A wind energy frictional nanogenerator

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of energy collection, and particularly relates to a wind energy friction nanogenerator, which comprises a wind-driven rotor, a friction power generation unit, an electrostatic induction unit and a stator; the stator comprises a top disc, a bottom disc, a central shaft and a base disc; the central shaft is fixedly connected with the center of the base disc, the top disc and the bottom disc in sequence; the wind-driven rotor is arranged between the top disc and the bottom disc and connected with the central shaft through a bidirectional bearing; the friction power generation unit is arranged between the bottom disc and the wind-driven rotor; the electrostatic induction unit is arranged between the top disc and the wind-driven rotor; the friction power generation unit outputs direct current when the wind-driven rotor rotates; the direct current output by the friction power generation unit is input into the electrostatic induction unit to make the wind-driven rotor output alternating current when rotating, and the wind energy friction nanogenerator designed in the application can not only convert wind energy into mechanical energy, but also output direct current and alternating current simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy harvesting, specifically relating to a wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator. Background Technology

[0002] Given concerns about global environmental degradation and the energy crisis, exploring clean and renewable new energy sources has become an urgent need and an inevitable trend in today's society. Wind energy, as a new type of natural energy, has been widely used. However, wind energy harvesting requires large power generation equipment and specific geographical locations. Therefore, in 2012, Wang Zhonglin's team invented the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). TENG can convert low-frequency environmental mechanical energy into electrical energy. It is small in size and easy to manufacture. At the same time, it can convert wind energy into electrical energy under low wind speed conditions, making it adaptable to different environments.

[0003] Traditional generators typically generate electrical charge through friction using wind energy, inputting the charge into a rectifier bridge circuit to output direct current (DC). While this method can output DC, the presence of the rectifier bridge inevitably consumes some energy. Furthermore, traditional generators have a power management circuit to convert the generator's output into a stable low-voltage, high-current form. Due to the impedance mismatch between the power management circuit and the generator, this method indirectly increases the generator's internal impedance, resulting in high energy loss and low output power. Moreover, existing generators can only output either alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC), and cannot output both simultaneously. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the issues of high energy loss and low output power of TENGs, and the fact that existing generators can only output either AC or DC power, and cannot output both simultaneously, this invention provides a wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator, specifically comprising:

[0005] Wind-driven rotor, triboelectric generator unit, electrostatic induction unit, stator;

[0006] The stator includes: a top disk, a bottom disk, a central shaft, and a base disk; the central shaft passes through the center of the base disk, the top disk, and the bottom disk from top to bottom, and is fixedly connected to the disk base, the top disk, and the bottom disk;

[0007] The wind-driven rotor is disposed between the top disk and the bottom disk and is connected to the central shaft through a bidirectional bearing; the triboelectric power generation unit is disposed between the bottom disk and the wind-driven rotor; the electrostatic induction unit is disposed between the top disk and the wind-driven rotor; the triboelectric power generation unit and the electrostatic induction unit are connected by wires.

[0008] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The present invention can convert wind energy into electrical energy. Wind energy can be collected by a wind-driven rotor. When the wind-driven rotor rotates under the drive of wind, the triboelectric generator generates charge and outputs direct current. By inputting the charge output by the triboelectric generator into the electrostatic induction unit through wires, the electrostatic induction unit can generate induced charge. Under the rotation of the wind-driven rotor, the electrostatic induction unit outputs alternating current under a constantly changing electric field. The present invention has a simple structure and can output both alternating current and direct current simultaneously. Compared with traditional power generation equipment, the present invention does not require a rectifier bridge circuit to convert alternating current into direct current, reducing useless work and improving energy transfer efficiency. At the same time, the present invention has no power management circuit, so the impedance is ultra-low and the energy loss is low, which greatly improves the output power. It can be widely used in real natural environments such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things to power low-power electronic devices. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator in this invention;

[0010] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator in this invention;

[0011] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the electrical energy output of the wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator in this invention.

[0012] The names corresponding to each marker in the diagram are as follows:

[0013] 1. Wind-driven rotor; 11. First disk; 12. Second disk; 13. Conduit; 14. Fan blade; 2. Triboelectric generator unit; 21. Conductive copper sheet; 22. Dielectric layer; 23. First carbon brush; 24. Second carbon brush; 3. Electrostatic induction unit; 31. Second electrode; 32. Dielectric film; 33. First electrode; 5. Mechanical switch; 34. Conductor rod; 41. Base disk; 42. Top disk; 43. Bottom disk; 44. Central shaft; 5. Switch rod; 34. Conductor rod. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0015] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2Example 1: This invention provides a specific embodiment of a wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator. The wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator includes: a wind-driven rotor 1, a triboelectric power generation unit 2, an electrostatic induction unit 3, and a stator. The wind-driven rotor 1 and the stator are connected by a bidirectional bearing. The triboelectric power generation unit 2 and the electrostatic induction unit 3 are respectively disposed between the wind-driven rotor and the stator, and are connected by wires. The wind-driven rotor 1 rotates under the drive of wind power. When the wind-driven rotor rotates, the triboelectric power generation unit 2 generates electric charge through friction, thereby outputting direct current. By inputting the charge generated by the triboelectric power generation unit 2 into the electrostatic induction unit 3, the electrostatic induction unit 3 generates induced charge. Under the rotation of the wind-driven rotor, the positive and negative poles of the output of the electrostatic induction unit 3 continuously change, thereby outputting alternating current.

[0016] Example 2, a specific implementation of a wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator, the wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator comprising: a wind-driven rotor 1, a triboelectric power generation unit 2, an electrostatic induction unit 3, and a stator;

[0017] The stator includes a top disk 42, a bottom disk 43, a central shaft 44, and a base disk 41. The central shaft 44 passes through the center of the base disk 41, the top disk 42, and the bottom disk 43 from top to bottom, and is fixedly connected to the base disk 41, the top disk 42, and the bottom disk 43. The wind-driven rotor 1 is disposed between the top disk 42 and the bottom disk 43 and is connected to the central shaft 44 through a bidirectional bearing. The triboelectric power generation unit 2 is disposed between the bottom disk 43 and the wind-driven rotor 1. The electrostatic induction unit 3 is disposed between the top disk 42 and the wind-driven rotor 1. The triboelectric power generation unit 2 and the electrostatic induction unit 3 are connected by wires. By designing a special stator structure, the electrostatic induction unit 3 and the triboelectric power generation unit 2 are respectively disposed between the stator and the rotor, making full use of the mechanical energy converted by the wind-driven rotor 1 and enhancing the energy conversion rate. By inputting the DC power output by the triboelectric unit 2 into the electrostatic induction unit 3, the electrostatic induction unit 3 outputs AC power when the wind-driven rotor 1 rotates.

[0018] Example 3, a specific implementation of a wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator, wherein the wind-driven rotor 1 of the wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator includes: a first disk 11, a second disk 12, a conduit 13, and a plurality of fan blades 14; the side of the fan blades 14 is fixedly connected to the conduit 13; the upper end of the fan blades 14 is fixedly connected to the first disk 11, and the lower end of the fan blades 14 is fixedly connected to the second disk 12; the center of both the first disk 11 and the second disk 12 is provided with a through hole for passing through a central shaft 44; the inner wall of the conduit 13 is fixedly connected to a bidirectional bearing. Through the designed wind-driven rotor 1, wind energy from different directions can be collected, improving the efficiency of wind energy collection. The inner wall of the bidirectional bearing is fixedly connected to the central shaft 44, and the outer wall of the bidirectional bearing is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conduit.

[0019] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of a wind-driven rotor 1, there are 4 to 8 fan blades 14, each fan blade 14 is square, each fan blade 14 is evenly distributed around the duct 13 and is radially arranged, each fan blade 14 has the same length direction, and the fan blades 14 can rotate under the blowing of wind.

[0020] Example 4, a specific implementation of a wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator, wherein the triboelectric power generation unit 2 of the wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator includes: multiple conductive copper sheets 21 and multiple dielectric layers 22;

[0021] The dielectric layer 22 is attached to the upper surface of the bottom disk 43; the conductive copper sheet 22 is attached to the lower surface of the second disk 12.

[0022] Further, the conductive copper sheets 21 are fan-shaped and arranged in a ring on the lower surface of the second disk 12. The dielectric layer 22 has the same shape as the conductive copper sheets 21. The number of conductive copper sheets 21 is even and greater than or equal to 4. The number of dielectric layers 22 is half that of the conductive copper sheets 21. The dielectric layers 22 are arranged in a ring on the upper surface of the bottom disk 43. Two adjacent conductive copper sheets 21 are connected by wires (two non-adjacent first electrodes out of any three nearby first electrodes are connected by wires). When the wind drives the rotor 1 to rotate, the dielectric layer 22 and the conductive copper sheets 21... The charge generated by friction of the plate 21 moves in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, thereby generating a positive and negative voltage difference. The voltage difference is the largest when a portion of the conductive copper plate 21 is directly opposite a portion of the dielectric layer 22, and the output current is the largest. By connecting any two non-adjacent conductive copper plates out of any three close conductive copper plates 21 with a wire, multiple conductive copper plates 21 can be divided into two groups, increasing the friction area between the dielectric layer 22 and the conductive copper plate 21. This perfectly utilizes the space between the bottom disk 43 and the second disk 12, improves the conversion efficiency of wind energy, and enables the DC power output by the triboelectric power generation unit 2 to be continuous.

[0023] Example 5, a specific implementation of a wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator, includes a first carbon brush 23 and a second carbon brush 24. The first carbon brush 23 and the second carbon brush 24 are respectively fixedly disposed on the sides of two adjacent conductive copper sheets 21. When the wind drives the rotor 1 to rotate, the sides of the plurality of conductive copper sheets 21 rub against the first carbon brush 23 and the second carbon brush 24 in sequence. By setting the first carbon brush 23 and the second carbon brush 24 on the sides of any two adjacent conductive copper sheets 21, the positive and negative charges generated during friction can be stably output as DC power through the carbon brushes, improving the stability of the output of the triboelectric power generation unit 2. At the same time, by using the method of setting carbon brushes, part of the AC power generated by friction in the triboelectric power generation unit 2 is converted into DC power, replacing the function of the traditional TENG that needs to pass through a rectifier bridge circuit and a power management circuit to improve the output stability of the TENG. The method adopted in this invention can realize the functions of the rectifier bridge circuit and the power management circuit through carbon brushes, increasing the energy conversion efficiency of the wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0024] Example 6, a specific embodiment of a wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator, wherein the electrostatic induction unit 3 includes: a dielectric film 32, a plurality of first electrodes 33 and a plurality of second electrodes 31; the first electrodes 33 are fan-shaped; the first electrodes 33 are attached to the upper surface of the first disk 11 and arranged in a ring; the second electrodes 31 are attached to the lower surface of the top disk 42 and arranged in a ring; the dielectric film 32 is disposed between the first electrodes 33 and the second electrodes 31; the first electrodes 33 and the second electrodes 31 have the same shape, size and number; the output ends of the first carbon brush 23 and the second carbon brush 24 are respectively connected to any two adjacent second electrodes 31; two adjacent first electrodes 33 are connected by wires (two non-adjacent first electrodes among any three nearby first electrodes are connected by wires); two adjacent second electrodes 31 are connected by wires (two non-adjacent second electrodes among any three nearby second electrodes are connected by wires); the DC current output by the first carbon brush 23 and the second carbon brush 24 is input into any two adjacent second electrodes 31. In the two electrodes, the positive and negative charges on multiple first electrodes 33 move according to the principle of electrostatic induction. When the rotor is driven by wind to rotate, the positions of the positive and negative charges in the multiple first electrodes 33 change continuously, thereby outputting alternating current. The first and second electrodes are made of copper foil. The method in this embodiment can convert direct current to alternating current without an inverter circuit, reducing energy loss and increasing output power. By connecting two adjacent first electrodes 33 with wires (connecting any two non-adjacent first electrodes out of any three closest first electrodes 33 with wires), the first electrodes 33 are divided into two groups. When the induced charge in the first electrode 33 changes, positive and negative outputs are generated in the first electrode 33. By connecting two adjacent second electrodes 31 with wires (connecting any two non-adjacent second electrodes out of any three closest second electrodes 31 with wires), the second electrodes 31 are divided into two groups, which are used to input the positive and negative charges output by the electrostatic friction unit into the two groups of second electrodes respectively.

[0025] Please see Figure 1Example 7 illustrates a specific implementation of a wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator. The wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator further includes a mechanical switch. The mechanical switch comprises a conductor rod 34 and multiple switch rods 5. The conductor rod 34 is fixedly connected to the side of any one of the first electrodes 33. The upper ends of the switch rods 5 are all fixed to the edge of the lower surface of the disc base 41. When the conductor rod 34 rotates one revolution, it sequentially contacts each switch rod 5. The switch rods 5 are connected in series by wires. Through the designed mechanical switch, the alternating current output by the electrostatic induction unit 3 can be converted from a sine wave to an instantaneous pulse, greatly improving the output power. Experimental testing revealed that the output power under the mechanical switch designed in this embodiment is 10-20 times higher than the traditional electrostatic induction output power.

[0026] A specific embodiment of a wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator is provided, wherein the switching rod 5 is a metal conductor, the number of the switching rods 5 is the same as the number of the first electrodes 33, and the distance between any two adjacent switching rods 5 is the same. By designing multiple switching rods 5, the output frequency of the electrostatic induction unit is increased. By assigning one switching rod 5 to one first electrode 33, the electrical energy stored in the first electrode 33 is output each time the switching rod 5 contacts the conductor rod 34, thereby increasing the instantaneous output power.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention first generates charge through friction between the dielectric layer 22 and the conductive copper sheet 21, and injects the charge into the second electrode 31 through a carbon brush. The first electrode 33 generates induced charge, and a load is connected between two adjacent first electrodes 33 and a mechanical switch to supply power to the load. The plurality of dielectric layers are made of dielectric materials. In the present invention, both the dielectric layer 22 and the dielectric film 32 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0028] The wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator provided by this invention can improve energy transfer efficiency, while having ultra-low impedance and low energy loss, greatly improving output power. It can be widely used in real natural environments such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things to power low-power electronic devices. Similarly, this invention is also applicable to large-scale industrial power generation.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that, The wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator includes: a wind-driven rotor (1), a triboelectric power generation unit (2), an electrostatic induction unit (3), and a stator; The stator includes: a top disk (42), a bottom disk (43), a central shaft (44), and a base disk (41); the central shaft (44) passes through the center of the base disk (41), the top disk (42), and the bottom disk (43) from top to bottom, and is fixedly connected to the base disk (41), the top disk (42), and the bottom disk (43); The wind-driven rotor (1) includes: a first disk (11), a second disk (12), a guide tube (13), and a plurality of fan blades (14); the side of the fan blades (14) is fixedly connected to the guide tube (13); the upper end of the fan blades (14) is fixedly connected to the first disk (11), and the lower end of the fan blades (14) is fixedly connected to the second disk (12); the center of the first disk (11) and the second disk (12) are both provided with through holes for passing through the central shaft (44); the inner wall of the guide tube (13) is fixedly connected to a bidirectional bearing; The wind-driven rotor (1) is disposed between the top disk (42) and the bottom disk (43), and is connected to the central shaft (44) through a bidirectional bearing; the triboelectric power generation unit (2) is disposed between the bottom disk (43) and the wind-driven rotor (1); the electrostatic induction unit (3) is disposed between the top disk (42) and the wind-driven rotor (1); the triboelectric power generation unit (2) and the electrostatic induction unit (3) are connected by wires; The triboelectric power generation unit (2) includes: multiple conductive copper sheets (21) and multiple dielectric layers (22); The dielectric layer (22) is attached to the upper surface of the bottom disk (43); the conductive copper sheet (21) is attached to the lower surface of the second disk (12); The electrostatic induction unit (3) includes: a dielectric film (32), a plurality of first electrodes (33) and a plurality of second electrodes (31); the first electrodes (33) are fan-shaped; the first electrodes (33) are attached to the upper surface of the first disk (11) and arranged in a ring; the second electrodes (31) are attached to the lower surface of the top disk (42) and arranged in a ring; the dielectric film (32) is disposed between the first electrodes (33) and the second electrodes (31); the first electrodes (33) and the second electrodes (31) have the same shape, size and number, and the output ends of the first carbon brush (23) and the second carbon brush (24) are respectively connected to any two adjacent second electrodes (31); the first electrodes (33) are connected by wires between adjacent ones; the second electrodes (31) are connected by wires between adjacent ones.

2. The wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are 4 to 8 fan blades (14). Each fan blade (14) is square and is evenly distributed around the conduit (13) in a radial pattern. The length direction of each fan blade (14) is consistent. The fan blades (14) can rotate under the blowing of the wind.

3. The wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive copper sheet (21) is fan-shaped and arranged in a ring on the lower surface of the second disk (12). The dielectric layer (22) has the same shape as the conductive copper sheet (21). The number of conductive copper sheets (21) is even and greater than or equal to 4. The number of dielectric layers (22) is half that of the conductive copper sheets (21). The dielectric layer (22) is arranged in a ring on the upper surface of the bottom disk (43). Two adjacent conductive copper sheets (21) are connected by a wire.

4. A wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The triboelectric power generation unit (2) further includes a first carbon brush (23) and a second carbon brush (24); the first carbon brush (23) and the second carbon brush (24) are respectively fixedly disposed on the side of two adjacent conductive copper sheets (21), and when the wind-driven rotor (1) rotates, the side of the conductive copper sheet (21) rubs against the first carbon brush (23) and the second carbon brush (24) in sequence.

5. A wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator also includes a mechanical switch; the mechanical switch includes a conductor rod (34) and multiple switch rods (5); the conductor rod (34) is fixedly connected to the side of any one of the first electrodes (33), and the upper ends of the switch rods (5) are all fixed to the edge of the lower surface of the base disk (41); when the conductor rod (34) rotates one revolution, it contacts each switch rod (5) in sequence, and the switch rods (5) are connected in series by wires.

6. A wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The switch rod (5) is a metal conductor. The number of switch rods (5) is the same as the number of first electrodes (33), and the distance between any two adjacent switch rods (5) is the same.

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