Refrigerator box unpowered crushing and sorting production line and its use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a refrigerator box unpowered crushing and sorting production line and a method of using the same, including: a loading platform; a loading conveyor belt; a shredder; a crusher, the crusher is located at the bottom of the shredder and is connected to the outlet of the shredder through a crushing and unloading channel; a plastic discharge pipe, one end of the plastic discharge pipe is connected to the outlet of the crusher; a foam volume reducer; a magnetic separator; a scrap iron discharge belt, one end of the scrap iron discharge belt is connected to the middle of the plastic discharge pipe for receiving scrap iron screened by the magnetic separator; a foam discharge pipe, one end of the foam discharge pipe is connected to the outlet of the foam volume reducer. The beneficial effects of the invention are that the secondary negative pressure recovery of disassembled foam dust is realized, the foam dust of defective refrigerators is effectively recovered, the environment of the disassembly production line is improved, the distribution of the disassembly line is shortened through the integration of the disassembly line, the disassembly efficiency is improved, the disassembly energy consumption is reduced, and the disassembly efficiency of defective products is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of waste household appliances recycling, in particular to a refrigerator case crushing and sorting production line and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In January 2020, the China Household Electrical Appliances Association issued a series of standards on "Safe Use Period of Household Electrical Appliances". The safe use period of household refrigerators is 10 years. According to this standard, the theoretical total number of household refrigerators scrapped in 2020 is 59.2 million units. Calculated at 30kg per refrigerator body, this is approximately 1.776 million tons.

[0003] At present, the dismantling of defective refrigerators in China adopts open dismantling. The defective products are first torn into small pieces by a shredder, and then transported to the crusher for crushing through a conveyor belt. The crushed fragments are fed through a transmission belt. The foam is first recovered into the volume reducer by a negative pressure device, and then the iron is screened out by a magnetic separator. The plastic is sent to the material frame through a conveyor belt. The equipment is transmitted by an open conveyor belt, which has high production costs. During the transmission of foam dust through the conveyor belt, dust particles are scattered on the work site, which makes it difficult to recycle and has high recycling costs. With the development of my country's economy, new changes have been brought to the dismantling industry. It is a new trend to require the dismantling industry to be pollution-free and standardized during dismantling.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent publication number CN208213915U discloses a refrigerator crushing production line, including a disassembly station, a refrigerant recovery station, a crushing system, an iron removal device and a precious metal recovery device. The refrigerant recovery station is provided with a refrigerant recovery machine. The crushing system includes a first elevator, a two-shaft crusher, a second elevator and a fine crusher; the fine crusher includes a fine crushing bin, the upper end of the fine crushing bin is connected to a second feed inlet, and the lower end is connected to a second discharge outlet. A fine crushing shaft is provided inside the fine crushing bin, a crushing knife is connected to the fine crushing shaft, and a grille is provided below the fine crushing shaft.

[0005] For another example, Chinese utility model patent publication number CN205236131U discloses a waste refrigerator crushing line, which includes a pretreatment system (1), a double-shaft shredder (3), a vertical crusher (5), a vibrating feeder (7), an iron removal system, an air separation system and an eddy current separator (11). The air separation system includes three suction ducts, and the suction ducts are arranged in a wavy Z-shaped structure. The iron removal system includes a conveyor belt with a magnetic roller and an iron suction device, and a three-stage suction method is used to collect foam.

[0006] For example, Chinese utility model patent publication number CN209156701U discloses a waste refrigerator disassembly, crushing and recycling line, which includes a pre-disassembly platform, a shredder, a crusher, a first vibrating screening machine for vibrating screening of materials from the crusher, a magnetic separator, an eddy current separator and several conveyor belts arranged in sequence along the conveying direction.

[0007] For another example, Chinese utility model patent publication number CN214639052U discloses a high-efficiency waste refrigerator crushing and sorting system, wherein a feeding conveyor is provided on the right side of the pretreatment system, a three-axis crusher is provided at the rear end of the feeding conveyor, the three-axis crusher has a level I conveyor, a vertical agglomerator is provided on the right side of the level I conveyor, a first vibrating feeder is provided on the right side of the vertical agglomerator, a suspended magnetic separator is provided on the right side of the first vibrating feeder, the suspended magnetic separator has a level II conveyor, a second vibrating feeder is provided on the right side of the level II conveyor, and the second vibrating feeder is connected to an eddy current separator.

[0008] The above patents do not take into account that the foam in the refrigerator is easy to overflow after being broken, polluting the environment and difficult to recycle. In addition, the crushing and sorting process of the refrigerator is linear, occupying a large area of ​​the site. The crushed fragments are screened in turn, and an additional power mechanism is required to transport them to each workstation, which has high energy consumption, low disassembly efficiency and slow speed. Summary of the invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the foam in the existing waste refrigerator crushing and sorting system is easy to overflow and pollute the environment after being crushed, and the crushing process is carried out linearly, which occupies a large area, has high energy consumption, low efficiency and slow speed. Therefore, a non-powered crushing and sorting production line for refrigerator bodies and a use method thereof are provided.

[0010] The technical scheme of the present invention is: a refrigerator box unpowered crushing and sorting production line, comprising: a loading platform, the loading platform is used to place the refrigerator box; a loading conveyor belt, the loading conveyor belt is used to transport the refrigerator box; a shredder, the inlet of the shredder is connected to the loading conveyor belt for shredding the refrigerator box; a crusher, the crusher is located at the bottom of the shredder and is connected to the outlet of the shredder through a crushing and unloading channel; a plastic discharge pipe, one end of the plastic discharge pipe is connected to the outlet of the crusher; a foam volume reducer, the foam volume reducer is connected to the upper part of the plastic discharge pipe through a primary negative pressure pipe, and the foam volume reducer is connected to the lower part of the plastic discharge pipe through a secondary negative pressure pipe; a magnetic separator, the magnetic separator is installed in the middle of the plastic discharge pipe; a broken iron discharge belt, one end of the broken iron discharge belt is connected to the middle of the plastic discharge pipe for receiving the broken iron screened by the magnetic separator; a foam discharge pipe, one end of the foam discharge pipe is connected to the outlet of the foam volume reducer.

[0011] The other end of the foam discharge pipe in the above solution is connected to a material bag.

[0012] The other end of the plastic discharge pipe in the above solution is connected to a material frame.

[0013] The other end of the scrap iron discharging belt in the above scheme is connected to a material frame.

[0014] The crushing discharge channel, plastic discharge pipe and foam discharge pipe described in the above scheme are all closed pipes.

[0015] The method for using the non-powered crushing and sorting assembly line for refrigerator boxes comprises the following steps: placing the refrigerator box on a loading platform, and the box is driven by a loading conveyor belt to enter a shredder for shredding, and the shredded material falls into the crusher through a crushing and unloading channel and is crushed into iron, plastic and broken foam, and the iron, plastic and foam enter a plastic discharge pipe, and the foam is sucked into a foam volume reducer from a primary negative pressure pipe and a secondary negative pressure pipe, and the foam volume reducer reduces the foam volume and enters the foam discharge pipe, and the iron is screened out by a magnetic separator and enters a broken iron discharge belt, and the separation of iron, plastic and foam is completed.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are that secondary negative pressure recovery of dismantled foam dust is achieved, foam dust of defective refrigerators is effectively recovered, the environment of the dismantling production line is improved, and through the integration of dismantling lines, the distribution of dismantling lines is shortened, the dismantling efficiency is improved, the dismantling energy consumption is reduced, and the dismantling benefits of defective products are effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the refrigerator box unpowered crushing and sorting production line of the present invention;

[0018] In the figure, 1. feeding platform, 2. feeding conveyor belt, 3. shredder, 4. crusher, 5. plastic discharge pipe, 6. foam volume reduction machine, 7. magnetic separator, 8. scrap iron discharge belt, 9. foam discharge pipe, 10. crushing discharge channel, 11. primary negative pressure pipe, 12. secondary negative pressure pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical scheme of the present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention can automatically crush and sort defective refrigerator case shells and heat preservation materials, thereby improving the disassembly efficiency of defective refrigerators, maximizing the value of defective products, and automating the disassembly operation of defective refrigerator cases, and belongs to a newly invented device.

[0021] The invention mainly solves the problem of effectively recovering foam dust during the disassembly of defective refrigerators, reduces the disassembly cost, and realizes intensive and environmentally friendly disassembly.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the refrigerator case unpowered crushing and sorting production line of the present invention comprises: a loading platform 1, the loading platform is used to place the refrigerator case; a loading conveyor belt 2, the loading conveyor belt is used to transport the refrigerator case; a shredder 3, the inlet of the shredder is connected to the loading conveyor belt for shredding the refrigerator case; a crusher 4, the crusher is located at the bottom of the shredder and is connected to the outlet of the shredder through a crushing discharge channel 10; a plastic discharge pipe 5, one end of the plastic discharge pipe is connected to the outlet of the crusher connected; a foam volume reducer 6, which is connected to the upper part of the plastic discharge pipe through a primary negative pressure pipe 11, and the foam volume reducer is connected to the lower part of the plastic discharge pipe through a secondary negative pressure pipe 12; a magnetic separator 7, which is installed in the middle of the plastic discharge pipe; a scrap iron discharge belt 8, one end of which is connected to the middle of the plastic discharge pipe for receiving the scrap iron screened by the magnetic separator; a foam discharge pipe 9, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the foam volume reducer.

[0023] After the defective boxes are shredded by the shredder, they naturally fall into the crusher through a sealed pipe. After the crusher is broken, the scraps composed of iron, plastic and foam are discharged through the sealed pipe. The primary negative pressure pipe first collects the main foam into the foam volume reduction machine through the negative pressure device. The scraps continue to be discharged, and the magnetic separator separates the iron and conveys it to the scrap iron collection frame through the scrap iron discharge belt. The secondary negative pressure pipe collects the scrap foam again. The screened plastic is sent to the plastic collection frame through the plastic discharge pipe, and the broken foam is reduced in volume by the foam volume reduction machine and then loaded into the material bag.

[0024] The invention reduces production energy consumption and reduces the diffusion of foam dust by changing the transmission mode between broken materials.

[0025] The traditional disassembly method of defective refrigerators is to use a shredder to tear the box into pieces first, and then use a crusher to break the shredded materials. The broken materials are screened, magnetically separated, and negative pressure foam is collected. The materials are transported between the equipment by a conveyor belt, which is open. During the material transportation process, the broken foam dust is easy to spread to the workplace, and the recovery of the foam dust requires a certain cost.

[0026] The crushing and sorting production line of the present invention is arranged to place the shredder 3 meters above the crusher, and the crushing discharge channel is transmitted by a closed pipe. After the shredder tears the box, the material automatically flows into the feed port of the crusher through a closed pipe, and the crusher crushes the material. After the crushing, the material contains iron, plastic and broken foam. The primary negative pressure pipeline sucks the foam into the volume reducer through the negative pressure air duct at the lower part of the crushing discharge channel, and other broken materials continue to be transmitted and sorted through the plastic discharge pipeline. The magnetic separator screens out the iron in the broken materials and sends them to the broken iron discharge belt. The secondary negative pressure pipeline recycles the foam into the volume reducer for the second time. After the volume reducer reduces the foam, it is sent to the material bag through the pipeline, and the sorted plastic is transported to the plastic material frame through the conveyor belt.

[0027] The shredded materials are sent to the crusher and directly transmitted through the pipeline by gravity. No transmission power device is required. The materials are always closed during the entire transmission process, and the foam dust does not spread. Compared with the traditional disassembly method, the production environment is improved, and the dust recovery cost and production energy consumption are reduced.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. Scientific and reasonable design reduces the energy consumption of equipment and saves production costs.

[0030] In terms of equipment layout, through the reasonable layout of the shredder and crusher, the shredded materials do not need to be transported by a power motor. The shredded materials fall naturally into the crusher by gravity, saving energy consumption and reducing production costs.

[0031] 2. The closed secondary negative pressure pipeline can effectively recover the polyurethane foam dust in the disassembly process, and the production environment is greatly improved. In the traditional production method, the material is crushed and then transmitted through an open transmission belt. During the transmission of the material, the foam dust is easy to diffuse into the environment, and the recovery cost is high. The material of the device of the present invention is transmitted through a closed pipeline, and the negative pressure pipeline directly recovers the crushed foam on the transmission channel, which effectively prevents the diffusion of foam dust. In order to improve the foam recovery effect, the foam particles that were not completely recovered for the first time are recovered under secondary negative pressure after the magnetic separator. Through this design, the foam recovery effect is effectively improved, and the working environment of the production site is effectively improved.

[0032] 1. The shredder will tear the defective boxes into pieces, which will be easier to crush by the crusher;

[0033] 2. The feeding conveyor belt transports the defective boxes to the shredder;

[0034] 3. Loading platform: place the material frame with stacked boxes on the loading platform to facilitate box loading;

[0035] 4. Crushing material discharge channel: This channel is designed to be closed, and the shredded materials are conveyed to the crusher through this channel.

[0036] 5. Crusher, which crushes the shredded box materials. The crushed materials are mainly plastic, iron and polyurethane foam.

[0037] 6. A foam negative pressure pipeline, including a primary negative pressure pipeline and a secondary negative pressure pipeline, through which the broken polyurethane foam can be recovered.

[0038] 7. Foam volume reduction machine crushes the foam to reduce the volume of individual foams. After the crushed foam is bagged, the gaps between the individual foams become smaller.

[0039] 8. Magnetic separator can effectively separate the broken iron.

[0040] 9. The scrap iron discharging belt, the iron after magnetic separation passes through the discharging belt conveyor to the scrap iron recovery material frame.

[0041] 10. A plastic discharge pipe, through which the sorted plastic is transported to a plastic recycling material frame.

[0042] 11. A foam discharging pipe, through which the reduced foam particles are conveyed to a foam material bag.

[0043] 12. Material frame, recycling different crushed materials.

[0044] 13. Material bag, recycling the reduced volume polyurethane foam.

[0045] The whole disassembly assembly line has an ingenious overall design, a high degree of automation, and effectively improves the production environment, saves production costs, has high operating efficiency, is safe, and environmentally friendly. It is a new type of equipment that is easy to promote.

Claims

1. The unpowered crushing and sorting line for refrigerator boxes is characterized by: include: A loading platform (1), the loading platform is used to place a refrigerator box; a loading conveyor belt (2), the loading conveyor belt is used to transport the refrigerator box; a shredder (3), the inlet of the shredder is connected to the loading conveyor belt and is used to shred the refrigerator box; a crusher (4), the crusher is located at the bottom of the shredder and is connected to the outlet of the shredder through a crushing discharge channel (10); a plastic discharge pipe (5), one end of the plastic discharge pipe is connected to the outlet of the crusher; a foam volume reduction machine (6), the foam volume reduction machine is connected to the outlet of the crusher through a primary negative pressure pipe ( 11) is connected to the upper part of the plastic discharge pipe, and the foam volume reduction machine is connected to the lower part of the plastic discharge pipe through the secondary negative pressure pipe (12); a magnetic separator (7), the magnetic separator is installed in the middle of the plastic discharge pipe; a scrap iron discharge belt (8), one end of the scrap iron discharge belt is connected to the middle of the plastic discharge pipe for receiving the scrap iron screened by the magnetic separator; a foam discharge pipe (9), one end of the foam discharge pipe is connected to the outlet of the foam volume reduction machine; the crushing discharge channel, the plastic discharge pipe and the foam discharge pipe are all closed pipes.

2. The refrigerator body unpowered crushing and sorting production line as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: The other end of the foam discharge pipe is connected with a material bag.

3. The refrigerator body unpowered crushing and sorting production line as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: The other end of the plastic discharge pipe is connected to a material frame.

4. The refrigerator body unpowered crushing and sorting production line as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: The other end of the scrap iron discharging belt is connected to a material frame.

5. The method for using the refrigerator box unpowered crushing and sorting line according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Put the refrigerator body on the loading platform, and drive it into the shredder under the driving of the loading conveyor belt. The shredded materials fall into the crusher through the crushing discharge channel and are broken into iron, plastic and broken foam. The iron, plastic and foam enter the plastic discharge pipe, and the foam is sucked into the foam volume reducer from the primary negative pressure pipe and the secondary negative pressure pipe. After the foam volume is reduced by the foam volume reducer, it enters the foam discharge pipe. The iron is screened out by the magnetic separator and enters the broken iron discharge belt, completing the sorting of iron, plastic and foam.

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