An improved starter

Abstract

An improved starter belongs to the technical field of automobile starters, and includes an electric motor, an electromagnetic switch and a drive shaft, wherein a drive gear is mounted on the drive shaft, and the electromagnetic switch is mounted on the motor shaft of the electric motor. The electromagnetic switch includes a control sleeve that is sleeved on the motor shaft and can move axially, and a clutch sleeve is connected to one end of the control sleeve, and the clutch sleeve includes a connecting transmission part and a clutch part, wherein the connecting transmission part is connected to the motor shaft, and the clutch part is connected to the drive shaft. Compared with the prior art, the present application separates the drive shaft connected to the drive gear and the motor shaft of the electric motor, so that the drive gear is always engaged with the flywheel, and the torque transmission between the electric motor and the drive gear is controlled by the clutch sleeve, thereby avoiding the milling phenomenon, reducing noise, and reducing the wear caused by the switching of engagement and disengagement, thereby greatly improving the service life of the starter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile starters, and particularly relates to an improved starter. Background Art

[0002] The automotive starter is a key component of the vehicle's starting system. Its operating principle is to convert battery electrical energy into mechanical energy, which is then transmitted to the engine flywheel's ring gear via the transmission mechanism's drive gear. This overcomes the engine's resistance torque, cranking the stationary engine and enabling normal vehicle operation. The meshing of the drive gear with the flywheel is crucial to the transmission. Traditionally, this process is achieved by a control mechanism controlling the starter's circuit switching and the meshing and disengagement of the drive gear and ring gear. Meshing methods include forced and flexible meshing.

[0003] Forced engagement is the most common engagement method currently used in automotive starters. It works by using a shift fork and other structures to push the drive gear toward the flywheel for engagement. During engagement, if the drive gear teeth align perfectly with the flywheel's teeth, engagement is smooth. If they do, toothing will occur, and the engagement spring will compress. This is until the motor is powered on, and after the drive gear rotates a very small angle, the drive gear teeth align with the flywheel's teeth. The engagement spring forces the drive gear to push forward and engage the flywheel. Soft engagement, on the other hand, involves rotating the drive gear when toothing occurs, automatically forking the toothing, ensuring smooth engagement at all times.

[0004] The above-mentioned meshing method has the following problems: 1. There is a milling phenomenon, where the starter's drive gear teeth will collide with the flywheel teeth. The drive gear teeth will rotate at high speed against the end face of the flywheel teeth, causing the flywheel to be milled and damage the drive gear. 2. The high-speed friction during the milling process will generate a loud noise. 3. The drive gear and flywheel often switch between disengagement and engagement, causing severe wear and significantly shortening the service life, requiring frequent replacement and maintenance.

[0005] Therefore, based on some of the above situations in the prior art, this application has been further designed and improved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the above deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an improved starter, which separates the drive shaft connected to the drive gear and the motor shaft of the electric motor, allowing the drive gear to always be engaged with the flywheel, and controls the torque transmission between the electric motor and the drive gear through the clutch sleeve, thereby avoiding tooth milling, reducing noise, and reducing wear caused by engagement and disengagement switching, thereby greatly improving the service life of the starter.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved through the following technical solutions.

[0008] An improved starter comprises an electric motor, an electromagnetic switch, and a drive shaft, wherein a drive gear is mounted on the drive shaft. The electromagnetic switch is mounted on the motor shaft of the electric motor. The electromagnetic switch includes a control sleeve that is sleeved on the motor shaft and is axially movable. A clutch sleeve is connected to one end of the control sleeve. The clutch sleeve includes a connecting transmission portion and a clutch portion. The connecting transmission portion is connected to the motor shaft, and the clutch portion is connected to the drive shaft.

[0009] The beneficial effect of this structural design is that the drive gear is always engaged with the flywheel of the automobile engine, and the connection transmission between the motor shaft and the drive shaft is controlled by the clutch sleeve, avoiding wear of the drive gear caused by hard engagement.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a transmission block is provided within the connecting transmission portion, and a transmission slot having a shape adapted to the transmission block is provided on the end surface of the motor shaft. The transmission block remains within the transmission slot during axial movement of the clutch sleeve, thereby maintaining a constant connection between the clutch sleeve and the motor shaft for power transmission.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a clutch block is provided within the clutch portion, and a clutch chute shaped to match the clutch block is provided on the drive shaft. The clutch block disengages the clutch chute when the clutch sleeve moves toward the motor to its limit position. When the clutch sleeve moves toward the motor to its limit position, the drive shaft is disconnected from the motor shaft. When the clutch sleeve moves toward the drive gear to its limit position, the drive shaft is connected to the motor shaft for transmission.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the transmission block and the clutch block are cross-shaped, so that the transmission block and the clutch block have sufficient strength to avoid breakage due to excessive transmission torque.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the side surface of the clutch chute and the end surface of the drive shaft form an arc-shaped transition surface, so that the clutch block can slide into the clutch chute along the arc-shaped transition surface.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the clutch chute is twisted along the groove depth direction and around the axial direction, with a twisting angle of 5° to 10°, so that the engagement between the clutch block and the clutch chute is tighter.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic switch includes an assembly seat, the assembly seat is provided with a through hole through which the power supply shaft passes, and the control sleeve is sleeved on the assembly seat. The assembly seat is provided with an abutment flange, the abutment flange is provided with a passive adsorption member, the control sleeve is provided with a sleeve end, and the sleeve end is provided with an active adsorption member corresponding to the passive adsorption member on the side facing the abutment flange. A reset spring is installed between the abutment flange and the sleeve end. The axial movement of the control sleeve is achieved by controlling the electromagnetic switch, thereby controlling the clutch switching of the clutch sleeve.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, a detection structure is provided on the motor shaft, comprising detection ridges and detection grooves spaced apart. A detection head aligned with the detection structure is provided on the end surface of the assembly seat. When the clutch block enters the clutch slot, the clutch sleeve deflects at a certain angle, causing the motor shaft to deflect as well. The detection head detects whether the clutch sleeve is in place by the offset of the detection structure.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, a first fixing hole is provided at the bottom of the assembly base, a second fixing hole is provided on the motor, and the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole are assembled and connected via a fixing connector, thereby simplifying assembly and providing a secure fit.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the clutch sleeve is provided with a mounting groove, and the control sleeve is provided with a rotating connector, which is installed in the mounting groove, so that the control sleeve can drive the clutch sleeve to move axially while preventing the clutch sleeve from rotating and driving the control sleeve.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: it provides an improved starter, in which the drive shaft connected to the drive gear and the motor shaft of the electric motor are separated, so that the drive gear is always engaged with the flywheel, and the torque transmission between the electric motor and the drive gear is controlled by the clutch sleeve, thereby avoiding the milling phenomenon, reducing noise, and reducing the wear caused by engagement and disengagement switching, thereby greatly improving the service life of the starter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the transmission part of this application.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure inside the control sleeve.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure inside the clutch sleeve.

[0024] Figure 5This is a structural diagram of the motor shaft part of the electric motor.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the assembly seat.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the drive shaft and drive gear.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the clutch sleeve.

[0028] The following is a description of the symbols in the drawings of this application:

[0029] 1. Motor; 11. Second fixing hole;

[0030] 2. Motor shaft; 21. Transmission slide; 22. Detection structure; 221. Detection ridge; 222. Detection groove;

[0031] 3. Electromagnetic switch; 31. Assembly seat; 311. Through hole; 312. First fixing hole; 313. Abutment flange; 314. Passive adsorption member; 32. Control sleeve; 321. Socket end; 322. Active adsorption member; 33. Rotating connector; 34. Return spring; 35. Detection head;

[0032] 4. Drive shaft; 41. Clutch chute;

[0033] 5. Drive gear;

[0034] 6. Clutch sleeve; 61. Transmission block; 62. Clutch block; 63. Assembly slot;

[0035] 7. Fix the connecting parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] In the following embodiments, the same or similar numbers throughout represent the same or similar components or components with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms: center, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, thickness, up, down, front, back, left, right, vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inside, outside, clockwise, counterclockwise, etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms: first, second, etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features shown. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms: install, connect, connect, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this practical application according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] refer to Figures 1 to 8 , an improved starter, comprising an electric motor 1, an electromagnetic switch 3 and a drive shaft 4, wherein the drive shaft 4 is provided with a drive gear 5. The electric motor 1 and the electromagnetic switch 3 are electrically connected to an external control device.

[0040] The essential feature of this application is that the electromagnetic switch 3 is mounted on the motor shaft 2 of the electric motor 1. The electromagnetic switch 3 includes a control sleeve 32 that is sleeved on the motor shaft 2 and can move axially. One end of the control sleeve 32 is connected to a clutch sleeve 6. The clutch sleeve 6 is hollow and includes a connecting transmission portion and a clutch portion. The connecting transmission portion is coaxially connected to the motor shaft 2, and the clutch portion is coaxially connected to the drive shaft 4. The drive gear 5 is always engaged with the flywheel of the automobile engine. The clutch sleeve 6 controls the connection transmission between the motor shaft 2 and the drive shaft 4, avoiding wear of the drive gear 5 caused by hard engagement.

[0041] Wherein, a transmission block 61 is provided in the connecting transmission part, and a transmission chute 21 adapted to the shape of the transmission block 61 is provided on the end face of the motor shaft 2. The transmission block 61 is always located in the transmission chute 21 during the axial movement of the clutch sleeve 6, so that the clutch sleeve 6 and the motor shaft 2 are always in a connected state to transmit power. A clutch block 62 is provided in the clutch part, and a clutch chute 41 adapted to the shape of the clutch block 62 is provided on the drive shaft 4. The clutch block 62 disengages from the clutch chute 41 when the clutch sleeve 6 moves to the limit position toward the motor 1. When the clutch sleeve 6 moves to the limit position toward the motor 1, the drive shaft 4 is disconnected from the motor shaft 2. When the clutch sleeve 6 moves to the limit position toward the drive gear 5, the drive shaft 4 is connected to the motor shaft 2 for transmission.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, the transmission block 61 and clutch block 62 are cross-shaped. Accordingly, the cross-sections of the transmission chute 21 and clutch chute 41 also have a cross shape. This ensures that the transmission block 61 and clutch block 62 have sufficient strength to prevent breakage due to excessive torque transmission. Specifically, the side surface of the clutch chute 41 described herein forms a curved transition with the end surface of the drive shaft 4, allowing the clutch block 62 to slide into the clutch chute 41 along this curved surface.

[0043] The specific structure of the electromagnetic switch 3 described in the present application is as follows: it includes an assembly seat 31, in which a through hole 311 is provided for the power supply shaft 2 to pass through, and the control sleeve 32 is sleeved on the assembly seat 31. A first fixing hole 312 is provided at the bottom of the assembly seat 31, and a second fixing hole 11 is provided on the motor 1. The first fixing hole 312 and the second fixing hole 11 are assembled and connected by a fixed connector 7, which is simple to assemble and fits firmly. An assembly groove 63 is provided on the clutch sleeve 6, and a rotating connector 33 is provided on the control sleeve 32. The rotating connector 33 is installed in the assembly groove 63. This enables the control sleeve 32 to drive the clutch sleeve 6 to move axially, while preventing the rotational movement of the clutch sleeve 6 from driving the control sleeve 32.

[0044] Preferably, the fixed connector 7 can be a hexagonal bolt, which is easy to assemble and disassemble and has a firm fit. The rotating connector 33 can be a rolling bearing, which can withstand a certain axial load and avoid direct contact between the control sleeve 32 and the assembly groove 63, which would cause wear.

[0045] The electromagnetic switch 3 described in this application controls the control sleeve 32 by combining an electromagnet and a spring. Specifically, the structure is as follows: the assembly seat 31 is provided with an abutting flange 313, the abutting flange 313 is provided with a passive adsorption member 314, and the control sleeve 32 is provided with a sleeve end 321. The sleeve end 321 is provided with an active adsorption member 322 corresponding to the passive adsorption member 314 on the side facing the abutting flange 313. A return spring 34 is installed between the abutting flange 313 and the sleeve end 321. By controlling the electromagnetic switch 3, the axial movement of the control sleeve 32 is achieved, thereby controlling the clutch switching of the clutch sleeve 6.

[0046] In particular, the present application is designed with a detection mechanism that can detect whether the clutch sleeve 6 is in place, and its specific structure is as follows: a detection structure 22 is provided on the motor shaft 2, and the detection structure 22 includes detection ridges 221 and detection grooves 222 arranged at intervals. A detection head 35 aligned with the detection structure 22 is provided on the end face of the assembly seat 31. The clutch chute 41 is twisted along the groove depth direction and around the axial direction, and the twisting angle is 5°~10°. This makes the engagement between the clutch block 62 and the clutch chute 41 tighter. At the same time, this design can cooperate with the detection structure 22, so that the clutch sleeve 6 will deflect at a certain angle when the clutch block 62 enters the clutch chute 41, driving the motor shaft 2 to deflect. The detection head 35 detects whether the clutch sleeve 6 is in place by the offset of the detection structure 22.

[0047] The working principle of this application is:

[0048] When starting the car, the control device first sends a signal to the electromagnetic switch 3, the active adsorption member 322 is energized, and moves toward the passive adsorption member 314 until the two are adsorbed, and the control sleeve 32 moves toward the driving gear 5.

[0049] Driven by the control sleeve 32, the clutch sleeve 6 moves toward the drive gear 5. During this movement, the clutch block 62 enters the clutch chute 41. Because the clutch chute 41 twists along the depth direction and around the axial direction, the clutch sleeve 6 causes the motor shaft 2 to deflect, causing the detection structure 22 to deflect. After the detection head 35 detects the deflection of the detection structure 22, it sends a signal to the control device indicating that the clutch sleeve 6 is in place. The control device then sends a start signal to the motor 1, which starts the motor 1 and drives the drive gear 5 to rotate via the clutch sleeve 6.

[0050] After the car is started, the electromagnetic switch 3 is closed, the control sleeve 32 is reset under the action of the reset spring 34, and the clutch sleeve 6 is separated from the drive shaft 4.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the present application separates the drive shaft 4 connected to the drive gear 5 and the motor shaft 2 of the motor 1, so that the drive gear 5 is always engaged with the flywheel, and the torque transmission between the motor 1 and the drive gear 5 is controlled by the clutch sleeve 6, thereby avoiding the milling phenomenon, reducing noise, and reducing the wear caused by engagement and disengagement switching, thereby greatly improving the service life of the starter.

[0052] The protection scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to the above embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention is based on the claims. Any replacement, deformation, and improvement of the technology that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An improved starter, characterized in that: It comprises an electric motor (1), an electromagnetic switch (3) and a drive shaft (4), wherein the drive shaft (4) is provided with a drive gear (5); The electromagnetic switch (3) is mounted on the motor shaft (2) of the electric motor (1); the electromagnetic switch (3) includes a control sleeve (32) sleeved on the motor shaft (2) and axially movable, one end of the control sleeve (32) is connected to a clutch sleeve (6), and the clutch sleeve (6) includes a connecting transmission part and a clutch part, the connecting transmission part is connected to the motor shaft (2), and the clutch part is connected to the drive shaft (4); A transmission block (61) is provided in the connecting transmission part, and a transmission chute (21) adapted to the shape of the transmission block (61) is provided on the end face of the motor shaft (2); the transmission block (61) is always located in the transmission chute (21) during the axial movement of the clutch sleeve (6); a clutch block (62) is provided in the clutch part, and a clutch chute (41) adapted to the shape of the clutch block (62) is provided on the drive shaft (4); the clutch block (62) is disengaged from the clutch chute (41) when the clutch sleeve (6) moves to the limit position toward the motor (1); the transmission block (61) and the clutch block (62) are cross-shaped; the side surface of the clutch chute (41) and the end face of the drive shaft (4) are in an arcuate curved surface transition; the clutch chute (41) is twisted along the groove depth direction and around the axial direction, and the twisting angle is 5°~10°; The electromagnetic switch (3) comprises an assembly seat (31), wherein a through hole (311) is provided in the assembly seat (31) for the power supply shaft (2) to pass through, and the control sleeve (32) is sleeved on the assembly seat (31); an abutting flange (313) is provided on the assembly seat (31), and a passive adsorption member (314) is provided on the abutting flange (313); a sleeve end (321) is provided on the control sleeve (32), and an active adsorption member (322) corresponding to the passive adsorption member (314) is provided on the side of the sleeve end (321) facing the abutting flange (313); a return spring (34) is installed between the abutting flange (313) and the sleeve end (321); the motor shaft ( 2) is provided with a detection structure (22), the detection structure (22) includes detection ridges (221) and detection grooves (222) arranged at intervals; a detection head (35) aligned with the detection structure (22) is provided on the end surface of the assembly seat (31); a first fixing hole (312) is provided at the bottom of the assembly seat (31), a second fixing hole (11) is provided on the motor (1), and the first fixing hole (312) and the second fixing hole (11) are assembled and connected through a fixed connecting member (7); an assembly groove (63) is provided on the clutch sleeve (6), and a rotating connecting member (33) is provided on the control sleeve (32), and the rotating connecting member (33) is installed in the assembly groove (63).

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