Alternating pole magnetic gear motor

Abstract

This invention relates to an alternating pole geared motor, comprising an outer stator, an outer rotor, and an inner rotor. The inner wall of the outer stator has an annular distributed winding, and the interior of the outer stator has an annular weakening winding. The outer rotor is rotatably mounted on the outside of the outer stator. The inner rotor is rotatably mounted on the outside of the outer rotor. The inner rotor consists of a first rotor segment and a second rotor segment connected axially. The first rotor segment includes multiple first magnets and multiple first magnetic blocks, with the first magnetic blocks and first magnets arranged alternately circumferentially along the inner rotor. The second rotor segment includes multiple second magnets and multiple second magnetic blocks, with the second magnetic blocks and second magnets arranged alternately circumferentially along the inner rotor. The magnetization direction of the first magnets is opposite to that of the second magnets, and the first magnets and second magnets are offset axially from each other on the inner rotor. This invention solves the technical problems of complex structure, high energy consumption, and susceptibility to damage in marine propulsion systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor technology, and more particularly to an alternating pole gear motor, especially an alternating pole gear motor with a weakening magnetic function suitable for hybrid power ship propulsion systems. Background Technology

[0002] The electric motor is the core component of a ship's propulsion system. Traditional ship propulsion systems typically use planetary gears to connect an internal combustion engine, an electric motor, and a speed divider. The speed divider then drives the propeller to rotate, generating the propulsion force for the ship's forward movement. However, traditional ship propulsion systems suffer from drawbacks such as a single operating mode, complex structure, and large size, resulting in poor applicability. Furthermore, the use of gears in traditional propulsion systems leads to additional energy consumption due to friction between the gears, reducing drive efficiency. Moreover, the contact transmission between gears makes them prone to damage during operation, resulting in poor reliability. This may require frequent maintenance of the mechanical gearbox by personnel in a short period, increasing the workload of staff and affecting the normal operation of the ship.

[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the problem of the single working mode and complex structure of ship propulsion systems in related technologies.

[0004] Therefore, based on years of experience and practice in related industries, the inventor proposes an alternating pole magnetic gear motor to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an alternating pole magnetic gear motor with advantages such as compact structure, low loss, and high reliability. It can not only improve the efficiency of the propulsion system, but also realize the field weakening speed-up function of the propulsion system, and further increase the efficient operating speed range of the propulsion system.

[0006] This invention can be implemented using the following technical solutions:

[0007] This invention provides an alternating pole gear motor, the alternating pole gear motor comprising:

[0008] An outer stator is fixedly installed, and a ring-shaped distributed winding is arranged along its circumference on the inner wall of the outer stator. A ring-shaped weak magnetic winding is arranged along its circumference inside the outer stator.

[0009] An outer rotor, which is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the outer stator;

[0010] An inner rotor is rotatably fitted onto the outside of the outer rotor. The inner rotor consists of a first rotor segment and a second rotor segment connected along its axial direction. The first rotor segment includes a plurality of first magnets and a plurality of first magnetic blocks, with each first magnetic block and each first magnet arranged alternately along the circumference of the inner rotor. The second rotor segment includes a plurality of second magnets and a plurality of second magnetic blocks, with each second magnetic block and each second magnet arranged alternately along the circumference of the inner rotor. The magnetization direction of the first magnets is opposite to that of the second magnets, and each first magnet and each second magnet is offset from each other along the axial direction of the inner rotor.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both the first magnetic block and the second magnetic block are formed by stacking and pressing multiple silicon steel sheets with magnetic properties.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer stator, the outer rotor, and the inner rotor are all cylindrical structures, and the outer stator, the outer rotor, and the inner rotor are coaxially arranged.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a groove is provided on the inner wall of the outer stator along the circumference of the outer stator, and the distributed winding is disposed in the groove.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an annular accommodating cavity is formed at the middle position inside the outer stator along the circumference of the outer stator, and the weak magnetic winding is disposed in the accommodating cavity.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer rotor includes a plurality of magnetic adjustment blocks, the magnetic adjustment blocks being elongated strip structures extending along the axial direction of the inner rotor, and each of the magnetic adjustment blocks being arranged at intervals along the circumference of the inner rotor.

[0016] The magnetic adjustment blocks are all formed by stacking and pressing multiple silicon steel sheets with magnetic conductivity.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the adjusting blocks satisfies the following relationship:

[0018] P i +P s =Q;

[0019] Where: P i P represents the number of pole pairs of each first magnet and each second magnet on the inner rotor; s Q represents the number of pole pairs in the distributed windings on the outer stator; Q represents the number of adjusting magnetic blocks on the outer rotor.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the adjusting blocks satisfies the following relationship:

[0021] 60f=QΩ0-P i Ω i ;

[0022] Where: f is the frequency of the AC current flowing through the distributed windings in the outer stator; Q is the number of adjusting magnetic blocks on the outer rotor; Ω0 is the rotational speed of the outer rotor; P i Ω represents the number of pole pairs of the first and second magnets on the inner rotor. i The rotational speed of the inner rotor.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the field weakening winding is the same as the direction from the first magnet to the second magnet on the inner rotor, then the field weakening winding has a magnetizing effect.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the direction of the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the field weakening winding is opposite to the direction from the first magnet to the second magnet on the inner rotor, then the field weakening winding has a field weakening effect.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner rotor is connected to the internal combustion engine via an input shaft, the inner rotor is connected to the speed divider via an output shaft, the distributed winding on the outer stator is connected to the current output terminal of the inverter via a power transmission line, the current input terminal of the inverter is connected to the power supply terminal of the battery pack, and the power supply terminal of the battery pack is also connected to the field weakening winding inside the outer stator via a power transmission line.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the internal combustion engine is connected to the fuel tank.

[0027] As described above, the alternating pole magnetic gear motor of the present invention has the following characteristics and advantages: It is a magnetic gear motor composed of an outer stator, an outer rotor, and an inner rotor. A field-weakening winding is installed inside the outer stator. This winding cooperates with the first and second magnets in the inner rotor, which have opposite magnetization directions. By supplying DC current in different directions to the field-weakening winding, the main magnetic circuit of the magnetic gear motor can be changed, thereby altering the magnetomotive force of the motor winding and the magnitude of the output torque under the same current density. This makes it suitable for use as the output of a ship propulsion system, particularly for the propulsion system of hybrid power ships. In actual use, by selecting different current directions, the field-weakening winding can either increase the output torque by magnetizing or increase the rotational speed by weakening the magnetization, thus adjusting different operating modes. This makes it suitable for the performance requirements of hybrid power vehicles (such as ships) in different scenarios, increasing the applicability of the gear motor. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings are intended only to illustrate and explain the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0029] in:

[0030] Figure 1 : This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the alternating pole magnetic gear motor of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 : This is an exploded view of the alternating pole magnetic gear motor of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit synthesis principle of the alternating pole gear motor of the present invention in the magnetization state.

[0033] Figure 4 : This is a magnetic circuit diagram of the alternating pole gear motor of the present invention in the magnetization state.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit synthesis principle of the alternating pole gear motor of the present invention under a weak magnetic state.

[0035] Figure 6 : This is a magnetic circuit diagram of the alternating pole gear motor of the present invention in a weak magnetic state.

[0036] Figure 7 : This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the alternating pole magnetic gear motor of the present invention in its working state.

[0037] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of this invention are:

[0038] 1. Outer stator; 101. Groove;

[0039] 102. Receptacle cavity; 2. External rotor;

[0040] 3. Inner rotor; 301. First rotor section;

[0041] 3011, First magnet; 3012, First magnetically conductive block;

[0042] 302. Second rotor section; 3021. Second magnet;

[0043] 3022, Second magnetic conductor block; 303, First magnetic weakening winding magnetic circuit;

[0044] 304. First permanent magnet magnetic circuit; 305. First composite magnetic circuit;

[0045] 306. Second weakening magnetic winding magnetic circuit; 307. Second permanent magnet magnetic circuit;

[0046] 308. Second composite magnetic circuit; 4. Distributed winding;

[0047] 5. Weakening winding; 6. Internal combustion engine;

[0048] 7. Speed ​​divider; 8. Fuel tank;

[0049] 9. Inverter; 10. Battery pack;

[0050] 11. Input shaft; 12. Output shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an alternating pole gear motor, which includes an outer stator 1, an outer rotor 2, and an inner rotor 3. The outer stator 1, outer rotor 2, and inner rotor 3 are all cylindrical structures. The outer stator 1 is fixedly mounted, and a circular distributed winding 4 is arranged circumferentially on its inner wall. A circular weakening winding 5 is arranged circumferentially inside the outer stator 1. The outer rotor 2 is rotatably mounted on the outside of the outer stator 1, and the inner rotor 3 is rotatably mounted on the outside of the outer rotor 2. The outer stator 1, outer rotor 2, and inner rotor 3 are coaxially arranged. The inner rotor 3 consists of a first rotor segment 301 and a second rotor segment 302 connected axially. Section 301 includes multiple first magnets 3011 and multiple first magnetic blocks 3012, with each first magnetic block 3012 and each first magnet 3011 arranged alternately along the circumference of the inner rotor 3; the second rotor section 302 includes multiple second magnets 3021 and multiple second magnetic blocks 3022, with each second magnetic block 3022 and each second magnet 3021 arranged alternately along the circumference of the inner rotor 3, the magnetization direction of the first magnets 3011 is opposite to that of the second magnets 3021, and each first magnet 3011 and each second magnet 3021 are offset in the axial direction of the inner rotor 3, thereby forming a "Z"-shaped magnetic circuit through the cooperation of the first magnets 3011 and the second magnets 3021.

[0053] This invention comprises an outer stator 1, an outer rotor 2, and an inner rotor 3 to form a magnetic gear motor. A field weakening winding 5 is disposed inside the outer stator 1. The field weakening winding 5 cooperates with the first magnet 3011 and the second magnet 3021 in the inner rotor 3, which have opposite magnetization directions. By passing DC current in different directions into the field weakening winding 5, the main magnetic circuit of the magnetic gear motor can be changed, thereby altering the magnetomotive force of the motor windings and the magnitude of the output torque under the same current density, achieving the purpose of magnetic adjustment. In actual use, by selecting different current directions, the field weakening winding 5 can either increase the output torque by magnetizing or increase the rotational speed by weakening the magnet, thus adjusting different operating modes. It can be used as the output of a ship propulsion system (especially suitable for the propulsion system of hybrid ships) or adapted to the performance requirements of other hybrid vehicles operating in different scenarios.

[0054] Furthermore, the first magnetically conductive block 3012 is formed by stacking and pressing multiple silicon steel sheets with magnetic conductivity; the second magnetically conductive block 3022 is formed by stacking and pressing multiple silicon steel sheets with magnetic conductivity.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, a groove 101 is provided on the inner wall of the outer stator 1 along the circumference of the outer stator 1. The distributed winding 4 is fixedly installed in the groove 101. The groove 101 ensures that the distributed winding 4 is stably installed between the outer stator 1 and the outer rotor 2.

[0056] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, an annular cavity 102 is formed in the middle of the outer stator 1 along the circumference of the outer stator 1. The field weakening winding 5 is fixedly installed in the cavity 102. The field weakening winding 5 can be supplied with DC current in different directions to change the main magnetic circuit of the gear motor, thereby changing the magnetomotive force of the motor winding and the magnitude of the output torque under the same current density.

[0057] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the outer rotor 2 includes multiple magnetic adjustment blocks. The magnetic adjustment blocks are elongated strip structures extending along the axial direction of the inner rotor 3. Each magnetic adjustment block is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the inner rotor 3, and the interval between each pair of adjacent magnetic adjustment blocks is the same.

[0058] Furthermore, the magnetic adjustment blocks are all formed by stacking and pressing multiple silicon steel sheets with magnetic conductivity.

[0059] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the number of adjusting blocks satisfies the following relationship:

[0060] P i +P s =Q;

[0061] Where: P i P represents the number of pole pairs of each first magnet 3011 and each second magnet 3021 on the inner rotor 3; s Q is the number of pole pairs of the distributed winding 4 on the outer stator 1; Q is the number of adjusting magnetic blocks on the outer rotor 2.

[0062] Furthermore, the number of adjusting blocks also satisfies the following relationship:

[0063] 60f=QΩ0-P i Ω i ;

[0064] Where: f is the frequency of the AC current supplied to the distributed winding 4 in the outer stator 1; Q is the number of adjusting magnetic blocks on the outer rotor 2; Ω0 is the rotational speed of the outer rotor 2; P iΩ represents the number of pole pairs of each first magnet 3011 and each second magnet 3021 on the inner rotor 3; i The rotational speed of the inner rotor 3.

[0065] During the invention process, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, when the direction of the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the field weakening winding 5 is the same as the direction from the first magnet 3011 to the second magnet 3021 on the inner rotor 3, the field weakening winding 5 has a magnetizing effect. The magnetic circuit 303 of the first field weakening winding and the magnetic circuit 304 of the first permanent magnet are superimposed to form a ring-shaped first composite magnetic circuit 305. The first composite magnetic circuit 305 is perpendicular to the axis of the field weakening winding 5. At this time, the total magnetic reluctance on the first composite magnetic circuit 305 is the minimum, and the magnetomotive force generated by the first magnet 3011 and the second magnet 3021 on the distributed winding 4 is the maximum, thereby generating the maximum torque.

[0066] During the invention process, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, when the direction of the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the field weakening winding 5 is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field from the first magnet 3011 to the second magnet 3021 on the inner rotor 3, the field weakening winding 5 has a field weakening effect. The magnetic circuit 306 of the second field weakening winding and the magnetic circuit 307 of the second permanent magnet are superimposed to form a ring-shaped second composite magnetic circuit 308. The second composite magnetic circuit 308 is parallel to the axis of the field weakening winding 5. At this time, the total magnetic reluctance on the second composite magnetic circuit 308 is the largest, and the magnetomotive force generated by the first magnet 3011 and the second magnet 3021 on the distributed winding 4 is the smallest, thus generating the smallest torque.

[0067] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 7 As shown, the inner rotor 3 is connected to the internal combustion engine 6 located outside the magnetic gear motor via the input shaft 11. The internal combustion engine 6 is connected to the fuel tank 8, which provides energy to the internal combustion engine 6. The inner rotor 3 is connected to the speed divider 7 located outside the magnetic gear motor via the output shaft 12. The distributed winding 4 on the outer stator 1 is connected to the current output terminal of the inverter 9 located outside the magnetic gear motor via a transmission line. The current input terminal of the inverter 9 is connected to the power supply terminal of the battery pack 10. The power supply terminal of the battery pack 10 is also connected to the field weakening winding 5 inside the outer stator 1 via a transmission line. During operation, efficient energy conversion between the internal combustion engine 6, the battery pack 10, and the speed divider 7 can be achieved. The torque of the alternating pole magnetic gear motor of the present invention is affected by the electromagnetic force of the distributed winding 4 and can be adjusted by the field weakening winding 5, providing multiple different operating modes, and is particularly suitable for the propulsion system of hybrid power ships.

[0068] The alternating pole magnetic gear motor of the present invention has dual mechanical ports (for the inner rotor 3 to be connected to the internal combustion engine 6 and the speed divider 7 respectively) and dual electrical ports (for the battery pack 10 to be connected to the distributed winding 4 and the field weakening winding 5 respectively). It can simultaneously connect the internal combustion engine 6, the speed divider 7 of the hybrid vehicle, and the battery pack 10 to realize energy conversion between these three. In addition, the alternating pole magnetic gear motor of the present invention has a variety of different working modes, which can be adapted to the performance requirements of hybrid vehicles in different scenarios.

[0069] Specifically, the operating modes of the alternating pole gear motor of the present invention include:

[0070] I. Pure Electric Operating Mode: In this operating mode, the internal combustion engine 6 is kept stationary (locked by a clutch). The current flowing into the distributed winding 4 of the outer stator 1 is controlled according to the required power during operation, as given by the formula: 60f = QΩ0 - P i Ω i It can be seen that the condition satisfied between the frequency f of the current flowing through the distributed winding 4 and the rotational speed Ω0 of the outer rotor 2 is:

[0071] 60f=QΩ0;

[0072] Where: f is the frequency of the AC current supplied to the distributed winding 4 in the outer stator 1; Q is the number of adjusting magnetic blocks in the outer rotor 2; Ω0 is the rotational speed of the outer rotor 2.

[0073] In this operating mode, the rotational speed Ω of the inner rotor 3 i The value is 0; the energy is entirely provided by the battery pack 10, which in turn drives the internal rotor 3 and the output shaft 12 to rotate, and the internal combustion engine 6 does not participate in the energy conversion.

[0074] II. Pure Mechanical Operating Mode: In this operating mode, direct current is applied to the distributed winding 4 on the outer stator 1 to establish a magnetic field with an electrical frequency of 0; according to the formula: 60f=QΩ0-P i Ω i It can be seen that the speed ratio between the inner rotor 3 and the outer rotor 2 satisfies the following condition:

[0075] Ω0 / Ω i =P i / Q;

[0076] Where: Q is the number of adjusting magnetic blocks on the outer rotor 2; Ω0 is the rotational speed of the outer rotor 2; P i Ω represents the number of pole pairs of each first magnet 3011 and each second magnet 3021 on the inner rotor 3; i The rotational speed of the inner rotor 3.

[0077] In this operating mode, the frequency f of the current flowing through the distributed winding 4 is 0; the internal combustion engine 6 is connected to the inner rotor 3 and rotates. Through the magnetic gear effect, the inner rotor 3 drives the outer rotor 2 to rotate. There is no energy conversion in the distributed winding 4, and the energy is only provided by the internal combustion engine 6.

[0078] III. Hybrid Power Operation Mode: In this operation mode, alternating current is supplied to the distributed winding 4 on the outer stator 1, while the internal combustion engine 6 is controlled to operate within its high-efficiency range. The battery pack 10 and the internal combustion engine 6 simultaneously provide energy, thereby driving the inner rotor 3 and the output shaft 12 to rotate. At this time, the current frequency f supplied to the distributed winding 4 satisfies the following condition:

[0079] 60f=QΩ0-P i Ω i ;

[0080] Where: f is the frequency of the AC current supplied to the distributed winding 4 in the outer stator 1; Q is the number of adjusting magnetic blocks on the outer rotor 2; Ω0 is the rotational speed of the outer rotor 2; P i Ω represents the number of pole pairs of each first magnet 3011 and each second magnet 3021 on the inner rotor 3; i The rotational speed of the inner rotor 3.

[0081] IV. Maximum Power Operation Mode: In this operating mode, the operating conditions of the outer stator 1, outer rotor 2, and inner rotor 3 are the same as those in the hybrid power operating mode described above. Direct current is supplied to the field weakening winding 5 of the outer stator 1, and the direction of the magnetic field generated by the current supplied to the field weakening winding 5 is the same as the direction from the first magnet 3011 to the second magnet 3021 on the inner rotor 3. Then the field weakening winding 5 has a magnetizing effect, the output torque increases, and the output power of the gear motor is further increased.

[0082] V. Field Weakening Speed ​​Increase Working Mode: In this working mode, the working conditions of the outer stator 1, outer rotor 2 and inner rotor 3 are the same as those of the hybrid power working mode described above. Direct current is passed into the field weakening winding 5 of the outer stator 1, and the direction of the magnetic field generated by the current passing into the field weakening winding 5 is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field from the first magnet 3011 to the second magnet 3021 on the inner rotor 3. Then the field weakening winding 5 has a field weakening effect, the output torque decreases, and the speed of the inner rotor 3 and the output shaft 12 increases while the output power remains unchanged, thus achieving the effect of field weakening speed increase.

[0083] VI. Regenerative Braking Mode: In this mode, the internal combustion engine 6 is kept stationary (locked by the clutch), and the inner rotor 3 is stationary. Alternating current is supplied to the distributed winding 4 on the outer stator 1. The electromagnetic torque generated by the distributed winding 4 on the outer stator 1 is opposite to the rotation direction of the output shaft 12. The alternating current in the distributed winding 4 can be rectified by the inverter 9 to charge the battery pack 10.

[0084] This invention selects different operating modes according to the implementation requirements, and can be applied to marine hybrid propulsion systems with high performance and high power density requirements.

[0085] The features and advantages of the alternating pole gear motor of the present invention are as follows:

[0086] I. This alternating pole magnetic gear motor can change the main magnetic circuit of the magnetic gear motor by passing DC current in different directions into the field weakening winding 5, thereby changing the magnetomotive force of the motor winding and the magnitude of the output torque under the same current density, achieving the purpose of magnetic adjustment. The field weakening winding 5 can play the role of increasing the magnetic field to improve the output torque or weakening the magnetic field to increase the speed, thereby adjusting different working modes, further increasing the efficient operating speed range of the propulsion system, and meeting the performance requirements of various vehicles in different scenarios.

[0087] Second, this alternating pole magnetic gear motor can decouple the torque and speed between the speed divider 7 and the internal combustion engine 6, and can realize the power conversion between the internal combustion engine 6, the battery pack 10 and the speed divider 7. It has a compact structure and high integration, which greatly reduces the size of the hybrid propulsion system.

[0088] Third, in this alternating pole magnetic gear motor, the outer stator 1, outer rotor 2 and inner rotor 3 are driven by electromagnetic force. There is no direct contact or friction between the three, which avoids the mechanical damage problem of traditional mechanical gearboxes. This can effectively extend the service life of the motor and improve its reliability. It is suitable for long-term operation in marine propulsion systems and can effectively reduce the maintenance frequency of the motor.

[0089] The above description is merely an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An alternating-pole magnetic gear motor, characterized by, The alternating-pole magnetic gear motor comprises: an outer stator fixedly arranged, an inner wall of the outer stator being provided with a ring-shaped distributed winding along a circumferential direction of the outer stator, an inside of the outer stator being provided with a ring-shaped field-weakening winding along the circumferential direction of the outer stator; an outer rotor rotatably sleeved on an inner side of the outer stator; an inner rotor rotatably sleeved on an inner side of the outer rotor, the inner rotor being composed of a first rotor segment and a second rotor segment connected along an axial direction of the inner rotor, the first rotor segment comprising a plurality of first magnetic steels and a plurality of first magnetic conductive blocks, each of the first magnetic conductive blocks and each of the first magnetic steels being alternately arranged along a circumferential direction of the inner rotor, the second rotor segment comprising a plurality of second magnetic steels and a plurality of second magnetic conductive blocks, each of the second magnetic conductive blocks and each of the second magnetic steels being alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner rotor, a magnetization direction of the first magnetic steels being opposite to a magnetization direction of the second magnetic steels, and each of the first magnetic steels and each of the second magnetic steels being staggered in the axial direction of the inner rotor; when a direction of a magnetic field generated by the field-weakening winding when current is passed through the field-weakening winding is the same as a direction from the first magnetic steels to the second magnetic steels on the inner rotor, a first field-weakening winding magnetic circuit generated by the field-weakening winding and a first permanent magnetic circuit generated by the inner rotor are superposed to form a ring-shaped first combined magnetic circuit, the first combined magnetic circuit being perpendicular to an axial direction of the field-weakening winding, a total magnetic resistance on the first combined magnetic circuit being minimum, a maximum magnetic motive force being generated by the first magnetic steels and the second magnetic steels on the distributed winding, and the field-weakening winding having a magnetic boosting effect; when the direction of the magnetic field generated by the field-weakening winding when the current is passed through the field-weakening winding is opposite to the direction from the first magnetic steels to the second magnetic steels on the inner rotor, a second field-weakening winding magnetic circuit generated by the field-weakening winding and a second permanent magnetic circuit generated by the inner rotor are superposed to form a ring-shaped second combined magnetic circuit, the second combined magnetic circuit being parallel to the axial direction of the field-weakening winding, a total magnetic resistance on the second combined magnetic circuit being maximum, a minimum magnetic motive force being generated by the first magnetic steels and the second magnetic steels on the distributed winding, and the field-weakening winding having a field-weakening effect.

2. The alternating pole magnetic gear motor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first magnetic conductive blocks and the second magnetic conductive blocks are each formed by laminating and pressing a plurality of silicon steel sheets having a magnetic conductive property.

3. The alternating pole magnetic gear motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein The outer stator, the outer rotor and the inner rotor are each a cylindrical structure, and the outer stator, the outer rotor and the inner rotor are coaxially arranged.

4. The alternating pole magnetic gear motor as set forth in claim 3, wherein A groove is formed on the inner wall of the outer stator along the circumferential direction of the outer stator, and the distributed winding is arranged in the groove.

5. The alternating pole magnetic gear motor as set forth in claim 3, wherein A ring-shaped accommodating cavity is formed at a middle position in the inside of the outer stator along the circumferential direction of the outer stator, and the field-weakening winding is arranged in the accommodating cavity.

6. The alternating pole magnetic gear motor as set forth in claim 3, wherein The outer rotor comprises a plurality of magnetic adjusting blocks, the magnetic adjusting blocks being long strip-shaped structures extending along the axial direction of the inner rotor, and each of the magnetic adjusting blocks being spacedly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner rotor. The magnetic adjusting blocks are each formed by laminating and pressing a plurality of silicon steel sheets having a magnetic conductive property.

7. An alternating pole magnetic gear motor as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that The number of the magnetic adjusting blocks satisfies the following relationship: P i + P s = Q ； wherein: P i is the number of pole pairs of each first magnetic steel and each second magnetic steel on the inner rotor; P s is the number of pole pairs of the distributed winding on the outer stator; Q is the number of flux modulation blocks on the outer rotor.

8. An alternating pole magnetic gear motor according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that, The number of the magnetic adjusting blocks satisfies the following relationship: 60 f = Q Ω 0 - P i Ω i ; Wherein: f is the frequency of the AC power supplied to the distributed windings in the outer stator; Q is the number of magnetizing blocks on the outer rotor; Ω 0 is the rotational speed of the outer rotor; P i is the number of pole pairs of each first magnetic steel and each second magnetic steel on the inner rotor; Ω i is the rotational speed of the inner rotor.

9. The alternating pole magnetic gear motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein, The inner rotor is connected with the internal combustion engine through an input rotating shaft, and connected with a speed divider through an output shaft; the distributed winding on the outer stator is connected with a current output end of an inverter through a power transmission line; a current input end of the inverter is connected with a power supply end of a battery pack; and the power supply end of the battery pack is also connected with the field weakening winding in the outer stator through a power transmission line.

10. The alternating pole magnetic gear motor as set forth in claim 9, wherein, The internal combustion engine is connected with an oil tank.

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