Derrick structure and installation method suitable for super single-root operation

Abstract

The present invention provides a derrick structure and installation method suitable for super single-root operation, including a derrick body that can be installed on a carrier, the derrick body including a derrick lower body and a derrick upper body slidably arranged in the derrick lower body, a telescopic assembly for pushing the derrick upper body to slide is arranged between the derrick lower body and the derrick upper body, a hinge seat is arranged at the bottom end of the derrick lower body, which is hinged to the ear plate on the top of the drilling platform through a pin shaft, the thickness of the connecting end between the hinge seat and the derrick lower body is adjustable, and a cylinder ear seat for connecting to the movable end of the oil cylinder on the carrier that pushes the derrick lower body to lift is arranged on the derrick lower body. The present invention solves the problem in the prior art that the performance of the carrier and the road conditions are high for the integrated transportation of the derrick and the drilling platform in order to stabilize the wellhead center, and produces the effects of improving the stability of the wellhead center, achieving the adjustable position of the wellhead center and improving the transfer efficiency of the derrick.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling rig derricks, and in particular to a derrick structure suitable for super single-root operations and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Conventional self-propelled oil drilling and repair rigs are equipped with a mast-shaped derrick, which needs to be tightened by a guy rope. One end of the guy rope is connected to a ground anchor and buried in the well site, and the bottom end of the derrick is hinged on the drilling platform.

[0003] The derrick installation process of existing self-propelled oil drilling and repair rigs is too complicated. In each relocation of the drilling rig, the supporting automation equipment needs to be disassembled and installed, resulting in high disassembly and transportation costs of the drilling rig and low transfer efficiency. In addition, the derrick, which is tightened by the guy rope, is usually installed at a 3° tilt. When the derrick is under load, the elastic deformation of the guy rope will cause the center of the wellhead to deviate, affecting the safe operation of the traveling hoist system.

[0004] To solve the above problems, Chinese patent CN112780177A discloses a semi-trailer integrated transport device for oil drilling rigs and well repairing rigs without guy ropes. The device solves the problem of wellhead center offset by integrating the drilling platform and the derrick on a carrier, jacking up the derrick and installing it upright on the drilling platform. However, to integrate the derrick and the drilling platform on the carrier, it is first necessary to equip a semi-trailer with a large carrying capacity to install the drilling platform and the derrick, and then drive the semi-trailer through a power vehicle. This type of vehicle body has high requirements for roads. In addition, the volume of the drilling platform cannot be designed to be larger, which results in limited installation and working space for automated equipment on the drilling platform, such as iron roughnecks, hydraulic elevators, hydraulic turntables and casing tongs, which is inconvenient to operate. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a derrick structure and installation method suitable for super single-root operations, which solves the problem in the prior art that in order to stabilize the wellhead center and to carry out integrated transportation of the derrick and the drilling platform, high requirements are placed on the vehicle performance and road conditions.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a derrick structure suitable for super single-root operations includes a derrick main body that can be installed on a carrier vehicle, the derrick main body includes a derrick lower body and a derrick upper body slidably arranged in the derrick lower body, a telescopic component for pushing the derrick upper body to slide is arranged between the derrick lower body and the derrick upper body, an articulated seat is arranged at the bottom end of the derrick lower body, which is hinged to the ear plate on the top of the drilling platform through a pin shaft, the thickness of the connecting end between the articulated seat and the derrick lower body is adjustable, and a cylinder ear seat is arranged on the derrick lower body for connecting to the movable end of the cylinder on the carrier vehicle for lifting the derrick lower body.

[0007] Preferably, the articulated seat includes a rear seat and a front seat respectively connected to the rear legs and the front legs of the lower body of the derrick, and the bolts connecting the rear seat and the front seat to the lower body of the derrick are both provided with gaskets, and the rear seat and the front seat are both provided with positioning blocks for fitting with the two side walls of the ear plate on the top of the drilling platform.

[0008] Preferably, the cylinder ear seat is arranged on the lower body of the derrick lower body, and the cylinder ear seat includes a connecting flange for inserting a pin shaft, an open ring is arranged in the middle of the connecting flange, and a conical guide plate is connected to one end of the open ring, and an arc-shaped limit plate is connected to the other end of the open ring, and a connecting ring with an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the limit plate is arranged on the movable end of the cylinder for lifting the lower body of the derrick.

[0009] Preferably, the telescopic component is a telescopic cylinder whose two ends can be simultaneously telescopic, and the telescopic cylinder is arranged between the crossbeams of the lower body of the derrick and the upper body of the derrick, and the crossbeams of the lower body of the derrick and the bottom surface of the overhead travelling crane assembly at the top of the upper body of the derrick are both provided with connecting ear plates connected to the ends of the piston rods of the telescopic cylinders.

[0010] Preferably, the crane assembly includes a crane seat, a pulley block installed on the top of the crane seat and a suspension arm rotatably installed on one end of the crane seat, the rotation axis of the suspension arm is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the derrick upper body, and a plurality of limit holes are arranged on the end of the suspension arm close to the crane seat, which can be connected with the pin holes on the crane seat during the rotation of the suspension arm, and a guide wheel is arranged on the suspension arm.

[0011] Preferably, a support bracket for fixing the traveling carriage top drive is provided in the lower body of the derrick, and the upper body of the derrick is in a "π" shape. The support bracket includes a telescopic frame for supporting the traveling carriage top drive, a locking device provided at the front leg of the lower body of the derrick, and an adjusting arm connected to one end of the telescopic frame. The telescopic frame is in a parallelogram shape, wherein the two inclined sides are telescopic cylinders, both ends of the adjusting arm are hingedly connected, and the locking device is provided with a pin hole which is connected with the pin hole on the traveling carriage top drive after the telescopic frame is fully extended.

[0012] Preferably, lower body guide rails and upper body guide rails are respectively arranged on the opposite inner walls of the derrick lower body and the derrick upper body, and connecting blocks are respectively arranged on the opposite side walls of the traveling carriage top drive, and grooves are respectively provided on the connecting blocks for cooperating with the lower body guide rail and the upper body guide rail.

[0013] Preferably, a riser system is rotatably arranged on the open side surface of the derrick lower body, the rotation axis of the riser system is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the derrick lower body, and the riser system can be rotated into the derrick lower body.

[0014] The installation method of the derrick structure suitable for super single-root operation includes the following steps: Step 1: Fitting, fitting the derrick upper body and the crane assembly installed on the top of the derrick upper body from the top of the derrick lower body into the derrick lower body, and then using the pin shaft to pass through the locking pin device of the derrick lower body and the limiting ear plate on the top of the derrick upper body to fix the derrick upper body in the derrick lower body; Step 2: Assembling, installing the telescopic assembly, the large clamp balancing device and the riser system in the fitting space of the back crossbeams of the derrick upper body and the derrick lower body, the traveling carriage top drive is installed into the fitted derrick main body from the bottom end of the derrick lower body, and is guided by the lower body guide rail and the upper body guide rail, the traveling carriage top drive is moved to the support bracket, the traveling carriage top drive is fixed by pinning through the locking device, and the telescopic frame is adjusted to support the traveling carriage top drive; Step 3: Loading, lift the derrick body installed in step 2 as a whole onto the vehicle or skid-mounted seat, install the front part of the derrick body on the front bracket of the vehicle or skid-mounted seat, and fix the derrick body to the vehicle or skid-mounted seat with J-shaped bolts, install the rear part of the derrick body on the rear bracket of the vehicle or skid-mounted seat, fix the derrick to the vehicle or skid-mounted seat with a pin shaft, place the derrick body as a whole in the working position, and install the lifting cylinder; Step 4: Installation, hinge the rear seat at the rear leg of the lower body of the derrick with the ear plate corresponding to the top of the drilling platform, release the fixed connection between the derrick body and the vehicle or skid-mounted seat, push the derrick body to rotate around the pin shaft at the rear seat by the lifting cylinder, and hinge the front seat at the front leg of the lower body of the derrick with the ear plate corresponding to the top of the drilling platform, thus completing the upright installation of the derrick.

[0015] Preferably, the wellhead center alignment is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of gaskets in the rear seat or the front seat.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. By transporting the derrick body and the drilling platform separately, or setting up the same type of drilling platform at the wellhead, only the derrick is transported, and then the derrick and the drilling platform are docked through the hinged seat to achieve the upright installation of the derrick, thereby improving the efficiency of derrick transportation and the stability of the derrick center.

[0018] 2. By adjusting the height of the articulated seat, the center of the wellhead can be moved in a line, and the center of the derrick can be ensured to be centered according to the load borne by the derrick.

[0019] 3. The open ring in the middle of the connecting flange is connected to the connecting ring on the movable end of the derrick lifting cylinder, the efficiency of the connection is improved by the guide plate, the accuracy of the connection is improved by the arc limit plate, and the efficiency of the lifting step during the derrick installation process is improved.

[0020] 4. The angle of the suspension arm can be adjusted by connecting the different limit holes at the end of the suspension arm with the pin holes on the overhead travelling crane seat through the pin shaft, so that the suspension arm can be used to hoist the auxiliary parts of the derrick at different positions, and the suspension arm can be put into the overhead travelling crane seat during the transfer of the derrick for easy transportation.

[0021] 5. The traveling carriage top drive is fixed and supported by setting a retractable support bracket so that the traveling carriage top drive can be transferred with the derrick. The rotatable riser system is set up, and the riser system is put into the lower body of the derrick during transportation. When working, the riser system is transferred to the outside of the lower body of the derrick. This can avoid the interference between the hose connected to the riser system and the traveling carriage top drive, and can be transferred with the derrick without disassembling the riser system, thereby improving the transfer efficiency of the derrick as a whole.

[0022] 6. The retractable support bracket can not only fix and support the traveling block top drive, but also can shrink the support bracket during the derrick transfer process to avoid interference in the working state, leaving enough working space for the automation equipment on the derrick.

[0023] 7. The lower body guide rail and the upper body guide rail cooperate with the connecting blocks on the opposite side walls of the traveling carriage top drive, and the lower body guide rail and the upper body guide rail serve as anti-torque guide rails of the traveling carriage top drive, thereby improving the stability of the traveling carriage top drive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a front view of the whole derrick in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a side view of the whole derrick in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 3 views of the hinged seat in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a top drive installed in a derrick in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a front view of the lower body of the derrick in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a side view of the lower body of the derrick in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 It is an axial view of the upper body and the lower body of the derrick in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the oil cylinder ear seat in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a front view of the riser system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.10 1 is a side view of a riser system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the derrick when it is fully extended and retracted in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the derrick is extended as a whole in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.13 It is an axial view of the upper and lower bodies of the derrick when they are put together in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.14 1 is a front view of the overhead travelling crane assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.15 1 is a top view of the overhead travelling carriage assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.16 It is a front view of the upper body of the derrick in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.17 It is a front view of the lower body of the derrick in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.18 This is a structural diagram of the first step of the installation step of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Fig.19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second step of the installation steps of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Fig. 20 This is an axial view of the second step of the installation process of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.21 It is a structural schematic diagram of the third step of the installation steps of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Fig. 22 It is a structural schematic diagram of the third step of the installation steps of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In the above drawings: 1. derrick lower body; 11. lower body main body; 12. connecting ear plate; 13. cylinder ear seat; 131. connecting flange; 132. guide plate; 133. limit plate; 14. lower body guide rail; 15. mounting block; 2. derrick upper body; 21. upper body guide rail; 3. hinged seat; 31. rear seat; 32. front seat; 33. gasket; 34. positioning block; 4. telescopic component; 5. overhead crane assembly; 51. pulley block; 52. overhead crane seat; 53. suspension arm; 54. winch pulley; 55. tongs balance guide wheel; 6. traveling block top drive; 7. connecting seat; 8. riser system; 81. rotating bracket; 82. riser manifold; 83. fixed seat; 84. valve group fixing bracket; 9. supporting bracket; 91. telescopic bracket; 92. adjusting arm; 93. locking device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0048] like Figure 1-17 As shown. In order to improve the stability of the wellhead center, the vehicle-mounted derrick is installed upright, and the load of the vehicle is reduced to improve the transfer efficiency of the derrick. The present invention proposes a derrick structure suitable for super single-root operations, including a derrick main body that can be installed on a vehicle, the derrick main body includes a derrick lower body 1 and a derrick upper body 2 slidably arranged in the derrick lower body 1, a telescopic component 4 for pushing the derrick upper body 2 to slide is arranged between the derrick lower body 1 and the derrick upper body 2, an articulated seat 3 is arranged at the bottom end of the derrick lower body 1, which is hinged to the ear plate on the top of the drilling platform through a pin shaft, and the thickness of the connecting end between the articulated seat 3 and the derrick lower body 1 is adjustable, and a cylinder ear seat 13 for connecting to the movable end of the cylinder on the vehicle that pushes the derrick lower body 1 to lift is arranged on the derrick lower body 1.

[0049] The derrick body is transported to the well site by a carrier vehicle, and the hinged seat 3 at the bottom of the derrick lower body 1 is docked with the ear plate on the top of the drilling platform and connected by a pin shaft. In this way, when the derrick lower body 1 is lifted by the lifting cylinder, the derrick lower body 1 rotates around the pin shaft, so that the hinged seat 3 at the bottom of the derrick lower body 1 that is not docked is docked with the remaining ear plate on the top of the drilling platform, and then connected by the pin shaft, finally realizing the upright installation of the entire derrick; the lifting cylinder of the derrick is rotatably installed on the carrier vehicle.

[0050] The derrick lower body 1 includes a lower body main body 11, and a locking pin device is installed at the top of the lower body main body 11. The locking pin device can not only be connected to the crown block assembly 5 at the top of the derrick upper body 2 through a pin shaft, but also be connected to the bottom end of the derrick upper body 2 through a pin shaft, so as to achieve the fixation of the derrick upper body 2 in the transportation state and the working state; the back of the derrick lower body 1 is configured as a door-type truss structure suitable for a track-type or folding iron roughneck, and the truss structure reserves space for the operation of the iron roughneck.

[0051] like Figure 1-3As shown, it is convenient to adjust the position of the wellhead center. The articulated seat 3 includes a rear seat 31 and a front seat 32 respectively connected to the rear legs and the front legs of the derrick lower body 1. The bolts connecting the rear seat 31 and the front seat 32 to the derrick lower body 1 are sleeved with gaskets 33. The rear seat 31 and the front seat 32 are provided with positioning blocks 34 for fitting with the two side walls of the ear plate on the top of the drilling platform. The rear seat 31 and the front seat 32 are arranged in pairs. When installing the derrick body, the rear seat 31 is first docked with the two ear plates on the top of the drilling platform and connected by a pin shaft. After the derrick body is lifted by the lifting cylinder, the front seat 32 will automatically dock with the remaining two ear plates on the top of the drilling platform, and finally the pin shaft is connected, that is, the connection between the derrick body and the drilling platform is completed. The positioning block 34 is two parallel plates, and the spacing between the two plates is equal to the thickness of the ear plate on the drilling platform. The gasket 33 is sleeved on the bolt, usually three pieces are sleeved. When the wellhead center needs to be adjusted, the number of gaskets 33 in the rear seat 31 or the front seat 32 is increased, and the number of gaskets 33 in the front seat 32 or the rear seat 31 is reduced. In this way, the wellhead center can move linearly, and the open side wall of the derrick body is located in the moving direction of the wellhead center, which can effectively prevent the derrick body from tilting lateraly.

[0052] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown. The cylinder lug seat 13 is arranged on the lower body 11 of the derrick lower body 1, and the cylinder lug seat 13 includes a connecting flange 131 for inserting a pin shaft, an open ring is arranged in the middle of the connecting flange 131, and a conical guide plate 132 is connected to one end of the open ring, and an arc-shaped limit plate 133 is connected to the other end of the open ring. A connecting ring with an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the limit plate 133 is arranged on the movable end of the lifting cylinder of the derrick lower body 1. A connecting seat 7 is arranged on the crossbeam of the derrick lower body 1, and the connecting lug plate 12 for connecting the telescopic cylinder and the cylinder lug seat 13 for connecting the lifting cylinder are integrated on the connecting seat 7. When the derrick body is lifted, the cylinder ear seat 13 is connected to the movable end of the lifting cylinder. After the derrick body is fixed, the pin connecting the cylinder ear seat 13 and the movable end of the lifting cylinder can be removed, so that the carrier is completely separated from the drilling rig, which not only leaves more space for the drilling rig, but also reduces the load on the bottom surface of the drilling platform. When the derrick body is transferred, the movable end of the lifting cylinder is extended, and the connecting ring on the movable end of the lifting cylinder is guided by the conical guide plate 132, so that the outer peripheral surface of the connecting ring can fit with the inner wall of the limit plate 133, and the connecting ring is coaxial with the connecting flange 131. After being connected by the pin, the derrick body can be put back on the carrier again. Of course, the tail end of the conical guide plate 132 is in the form of an opening, and the width of the opening is equal to the thickness of the connecting ring.

[0053] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the telescopic assembly 4 is a telescopic oil cylinder with two ends that can be telescoped at the same time. The telescopic oil cylinder is arranged between the crossbeams of the lower body 1 of the derrick and the upper body 2 of the derrick. The crossbeams of the lower body 1 of the derrick and the bottom surface of the overhead crane assembly 5 at the top of the upper body 2 of the derrick are both provided with connecting ear plates 12 connected to the ends of the piston rods of the telescopic oil cylinders. The piston rods at both ends of the telescopic oil cylinder can be telescoped at the same time. In this way, the piston rod at the bottom can lift the cylinder barrel of the telescopic oil cylinder and lift the upper body 2 of the derrick at the same time. The piston rod at the top directly lifts the upper body 2 of the derrick. The telescopic oil cylinder that was originally provided with a piston rod at only one end is set to a telescopic oil cylinder with piston rods at both ends, which reduces the length of a single piston rod, thereby improving the stability of the telescopic assembly 4 and avoiding bending or breaking of the piston rod when subjected to radial load due to excessive length.

[0054] like Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown. The crane assembly 5 includes a crane seat 52, a pulley block 51 installed on the top of the crane seat 52, and a suspension arm 53 rotatably installed at one end of the crane seat 52. The rotation axis of the suspension arm 53 is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the derrick upper body 2, and a plurality of limiting holes are arranged on the end of the suspension arm 53 close to the crane seat 52, which can be connected with the pin holes on the crane seat 52 during the rotation of the suspension arm 53. A guide wheel is arranged on the suspension arm 53. After the derrick body is vertically installed and fixed, the suspension arm 53 can be driven to rotate by a motor. Four limiting holes are opened on the rotating end of the suspension arm 53, such as Fig.15 As shown, the figure shows three states of the suspension arm 53, which are respectively rotated to the back, side wall and rear of the derrick body. Each position can be fixed by a pin shaft. A guide wheel is arranged on the suspension arm 53, so that the suspension arm 53 can hoist the auxiliary components in different directions and positions of the derrick body, and suspend the casing clamp. Similarly, when the derrick body is transported, the suspension arm 53 can be retracted into the derrick body. Winch pulleys 54 are arranged at both ends of the top of the crane seat 52, and the winch pulleys 54 are used as pulleys for pulling ropes on the hydraulic winch; large clamp balance guide wheels 55 are arranged at both ends of the bottom of the crane seat 52, which are also used as guide wheels.

[0055] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, in order to improve the transfer efficiency of the main body of the derrick, a support bracket 9 for fixing the traveling carriage top drive 6 is arranged in the lower body 1 of the derrick, and the upper body 2 of the derrick is in a "π" shape. The support bracket 9 includes a telescopic frame 91 for supporting the traveling carriage top drive 6, a locking device 93 arranged at the front leg of the lower body 1 of the derrick, and an adjusting arm 92 connected to one end of the telescopic frame 91. The telescopic frame 91 is in a parallelogram shape, wherein the two inclined sides are telescopic oil cylinders, and both ends of the adjusting arm 92 are hingedly connected, and a pin hole is arranged on the locking device 93, which is connected with the pin hole on the traveling carriage top drive 6 after the telescopic frame 91 is fully extended. When the π-shaped upper body 2 of the derrick is inside the lower body 1 of the derrick, it will not interfere with the support bracket 9 fixed on the inner wall of the lower body 1 of the derrick. The traveler top drive 6 is fixed by the pin hole on the locking device 93 installed on the lower body 1 of the derrick in cooperation with the pin shaft. The pin shaft can be hydraulically driven or pneumatically driven. After the traveler top drive 6 is fixed, it is connected to the traveler top drive 6 through the telescopic frame 91 to support and fix the traveler top drive 6. Similarly, the telescopic frame 91 can be provided with a pin hole or a connecting shaft that matches the pin hole on the traveler top drive 6. When the derrick body is transported, the traveler top drive 6 is fixed. After the derrick body is installed, the connection structure is removed and the work can be carried out, so that the traveler top drive 6 does not need to be disassembled and transported separately when the derrick body is transferred, thereby improving the transfer efficiency of the drilling rig.

[0056] like Fig.13 As shown, in order to improve the stability of the movement of the traveling carriage top drive 6, the lower body guide rail 14 and the upper body guide rail 21 are respectively arranged on the opposite inner walls of the derrick lower body 1 and the derrick upper body 2, and the opposite side walls of the traveling carriage top drive 6 are both provided with connecting blocks, and the connecting blocks are provided with grooves respectively matched with the lower body guide rail 14 and the upper body guide rail 21. After the derrick upper body 2 extends out of the derrick lower body 1, the movement of the traveling carriage top drive 6 can still be limited by the grooves matched between the connecting block and the lower body guide rail 14 and the upper body guide rail 21, so as to maintain the stable movement of the traveling carriage top drive 6.

[0057] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown. A riser system 8 is rotatably arranged on the open side of the derrick lower body 1, and the rotation axis of the riser system 8 is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the derrick lower body 1, and the riser system 8 can be rotated into the derrick lower body 1. The riser system 8 is rotatably arranged on the derrick lower body 1, and when the derrick lower body 1 is transported, the riser system 8 is rotated to the inside of the derrick lower body 1, which not only protects the riser system 8, but also avoids overrunning during equipment transportation; when the derrick lower body 1 is working, the riser system 8 is rotated to the outside of the derrick lower body 1, avoiding interference between the water hose connected to the riser system 8 and the traveling carriage top drive 6. The riser system 8 includes a rotating bracket 81 connected to the front leg of the derrick lower body 1, a riser manifold 82 connected to the movable end of the rotating bracket 81, and a valve group fixing bracket 84 connected to the bottom end of the riser manifold 82. The valve group fixing bracket 84 is used to install a valve group for controlling the on-off of the riser manifold 82. A fixing seat 83 is provided on the riser manifold 82. The fixing seat 83 is similar to a flange and realizes the connection of the pipelines in the riser manifold 82.

[0058] like Figure 18-22 As shown. The installation method of the derrick structure suitable for super single-root operation includes the following steps: Step 1: Fitting, fitting the derrick upper body 2 and the overhead crane assembly 5 installed on the top of the derrick upper body 2 from the top of the derrick lower body 1 into the derrick lower body 1, and then use the pin shaft to pass through the locking pin device of the derrick lower body 1 and the limiting ear plate on the top of the derrick upper body 2 to fix the derrick upper body 2 in the derrick lower body 1; Step 2: Assembling, in the fitting space of the back crossbeams of the derrick upper body 2 and the derrick lower body 1, install the telescopic assembly 4, the tongs balancing device and the riser system, the traveling carriage top drive 6 is installed into the fitted derrick main body from the bottom end of the derrick lower body 1, and is guided by the lower body guide rail 14 and the upper body guide rail 21, the traveling carriage top drive 6 moves to the support bracket 9, and the traveling carriage top drive 6 is fixed by the locking device 93, and the telescopic frame 91 is adjusted to support the traveling carriage top drive 6; Step 3: Loading, lift the derrick body installed in step 2 onto the vehicle or skid mount as a whole, install the front part of the derrick body on the front bracket of the vehicle or skid mount, and fix the derrick body to the vehicle or skid mount with J-shaped bolts, install the rear part of the derrick body on the rear bracket of the vehicle or skid mount, fix the derrick to the vehicle or skid mount with a pin, place the derrick body as a whole in the working position, and install the lifting cylinder; Step 4: Installation, hinge the rear seat 31 at the rear leg of the derrick lower body 1 with the ear plate corresponding to the top of the drilling platform, release the fixed connection between the derrick body and the vehicle or skid mount, push the derrick body to rotate around the pin at the rear seat 31 through the lifting cylinder, and hinge the front seat 32 at the front leg of the derrick lower body 1 with the ear plate corresponding to the top of the drilling platform, thus completing the upright installation of the derrick.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wellhead center alignment is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of gaskets in the rear seat 31 or the front seat 32 .

Claims

1. A derrick structure suitable for super single-root operation, characterized by: The invention comprises a derrick body which can be installed on a vehicle, the derrick body comprising a derrick lower body (1) and a derrick upper body (2) slidably arranged in the derrick lower body (1), a telescopic assembly (4) for pushing the derrick upper body (2) to slide is arranged between the derrick lower body (1) and the derrick upper body (2), a hinge seat (3) is arranged at the bottom end of the derrick lower body (1) and is hinged to an ear plate at the top of the drilling platform through a pin shaft, the thickness of the connection end between the hinge seat (3) and the derrick lower body (1) is adjustable, and a cylinder ear seat (13) is arranged on the derrick lower body (1) and is used to connect to the movable end of an oil cylinder on the vehicle for pushing the derrick lower body (1) to lift; The oil cylinder lug (13) is arranged on the lower body (11) of the derrick lower body (1), and the oil cylinder lug (13) comprises a connecting flange (131) for inserting a pin shaft, an open ring is arranged in the middle of the connecting flange (131), and a conical guide plate (132) is connected to one end of the open ring, and an arc-shaped limit plate (133) is connected to the other end of the open ring, and a connecting ring with an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the limit plate (133) is arranged on the movable end of the oil cylinder for lifting the derrick lower body (1); The telescopic assembly (4) is a telescopic oil cylinder with both ends being simultaneously telescopic, the telescopic oil cylinder being arranged between the cross beams of the derrick lower body (1) and the derrick upper body (2), and the cross beams of the derrick lower body (1) and the bottom surface of the overhead travelling crane assembly (5) at the top of the derrick upper body (2) are both provided with connecting ear plates (12) connected to the ends of the telescopic oil cylinder piston rods; The crane assembly (5) comprises a crane seat (52), a pulley block (51) mounted on the top of the crane seat (52), and a suspension arm (53) rotatably mounted on one end of the crane seat (52), wherein the rotation axis of the suspension arm (53) is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the derrick upper body (2), and a plurality of limiting holes are arranged on one end of the suspension arm (53) close to the crane seat (52), which can be connected with the pin holes on the crane seat (52) during the rotation of the suspension arm (53), and a guide wheel is arranged on the suspension arm (53); A support bracket (9) for fixing a traveling carriage top drive (6) is arranged in the lower body (1) of the derrick, the upper body (2) of the derrick is in a "π" shape, the support bracket (9) comprises a telescopic frame (91) for supporting the traveling carriage top drive (6), a locking device (93) arranged at the front leg of the lower body (1) of the derrick, and an adjusting arm (92) connected to one end of the telescopic frame (91), the telescopic frame (91) is in a parallelogram shape, wherein two inclined sides are telescopic cylinders, both ends of the adjusting arm (92) are hingedly connected, and a pin hole is arranged on the locking device (93) for communicating with a pin hole on the traveling carriage top drive (6) when the telescopic frame (91) is fully extended; The lower body guide rail (14) and the upper body guide rail (21) are respectively arranged on the opposite inner walls of the derrick lower body (1) and the derrick upper body (2), and the opposite side walls of the traveling carriage top drive (6) are both provided with connecting blocks, and the connecting blocks are provided with grooves respectively matched with the lower body guide rail (14) and the upper body guide rail (21); A riser pipe system (8) is rotatably arranged on the open side of the derrick lower body (1); the rotation axis of the riser pipe system (8) is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the derrick lower body (1); and the riser pipe system (8) can be rotated into the derrick lower body (1).

2. The derrick structure suitable for super single-root operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hinged seat (3) comprises a rear seat (31) and a front seat (32) respectively connected to the rear legs and the front legs of the derrick lower body (1); the bolts connecting the rear seat (31) and the front seat (32) to the derrick lower body (1) are sleeved with gaskets (33); and the rear seat (31) and the front seat (32) are provided with positioning blocks (34) for fitting with the two side walls of the ear plate on the top of the drilling platform.

3. A method for installing a derrick structure suitable for super single-root operation, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Fitting the derrick upper body (2) and the overhead crane assembly (5) installed on the top of the derrick upper body (2) from the top of the derrick lower body (1) into the derrick lower body (1), and then using a pin shaft to pass through the locking pin device of the derrick lower body (1) and the limiting ear plate on the top of the derrick upper body (2), so as to fix the derrick upper body (2) in the derrick lower body (1); Step 2: Assembling, in the space between the back crossbeams of the derrick upper body (2) and the derrick lower body (1), the telescopic assembly (4), the tong balancing device and the riser system are installed, the traveling carriage top drive (6) is installed into the derrick main body after being sheathed from the bottom end of the derrick lower body (1), and is guided by the lower body guide rail (14) and the upper body guide rail (21), the traveling carriage top drive (6) is moved to the support bracket (9), the traveling carriage top drive (6) is fixed by pinning through the locking device (93), and the telescopic frame (91) is adjusted to support the traveling carriage top drive (6); Step 3: Loading, hoist the derrick body installed in step 2 onto the vehicle or skid, install the front part of the derrick body on the front bracket of the vehicle or skid, and fix the derrick body to the vehicle or skid with J-shaped bolts, install the rear part of the derrick body on the rear bracket of the vehicle or skid, fix the derrick to the vehicle or skid with pins, place the derrick body in the working position, and install the lifting cylinder; Step 4: Installation: hinge the rear seat (31) at the rear leg of the derrick lower body (1) with the ear plate corresponding to the top of the drilling platform, release the fixed connection between the derrick body and the vehicle or skid-mounted seat, push the derrick body to rotate around the pin at the rear seat (31) through the lifting cylinder, and hinge the front seat (32) at the front leg of the derrick lower body (1) with the ear plate corresponding to the top of the drilling platform, thus completing the upright installation of the derrick.

4. The installation method of the derrick structure suitable for super single-root operation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The wellhead center alignment is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of gaskets in the rear seat (31) or the front seat (32).

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