Shield tunneling equipment with balanced air pressure and temperature in the mud and water tank

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of shield tunneling equipment and methods for regulating the pressure of a mud and water bunker to achieve balanced air pressure and temperature within the bunker, and more particularly, to shield tunneling equipment with balanced air pressure and temperature within the bunker. This device aims to address the difficulty in regulating pressure imbalance within the bunker of shield tunneling equipment with balanced air pressure and temperature within the bunker in the prior art, while also effectively preventing and controlling mud cake formation on the shield cutterhead. The present invention includes a liquid level sensor, representing high and low limit liquid levels, mounted within the front bulkhead of the shield body. The liquid level sensor is connected to a control device, the output of which is connected to a valve to control the opening of a pressurization or decompression airway. At least two temperature sensors are mounted on at least one spoke on the back of the cutterhead, each connected to the input of the control device. The output of the control device is provided with a display screen to output data from the temperature sensors. Advantageously, shield tunneling equipment with balanced air pressure and temperature within the bunker utilizes feedback from detection to form a closed-loop operation, resulting in rapid response and high regulation efficiency. Furthermore, the pressure within the bunker is maintained within a highly precise regulation threshold, effectively safeguarding tunneling progress.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of shield tunneling equipment with balanced air pressure and temperature in a mud and water bin, in particular to shield tunneling equipment with balanced air pressure and temperature in a mud and water bin. Background Art

[0002] The shield method is a mechanized construction method in which a shield machine is used to excavate the ground, and the surrounding rock is supported by the shield shell and segments to prevent collapse into the tunnel. At the same time, a cutting device is used to excavate the soil in front of the excavation face, and the soil is transported out of the hole by excavation machinery. The soil is then pressurized and pushed forward at the rear by jacks, and precast concrete segments are assembled to form a tunnel structure.

[0003] During shield tunneling operations, the slurry bunker plays an irreplaceable role. A partition is installed at the front of the mechanical shield, forming a slurry bunker between the cutterhead and the shield. Mud is fed into the bunker to stabilize the excavation face, forming an impermeable mud film on the excavation surface. The tension of this mud film maintains water pressure, balancing the earth and water pressures acting on the excavation face. Excavated soil and sand are transported to the surface as slurry, separated by mud and water treatment equipment, and then quality-adjusted before being transported to the excavation face.

[0004] The biggest challenge in this work is how to control the mud-water balance and how to achieve real-time monitoring. To achieve this technical goal, those skilled in the art have improved it by installing a pressure indicator on the surface near the rear of the mud-water tank to control the air intake and exhaust. Currently, there are some improvements to the control system and piping system related to shield mud, such as the methods published in patent applications CN102330557A, CN201568058U, and CN201354640Y. However, none of them mentions controlling the gas compensation in the mud-water tank to achieve the results of regulating air pressure and preventing cutterhead mud cake.

[0005] However, this technological improvement still has major problems, such as: 1. The test results are not monitored in real time and often cannot be adjusted in time; 2. The test results are not accurate; 3. During specific operations, the testing equipment often falls off after a short working time, which greatly affects the timely feedback of the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of air pressure and air temperature balance in the mud and water bin of shield tunneling equipment in the prior art.

[0007] The specific scheme of the present invention is:

[0008] A shield tunneling equipment is designed with balanced air pressure and air temperature in a mud and water bin, wherein a liquid level sensor representing high and low limit liquid levels is arranged in the front bulkhead on the top of the shield body, the liquid level sensor is connected to a control device, the output end of the control device is connected to a valve to control the opening of a pressurized air duct or a decompression air duct, at least two temperature sensors are installed on at least one spoke on the back of the cutter head, the temperature sensor is connected to the input end of the control device, the output end of the control device is provided with a display screen to output output data of the temperature sensor, the end of the pressurized air duct or the decompression air duct is connected to the mud and water bin, and the rear part passes through the mud and water bin plate and is connected to the rear air bin, a liquid level sensor mounting mechanism for mounting a liquid level sensor is provided on the front bulkhead, and a temperature sensor mounting mechanism for mounting a temperature sensor is provided on the spoke.

[0009] In a specific implementation, a mounting flange is provided at the bottom of the liquid level sensor, and a cylindrical or spherical protective shell is provided at the end thereof.

[0010] In a specific implementation, the temperature sensor mounting mechanism includes a recessed platform arranged on the spoke, the inner dimensions of the recessed platform being adapted to the outer dimensions of the temperature sensor so as to enable the temperature sensor to be installed in the recessed platform, and the measuring terminal of the temperature sensor being in contact with the back of the cutter disc.

[0011] In a specific implementation, the control device is wirelessly connected to the liquid level sensor and the temperature sensor.

[0012] In a specific implementation, each port for controlling the pressurization or decompression air duct is provided with a one-way valve to ensure the one-way flow of the airflow to prevent liquid backflow, wherein annularly evenly distributed aeration holes are provided at the end of the pressurization air duct, and a one-way valve is provided between the aeration holes and the valve; a vibrator is installed at the tail of the decompression air duct, and the installation angle of the decompression air duct is inclined less than 10 degrees relative to the horizontal plane, and the inclination direction is low inside the mud and water bin and high outside the mud and water bin.

[0013] In a specific implementation, an endoscope and a matching lighting component are also provided in the decompression airway.

[0014] In a specific implementation, the one-way valve in the decompression airway is self-installed inside the airway and forms a clearance fit. The endoscope and the matching lighting element are mounted on the one-way valve and can rotate accordingly. The valve in the decompression airway is at the end of its gas flow channel. A rocker is provided between the one-way valve and the decompression airway to drive the one-way valve, endoscope, and lighting element to rotate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The shield tunneling equipment, which ensures a balanced temperature within the mud and water silo, forms a closed-loop operation from detection to feedback, offering fast response and high adjustment efficiency. The pressure within the mud and water silo is kept within a highly precise adjustment threshold, effectively safeguarding tunneling. The arched reinforcement design effectively resists the impact of fluid swings within the mud and water silo on the measuring equipment, extending the equipment's service life and reducing maintenance time.

[0017] The auxiliary design in the airway can, on the one hand, accurately and well control the air pressure in the chamber; on the other hand, the auxiliary equipment can effectively prevent the airway from being blocked and avoid too frequent maintenance and care. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram from another angle of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 1. It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the decompression airway of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the full cross-section of the structure shown;

[0023] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the structure;

[0024] The names of the components in the figure are: 1. Cutter disc; 2. Concave platform; 3. Pressurized air duct; 4. Decompression air duct; 5. High limit liquid level sensor; 6. Low limit liquid level sensor; 7. One-way valve; 8. Rocker; 9. Endoscope; 10. Lighting element; 11. Opening and closing valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0026] A shield tunneling device with balanced air pressure and air temperature in the mud and water silo, see Figures 1 to 6The shield is designed to have a level sensor on the front baffle at the top that represents the high and low limit liquid levels. The level sensor is connected to a control device. The output of the control device is connected to a valve to control the opening of the pressurized airway or the decompression airway 4. At least two temperature sensors are installed on at least one spoke on the back of the cutter head 1. The temperature sensor is connected to the input of the control device. The output of the control device is provided with a display screen to output the output data of the temperature sensor. The end of the pressurized airway or the decompression airway 4 is connected to the mud and water tank, and the rear part passes through the mud and water tank plate to be connected to the rear air tank. A level sensor mounting mechanism for mounting a level sensor is provided on the front baffle, and a temperature sensor mounting mechanism for mounting a temperature sensor is provided on the spoke. During operation, the temperature, liquid level and pressure in the mud and water tank can be detected in real time.

[0027] The liquid level sensor has a mounting flange at the bottom and a cylindrical or spherical protective shell at the end. The spherical design effectively resists the impact of the reciprocating oscillation of muddy and water slurries on the measuring tip, improving measurement accuracy, reducing the frequency of subsequent maintenance, and further saving labor costs.

[0028] During the specific working process, the spherical head can also have other transformations to resist the impact force brought by the reciprocating liquid flow and the centripetal force brought by its own entrainment. The design of the ball head mainly takes into account that the mud in the mud and water tank is not in a static state, but tends to swing left and right. The impulse brought by the swing will have an impact on the equipment in the mud and water tank, and it is a frequent reciprocating impact in two opposite directions. If it is simply fixed, the equipment will fall after a short period of work. Therefore, the design of the external ball head, on the one hand, uses the arched weighing surface to achieve the unloading of the impact force. On the other hand, the spherical surface can resist the frequent reciprocating impact, and the mechanical properties are stable. The installation difficulty of this design is also at a relatively low level. It is easy to use and has low technical requirements for the installer.

[0029] The temperature sensor mounting mechanism includes a recessed platform 2 provided on the spokes. The inner dimensions of the recessed platform 2 are adapted to the outer dimensions of the temperature sensor, so that the temperature sensor can be installed in the recessed platform 2, and the measuring terminal of the temperature sensor is in contact with the back of the cutter head 1. In the specific working process, the installation of the sensor in the boss can also use the corresponding idea of ​​the ball head, that is, the arched surface is used to form a force unloading for the reciprocating impact. The recessed platform 2 of the installed temperature sensor is designed to be semi-cylindrical, with its inner side fixed to the spokes and the outer side forming an arched surface. Because the temperature sensor is a wireless structure, there will be no interference with the line during rotation, and remote information connection can be achieved with external devices.

[0030] The control device is wirelessly connected to the liquid level sensor and the temperature sensor, which has a high degree of automation and is convenient for subsequent maintenance.

[0031] During operation, each port controlling the pressurization or decompression airway 4 is equipped with a one-way valve 7 to ensure unidirectional airflow and prevent liquid backflow. Aeration holes are uniformly distributed in a ring at the end of the pressurization airway 3, with a one-way valve 7 located between the aeration holes and the valve. A vibrator is installed at the tail of the decompression airway 4, and the installation angle of the decompression airway 4 is less than 10 degrees relative to the horizontal plane, with the angle lower inside the mud and water tank and higher outside the mud and water tank. The design of the aeration holes further agitates the mud and water tank, facilitating subsequent operation of the shield tunneling equipment.

[0032] The decompression airway 4 is also provided with an endoscope 9 and a matching lighting element 10. The purpose of this design is to prevent mud and water from becoming compacted after gradually entering the pipeline, which would affect work in a long-term working environment. In the specific implementation process, by shaking the rocker 8 and cooperating with the endoscope 9, the situation inside the pipeline can be seen. The compaction can also be broken by torsional vibration, and the impurities will fall into the mud and water bin later, which will have no effect on the equipment. The purpose of this design is to break up the impurities compacted in the outlet pipe by rotation, and after breaking up, they will fall into the mud and water bin under the action of gravity. The endoscope 9 can realize real-time monitoring of the outlet pipe.

[0033] The one-way valve 7 in the decompression airway 4 is self-mounted within the airway to form a clearance fit. The endoscope 9 and the matching lighting element 10 are mounted on the one-way valve 7 so that they can rotate accordingly. The valve in the decompression airway 4 is located at the end of its gas flow path. A rocker 8 is provided between the one-way valve 7 and the decompression airway 4 to drive the one-way valve 7, endoscope 9, and lighting element 10 to rotate. The design of the rocker 8 can also be combined with a motor and a gear drive or friction wheel drive driven by the motor in the future to further improve the automation performance.

[0034] It is mainly used to regulate the gas storage space at the top of the mud and water bunker. The concept is as follows: low and high liquid level sensors are installed on the front baffle at the top of the shield, and pneumatic control valves are added to the mud and water bunker gas filling and exhaust pipelines. When the mud and water bunker liquid level reaches the highest level, the filling ball valve opens and gas filling begins. When the mud and water bunker liquid level drops to the lowest level, the exhaust valve opens to exhaust. When the gas reaches the highest level, the exhaust valve closes and the filling valve opens, and the cycle repeats. At the same time, considering the impact on the mud and water bunker pressure fluctuations, the opening and closing degree of the pneumatic ball valve is set. This can achieve the effect of real-time pressure regulation in the mud and water bunker, with fast adjustment time, high safety factor, and reduced labor costs.

[0035] Temperature sensors were installed at various locations on one of the spokes of cutterhead 1, spaced at regular intervals. These sensors were required to monitor the panel temperature of cutterhead 1 in real time with an accuracy of less than 0.5°C. The initial temperature could be manually set on the control system. Temperature fluctuations within the same sensor, as well as differences between adjacent sensors, were required to provide an alarm. The entire process was to be smooth and rapid, with a short response time and a high degree of automation.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield tunneling device with balanced air pressure and air temperature in a mud and water bunker, characterized by: A liquid level sensor representing the upper and lower limit liquid levels is provided in the front partition at the top of the shield body. The liquid level sensor is connected to a control device. The output end of the control device is connected to a valve to control the opening of the pressurized airway (3) or the decompression airway (4). At least two temperature sensors are installed on at least one spoke on the back of the cutter head (1). The temperature sensor is connected to the input end of the control device. The output end of the control device is provided with a display screen to output the output data of the temperature sensor. The end of the pressurized airway or the decompression airway (4) is connected to the mud and water tank, and the rear part passes through the mud and water tank plate and is connected to the rear air tank. The front partition is provided with a liquid level sensor for installing the liquid level sensor. The spokes are provided with a temperature sensor installation mechanism for installing a temperature sensor. The decompression airway (4) is also provided with an endoscope (9) and a matching lighting element (10). The one-way valve (7) in the decompression airway (4) is self-mounted inside the airway and forms a clearance fit. The endoscope (9) and the matching lighting element (10) are mounted on the one-way valve (7) and rotate accordingly. The valve in the decompression airway (4) is at the end of its gas flow channel. A rocker (8) is provided between the one-way valve (7) and the decompression airway (4) to drive the one-way valve (7), the endoscope (9) and the lighting element (10) to rotate.

2. The shield tunneling equipment with balanced air pressure and air temperature in the mud and water bin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the liquid level sensor is provided with a mounting flange, and the end thereof is provided with a cylindrical or spherical protective shell.

3. The shield tunneling equipment with balanced air pressure and air temperature in the mud and water bin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor mounting mechanism comprises a recessed platform (2) arranged on the spoke, wherein the inner dimensions of the recessed platform (2) are adapted to the outer dimensions of the temperature sensor so as to enable the temperature sensor to be fitted within the recessed platform (2), and the measuring terminal of the temperature sensor is in contact with the back of the cutter head (1).

4. The shield tunneling equipment with balanced air pressure and air temperature in the mud and water bin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control device is wirelessly connected to the liquid level sensor and the temperature sensor.

5. The shield tunneling equipment with balanced air pressure and air temperature in the mud and water bin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ports for controlling the pressurization or decompression air duct (4) are each provided with a one-way valve (7) for ensuring a one-way flow of airflow to prevent liquid backflow, wherein annularly evenly distributed aeration holes are provided at the end of the pressurization air duct (3), and a one-way valve is provided between the aeration holes and the valve; a vibrator is installed at the tail of the decompression air duct (4), and the installation angle of the decompression air duct (4) is inclined less than 10 degrees relative to the horizontal plane, and the inclination direction is low inside the mud and water bin and high outside the mud and water bin.

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