A low-rank coal pyrolysis tail gas waste heat recovery device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-rank coal pyrolysis tail gas waste heat recovery device, which relates to the technical field of low-rank coal production equipment. The low-rank coal pyrolysis tail gas waste heat recovery device comprises a bottom plate, a rotary kiln cylinder and a smoke chamber arranged on a rotary kiln body, the upper side wall of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with an L-shaped support plate, and the side wall of the support plate is fixedly inserted with an L-shaped fixed pipe, one end of the fixed pipe is inserted in the rotary kiln cylinder and rotatably connected thereto. The tail gas waste heat can be recovered, and the low-rank coal can be preheated by the recovered heat to avoid heat waste, which is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly. At the same time, the low-rank coal can be divided into multiple parts during feeding, and each part can be gradually pushed to the feed port in turn for feeding, so that the feeding is more uniform, blockage and accumulation are avoided, the processing efficiency is improved, and energy waste is avoided, and the annular cover has a better preheating effect on the low-rank coal and a longer preheating time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of low-rank coal production equipment, and specifically to a waste heat recovery device for the tail gas of low-rank coal pyrolysis. Background Art

[0002] A rotary kiln refers to a rotary calcination kiln, which belongs to the building materials equipment category. Rotary kilns can be divided into cement kilns, metallurgical and chemical kilns, and lime kilns according to the different materials processed. During the production process of low-rank coal, a rotary kiln is required for pyrolysis.

[0003] However, a large amount of energy is consumed during the operation of the rotary kiln. The tail gas of the rotary kiln is high-temperature waste gas, which contains a large amount of heat energy. If this part of the heat energy cannot be effectively recovered, it will cause great waste, which is not conducive to environmental protection and energy conservation and emission reduction. Moreover, blockage and accumulation will occur during the feeding of low-rank coal, affecting the production efficiency and also causing energy waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste heat recovery device for the tail gas of low-rank coal pyrolysis to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A waste heat recovery device for the tail gas of low-rank coal pyrolysis, including a bottom plate, a rotary kiln cylinder, and a smoke chamber provided on the rotary kiln body. The upper side wall of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with an L-shaped support plate, and an L-shaped fixed pipe is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the support plate. One end of the fixed pipe is inserted into the rotary kiln cylinder and is rotatably connected thereto. The upper side wall of the support plate is fixedly connected with a fixed cover. The upper side wall of the fixed cover is fixedly connected with a feed pipe, and the upper end of the feed pipe is fixedly connected with a conical feed hopper. A feeding mechanism for feeding low-rank coal is provided in the fixed cover, and a preheating mechanism for preheating low-rank coal is provided in the fixed cover.

[0006] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes an annular cover fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixed pipe. The upper side wall of the annular cover is provided with a feed port. A strip-shaped opening is provided on the side wall of the fixed cover, and a moving plate is slidably connected in the strip-shaped opening. The moving plate is connected to the side wall of the fixed cover through a first reset mechanism, and the movement of the moving plate is pushed by a pushing mechanism. The lower side wall of the moving plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of U-shaped plates arranged in an array. A sliding plate is slidably connected in each U-shaped plate through a first spring. The sliding plate includes a first inclined surface, and a crushing component for crushing low-rank coal is provided on the side wall of the moving plate.

[0007] Preferably, the first reset mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged fixed blocks fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the moving plate, and a first T-shaped guide rod is inserted into the side wall of the fixed block. One end of the first T-shaped guide rod is fixed to the side wall of the fixed cover, and a second spring is sleeved on the side wall of the first T-shaped guide rod.

[0008] Preferably, the crushing assembly includes a pressing plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the moving plate, and the pressing plate includes two symmetrically arranged second inclined surfaces.

[0009] Preferably, the preheating mechanism includes a liquid inlet pipe fixedly inserted into the side wall of the support plate, and one end of the liquid inlet pipe is fixed to the side wall of the annular cover. The other end of the liquid inlet pipe is fixedly connected to a fixed box, and a rotating fan is rotatably connected to the fixed box through a rotating shaft. A motor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed box, and the output end of the motor is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed box, and a bent heat absorption pipe is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the smoke chamber. The other end of the connecting pipe is fixed to one end of the heat absorption pipe, and the other end of the heat absorption pipe is fixedly connected to a liquid return pipe. The other end of the liquid return pipe penetrates through the side wall of the support plate and is fixed to the side wall of the annular cover. The annular cover, the connecting pipe, the heat absorption pipe, and the liquid return pipe are filled with a heat-conducting liquid, and a stirring mechanism for stirring the heat-conducting liquid is arranged in the annular cover.

[0010] Preferably, the pushing mechanism includes a fixed ring fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of convex blocks arranged in an array are fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed ring. The side wall of the fixed box is connected to a pushing plate through a second reset mechanism. The convex blocks slide on the side wall of the pushing plate, and one end of the pushing plate is fixed to the side wall of the moving plate.

[0011] Preferably, the second reset mechanism includes a connecting plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed box, and two symmetrically arranged second T-shaped guide rods are inserted into the side wall of the connecting plate. The pushing plate is sleeved on the side wall of the second T-shaped guide rod, and a third spring is sleeved on the side wall of the second T-shaped guide rod.

[0012] Preferably, the stirring mechanism includes a support block fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the liquid inlet pipe, and a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the side wall of the support block. The rotating rod is inserted into the annular cover, and a plurality of blades arranged in an array are fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating rod. The rotation of the rotating rod is driven by a driving mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a driven pulley fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotating rod, and a driving pulley is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotating shaft. Two symmetrically arranged avoidance grooves are formed in the side wall of the liquid inlet pipe, and a belt is inserted into the avoidance grooves. The belt is sleeved on the side walls of the driving pulley and the driven pulley.

[0014] Preferably, a protective cover is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the heat absorption tube. An air inlet is formed in the lower side wall of the protective cover, and an air outlet is formed in the upper side wall of the protective cover.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] (1). For this low-rank coal pyrolysis tail gas waste heat recovery device, by setting up a preheating mechanism, etc., during use, the generated tail gas enters the protective cover through the air inlet and is discharged through the air outlet, which can slow down the emission speed of the tail gas, enable it to fully exchange heat with the heat absorption tube, ensure the heat recovery efficiency. When the tail gas enters the protective cover, it heats the heat-conducting liquid in the heat absorption tube. At the same time, the motor is started, and the rotation of the motor drives the rotation of the rotating shaft and the rotating fan, thereby circulating the heat-conducting liquid, so that the heated heat-conducting liquid in the heat absorption tube enters the annular cover through the connecting pipe and the liquid inlet pipe, and then preheats the low-rank coal, avoiding waste of heat, and being more energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0017] (2). For this low-rank coal pyrolysis tail gas waste heat recovery device, by setting up a feeding mechanism, etc., during production, the low-rank coal enters the fixed cover through the feeding hopper and the feeding pipe, and falls onto the upper surface of the annular cover through the space between the moving plate and the fixed cover for preheating. At the same time, the rotation of the rotating shaft drives the fixed ring to rotate. When the convex block abuts against the pushing plate, it pushes the pushing plate and the moving plate to move. At the same time, the third spring contracts. When the convex block passes over the pushing plate, the pushing plate and the moving plate can reset under the action of the third spring, so that the moving plate reciprocates in the fixed cover. When the moving plate moves to the left, the low-rank coal abuts against the first inclined surface, and at the same time, the first spring contracts, so that the low-rank coal enters the area between two adjacent sliding plates. When the moving plate moves to the right, the low-rank coal abuts against the side wall of the sliding plate, thereby pushing the low-rank coal to move synchronously to the right. Repeating this way, the low-rank coal can be separated into multiple parts, and each part is gradually pushed to the feeding port for feeding in turn, so that the feeding is more uniform, avoiding blockage and accumulation, improving the processing efficiency, avoiding energy waste, and making the preheating effect of the annular cover on the low-rank coal better and the preheating time longer.

[0018] (3). For this low-rank coal pyrolysis tail gas waste heat recovery device, by setting up a stirring mechanism, etc., during preheating and recovery, the rotation of the rotating shaft drives the rotation of the driving pulley, and drives the driven pulley to rotate through the belt. When the driven pulley rotates, it drives the rotating rod and the blades to rotate, thereby stirring the heat-conducting liquid in the annular cover, making the heat-conducting liquid more uniform, making the preheating effect on the low-rank coal better, and improving the utilization rate of the heat of the heat-conducting liquid, avoiding waste of heat. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the smoke chamber in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the protective cover in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the fixed cover in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the fixed box in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first reset mechanism in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the fixed pipe and the annular cover in the present invention

[0026] Figure 8 is Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A in;

[0027] Figure 9 is Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B in;

[0028] Figure 10 is Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of part C in;

[0029] Figure 11 is Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of part D in.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Rotary kiln body; 101. Bottom plate; 102. Rotary kiln cylinder; 103. Smoke chamber; 2. Feeding mechanism; 201. Feeding port; 202. Moving plate; 203. Strip-shaped opening; 204. U-shaped plate; 205. First spring; 206. Sliding plate; 207. First inclined surface; 208. Annular cover; 3. First reset mechanism; 301. Fixed block; 302. First T-shaped guide rod; 303. Second spring; 4. Crushing assembly; 401. Extrusion plate; 402. Second inclined surface; 5. Preheating mechanism; 501. Liquid inlet pipe; 502. Fixed box; 503. Rotating shaft; 504. Rotating fan; 505. Motor; 506. Connecting pipe; 507. Heat absorption pipe; 508. Liquid return pipe; 6. Pushing mechanism; 601. Pushing plate; 602. Fixed ring; 603. Convex block; 7. Second reset mechanism; 701. Connecting plate; 702. Second T-shaped guide rod; 703. Third spring; 8. Stirring mechanism; 801. Support block; 802. Rotating rod; 803. Blade; 9. Driving mechanism; 901. Driven pulley; 902. Avoidance groove; 903. Driving pulley; 904. Belt; 10. Protective cover; 11. Support plate; 12. Feeding pipe; 13. Feeding hopper; 14. Fixed cover; 15. Fixed pipe; 16. Air inlet; 17. Air outlet. Specific embodiments

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1-11, the present invention provides a technical solution: a waste heat recovery device for low-rank coal pyrolysis tail gas, including a bottom plate 101, a rotary kiln body 102 and a smoke chamber 103 provided on the rotary kiln body 1. The upper side wall of the bottom plate 101 is fixedly connected with an L-shaped support plate 11, and an L-shaped fixed pipe 15 is fixedly inserted on the side wall of the support plate 11. One end of the fixed pipe 15 is inserted into the rotary kiln body 102 and rotatably connected thereto. The upper side wall of the support plate 11 is fixedly connected with a fixed cover 14. The upper side wall of the fixed cover 14 is fixedly connected with a feed pipe 12, and the upper end of the feed pipe 12 is fixedly connected with a conical feed hopper 13. A feeding mechanism 2 for feeding low-rank coal is arranged in the fixed cover 14, and a preheating mechanism 5 for preheating low-rank coal is arranged in the fixed cover 14. It can recover the waste heat of the tail gas, and at the same time, preheat the low-rank coal with the recovered heat to avoid waste of heat, which is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Moreover, when feeding, the low-rank coal can be separated into multiple parts, and each part is gradually pushed to the feed port 201 for feeding in sequence, so that the feeding is more uniform, avoiding blockage and accumulation, improving the processing efficiency, avoiding energy waste, and making the preheating effect of the annular cover 208 on the low-rank coal better and the preheating time longer.

[0033] Preferably, the feeding mechanism 2 includes an annular cover 208 fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixed pipe 15. The upper side wall of the annular cover 208 is provided with a feeding port 201. The side wall of the fixed cover 14 is provided with a strip-shaped opening 203, and a moving plate 202 is slidably connected in the strip-shaped opening 203. The moving plate 202 is connected to the side wall of the fixed cover 14 through a first reset mechanism 3, and the movement of the moving plate 202 is pushed by a pushing mechanism 6. The lower side wall of the moving plate 202 is fixedly connected with a plurality of U-shaped plates 204 arranged in an array. A sliding plate 206 is slidably connected in each U-shaped plate 204 through a first spring 205. The sliding plate 206 includes a first inclined surface 207, and a crushing component 4 for crushing low-rank coal is arranged on the side wall of the moving plate 202. During production, the low-rank coal enters the fixed cover 14 through the feeding hopper 13 and the feeding pipe 12, and falls onto the upper surface of the annular cover 208 through the space between the moving plate 202 and the fixed cover 14 for preheating. At the same time, the pushing mechanism 6 is used to make the moving plate 202 reciprocate in the fixed cover 14. When the moving plate 202 moves to the left, the low-rank coal abuts against the first inclined surface 207. At the same time, the first spring 205 contracts, so that the low-rank coal enters the area between two adjacent sliding plates 206. When the moving plate 202 moves to the right, the low-rank coal abuts against the side wall of the sliding plate 206, thereby pushing the low-rank coal to move synchronously to the right. In this way, the low-rank coal can be separated into multiple parts, and each part is gradually pushed to the feeding port 201 for feeding, so that the feeding is more uniform, avoiding blockage and accumulation, improving the processing efficiency, avoiding energy waste, and making the preheating effect of the annular cover 208 on the low-rank coal better and the preheating time longer.

[0034] Preferably, the first reset mechanism 3 includes two symmetrically arranged fixed blocks 301 fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the moving plate 202. A first T-shaped guide rod 302 is inserted into the side wall of the fixed block 301. One end of the first T-shaped guide rod 302 is fixed to the side wall of the fixed cover 14, and a second spring 303 is sleeved on the side wall of the first T-shaped guide rod 302, which plays a role in guiding and resetting the movement of the moving plate 202.

[0035] Preferably, the crushing component 4 includes a pressing plate 401 fixedly connected to the side wall of the moving plate 202. The pressing plate 401 includes two symmetrically arranged second inclined surfaces 402. When the moving plate 202 reciprocates, it drives the pressing plate 401 to move synchronously, so as to be able to crush the low-rank coal by extrusion, making the pyrolysis more uniform.

[0036] Preferably, the preheating mechanism 5 includes a liquid inlet pipe 501 fixedly inserted into the side wall of the support plate 11. One end of the liquid inlet pipe 501 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the annular cover 208. The other end of the liquid inlet pipe 501 is fixedly connected to a fixed box 502. The fixed box 502 is rotatably connected to a rotating fan 504 through a rotating shaft 503. A motor 505 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed box 502, and the output end of the motor 505 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 503. A connecting pipe 506 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed box 502. A heat absorption pipe 507 arranged in a bent shape is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the smoke chamber 103. The other end of the connecting pipe 506 is fixedly connected to one end of the heat absorption pipe 507. The other end of the heat absorption pipe 507 is fixedly connected to a liquid return pipe 508. The other end of the liquid return pipe 508 penetrates through the side wall of the support plate 11 and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the annular cover 208. A heat-conducting liquid is filled in the annular cover 208, the connecting pipe 506, the heat absorption pipe 507, and the liquid return pipe 508. A stirring mechanism 8 for stirring the heat-conducting liquid is arranged in the annular cover 208. During production, low-rank coal enters the fixed cover 14 through the feed hopper 13 and the feed pipe 12, and falls onto the upper surface of the annular cover 208 through the space between the moving plate 202 and the fixed cover 14 for preheating. At the same time, the rotation of the rotating shaft 503 drives the fixed ring 602 to rotate. When the convex block 603 abuts against the pushing plate 601, the pushing plate 601 and the moving plate 202 are pushed to move. At the same time, the third spring 703 contracts. When the convex block 603 passes over the pushing plate 601, the pushing plate 601 and the moving plate 202 can reset under the action of the third spring 703, so that the moving plate 202 reciprocates in the fixed cover 14. When the moving plate 202 moves to the left, the low-rank coal abuts against the first inclined surface 207. At the same time, the first spring 205 contracts, so that the low-rank coal enters the area between two adjacent sliding plates 206. When the moving plate 202 moves to the right, the low-rank coal abuts against the side wall of the sliding plate 206, thereby pushing the low-rank coal to move synchronously to the right. In this way, the low-rank coal can be separated into multiple parts, and each part is gradually pushed to the feed port 201 for feeding in turn, so that the feeding is more uniform, avoiding blockage and accumulation, improving the processing efficiency, avoiding energy waste, and making the preheating effect of the annular cover 208 on the low-rank coal better and the preheating time longer.

[0037] Preferably, the driving mechanism 6 includes a fixing ring 602 fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotating shaft 503, and a plurality of bump blocks 603 arranged in an array are fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixing ring 602. The side wall of the fixing box 502 is connected to a pushing plate 601 through a second reset mechanism 7. The bump blocks 603 slide on the side wall of the pushing plate 601, and one end of the pushing plate 601 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the moving plate 202. The rotation of the rotating shaft 503 drives the fixing ring 602 to rotate. When the bump blocks 603 abut against the pushing plate 601, the pushing plate 601 and the moving plate 202 are pushed to move. At the same time, the third spring 703 contracts. When the bump blocks 603 pass over the pushing plate 601, the pushing plate 601 and the moving plate 202 can be reset under the action of the third spring 703, so that the moving plate 202 reciprocates in the fixing cover 14.

[0038] Preferably, the second reset mechanism 7 includes a connecting plate 701 fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixing box 502, and two symmetrically arranged second T-shaped guide rods 702 are inserted into the side wall of the connecting plate 701. The pushing plate 601 is sleeved on the side wall of the second T-shaped guide rods 702, and a third spring 703 is sleeved on the side wall of the second T-shaped guide rods 702, which plays a role in guiding and resetting the movement of the pushing plate 601.

[0039] Preferably, the stirring mechanism 8 includes a support block 801 fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the liquid inlet pipe 501, and a rotating rod 802 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the support block 801. The rotating rod 802 is inserted into the annular cover 208, and a plurality of blades 803 arranged in an array are fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating rod 802. The rotation of the rotating rod 802 is driven by a driving mechanism 9. When preheating recovery is carried out, the driving mechanism 9 drives the rotating rod 802 and the blades 803 to rotate, so as to stir the heat-conducting liquid in the annular cover 208, make the heat-conducting liquid more uniform, make the preheating effect on the low-rank coal better, and improve the utilization rate of the heat of the heat-conducting liquid and avoid heat waste.

[0040] Preferably, the driving mechanism 9 includes a driven belt pulley 901 fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotating rod 802, and a driving belt pulley 903 is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotating shaft 503. Two symmetrically arranged avoiding grooves 902 are opened on the side wall of the liquid inlet pipe 501. Sealing gaskets are arranged on the side walls of the avoiding grooves 902 that cooperate with the belt 904 to ensure its sealing performance, and a belt 904 is inserted into the avoiding grooves 902. The belt 904 is sleeved on the side walls of the driving belt pulley 903 and the driven belt pulley 901. The rotation of the rotating shaft 503 drives the rotation of the driving belt pulley 903, and drives the driven belt pulley 901 to rotate through the belt 904. When the driven belt pulley 901 rotates, it drives the rotating rod 802 and the blades 803 to rotate.

[0041] Preferably, a protective cover 10 is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the heat absorption tube 507. An air inlet 16 is opened on the lower side wall of the protective cover 10, and an air outlet 17 is opened on the upper side wall of the protective cover 10. During use, the generated tail gas enters the protective cover 10 through the air inlet 16 and is discharged through the air outlet 17, which can slow down the emission speed of the tail gas, enable it to fully exchange heat with the heat absorption tube 507, and ensure the heat recovery efficiency.

[0042] Working principle: During use, first, during use, the generated tail gas enters the protective cover 10 through the air inlet 16 and is discharged through the air outlet 17, which can slow down the emission speed of the tail gas, enable it to fully exchange heat with the heat absorption tube 507, and ensure the heat recovery efficiency. When the tail gas enters the protective cover 10, it heats the heat-conducting liquid in the heat absorption tube 507. At the same time, the motor 505 is started, and the rotation of the motor 505 drives the rotation of the rotating shaft 503 and the rotating fan 504, thereby circulating the heat-conducting liquid, so that the heated heat-conducting liquid in the heat absorption tube 507 enters the annular cover 208 through the connecting pipe 506 and the liquid inlet pipe 501, and thus preheats the low-rank coal, avoiding waste of heat, and being more energy-saving and environment-friendly;

[0043] At the same time, during production, the low-rank coal enters the fixed cover 14 through the feed hopper 13 and the feed pipe 12, and falls onto the upper surface of the annular cover 208 through the space between the moving plate 202 and the fixed cover 14 for preheating. At the same time, the rotation of the rotating shaft 503 drives the fixed ring 602 to rotate. When the convex block 603 abuts against the push plate 601, the push plate 601 and the moving plate 202 are pushed to move. At the same time, the third spring 703 contracts. When the convex block 603 passes over the push plate 601, the push plate 601 and the moving plate 202 can reset under the action of the third spring 703, so that the moving plate 202 reciprocates in the fixed cover 14. When the moving plate 202 moves to the left, the low-rank coal abuts against the first inclined surface 207. At the same time, the first spring 205 contracts, so that the low-rank coal enters the area between two adjacent sliding plates 206. When the moving plate 202 moves to the right, the low-rank coal abuts against the side wall of the sliding plate 206, thereby pushing the low-rank coal to move synchronously to the right. In this way, the low-rank coal can be separated into multiple parts, and each part is gradually pushed to the feed port 201 for feeding, so that the feeding is more uniform, avoiding blockage and accumulation, improving the processing efficiency, avoiding energy waste, and enabling the annular cover 208 to have a better preheating effect on the low-rank coal and a longer preheating time;

[0044] Moreover, during preheating recovery, the rotation of the rotating shaft 503 drives the rotation of the driving pulley 903, and drives the driven pulley 901 to rotate through the belt 904. When the driven pulley 901 rotates, it drives the rotating rod 802 and the blade 803 to rotate, thereby stirring the heat-conducting liquid in the annular cover 208, making the heat-conducting liquid more uniform, achieving a better preheating effect on low-rank coal. Moreover, it improves the utilization rate of the heat of the heat-conducting liquid and avoids heat waste.

Claims

1. A waste heat recovery device for low-rank coal pyrolysis tail gas, comprising a bottom plate (101), a rotary kiln cylinder body (102) and a smoke chamber (103) arranged on a rotary kiln body (1), characterized in that: The upper side wall of the bottom plate (101) is fixedly connected with an L-shaped support plate (11), and an L-shaped fixed pipe (15) is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the support plate (11). One end of the fixed pipe (15) is inserted into the rotary kiln cylinder (102) and is rotationally connected therewith. The upper side wall of the support plate (11) is fixedly connected with a fixed cover (14). The upper side wall of the fixed cover (14) is fixedly connected with a feed pipe (12), and the upper end of the feed pipe (12) is fixedly connected with a conical feed hopper (13). An inlet mechanism (2) for feeding low-rank coal is arranged in the fixed cover (14), and a preheating mechanism (5) for preheating low-rank coal is arranged in the fixed cover (14). The inlet mechanism (2) includes an annular cover (208) fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixed pipe (15). The upper side wall of the annular cover (208) is provided with an inlet (201). A strip-shaped opening (203) is formed in the side wall of the fixed cover (14), and a moving plate (202) is slidably connected in the strip-shaped opening (203). The moving plate (202) is connected to the side wall of the fixed cover (14) through a first reset mechanism (3), and the movement of the moving plate (202) is pushed by a pushing mechanism (6). The lower side wall of the moving plate (202) is fixedly connected with a plurality of U-shaped plates (204) arranged in an array. A sliding plate (206) is slidably connected in each U-shaped plate (204) through a first spring (205). The sliding plate (206) includes a first inclined surface (207), and a crushing assembly (4) for crushing low-rank coal is arranged on the side wall of the moving plate (202). The preheating mechanism (5) includes a liquid inlet pipe (501) fixedly inserted into the side wall of the support plate (11). One end of the liquid inlet pipe (501) is fixed to the side wall of the annular cover (208). The other end of the liquid inlet pipe (501) is fixedly connected with a fixed box (502). A rotating fan (504) is rotationally connected to the fixed box (502) through a rotating shaft (503). A motor (505) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed box (502), and the output end of the motor (505) is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft (503). A connecting pipe (506) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed box (502). A bent heat absorption pipe (507) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the smoke chamber (103). The other end of the connecting pipe (506) is fixed to one end of the heat absorption pipe (507). The other end of the heat absorption pipe (507) is fixedly connected with a liquid return pipe (508). The other end of the liquid return pipe (508) penetrates through the side wall of the support plate (11) and is fixed to the side wall of the annular cover (208). The annular cover (208), the connecting pipe (506), the heat absorption pipe (507) and the liquid return pipe (508) are filled with a heat-conducting liquid, and a stirring mechanism (8) for stirring the heat-conducting liquid is arranged in the annular cover (208).

2. The waste heat recovery device for low-rank coal pyrolysis tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first reset mechanism (3) includes two symmetrically arranged fixed blocks (301) fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the moving plate (202), and a first T-shaped guide rod (302) is inserted into the side wall of the fixed block (301). One end of the first T-shaped guide rod (302) is fixed to the side wall of the fixed cover (14), and a second spring (303) is sleeved on the side wall of the first T-shaped guide rod (302).

3. The low-rank coal pyrolysis tail gas waste heat recovery device according to claim 2, wherein: The crushing assembly (4) includes a pressing plate (401) fixedly connected to the side wall of the moving plate (202), and the pressing plate (401) includes two symmetrically arranged second inclined surfaces (402).

4. A low-rank coal pyrolysis tail gas waste heat recovery device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism (6) includes a fixed ring (602) fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotating shaft (503), and a plurality of arrayed convex blocks (603) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed ring (602). The side wall of the fixed box (502) is connected with a pushing plate (601) through a second reset mechanism (7). The convex blocks (603) slide on the side wall of the pushing plate (601), and one end of the pushing plate (601) is fixed to the side wall of the moving plate (202).

5. The waste heat recovery device for low-rank coal pyrolysis tail gas according to claim 4, wherein: The second reset mechanism (7) includes a connecting plate (701) fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed box (502), and two symmetrically arranged second T-shaped guide rods (702) are inserted into the side wall of the connecting plate (701). The pushing plate (601) is sleeved on the side wall of the second T-shaped guide rod (702), and a third spring (703) is sleeved on the side wall of the second T-shaped guide rod (702).

6. The low-order coal pyrolysis tail gas waste heat recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism (8) includes a support block (801) fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the liquid inlet pipe (501), and a rotating rod (802) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the support block (801). The rotating rod (802) is inserted into the annular cover (208), and a plurality of arrayed blades (803) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating rod (802). The rotation of the rotating rod (802) is driven by a driving mechanism (9).

7. A low-rank coal pyrolysis tail gas waste heat recovery device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (9) includes a driven pulley (901) fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotating rod (802), and a driving pulley (903) is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotating shaft (503). Two symmetrically arranged avoidance grooves (902) are opened on the side wall of the liquid inlet pipe (501), and a belt (904) is inserted into the avoidance grooves (902). The belt (904) is sleeved on the side walls of the driving pulley (903) and the driven pulley (901).

8. A low-rank coal pyrolysis tail gas waste heat recovery device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A protective cover (10) is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the heat absorption pipe (507). An air inlet (16) is opened on the lower side wall of the protective cover (10), and an air outlet (17) is opened on the upper side wall of the protective cover (10).

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