A formwork system and construction method for the lower cross beam of an ultra-high diamond-shaped tower pier

Abstract

The present application discloses a formwork system for the lower crossbeam of an ultra-high diamond-shaped tower pier, comprising a crossbeam support arranged at the top of the tower pier, the crossbeam support comprising a plurality of steel pipe columns and a corbel bracket arranged at one end of the steel pipe column away from the tower pier, a first embedded part is arranged at the top of the tower pier, one end of the first embedded part is embedded in the tower pier, and the other end extends out of the tower pier and is fixedly connected to the steel pipe column, a connecting assembly for connecting and fixing the two adjacent steel pipe columns is arranged between the two adjacent corbel brackets, a bracket connection system for fixing the two mutually is arranged between the two adjacent corbel brackets, the corbel bracket comprises at least two mutually spliced ​​half brackets, a connecting plate is arranged at the junction of the two half brackets, and a Bailey beam is arranged on the corbel bracket. The present application has the effect of effectively reducing the amount of steel used in installing the crossbeam support, and ensuring the supporting strength of the Bailey beam on the bottom formwork, and effectively reducing the lifting workload and installation difficulty of using steel corbels and steel arch frames for support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of bridge construction technology, and in particular to a formwork system and construction method for the crossbeam under an ultra-high rhomboid tower pier. Background Technology

[0002] A cable-stayed bridge, also known as a skeletal bridge, is a type of bridge where the main girder is directly supported by numerous cables to the bridge towers. It is a structural system composed of compression-bearing towers, tension-bearing cables, and bending-resistant girder structures. Due to its advantages such as aesthetic appeal, large span reducing structural height, and lighter structural weight, cable-stayed bridges are widely used in bridge construction and design.

[0003] Cable-stayed bridges mainly consist of towers, main beams, and stay cables. There are various types of tower structures, selected primarily based on factors such as cable arrangement requirements, bridge deck width, and main beam span. In civil engineering, especially in mountainous areas, diamond-shaped tower construction projects are common. A diamond-shaped tower includes piers, lower tower columns, middle tower columns, and an upper tower column. The piers are vertically positioned on the ground, with the two lower tower columns tilting outwards and the two middle and upper tower columns tilting inwards. The lower crossbeam is located at the intersection of the broken lines of the lower and middle tower columns. This location involves complex stress, large structural dimensions, and a large volume of concrete, making it a high-risk aspect of cable-stayed bridge construction, requiring work at height. In the existing technology, there are two main construction methods for the lower crossbeam. One is to use a ground-mounted steel support as the crossbeam support when the lower crossbeam is not high off the ground, so as to support the bottom formwork of the lower crossbeam and thus carry out the construction of the lower crossbeam. The other is to use steel brackets and steel arches as the crossbeam support when the crossbeam is high off the ground, so as to support the bottom formwork and thus carry out the construction of the lower crossbeam.

[0004] However, the existing construction method for the lower beam requires a lot of steel pipe materials and also requires the installation of a lot of brackets and wall-mounted parts, resulting in a large amount of steel consumption. In addition, the installation and dismantling of the beam brackets involves a large amount of hoisting work and is difficult to install. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the drawbacks of traditional construction methods for lower crossbeams, such as the large amount of steel required, significant hoisting workload, and high installation difficulty, this application provides a formwork system and construction method for the lower crossbeam of an ultra-high rhomboid tower pier.

[0006] The formwork system for the lower crossbeam of an ultra-high rhomboid tower pier provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A formwork system for the crossbeam under an ultra-high rhomboid tower pier includes a crossbeam support set at the top of the tower pier. The crossbeam support includes several steel pipe columns and corbel brackets set at the ends of the steel pipe columns away from the tower pier. A first embedded part is set at the top of the tower pier, with one end embedded in the tower pier and the other end extending out of the tower pier and fixedly connected to the steel pipe columns. A connecting component for connecting and fixing the two adjacent steel pipe columns is set between them. A bracket connecting system for fixing the two corbel brackets to each other is set between two adjacent corbel brackets. The corbel bracket includes at least two interlocking half-brackets. A connecting plate is fixedly set at the junction of the two half-brackets. Bailey beams for supporting the bottom formwork are set on the corbel brackets.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, before constructing the lower crossbeam, a crossbeam support needs to be installed on the top of the tower pier. First, a first embedded part is pre-embedded on the top of the tower pier, and then the steel pipe column is fixed to the first embedded part, effectively reducing the amount of steel used for installing the crossbeam support in related technologies. After the steel pipe column is installed, a bracket is installed between the two lower tower columns. First, a half bracket is fixed to the side wall of the lower tower column, and then a connecting plate is welded to the junction of the half bracket. The bracket setup ensures the support strength of the Bailey beam for the bottom formwork and effectively reduces the lifting workload and installation difficulty of using steel brackets and steel arches for support.

[0009] Preferably, the semi-bracket includes a horizontal bar and a corbel disposed on the side of the horizontal bar facing the tower pier. A second embedded part is disposed on the side wall of the lower tower column. The end of the second embedded part away from the lower tower column is fixedly disposed on the side of the horizontal bar facing the tower pier. A third embedded part is also disposed on the side wall of the lower tower column. The end of the third embedded part away from the lower tower column is fixedly connected to the end of the corbel away from the horizontal bar. The end of the corbel away from the third embedded part is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the horizontal bar. A first distribution beam is disposed at the bottom end of the steel pipe column. The side of the first distribution beam away from the steel pipe column is fixedly connected to the horizontal bar.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when installing the bracket bracket, firstly, the second and third embedded parts are installed on the side wall of the lower tower column. Then, the end of the horizontal bar near the lower tower column is fixedly connected to the second embedded part, and the end of the bracket is fixedly connected to the horizontal bar. The end of the bracket away from the horizontal bar is fixedly connected to the third embedded part. By setting multiple horizontal bars and using the brackets to support the horizontal bars, the support strength of the bottom formwork is ensured, and the lifting workload and installation difficulty of using steel brackets and steel arches for support are effectively reduced.

[0011] Preferably, the bracket connection system includes several longitudinal bars and diagonal bars disposed between two adjacent longitudinal bars. The two ends of the longitudinal bars are respectively fixedly disposed on the horizontal bars of two adjacent half brackets, and the two ends of the diagonal bars are fixedly disposed on two adjacent longitudinal bars.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, after the bracket is installed, longitudinal and diagonal bars are set between adjacent horizontal bars, so that the two adjacent brackets are connected and fixed to each other, which effectively enhances the support strength of the bracket for the Bailey beam.

[0013] Preferably, the steel pipe column comprises several steel pipe columns spliced ​​together, with the upper and lower steel pipe columns fixedly connected by flanges, and the bottom end of the steel pipe column fixedly connected to the first embedded part.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, before constructing the lower crossbeam, the first embedded part is first embedded in the tower pier, then the steel pipe column is fixedly connected to the first embedded part, and then multiple steel pipe columns are fixedly connected through flanges to support the bracket.

[0015] Preferably, the first embedded part includes a plurality of hook-holding steel bars set in the tower pier and a fixing plate set at the top of the hook-holding steel bars. The side of the fixing plate facing the hook-holding steel bars abuts against the top surface of the tower pier, and the side of the fixing plate away from the tower pier is provided with a plurality of support plates. The support plates are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the steel pipe column.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the bottom end of the steel pipe column is placed on the fixing plate, the support plate abuts against the side wall of the steel pipe column, and then the abutment of the support plate and the steel pipe column is welded, so that the steel pipe column and the first embedded part are fixed to each other.

[0017] Preferably, the horizontal bar is provided with a plurality of lateral limiting steel plates on the side away from the second embedded part, and steel wedges are provided between the lateral limiting steel plates. A second distribution beam is provided on the steel wedge, and one end of the second distribution beam abuts against the steel wedge.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, steel wedges and a second distribution beam are set between the lateral limiting steel plates, thereby strengthening the structural strength of the horizontal bar and thus strengthening the support strength of the bracket to the lower crossbeam.

[0019] Preferably, a triangular bracket is provided on the side of the second distribution beam away from the steel wedge block. The triangular bracket is provided on the side of the Bailey beam facing the lower tower column, and a clamping part is provided between the triangular bracket and the Bailey beam to tighten the two together.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the Bailey beam is hoisted above the bracket, the triangular supports on both sides of the Bailey beam play a limiting role in the Bailey beam, and the setting of the clamping part effectively reduces the displacement of the Bailey beam when it is fixed.

[0021] Preferably, the triangular bracket is provided with a support rod, and the two ends of the support rod are respectively located on the right-angled side and the hypotenuse of the triangular bracket.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the structural strength of the triangular bracket is improved.

[0023] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a connecting rod, the two ends of which are fixedly connected to two adjacent steel pipe columns, and a diagonal brace is provided between the two adjacent connecting rods.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, after the steel pipe columns are installed, connecting rods are installed between two adjacent steel pipe columns to connect and fix the two adjacent steel pipe columns. With the addition of diagonal bracing, the support strength of the steel pipe columns for the bracket is further enhanced.

[0025] The second objective of this application is to provide a construction method for the crossbeam under an ultra-high rhomboid tower pier.

[0026] The construction method for the lower crossbeam of an ultra-high rhomboid tower pier provided in this application adopts the following scheme:

[0027] A construction method for the crossbeam under an ultra-high rhomboid tower pier, comprising,

[0028] S1. Construction layout: According to the drawings and construction requirements, construction layout shall be carried out on the top of the tower pier of the diamond-shaped cable tower.

[0029] S2. Installation of steel pipe columns and first embedded parts: The first embedded part is embedded in the top of the tower pier, and the steel pipe column is installed on the first embedded part. The steel pipe column is installed between two lower tower columns. The steel pipe column includes several steel pipe columns spliced ​​together. The two steel pipe columns are fixed to each other by flanges, and multiple connecting rods and diagonal bracing rods are installed between two adjacent steel pipe columns.

[0030] S3. Installation of the first distribution beam: A pile cap is installed at the top of the steel pipe column, and the first distribution beam is fixed by welding at the junction with the pile cap of each group of steel pipe columns.

[0031] S4. Installation of the bracket, second embedded part, and third embedded part: The second and third embedded parts are pre-embedded on the side wall of the lower tower column. The semi-brackets are then hoisted between the two lower tower columns, fixing the horizontal bar to the second embedded part. A second distribution beam is installed at the end of the horizontal bar closest to the lower tower column to strengthen the structural strength of the horizontal bar. The end of the bracket furthest from the horizontal bar is fixedly connected to the third embedded part. After both semi-brackets are fixed, a connecting plate is welded at the junction of the two semi-brackets.

[0032] S5. Installation of the third distribution beam and Bailey beam: Install sandboxes on the horizontal bar, and erect the third distribution beam on the sandboxes. Place sandboxes at the intersection of the horizontal bar and the third distribution beam. Then use a tower crane to hoist the Bailey beam onto the third distribution beam.

[0033] S6. Installation of the fourth distribution beam and bottom formwork: The fourth distribution beam is erected longitudinally on the Bailey beam, and the bottom formwork template is installed on the fourth distribution beam;

[0034] S7. Installation of bottom formwork reinforcement cage, web reinforcement cage, and prestressed steel strands: After the crossbeam support is prestressed, the bottom formwork reinforcement cage is installed onto the bottom formwork template, and the web reinforcement cage is tied to the bottom formwork reinforcement cage. Then, the inner and outer web templates are installed on both sides of the web reinforcement cage. Prestressed tie rod ducts are opened on both sides of the third embedded part, and prestressed steel strands are installed in the prestressed tie rod ducts.

[0035] S8. Concrete Pouring: The first concrete pour is carried out on the bottom formwork reinforcement cage, web reinforcement cage, and the pouring area formed by the inner and outer formwork of the web. After the concrete has cured, the prestressed steel strands are tensioned for the first time. Then, the lower beam top plate support and top formwork are installed, and the top plate reinforcement cage is tied. Then, the second concrete pour is carried out.

[0036] S9. Removal of crossbeam supports: After construction is completed, the crossbeam supports are removed. Sand is placed in a sandbox before removal, and then the prestressed steel strands are tensioned for the second time.

[0037] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0038] 1. By setting steel pipe columns at the top of the tower pier, the amount of steel used for installing crossbeam supports in related technologies is effectively reduced. A bracket is set at the end of the steel pipe column away from the tower pier. The second and third embedded parts are pre-embedded between the two lower tower columns, so that the bracket is stably installed between the two lower tower columns, which effectively reduces the amount of hoisting work and installation difficulty of using steel brackets and steel arches for support.

[0039] 2. By setting a bracket connection system between adjacent brackets, the adjacent brackets are connected and fixed to each other, which effectively enhances the support strength of the brackets for the Bailey beam. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A.

[0042] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of section B.

[0043] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram used in the embodiments of this application to illustrate the relationship between the triangular support and the Bailey beam.

[0045] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of section C.

[0046] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the BB direction.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0048] 10. Crossbeam support; 11. First distribution beam; 12. Sandbox; 13. Third distribution beam; 20. Steel pipe column; 21. Steel pipe column; 22. Connecting rod; 23. Diagonal brace; 24. Pile cap; 30. Corbel bracket; 31. Semi-bracket; 32. Connecting plate; 33. Horizontal bar; 34. Corbel; 35. Second embedded part; 36. Threaded steel bar; 37. Third embedded part; 40. First embedded part; 41. 42. Hooking steel bar; 43. Fixing plate; 50. Support plate; 51. Prestressed tie rod reserved hole; 60. Prestressed tie rod; 61. Bracket connection system; 62. Longitudinal bar; 70. Lateral limiting steel plate; 71. Steel wedge block; 72. Second distribution beam; 80. Triangular bracket; 81. Support rod; 82. Bailey beam; 83. Clamping part; 84. Fourth distribution beam; 90. Tower pier; 91. Lower tower column. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7 This application will be described in further detail.

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] Reference Figure 1, A formwork system for the lower cross beam of an ultra-high diamond-shaped pier disclosed in the present application includes a cross beam support 10 installed at the top of the pier 90. The cross beam support 10 is arranged along the height direction of the cable tower, and the cross beam support 10 is located between two lower tower columns 91. In this embodiment, the cross beam support 10 serves as the main load-bearing structure for the construction of the lower cross beam.

[0052] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Specifically, the cross beam support 10 includes two groups of steel pipe columns 20 vertically installed at the top of the pier 90 and four groups of bracket supports 30 installed at the ends of the steel pipe columns 20 away from the pier 90. The longitudinal section of the bracket support 30 is generally arranged in a "π" shape. The four groups of bracket supports 30 are equidistantly arranged along the width direction of the lower tower column 91, and both ends of the bracket support 30 are installed on the mutually facing sides of the two lower tower columns 91. The two groups of steel pipe columns 20 are arranged oppositely along the length direction of the pier 90. The number of steel pipe columns 20 in each group is three, and the three steel pipe columns 20 are equidistantly arranged along the width direction of the pier 90. Specifically, the steel pipe column 20 is composed of multiple spliced steel pipe columns 21, and the upper and lower steel pipe columns 21 are connected by flanges. The first embedded part 40 is pre-embedded in the pier 90. The first embedded part 40 is arranged along the height direction of the pier 90, and the number of the first embedded parts 40 is the same as that of the steel pipe columns 20. Specifically, the first embedded part 40 includes several holding-down steel bars 41 pre-embedded in the pier 90 and a fixing plate 42 arranged at the top of the pier 90. The side of the fixing plate 42 facing the holding-down steel bar 41 abuts against the top surface of the pier 90. The several holding-down steel bars 41 are evenly distributed on the side of the fixing plate 42 abutting against the top surface of the pier 90. The top ends of the holding-down steel bars 41 are fixedly welded to the side of the fixing plate 42 facing the pier 90, and the holding-down steel bars 41 are arranged in an "L" shape.

[0053] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , In this embodiment, the fixing plate 42 is made of steel plate, and the cross section of the fixing plate 42 is circular. Several support plates 43 are installed on the side of the fixing plate 42 away from the pier 90. The support plates 43 are made of steel plate and are arranged in a right trapezoid shape. The support plates 43 are used to fix the steel pipe column 21 and the pier 90 to each other. The several support plates 43 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the fixing plate 42, so that the chamber formed between the several support plates 43 can just accommodate the bottom end of the steel pipe column 20. After the bottom end of the steel pipe column 20 is inserted into the chamber, the support plate 43 and the steel pipe column 21 are welded to fix them to each other. By installing the steel pipe column 20 at the top of the pier 90, the required steel pipe materials are less than those required when using a floor steel support, and there is no need for too many bracket wall embedded parts, effectively reducing the steel consumption.

[0054] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Multiple sets of connecting components are installed between two adjacent steel pipe columns 20. These components are evenly spaced along the length of the steel pipe columns 20 and are used to connect and fix the two adjacent steel pipe columns 20. Specifically, each connecting component includes two connecting rods 22, which are arranged opposite each other along the length of the steel pipe column 21. The connecting rods 22 are made of 20b I-beams, and their ends are welded to the two adjacent steel pipe columns 21 respectively. Two diagonal bracing rods 23 are also installed between the upper and lower steel pipe columns 21. The intersection of the two diagonal bracing rods 23 is welded to fix them together. The two ends of the diagonal bracing rods 23 are welded to one end of the connecting rods 22 of the upper and lower steel pipe columns 21 respectively.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 A pile cap 24 is installed at the top of the steel pipe column 20. The pile cap 24 is used to seal the opening of the steel pipe column 20. A first distribution beam 11 is welded to the side of the pile cap 24 away from the steel pipe column 21. The first distribution beam 11 is set along the width direction of the lower tower column 91. The first distribution beam 11 is located between the steel pipe column 20 and the bracket 30. The number of first distribution beams 11 is the same as the number of groups of steel pipe columns 20, and the first distribution beam 11 and the pile cap 24 at the top of each group of steel pipe columns 20 are fixed to each other by welding. The first distribution beam 11 includes three welded H-beams. The three H-beams are arranged side by side along the length direction of the tower pier 90. The upper surfaces of the three H-beams are fixed to each other by bevel welding, and the lower surfaces of the three H-beams are also fixed to each other by bevel welding.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The bracket 30 includes two interlocking semi-brackets 31, which are mirror images of each other and abut against each other at their opposite ends. Four connecting plates 32, made of square steel plates, are welded to the junction of the two semi-brackets 31. These connecting plates 32 are arranged along the length of the semi-brackets 31 and along the circumference of the semi-brackets 31, thus securing the two semi-brackets 31 together.

[0057] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4Specifically, the semi-bracket 31 includes a horizontal bar 33 and a corbel 34 welded to the side of the horizontal bar 33 facing the tower pier 90. The horizontal bar 33 is arranged along the length of the lower tower column 91. Four connecting plates 32 are welded to the four sides of the intersection of the two horizontal bars 33. The corbel 34 is inclined from the end near the lower tower column 91 to the end away from the lower tower column 91. In this embodiment, the horizontal bar 33 is composed of two parallel 56b I-beams. The two I-beams are arranged side by side along the width of the lower tower column 91. A connecting steel plate is welded to the upper surface of the two I-beams. The connecting steel plate is cuboid in shape and is arranged along the length of the horizontal bar 33. The upper surfaces of the two I-beams and the connecting steel plate are fixed to each other by welding. The lower surfaces of the two I-beams are welded to the side of the first distribution beam 11 away from the steel pipe column 21. A second embedded part 35 is pre-embedded in the side wall of the lower tower column 91. One end of the second embedded part 35 is pre-embedded in the lower tower column 91, and the end of the second embedded part 35 away from the lower tower column 91 is fixedly welded to the side of the horizontal bar 33 facing the tower pier 90.

[0058] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the second embedded part 35 includes three 63b H-beams welded together. The three H-beams are arranged parallel to each other along the width direction of the lower tower column 91, and the flanges of adjacent H-beams abut against each other. Fixing steel plates are welded to the upper and lower surfaces of the three H-beams. The length of the fixing steel plates is the same as the length of the H-beams, and the width of the fixing steel plates is the sum of the widths of the three H-beams. (Combined with...) Figure 6 Multiple threaded steel bars 36 are inserted between the two fixed steel plates. The multiple threaded steel bars 36 are evenly spaced along the length of the fixed steel plates, and the two ends of the threaded steel bars 36 extend out of the two fixed steel plates respectively, thereby enhancing the connection and fixation between the second embedded part 35 and the lower tower column 91.

[0059] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 Specifically, the bracket 34 comprises two 56b I-beams welded together, arranged side-by-side along the width of the lower tower column 91. Combined with... Figure 4 A third embedded part 37 is also installed on the side wall of the lower tower column 91. The third embedded part 37 is installed below the second embedded part 35. One end of the third embedded part 37 is embedded in the lower tower column 91, and the other end extends out of the lower tower column 91. The end of the third embedded part 37 extending out of the lower tower column 91 is fixedly connected to the end of the bracket 34 away from the horizontal bar 33. The end of the bracket 34 away from the third embedded part 37 is fixedly welded to the side of the horizontal bar 33 facing the third embedded part 37. In this embodiment, the structure of the third embedded part 37 is the same as that of the second embedded part 35, and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5Furthermore, the third embedded part 37 has prestressed tie rod reserved holes 50 on both sides along the width direction of the lower tower column 91. The prestressed tie rod reserved holes 50 are opened along the length direction of the lower tower column 91, and prestressed tie rods 51 are installed in the prestressed tie rods 50. Multiple prestressed steel strands are pre-installed in the prestressed tie rods 51. After the lower tower column 91 is poured, the prestressed steel strands are tensioned, causing the surrounding concrete material to deform to a certain extent, so as to cope with the load on the lower tower column 91 itself and minimize the cracking of the concrete due to tension.

[0061] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 A bracket connecting system 60 is provided between two adjacent brackets 30. The bracket connecting system 60 is used to connect and fix the two adjacent brackets 30 together. Specifically, the bracket connecting system 60 includes several parallel longitudinal bars 61 and diagonal bars 62 installed between two adjacent longitudinal bars 61. Both the longitudinal bars 61 and the diagonal bars 62 are made of I-beams. The longitudinal bars 61 are evenly arranged along the length of the horizontal bars 33. The two ends of the longitudinal bars 61 are welded to two adjacent horizontal bars 33, and the two ends of the diagonal bars 62 are welded to two adjacent longitudinal bars 61, and the angle between the diagonal bars 62 and the longitudinal bars 61 is an acute angle. Figure 4 When installing the bracket 30, multiple horizontal bars 33 are fixedly connected to the second embedded part 35, and the bracket 34 is fixedly connected to the third embedded part 37 to support the horizontal bars 33. This not only ensures the support strength of the bottom formwork, but also effectively reduces the hoisting workload and installation difficulty of using steel brackets and steel arches for support.

[0062] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6Two sets of lateral limiting steel plates 70 are welded to the side of the horizontal bar 33 away from the second embedded part 35. The lateral limiting steel plates 70 are installed at the end of the horizontal bar 33 near the lower tower column 91. The two sets of lateral limiting steel plates 70 are arranged side by side along the length of the horizontal bar 33, with two plates in each set. The two lateral limiting steel plates 70 in each set are arranged opposite each other along the width of the horizontal bar 33. A steel wedge block 71 is provided between the two lateral limiting steel plates 70 in each set. The steel wedge block 71 is rectangular in shape, and its two ends are welded to the two lateral limiting steel plates 70 respectively. A second distribution beam 72 is welded to the side of the steel wedge block 71 away from the horizontal bar 33. The second distribution beam 72 is arranged along the length of the steel wedge block 71 and is located between the two lateral limiting steel plates 70. In this embodiment, the second distribution beam 72 includes four 45b H-beams welded together. The four H-beams are arranged side by side along the width direction of the steel wedge block 71 and are fixed to each other by welding. The sum of the widths of the four H-beams is equal to the width of the steel wedge block 71, and the two ends of the H-beams are respectively welded to two lateral limiting steel plates 70. By setting up the lateral limiting steel plates 70, the steel wedge block 71, and the second distribution beam 72, the structural strength of the horizontal bar 33 is strengthened, thereby strengthening the support strength of the bracket 30 to the lower crossbeam.

[0063] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 Six sandboxes 12 are installed on the side of the horizontal bar 33 away from the bracket 34, and the six sandboxes 12 are evenly distributed along the length of the horizontal bar 33. A third distribution beam 13 is fixedly installed on the side of the sandboxes 12 away from the horizontal bar 33. The third distribution beam 13 spans the four horizontal bars 33 and includes three parallel H-beams arranged side by side along the length of the horizontal bar 33, and the flanges of the three H-beams are fixed to each other by welding. In this embodiment, the sandboxes 12 are set at the main support points of the horizontal bar 33 and the third distribution beam 13. The sandboxes 12 serve to support the third distribution beam 13 and facilitate the subsequent removal of the crossbeam bracket 10.

[0064] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 Several triangular supports 80 are installed on the side of the third distribution beam 13 away from the steel wedge block 71. The triangular supports 80 are used to support the end of the lower crossbeam near the lower tower column 91. The triangular supports 80 are evenly spaced along the length of the third distribution beam 13. The cross-section of the triangular support 80 is a right triangle, and the hypotenuse of the triangular support 80 abuts against the side wall of the lower crossbeam. A support rod 81 is also provided inside the triangular support 80. One end of the support rod 81 is fixedly welded to the right-angle side of the triangular support 80, and the other end is fixedly welded to the hypotenuse of the triangular support 80 to enhance the structural strength of the triangular support 80.

[0065] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 A Bailey bridge beam 82 is fixedly installed on the side of the third distribution beam 13 away from the sandbox 12. The Bailey bridge beam 82 is composed of several Bailey frames assembled together. The Bailey frames are steel frames that have formed a certain unit, and adjacent Bailey frames are fixed together by means of decorative elements and bolts. In addition, two abutment parts 83 are provided between the triangular bracket 80 and the Bailey bridge beam 82. The abutment parts 83 are used to press the triangular bracket 80 against the Bailey bridge beam 82, and the two abutment parts 83 are arranged opposite each other along the height direction of the Bailey bridge beam 82. Figure 4 In this embodiment, the clamping part 83 is made of 20b I-beam, and the clamping part is arranged along the width direction of the lower tower column 91. When the Bailey beam 82 is hoisted above the third distribution beam 13, the triangular brackets 80 on both sides of the Bailey beam 82 play a limiting role in the Bailey beam 82, and the clamping part 83 effectively reduces the possibility of displacement of the Bailey beam 82 when it is fixed.

[0066] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 Several fourth distribution beams 84 are welded to the side of Bailey beam 82 away from the third distribution beam 13. The several fourth distribution beams 84 are evenly spaced along the length of the horizontal bar 33. The fourth distribution beams 84 are made of 14b I-beams. The side of the fourth distribution beams 84 away from Bailey beam 82 is fixedly connected to the bottom formwork template.

[0067] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 After the crossbeam support 10 is fixedly installed, the bottom formwork template is installed on the fourth distribution beam 84. The bottom formwork template is located between the two lower tower columns 91. After the bottom formwork template is fixedly placed on the fourth distribution beam 84, the crossbeam support 10 can be pre-stressed.

[0068] A bottom formwork reinforcement cage is tied to the bottom formwork template, and a web reinforcement cage is tied to the bottom formwork reinforcement cage, thus forming a single-box, three-chamber lower beam after pouring. Both the bottom formwork reinforcement cage and the web reinforcement cage are rectangular slabs, constructed using modular construction methods. They are prefabricated in the steel reinforcement plant and hoisted onto the bottom formwork template on site. After the bottom formwork template, bottom formwork reinforcement cage, and web reinforcement cage are installed and fixed, the inner and outer web formwork are installed on both sides of the web reinforcement cage, allowing for the first concrete pouring of the lower beam to a height of six meters. After the concrete has cured, the prestressed steel strands are tensioned for the first time to a strength of 50%. Then, the lower beam top plate support and top formwork are installed, and the top plate reinforcement cage is tied. Finally, the lower beam undergoes a second concrete pouring.

[0069] Once the crossbeam structure reaches the required strength, the crossbeam support 10 can be dismantled, the sand in the sandbox 12 can be released, and the third distribution beam 13 can be lowered to a certain height, so that the bottom formwork template and the fourth distribution beam 84 can be separated from each other, thereby dismantling the crossbeam support 10.

[0070] The implementation principle of Embodiment 1 of this application is as follows: Before constructing the lower crossbeam, a crossbeam support 10 needs to be installed on the top of the tower pier 90. First, a first embedded part 40 is pre-embedded on the top of the tower pier 90. Then, the steel pipe column 21 is fixed to the first embedded part 40, and multiple steel pipe columns 21 are fixedly connected by flanges. Then, a first distribution beam 11 is installed on the top of the steel pipe column 20. By installing the steel pipe column 20 on the top of the tower pier 90, the required steel pipe material is less than that required when using a ground-mounted steel support, and there is no need for too many support wall-mounted embedded parts, effectively reducing the amount of steel used to install the crossbeam support 10.

[0071] After the first distribution beam 11 is installed, the second embedded part 35 and the third embedded part 37 are installed on the side wall of the lower tower column 91. One end of the horizontal bar 33 is fixedly connected to the second embedded part 35, and the end of the bracket 34 away from the horizontal bar 33 is fixedly connected to the third embedded part 37. The sand box 12 and the third distribution beam 13 are installed on the horizontal bar 33. Then, the Bailey beam 82 is hoisted onto the third distribution beam 13 using a tower crane. The fourth distribution beam 84 is then erected on the Bailey beam 82, and finally, the bottom formwork is installed on the fourth distribution beam 84. By using multiple horizontal bars 33 fixedly connected to the second embedded part 35, supplemented by the bracket 34 and the third embedded part 37, the horizontal bar 33 is supported, which not only ensures the support strength of the bottom formwork, but also effectively reduces the hoisting workload and installation difficulty of using steel brackets and steel arches for support.

[0072] Example 2:

[0073] This application discloses a construction method for the crossbeam under an ultra-high rhomboid tower pier, including,

[0074] S1. Construction layout: According to the drawings and construction requirements, construction layout shall be carried out on the top of the 90-meter-high pier of the diamond-shaped cable tower.

[0075] S2. Installation of steel pipe column 20 and first embedded part 40: The first embedded part 40 is embedded in the top of the tower pier 90, and the steel pipe column 20 is installed on the first embedded part 40. The steel pipe column 20 is installed between two lower tower columns 91. The steel pipe column 20 includes several steel pipe columns 21 spliced ​​together. Two steel pipe columns 21 are fixed to each other by flanges. Multiple connecting rods 22 and diagonal bracing rods 23 are installed between two adjacent steel pipe columns 20.

[0076] S3. Installation of the first distribution beam 11: A pile cap 24 is installed at the top of the steel pipe column 20, and the first distribution beam 11 is fixed by welding at the junction with the pile cap 24 of each group of steel pipe columns 20.

[0077] S4. Installation of bracket 30, second embedded part 35, and third embedded part 37: The second embedded part 35 and the third embedded part 37 are embedded in the side wall of the lower tower column 91, and the half bracket 31 is hoisted between the two lower tower columns 91, so that the horizontal bar 33 is fixedly connected to the second embedded part 35. A second distribution beam 72 is set at the end of the horizontal bar 33 near the lower tower column 91 to strengthen the structural strength of the horizontal bar 33. The end of the bracket 34 away from the horizontal bar 33 is fixedly connected to the third embedded part 37. After both half brackets 31 are fixed, the connecting plate 32 is welded at the junction of the two half brackets 31.

[0078] S5. Installation of the third distribution beam 13 and Bailey beam 82: Install sandbox 12 on horizontal bar 33, and erect the third distribution beam 13 on sandbox 12. Place sandbox 12 at the intersection of horizontal bar 33 and third distribution beam 13. Then use a tower crane to hoist Bailey beam 82 onto the third distribution beam 13.

[0079] S6. Installation of the fourth distribution beam 84 and the bottom formwork: The fourth distribution beam 84 is erected longitudinally on the Bailey beam 82, and the bottom formwork template is installed on the fourth distribution beam 84;

[0080] S7. Installation of bottom formwork reinforcement cage, web reinforcement cage, and prestressed steel strands: After the crossbeam support 10 is pre-stressed, the bottom formwork reinforcement cage is installed onto the bottom formwork template, and the web reinforcement cage is tied to the bottom formwork reinforcement cage. Then, the inner and outer web templates are installed on both sides of the web reinforcement cage. Prestressed tie rod reserved holes 50 are opened on both sides of the third embedded part 37, and prestressed steel strands are installed in the prestressed tie rod reserved holes 50.

[0081] S8. Concrete Pouring: The first concrete pour is carried out on the bottom formwork reinforcement cage, web reinforcement cage, and the pouring area formed by the inner and outer formwork of the web. After the concrete has cured, the prestressed steel strands are tensioned for the first time. Then, the lower beam top plate support and top formwork are installed, and the top plate reinforcement cage is tied. Then, the second concrete pour is carried out.

[0082] S9. Removal of crossbeam support 10: After the construction is completed, the crossbeam support 10 is removed. Sand is placed in the sandbox 12 before removal. Then, the prestressed steel strands are tensioned for the second time.

[0083] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A formwork system for a crossbeam under a super-high diamond-shaped tower pier, comprising a crossbeam support (10) arranged on the top of the tower pier (90), characterized in that: The crossbeam support (10) comprises a plurality of steel pipe columns (20) and a corbel bracket (30) arranged at one end of the steel pipe column (20) away from the tower pier (90); a first embedded part (40) is arranged on the top of the tower pier (90); one end of the first embedded part (40) is embedded in the tower pier (90), and the other end extends out of the tower pier (90) and is fixedly connected to the steel pipe column (20); a connecting component for connecting and fixing the two adjacent steel pipe columns (20) is arranged between the two adjacent corbel brackets (30); a bracket connection system (60) for fixing the two mutually is arranged between the two adjacent corbel brackets (30); the corbel bracket (30) comprises at least two mutually spliced ​​half brackets (31); a connecting plate (32) is fixedly arranged at the intersection of the two half brackets (31); and a Bailey beam (82) for supporting the bottom mold template is arranged on the corbel bracket (30); The half bracket (31) comprises a horizontal rod (33) and a corbel (34) arranged on a side of the horizontal rod (33) facing the tower pier (90); a second embedded part (35) is arranged on a side wall of the lower tower column (91); an end of the second embedded part (35) away from the lower tower column (91) is fixedly arranged on a side of the horizontal rod (33) facing the tower pier (90); and a third embedded part (37) is arranged on the side wall of the lower tower column (91); One end of the bracket (37) away from the lower tower column (91) is fixedly connected to one end of the bracket (34) away from the horizontal rod (33); one end of the bracket (34) away from the third embedded part (37) is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the horizontal rod (33); a first distribution beam (11) is provided at the top end of the steel pipe column (20); a side of the first distribution beam (11) away from the steel pipe column (20) is fixedly connected to the horizontal rod (33); The bracket connection system (60) comprises a plurality of longitudinal rods (61) and an oblique rod (62) arranged between two adjacent longitudinal rods (61), the two ends of the longitudinal rod (61) being respectively fixedly arranged on the horizontal rods (33) of two adjacent half brackets (31), and the two ends of the oblique rod (62) being fixedly arranged on the two adjacent longitudinal rods (61).

2. The formwork system for the lower cross beam of a super-high diamond-shaped tower pier according to claim 1 is characterized by: The steel pipe column (20) comprises a plurality of steel pipe columns (21) spliced ​​together, the upper and lower steel pipe columns (21) are fixedly connected via a flange, and the bottom end of the steel pipe column (21) is fixedly connected to the first embedded part (40).

3. The formwork system for the lower cross beam of a super-high diamond-shaped tower pier according to claim 2 is characterized by: The first embedded part (40) comprises a plurality of hooking steel bars (41) arranged in the tower pier (90) and a fixing plate (42) arranged at the top of the hooking steel bars (41); the fixing plate (42) is in contact with the top surface of the tower pier (90) on the side facing the hooking steel bars (41); a plurality of supporting plates (43) are arranged on the side of the fixing plate (42) facing away from the tower pier (90); and the supporting plate (43) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the steel pipe column (21).

4. The formwork system for the lower cross beam of a super-high diamond-shaped tower pier according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of lateral limiting steel plates (70) are arranged on the side of the horizontal rod (33) away from the second embedded part (35), steel wedge blocks (71) are arranged between the lateral limiting steel plates (70), a second distribution beam (72) is arranged on the steel wedge blocks (71), and one end of the second distribution beam (72) abuts against the steel wedge blocks (71).

5. The formwork system for the lower cross beam of a super-high diamond-shaped tower pier according to claim 4, characterized in that: A triangular bracket (80) is provided on the side of the second distribution beam (72) facing away from the steel wedge block (71), and the triangular bracket (80) is provided on the side of the Bailey beam (82) facing the lower tower column (91). A tightening portion (83) for tightening the triangular bracket (80) and the Bailey beam (82) is provided between the triangular bracket (80) and the Bailey beam (82).

6. The formwork system for the lower cross beam of a super-high diamond-shaped tower pier according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support rod (81) is arranged inside the triangular bracket (80), and two ends of the support rod (81) are respectively arranged on the right angle side and the hypotenuse of the triangular bracket (80).

7. The formwork system for the lower cross beam of a super-high diamond-shaped tower pier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connection assembly comprises a connection rod (22), both ends of which are respectively fixedly connected to two adjacent steel pipe columns (21), and a diagonal brace rod (23) is further provided between the two adjacent connection rods (22).

8. A construction method for the lower cross beam of a super-high diamond-shaped tower pier, using the formwork system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include, S1. Construction layout: According to the drawings and construction requirements, construction layout is performed at the top of the tower pier (90) of the diamond-shaped cable tower; S2, installation of the steel pipe column (20) and the first embedded part (40): embedding the first embedded part (40) at the top of the tower pier (90), installing the steel pipe column (20) on the first embedded part (40), and installing the steel pipe column (20) between the two lower tower columns (91), the steel pipe column (20) comprising a plurality of steel pipe columns (21) spliced ​​to each other, fixing the two steel pipe columns (21) to each other through flanges, and installing a plurality of connecting rods (22) and diagonal bracing rods (23) between two adjacent steel pipe columns (20); S3, installation of the first distribution beam (11): a pile cap (24) is arranged at the top of the steel pipe column (20), and the first distribution beam (11) and the pile cap (24) of each group of steel pipe columns (20) are fixed by welding at the intersection; S4, installation of the corbel bracket (30), the second embedded part (35) and the third embedded part (37): embed the second embedded part (35) and the third embedded part (37) in the side wall of the lower tower column (91), and hoist the half bracket (31) between the two lower tower columns (91) so that the horizontal rod (33) is fixedly connected to the second embedded part (35), and a second distribution beam (72) is arranged at one end of the horizontal rod (33) close to the lower tower column (91) so that the structural strength of the horizontal rod (33) is strengthened; one end of the corbel (34) away from the horizontal rod (33) is fixedly connected to the third embedded part (37), and after the two half brackets (31) are fixed, a connecting plate (32) is welded at the intersection of the two half brackets (31); S5, installation of the third distribution beam (13) and the Bailey beam (82): installing a sandbox (12) on the horizontal rod (33), and setting up the third distribution beam (13) on the sandbox (12), and placing sandboxes (12) at the intersections of the horizontal rod (33) and the third distribution beam (13); then hoisting the Bailey beam (82) onto the third distribution beam (13) by a tower crane; S6, installing the fourth distribution beam (84) and the bottom formwork: erecting the fourth distribution beam (84) on the Bailey beam (82) along the longitudinal direction, and installing the bottom formwork template on the fourth distribution beam (84); S7, installation of the bottom form steel bar skeleton, web steel bar skeleton and prestressed steel strands: after the crossbeam support (10) is pre-stressed, the bottom form steel bar skeleton is installed on the bottom form template, and the web steel bar skeleton is tied on the bottom form steel bar skeleton, and then the web inner and outer templates are installed on both sides of the web steel bar skeleton; prestressed tie rod reserved holes (50) are opened on both sides of the third embedded part (37), and prestressed steel strands are installed in the prestressed tie rod reserved holes (50); S8, concrete pouring: the first concrete pouring is performed on the pouring area formed by the bottom formwork steel frame, the web steel frame and the inner and outer web formworks. After the concrete is cured, the prestressed steel strands are tensioned for the first time; then the lower beam top plate bracket and the top formwork are installed, and the top plate steel frame is tied, and then the second concrete pouring is performed; S9, dismantling of the cross beam support (10): After the construction is completed, the cross beam support (10) is dismantled by placing sand in a sand box (12), and then the prestressed steel strands are tensioned for the second time.

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