Low profile dual polarized antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-profile dual-polarized antenna and an electronic device. The low-profile dual-polarized antenna comprises a first and a second metal layer arranged relatively to each other and an insulating dielectric layer arranged between the first and the second metal layers; the first metal layer comprises a coupling unit and a plurality of parasitic plates arranged around the coupling unit, and there is no contact between the plurality of parasitic plates, and there is no contact between the parasitic plates and the coupling unit; a connecting structure and a feeding unit are also arranged in the insulating dielectric layer, and the second metal layer is electrically connected to the parasitic plates and their corresponding connecting structures to form an open ring-shaped resonance unit; the coupling unit can resonate with the resonance unit; and the feeding unit is used to feed the coupling unit. The low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by the present invention enables the dual-polarized antenna to obtain a larger bandwidth on the basis of a low profile, innovatively uses the floor of the patch antenna as part of the radiator, lengthens the current path, and further reduces the cross-sectional size of the antenna, which is conducive to the miniaturization of electronic equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dual-polarized antennas, and in particular to a low-profile dual-polarized antenna and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] Antenna is a converter that converts the guided waves propagating on the transmission line into electromagnetic waves propagating in an unbounded medium (usually free space), or vice versa. It is a component used to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves in radio equipment. Engineering systems such as radio communications, broadcasting, television, radar, navigation, electronic countermeasures, remote sensing, and radio astronomy, all of which use electromagnetic waves to transmit information, rely on antennas to work.

[0003] With the development of science and technology, various electronic devices such as mobile phones, computers, and smart wearable devices are becoming increasingly miniaturized. Due to the space limitations of miniaturized terminal devices, antennas need to be designed with a low profile. However, for patch antennas, a low profile means a narrow bandwidth, which contradicts the large bandwidth we need, and the physical size of the antenna is difficult to achieve low-profile miniaturization.

[0004] In order to increase the communication capacity of the antenna, the antenna is usually designed with dual polarization. Dual polarization antenna is a new antenna technology that combines two mutually orthogonal antennas with polarization directions of +45° and -45° and works in the transmit and receive duplex mode at the same time. Therefore, its most prominent advantage is that it saves the number of antennas of a single directional base station.

[0005] The structure of a dual-polarized antenna is more complex than that of a single-polarized antenna. Due to space limitations of devices such as terminals, the antenna needs to be designed to be as low-profile and miniaturized as possible. However, due to frequency band and bandwidth limitations of the antenna, it is difficult to miniaturize the physical size of the antenna.

[0006] How to achieve a larger bandwidth for a dual-polarized antenna on the basis of a low profile has become a difficult problem facing R&D designers. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a low-profile dual-polarization antenna and an electronic device.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a low-profile dual-polarized antenna, comprising a first metal layer, a second metal layer arranged opposite to each other, and an insulating medium layer arranged between the first metal layer and the second metal layer;

[0010] The first metal layer includes a coupling unit and a plurality of parasitic sheets arranged around the coupling unit, wherein the plurality of parasitic sheets are not in contact with each other, and the parasitic sheets are not in contact with the coupling unit;

[0011] The insulating medium layer is also provided with a connecting structure and a feeding unit. The second metal layer is electrically connected to the parasitic plate and its corresponding connecting structure to form a resonance unit with a ring opening. The coupling unit can resonate with the resonance unit. The feeding unit is used to feed the coupling unit.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising the above-mentioned low-profile dual-polarization antenna.

[0013] In the above technical solution, by setting a coupling unit, energy is coupled to the resonance unit formed by the electrical connection between the grounded second metal layer and the parasitic plate and its corresponding connecting structure in a coupling manner, and the resonance unit can generate radiation, that is, resonance is generated, thereby achieving the effect of expanding the antenna bandwidth on a smaller antenna cross-sectional area.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention at least include:

[0015] The low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by the present invention enables the dual-polarized antenna to obtain a larger bandwidth on the basis of the low profile, innovatively uses the floor of the patch antenna as a part of the radiator, lengthens the current path, and further reduces the size of the antenna. The cross-sectional size can be further reduced to 0.03 wavelengths, which is conducive to the miniaturization of electronic equipment.

[0016] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application and implement them according to the contents of the specification, the following is a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with detailed drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by a typical implementation case of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a top view of a low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by a typical implementation example of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by a typical implementation case of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a simulated S-parameter curve diagram of a low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by a typical implementation case of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a radiation pattern of a low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by a typical implementation case of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of current flow under the condition of f=2.4GHz of a low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by a typical implementation case of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of current flow under the condition of f=2.8GHz of a low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by a typical implementation case of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by another typical implementation example of the present invention;

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the resonant unit of a low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by a typical implementation case of the present invention;

[0026] Fig.10 is a top view structural schematic diagram of a low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by another typical implementation case of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.11 is a top view structural schematic diagram of a low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by another typical implementation case of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.12 is a top view structural schematic diagram of a low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by another typical implementation case of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.13 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a low-profile dual-polarization antenna provided by another typical implementation case of the present invention.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] 10. First metal layer; 20. Insulating dielectric layer; 30. Second metal layer;

[0032] 101, coupling unit; 1011, first linear structure; 1012, second linear structure; 102, parasitic sheet;

[0033] 201, connecting structure; 202, feeding unit; 2021, first feeding port; 2022, second feeding port; 2023, first feeding board; 2024, second feeding board;

[0034] 301. Resonance unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the inventor of this case has proposed the technical solution of the present invention after long-term research and extensive practice. The technical solution, its implementation process and principle will be further explained as follows.

[0036] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0037] Moreover, relational terms such as “first” and “second” are merely used to distinguish one component or method step from another with the same name, but do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these components or method steps.

[0038] See also Figure 1-Figure 13 An embodiment of the present invention provides a low-profile dual-polarized antenna, comprising a first metal layer 10, a second metal layer 30 arranged opposite to each other, and an insulating dielectric layer 20 arranged between the first metal layer 10 and the second metal layer 30; the first metal layer 10 comprises a coupling unit 101 and a plurality of parasitic plates 102 arranged around the coupling unit 101, and there is no contact between the plurality of parasitic plates 102, and there is no contact between the parasitic plates 102 and the coupling unit 101; a connecting structure 201 and a feeding unit 202 are further arranged in the insulating dielectric layer 20, the second metal layer 30 is electrically connected to the parasitic plates 102 and their corresponding connecting structure 201, forming an open ring-shaped resonance unit 301; the coupling unit 101 can resonate with the resonance unit 301; the feeding unit 202 is used to feed the coupling unit 101.

[0039] Based on the above implementation scheme, the technical solution provided by the present invention innovatively proposes to use the floor of the patch antenna (i.e., the second metal layer 30) as part of the radiator, so that the current path can be increased, the antenna size can be further reduced, and the cross-section can be further reduced. In some implementations, the cross-sectional size can be reduced to 0.03 wavelengths.

[0040] Preferably, the size of the open ring resonant unit composed of the parasitic plate 102, the connecting structure 201 and the second metal layer 30 is about 1 wavelength.

[0041] Continue to see Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 In some embodiments, the coupling unit 101 includes a first linear structure 1011 and a second linear structure 1012 that are vertically cross-connected.

[0042] In some embodiments, the shapes of the first linear structure 1011 and / or the second linear structure 1012 include a straight line and / or a broken line.

[0043] In some embodiments, the feeding unit 202 includes a first feeding port 2021 and a second feeding port 2022 for feeding power to the coupling unit 101 .

[0044] In some embodiments, when the coupling unit is composed of the first linear structure 1011 and the second linear structure 1012 , the first feeding port 2021 can be used to feed the first linear structure 1011 , and the second feeding port 2022 can be used to feed the second linear structure 1012 .

[0045] In some embodiments, the first feeding port 2021 is in electrical contact with the first linear structure 1011 , and the second feeding port 2022 is in electrical contact with the second linear structure 1012 .

[0046] The lengths of the first linear structure 1011 and the second linear structure 1012 are preferably set to be approximately 0.5 times the wavelength.

[0047] In some embodiments, the feeding unit 202 also includes a first feeding board 2023 and a second feeding board 2024 arranged in the insulating medium layer 20; the first feeding port 2021 is electrically connected to the first feeding board 2023, and the second feeding port 2022 is electrically connected to the second feeding board 2024; the first feeding board 2023 is used to couple and feed the first linear structure 1011, and the second feeding board 2024 is used to couple and feed the second linear structure 1012.

[0048] In some embodiments, an extension direction of the first feeding board 2023 is parallel to an extension direction of the first linear structure 1011 , and an extension direction of the second feeding board 2024 is parallel to an extension direction of the second linear structure 1012 .

[0049] In some embodiments, the coupling unit 101 has a shape including any one of a tic-tac-toe shape, an L shape, and a T shape.

[0050] In some embodiments, the parasitic sheet 102 has a notch, and the notch faces the coupling unit 101 .

[0051] In some embodiments, the notch is an arc-shaped notch. Preferably, the notch is an arc-shaped notch, and the shape of the remaining position of the parasitic sheet 102 is a square, and the notch is set at one corner of the square, and is symmetrical with the center point of the tic-tac-toe structure. In addition, the positions of the four parasitic sheets 102 are distributed directly opposite to the tic-tac-toe intersection of the tic-tac-toe coupling unit 101.

[0052] In some embodiments, the second metal layer 30 is a continuous metal layer, and the second metal layer 30 and any two parasitic plates 102 and their corresponding connecting structures 201 form a resonant unit 301 with an annular opening.

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through several embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the selected embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] This embodiment illustrates a low-profile dual-polarized antenna, whose structure is as follows: Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0056] The size of the exemplary antenna is 50*50*4 mm, and the insulating medium layer 20 is made of a PCB board with DK=3.6.

[0057] The low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided in this embodiment is composed of a PCB board (as the insulating medium layer 20), two metal layers (as the first metal layer 10 and the second metal layer 30), the first metal layer 10 is composed of a "well" shaped metal strip (as the coupling unit 101, two pairs of mutually perpendicular lines in the well shape are respectively used as the first linear structure 1011 and the second linear structure 1012, and are perpendicular to each other to form a dual-polarized structure, and the first linear structure 1011 protrudes from the second linear structure 1012, and the second linear structure 1012 protrudes from the first linear structure 1011) and an open metal sheet (as the parasitic sheet 102), wherein the open metal sheet surrounds the "well" shaped metal strip; the second metal layer 30 serves as the antenna floor, and the parasitic sheet 102 is connected to the second metal layer 30 through a connecting structure 201 formed by metallized vias or metal columns; the feeding unit 202 can be directly connected to the coupling unit 101 by metallized vias or metal columns, such as Figure 3 The first feeding port 2021 is connected to the first linear structure 1011, and the second feeding port 2022 is connected to the second linear structure 1012. The connection points are both set at the center point of the first linear structure 1011 or the second linear structure 1012.

[0058] Figure 4The S parameter curve of the low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided in this embodiment is shown. Due to the symmetry of the structure, that is, the shape of the coupling unit 101 and the shape and arrangement position of the parasitic plate 102 are symmetrically arranged with the geometric center of the antenna as the symmetry point, S11 and S22 in the figure coincide, and S21 and S12 coincide. It can be seen that the relative bandwidth of S11 less than or equal to -10dB and |S21| (isolation) greater than or equal to 15dB is about 25%, which is significantly better than the prior art.

[0059] Figure 5 The radiation pattern of the low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided in this embodiment is shown, from which it can be seen that the maximum radiation direction of the antenna provided in this embodiment is the vertical antenna structure. It is particularly suitable for terminal equipment in high-frequency (such as millimeter wave) frequency bands. However, the above antenna radiation direction is only specific to a preferred embodiment and is not an absolute limitation of the present invention. Other embodiments based on the technical solution of the present invention may have other radiation directions different from this.

[0060] Figure 6 and Figure 7 They are respectively schematic diagrams of current direction simulation of the coupling unit 101 and the resonant unit 301 of the low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided in this embodiment, Figure 6 In the circuit, the resonance is mainly caused by the ring formed by the "well" shaped metal strips. Therefore, the size of the ring formed by the "well" shaped metal strips affects the resonance frequency. Figure 7 In the embodiment, the resonance is mainly composed of a resonance unit 301 (such as Fig. 9 An open ring (as shown in the open box in the figure) is produced, so the size of the open ring affects the resonant frequency.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] This embodiment illustrates a low-profile dual-polarized antenna, which is substantially the same as the embodiment 1, except that the feeding mode of the feeding unit 202 is replaced by coupled feeding instead of direct feeding. Figure 8 shown.

[0063] The low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided in this embodiment is composed of 2 layers of PCB boards and 3 layers of metal layers. The upper and lower layers are the same as those in Embodiment 1 (the overall structural size is also 50*50*4mm). The feeding unit 202 is changed from direct feeding of the metal column to L-shaped probe coupling feeding, that is, the L-shaped metal feeding unit 202 composed of the metal column and the first feeding board 2023 or the second feeding board 2024 is not directly connected to the "well"-shaped structure, but generates electromagnetic coupling.

[0064] The first feeding board 2023 or the second feeding board 2024 is preferably parallel to the corresponding lines of the tic-tac-toe shape, and further preferably, their projections along the thickness direction of the low-profile dual-polarization antenna are partially overlapped.

[0065] In the implementation scheme illustrated in the above embodiment, Fig. 9 As shown, the parasitic sheet 102 is connected to the second metal layer 30 through a connection mechanism formed by metallized vias or metal pillars to form an open resonant ring as the resonant unit 301. However, in other embodiments, the open ring can generate a ring resonance.

[0066] Furthermore, the shape of the coupling unit 101 is not limited to the tic-tac-toe shape, and any coupling structure including a patch shape, a circle (including a ring), a cross shape, a hexagon, etc. is also possible. Figure 10-12 The feeding method can be a direct feeding method in which a metallized via is connected to a cross-shaped structure branch, or a metallized via is connected to a metal section to form an L-shaped or T-shaped structure. Fig.13 As long as the dual-polarization shape is met and the coupling with the above-mentioned resonant unit 301 is achieved, the technical effect of the present invention can be achieved. At the same time, conventional replacements for the above-mentioned shapes and structures should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0067] An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including the low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by any of the above-mentioned embodiments; the electronic device provided by the present invention is but not limited to a usage device, such as a mobile phone, a watch, a CPE, a base station and other devices.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first metal layer 10 of the low-profile dual-polarized antenna is disposed on the housing of the electronic device; for example, the low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by the present invention can form a folded low structure with the back cover or protective shell (case) of the above-mentioned electronic device to generate antenna resonance. Specifically, the antenna provided by the present invention can be applied in many scenarios. It is not limited to the implementation method based on the PCB board similar to Examples 1 and 2. Specific to other application scenarios, it is possible to use the structural parts of the electronic device, such as the housing or back cover, to construct an antenna structure with the same principle as the present invention. For example, taking a mobile phone as an example: the back cover is a non-metal back cover, the coupling unit 101 and the parasitic sheet 102 can be printed on the inner surface of the back cover of the mobile phone to form the first metal layer 10, and the second metal layer 30 can be a metal ground on the main board of the mobile phone. The electrical connection between the two can be achieved by a metal spring, and the spring is used as the connecting structure 201, so that an open ring structure is formed, and its insulating dielectric layer 20 is also changed from PCB material to an air layer between the back cover and the main board. The above-mentioned application scenarios different from Examples 1 and 2 also use the same principles and structures of the present invention, and should belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] It can be clearly seen from the above application examples that the protection scope of the present invention is subject to the claims and is not limited by some of the exemplary implementations specifically disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0070] In some embodiments, the low-profile dual-polarized antenna is conformal to a portion of the structure of the electronic device, including but not limited to antenna designs conformal to stereo models such as cameras, keyboards, and buttons, and antenna designs conformal to SAR radiators.

[0071] In addition, it should be noted that the frequency bands shown in the figure are the frequency band ranges exemplified in some typical implementation cases of the present invention. Given that the frequency band range can be adaptively adjusted by adjusting the antenna size as needed, the antenna frequency bands covered by the protection scope of the present invention are not limited to the frequency bands shown in the figure.

[0072] Based on the above embodiments, it can be clearly seen that the embodiment of the present invention couples energy to the resonant unit 301 formed by the electrical connection between the grounded second metal layer 30 and the parasitic plate 102 and its corresponding connecting structure 201 by setting a coupling unit 101, and the resonant unit 301 can generate radiation, that is, resonance is generated, thereby achieving the effect of expanding the antenna bandwidth on a smaller antenna cross-sectional area. The low-profile dual-polarized antenna provided by the present invention enables the dual-polarized antenna to obtain a larger bandwidth on the basis of a low profile, innovatively uses the floor of the patch antenna as part of the radiator, lengthens the current path, and further reduces the size of the antenna. The cross-sectional size can be further reduced to 0.03 wavelengths, which is conducive to the miniaturization of electronic devices.

[0073] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low profile dual-polarized antenna, characterized in that: It includes a first metal layer and a second metal layer which are arranged opposite to each other, an insulating medium layer which is arranged between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, and a metal column or a hole which connects the first metal layer and the second metal layer as a connecting structure; The first metal layer includes a coupling unit and a plurality of parasitic sheets arranged around the coupling unit, wherein the plurality of parasitic sheets are not in contact with each other, the parasitic sheets are not in contact with the coupling unit, and the parasitic sheets are connected to the second metal layer through metal columns or holes; A feeding unit is also provided in the insulating dielectric layer, the second metal layer is electrically connected to the parasitic sheet and its corresponding connecting structure, the second metal layer is a continuous metal layer, and the second metal layer and any two parasitic sheets and their corresponding connecting structures form a resonant unit with an annular opening, forming a capacitance characteristic, and the size of the opening of the resonant unit affects the resonant frequency; the coupling unit can resonate with the resonant unit; the feeding unit is used to feed the coupling unit; The coupling unit has a shape selected from a tic-tac-toe shape, including a first linear structure and a second linear structure vertically cross-connected, wherein the shapes of the first linear structure and the second linear structure include a straight line shape and / or a folded line shape, and the feeding unit includes a first feeding port and a second feeding port, which are used to feed the coupling unit, wherein the first feeding port is used to feed the first linear structure, and the second feeding port is used to feed the second linear structure; The cross-sectional size of the low-profile dual-polarized antenna is reduced to 0.03 wavelengths.

2. The low-profile dual-polarization antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first feeding port is electrically connected to the first linear structure, and the second feeding port is electrically connected to the second linear structure.

3. The low-profile dual-polarization antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding unit further comprises a first feeding board and a second feeding board arranged in the insulating medium layer; The first feeding port is electrically connected to the first feeding board, and the second feeding port is electrically connected to the second feeding board; The first feeding board is used for coupling and feeding the first linear structure, and the second feeding board is used for coupling and feeding the second linear structure.

4. The low-profile dual-polarization antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: An extension direction of the first feeding board is parallel to an extension direction of the first linear structure, and an extension direction of the second feeding board is parallel to an extension direction of the second linear structure.

5. The low-profile dual-polarization antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parasitic sheet has a notch, the notch faces the coupling unit, and the notch is an arc-shaped notch.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a low-profile dual-polarized antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first metal layer of the low-profile dual-polarized antenna is arranged on the housing of the electronic device.

8. The electronic device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The low-profile dual-polarized antenna is conformal to a portion of the structure of the electronic device.

Images