Fault-slip rock burst simulation test system for coal mine tunnels

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of coal mine model test, and provides a coal mine tunnel fault slip type rock burst simulation test system, which solves the problem that the current model test equipment cannot meet the fault slip type rock burst simulation. The system can achieve the real simulation of fault slip type rock burst and the accurate capture of precursor information through a gas-liquid composite loading device, a superposition loading device, a fault locking device, a fault activation actuation device, a double-layer mechanical friction reduction device, and a three-dimensional fault slip monitoring device. Its technical scheme is: applying ground stress in different directions to the model body to cause the upper plate section and the lower plate section of the fault to slide, judging whether the fault slips according to the data monitored by the high-precision monitoring module, if no slip occurs, then starting the fault activation actuation device, applying cyclic dynamic load to the model body until the fault slips and rock burst occurs in the tunnel. The present invention provides scientific instruments and research platforms for revealing the mechanism of fault slip type rock burst in coal mine tunnels and establishing a disaster early warning and prevention system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of coal mine model tests, and in particular relates to a coal mine tunnel fault slip type rock burst simulation test system. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] As shallow coal resources are gradually depleted, deep mining is imperative. In the process of deep coal mining, faults are the most common geological structure. When mining in the fault-affected area, it is easy to cause fault slippage, which in turn causes rock burst accidents, seriously threatening the safe and efficient mining of coal mines.

[0004] Geomechanical model tests are an effective means of studying the mechanism and control methods of underground engineering disasters. The successful reproduction of the process of rock burst caused by fault slip through model tests is of great significance for clarifying the mechanism of such disasters and preventing and controlling the occurrence of such rock burst accidents.

[0005] However, the current model test equipment cannot meet the simulation of fault slip type rock burst, mainly due to the following reasons:

[0006] (1) It is impossible to effectively activate the faults in the model and cause them to slip.

[0007] (2) The simulated stress at the model body boundary is low and cannot meet the energy storage requirements.

[0008] (3) It is impossible to monitor the energy released during fault slip and impact.

[0009] (4) It is unable to meet the instantaneous stress compensation after impact. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to solve at least one technical problem existing in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a coal mine tunnel fault slip type impact ground pressure simulation test system, which uses a boundary gas-liquid composite loading device, a fault activation actuation device, a fault locking device, a double-layer mechanical friction reduction device, and a real-time monitoring and analysis device to perform true triaxial model boundary energy storage and dynamic and static loading, multi-type fault instantaneous activation and slip simulation, and multi-parameter data parallel acquisition and real-time fusion, so as to achieve a real simulation of fault slip type impact ground pressure and accurately capture precursor information, thereby providing scientific instruments and research platforms for revealing the occurrence mechanism of fault slip type impact ground pressure in coal mine tunnels and establishing a disaster early warning and prevention and control system.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0012] A coal mine tunnel fault slip type rock burst simulation test system, comprising a model test device and a control cabinet, wherein the model test device comprises an impact loading module, a fault activation module and a high-precision monitoring module, wherein the fault activation module comprises a fault activation actuation device and a fault locking device, wherein the fault locking device comprises an upper plate section, a lower plate section and a locking section, wherein the upper plate section and the lower plate section are connected by a locking section;

[0013] The control cabinet is configured as follows: based on the setting of the magnitude of ground stress in different directions, the impact loading module is controlled to apply ground stress in different directions, so as to cause the upper plate section and the lower plate section to separate from the locking section, and whether the fault is slipping is determined according to the data returned by the high-precision monitoring module. If no slip occurs, the fault activation actuator is started to apply a cyclic dynamic load to the top surface of the model body, so that the force of the fault activation actuator is continuously superimposed on the fault locking device until the fault slips.

[0014] As an embodiment, the model test device also includes a main body reaction module, the main body reaction module includes a model body reaction device, the model body reaction device includes a device body, the device body includes four groups of columns with the same structure, each group of columns is welded by multiple layers of high-strength steel plates, the columns are fixedly connected by multiple groups of unit-type rectangular reinforcing ribs, different rectangular reinforcing ribs are positioned by high-strength bolts, and are connected through the key sheath sockets on the outer side of the unit.

[0015] As an implementation mode, a sliding friction reduction zone is arranged at the edge of the reaction force device of the model body, and the sliding friction reduction zone adopts a double-layer mechanical friction reduction device, which is composed of two layers of steel rollers superimposed in a horizontal and vertical direction and separated by a friction reduction steel plate.

[0016] As an embodiment, the impact loading module includes a gas-liquid composite loading device and a superimposed loading device, and a model body is placed in the hollow part surrounded by the gas-liquid composite loading device and the superimposed loading device, and a fault locking device is prefabricated inside the model body.

[0017] As an embodiment, the gas-liquid composite loading device includes a large rigid body frame, and the large rigid body frame includes a gas loading chamber, an oil pressure loading chamber and a pressure adapter, and the gas loading chamber is separated from the oil pressure loading chamber by the pressure adapter.

[0018] As an embodiment, the superimposed loading device includes a first-direction superimposed loading device and a second-direction superimposed loading device, the first-direction superimposed loading device includes a plurality of full-scale cylinders connected in series, and the second-direction superimposed loading device includes a plurality of parallel cylinders.

[0019] As an implementation method, the high-precision monitoring module includes a three-dimensional fault slip monitoring device, a fault slip energy sensing device, a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device and a surrounding rock stress monitoring device;

[0020] The three-dimensional fault slip monitoring device is installed on the fault locking device and is used to obtain the slip velocity, slip distance and slip inclination of the moving area;

[0021] The fault slip energy sensor is installed in the model body to obtain the slip acceleration of the moving area and then calculate the slip energy;

[0022] The tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device is arranged at the edge of the prefabricated tunnel of the model body, and is used to capture the deformation and failure morphology in the surrounding rock;

[0023] The surrounding rock stress monitoring device is composed of an acoustic emission device and a stress wave monitoring device, and is used to monitor the internal damage and stress conditions of the surrounding rock.

[0024] As an embodiment, the system also includes an energy supply station, the control cabinet is connected in parallel with the energy supply station, the energy supply station has multiple oil circuits and multiple gas circuits, and the control cabinet is used to supply energy to the oil circuit or gas circuit specified by the energy supply station.

[0025] As an embodiment, the energy supply station includes a high-pressure oil cylinder and a high-pressure gas cylinder, which are used to provide hydraulic oil supply to the oil pressure loading tank through the high-pressure oil circuit, and provide high-pressure gas supply to the gas loading tank through the high-pressure gas cylinder.

[0026] The advantage of the above scheme is that it can realize the real simulation of fault slip type rock burst and accurately capture the precursor information, providing scientific instruments and research platforms for revealing the occurrence mechanism of fault slip type rock burst in coal mine tunnels and establishing a disaster early warning and prevention system.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] The device of the present invention can activate the fault preset in the model test and make it slip, and can reproduce the process of rock burst in the tunnel during the fault slip process.

[0029] The present invention can perform true triaxial model boundary energy storage and dynamic and static loading, multi-type fault instantaneous activation and slip simulation, multi-parameter data parallel acquisition and real-time fusion through a boundary gas-liquid composite loading device, a fault activation actuation device, a fault locking device, a double-layer mechanical friction reduction device, and a real-time monitoring and analysis device, thereby achieving a true simulation of fault slip-type rock burst and accurate capture of precursor information, providing scientific instruments and a research platform for revealing the occurrence mechanism of fault slip-type rock burst in coal mine tunnels and establishing a disaster early warning and prevention system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fault-slip type rock burst simulation test system of the coal mine tunnel of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the model test device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the gas-liquid composite loading device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fault locking device of the present invention;

[0035] In the figure, 1-model test device, 2-operating table, 3-control cabinet, 4-power supply station, 5-model body reaction device, 501-high-strength steel plate, 502-unit rectangular reinforcement rib, 6-upper suspension, 7-gas-liquid composite loading device, 701-large rigid body frame, 702-gas loading chamber, 703-oil pressure loading chamber, 704-pressure adapter, 8-superimposed loading device, 801-first direction superimposed loading device, 802-second direction superimposed loading device, 9-model body, 10-fault locking device, 1011-fault upper plate, 1012-fault lower plate, 1013-upper plate section, 1014-lower plate section, 1015-locking section, 11-fault activation actuator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0039] In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are relational words determined only for the convenience of describing the structural relationships of the various parts or elements of the present invention. They do not specifically refer to any part or element in the present invention and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0040] In the present invention, terms such as "fixed connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, indicating that it can be fixedly connected, integrally connected or detachably connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. Relevant scientific research or technical personnel in this field can determine the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to specific circumstances, and it cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0041] As introduced in the background technology, the current fault slip geomechanical model test cannot effectively simulate the slip process of normal and reverse faults; the servo control of ground stress cannot effectively follow the fault slip process; and the relevant physical parameters of fault slip cannot be detected. In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a coal mine tunnel fault slip type rock burst simulation test system and test method.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a coal mine tunnel fault slip type rock burst simulation test system, including a model test device 1, an operating table 2, a control cabinet 3 and an energy supply station 4;

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, the model test device 1 includes a main reaction force module, an impact loading module, a fault activation module and a high-precision monitoring module;

[0044] The main body reaction force module comprises a model body reaction force device 5 and an upper suspension 6, and the upper suspension 6 is fixed to the top of the model body reaction force device 5 through a connecting plug-in and high-strength bolts.

[0045] Among them, the model body reaction device 5 includes a device body, and the device body includes four groups of columns 501 with the same structure. Each group of columns is welded by multiple layers of high-strength steel plates 502. The columns 501 are fixedly connected by multiple groups of unit-type rectangular reinforcing ribs 502. Different rectangular reinforcing ribs 502 are positioned by high-strength bolts and plugged into the key sheath socket on the outer side of the unit.

[0046] A sliding friction reduction zone is arranged at the edge of the model body reaction device 5, and the sliding friction reduction zone adopts a double-layer mechanical friction reduction device, which is composed of two layers of steel rollers stacked in a horizontal and vertical direction and separated by a friction reduction steel plate.

[0047] The impact loading module comprises a gas-liquid composite loading device 7 and a superposition loading device 8, and a model body 9 is placed in the hollow part surrounded by the gas-liquid composite loading device 7 and the superposition loading device 8;

[0048] like Figure 3As shown, the gas-liquid composite loading device 7 includes a large rigid body frame 701, and the large rigid body frame includes a gas loading chamber 702, an oil pressure loading chamber 703 and a pressure adapter 704, and the gas loading chamber 702 is separated from the oil pressure loading chamber 703 by the pressure adapter 704.

[0049] The above structure of the gas-liquid composite loading device 7 can realize energy storage at the boundary of the model body.

[0050] The superimposed loading device 8 comprises a first-direction superimposed loading device 801 and a second-direction superimposed loading device 802. The first-direction superimposed loading device 801 comprises a plurality of full-scale cylinders connected in series, and the second-direction superimposed loading device 802 comprises a plurality of parallel cylinders.

[0051] The gas-liquid composite loading device 7 is used to apply vertical (z-axis) geostress to the model body; the first-direction superimposed loading device 801 and the second-direction superimposed loading device 802 are used to apply horizontal (x-axis) and vertical (y-axis) geostress to the model body. Therefore, three-dimensional geostress can be applied to the model body according to preset values ​​through the gas-liquid composite loading device 7, the first-direction superimposed loading device 801 and the second-direction superimposed loading device 802.

[0052] The fault activation module includes a fault locking device 10 and a fault activation actuation device 11. One end of the fault activation actuation device 11 is fixed to the upper suspension beam 6, and the other end is connected to the gas-liquid composite loading device 7.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, the fault locking device 10 is installed inside the model body 9, and the fault locking device 10 includes a fault upper plate 1011, a fault lower plate 1012 and a locking joint 1015. The fault upper plate 1011 is arranged with an upper plate joint 1013, and the lower plate 1012 is arranged with a lower plate joint 1014. The upper plate joint 1013 and the lower plate joint 1014 are connected by the locking joint 1015 and are prefabricated in the model body in advance.

[0054] The high-precision monitoring module includes a three-dimensional fault slip monitoring device, a fault slip energy sensing device, a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device and a surrounding rock stress monitoring device;

[0055] The three-dimensional fault slip monitoring device is installed on the fault locking device 10 and is used to monitor the fault slip speed, slip distance, and slip inclination.

[0056] The fault slip energy sensor device is installed in the model body to monitor the fault slip acceleration and then calculate the slip energy.

[0057] The tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device is composed of a high-definition micro-capture probe, which is arranged at the edge of the prefabricated tunnel of the model body and is used to capture and observe the deformation and damage morphology in the surrounding rock.

[0058] The surrounding rock stress monitoring device consists of an acoustic emission device and a stress wave monitoring device, and is used to monitor the internal damage and stress conditions of the surrounding rock.

[0059] The control cabinet 3 is configured as follows: based on the setting of the magnitude of ground stress in different directions, the impact loading module is controlled to apply ground stress in different directions, so as to cause the upper plate section 903 and the lower plate section 904 to separate from the locking section 905, and whether the fault is slipping is determined according to the data returned by the high-precision monitoring module. If no slip occurs, the fault activation actuator 11 is started to apply a cyclic dynamic load to the top surface of the model body, so that the force of the fault activation actuator is continuously superimposed on the fault locking device 10 until the fault slips.

[0060] The operating console 2 is used for manual control operation and data collection and timely braking in emergency situations;

[0061] The control cabinet 3 is connected in parallel with the energy supply station 4 to reduce the signal transmission distance and improve the control accuracy.

[0062] The control cabinet 3 is divided into multiple control modes, which can realize the setting of oil pressure and air pressure values, the setting of the magnitude of ground stress applied in different directions, the control of the frequency of application of the force of the fault activation actuator, and the control of the magnitude and frequency of local pressurization in different oil circuits.

[0063] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the oil pressure, air pressure values, and the magnitude of the ground stress applied in different directions can be set by those skilled in the art according to specific working conditions, and will not be described in detail here.

[0064] The energy supply station 4 includes a high-pressure oil cylinder and a high-pressure gas cylinder, which are used to provide hydraulic oil to the oil pressure loading chamber 702 through a high-pressure oil circuit, and to provide high-pressure gas to the gas loading chamber 701 through a high-pressure gas cylinder.

[0065] The energy supply station has multiple oil circuits and multiple gas circuits, and the controller is used to accurately supply energy to the designated oil circuit or gas circuit of the energy supply station.

[0066] The test principle of the coal mine tunnel fault slip type rock burst simulation test system is as follows:

[0067] Specifically include:

[0068] Step 1: Preset the magnitude of ground stress applied in different directions;

[0069] Step 2: Applying ground stress in different directions according to preset values ​​to separate the upper plate section and the lower plate section from the locking section;

[0070] The specific implementation process is: control the gas-liquid composite loading device 7 to apply vertical (z-axis) geostress to the model body; control the first direction superimposed loading device 801 and the second direction superimposed loading device 802 to apply horizontal (x-axis) and vertical (y-axis) geostress to the model body, so that three-dimensional geostress can be applied to the model body according to the preset value through the gas-liquid composite loading device 7, the first direction superimposed loading device 801 and the second direction superimposed loading device 802.

[0071] Step 3: Determine whether the fault has slipped based on the data returned by the high-precision monitoring module. If no slip has occurred, start the fault activation actuator and apply a cyclic dynamic load to the top surface of the model body so that the force of the fault activation actuator is continuously superimposed on the fault locking device until the fault slips.

[0072] The specific implementation principles are as follows:

[0073] First, when the gas-liquid composite loading device 7 is controlled according to the preset value to apply vertical ground stress to the model body, a certain amount of energy storage gas is filled in the gas loading chamber, and then hydraulic oil is added to the oil pressure loading chamber. By continuously adding hydraulic oil, the volume of the energy storage gas in the gas loading chamber is compressed to achieve energy storage and high stress application.

[0074] Then, the ground stress on the top of the model body is applied through the hydraulic loading chamber. Under the combined influence of sufficiently large ground stress and excavation disturbance, the upper plate section, lower plate section and locking section preset in the upper and lower plates of the fault are separated, causing the fault to slip.

[0075] If the slip effect is not obvious or slip cannot occur, the fault activation actuator is started to apply a cyclic dynamic load to the top surface of the model body, so that the force of the fault activation actuator is continuously superimposed on the fault locking device until the fault slips.

[0076] When a slip impact occurs, the top of the fault separates from the loading device at the top as the fault slips. At this time, the energy storage gas in the top gas loading chamber is still in a compressed state. Since there is no force on the top of the model body, the loading device can be instantly driven to compensate for stress under the action of compressed gas.

[0077] When the fault slips or impacts, the fault slip energy sensor in the model body moves in coordination with the sliding upper plate or lower plate.

[0078] The device can activate the preset fault in the model test and make it slip, and can reproduce the process of rock burst in the tunnel during the fault slip.

[0079] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine tunnel fault slip type rock burst simulation test system, characterized in that: It comprises a model test device and a control cabinet, wherein the model test device comprises an impact loading module, a fault activation module and a high-precision monitoring module, wherein the fault activation module comprises a fault activation actuating device and a fault locking device, wherein the fault locking device comprises an upper plate section, a lower plate section and a locking section, wherein the upper plate section and the lower plate section are connected via the locking section; The control cabinet is configured to: based on the setting of the magnitude of the ground stress in different directions, control the impact loading module to apply the ground stress in different directions, so as to cause the upper plate section and the lower plate section to separate from the locking section, and determine whether the fault has slipped according to the data returned by the high-precision monitoring module. If no slip has occurred, start the fault activation actuator to apply a cyclic dynamic load to the top surface of the model body, so that the force of the fault activation actuator is continuously superimposed on the fault locking device until the fault slips; The model test device also includes a main body reaction force module, the main body reaction force module includes a model body reaction force device, the model body reaction force device includes a device body, the device body includes four groups of columns with the same structure, each group of columns is welded by multiple layers of high-strength steel plates, the columns are fixedly connected by multiple groups of unit-type rectangular reinforcement ribs, different rectangular reinforcement ribs are positioned by high-strength bolts, and plugged through the key sheath socket on the outer side of the unit; A sliding friction reduction zone is arranged at the edge of the model body reaction device, and the sliding friction reduction zone adopts a double-layer mechanical friction reduction device, which is composed of two layers of steel rollers stacked in a horizontal and vertical direction and separated by a friction reduction steel plate.

2. The coal mine tunnel fault slip type rock burst simulation test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact loading module comprises a gas-liquid composite loading device and a superposition loading device. A model body is placed in a hollow portion surrounded by the gas-liquid composite loading device and the superposition loading device. A fault locking device is prefabricated inside the model body.

3. According to the coal mine tunnel fault sliding type impact ground pressure simulation test system described in claim 2, the gas-liquid composite loading device includes a large rigid body frame, the large rigid body frame includes a gas loading chamber, an oil pressure loading chamber and a pressure adapter, and the gas loading chamber is separated from the oil pressure loading chamber by a pressure adapter.

4. The coal mine tunnel fault slip type rock burst simulation test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The superimposed loading device comprises a first-direction superimposed loading device and a second-direction superimposed loading device, wherein the first-direction superimposed loading device comprises a plurality of full-scale cylinders connected in series, and the second-direction superimposed loading device comprises a plurality of parallel cylinders.

5. The coal mine tunnel fault slip type rock burst simulation test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-precision monitoring module includes a three-dimensional fault slip monitoring device, a fault slip energy sensing device, a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device and a surrounding rock stress monitoring device; The three-dimensional fault slip monitoring device is installed on the fault locking device and is used to obtain the slip velocity, slip distance and slip inclination of the moving area; The fault slip energy sensor is installed in the model body to obtain the slip acceleration of the moving area and then calculate the slip energy; The tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device is arranged at the edge of the prefabricated tunnel of the model body, and is used to capture the deformation and failure morphology in the surrounding rock; The surrounding rock stress monitoring device is composed of an acoustic emission device and a stress wave monitoring device, and is used to monitor the internal damage and stress conditions of the surrounding rock.

6. The coal mine tunnel fault slip type rock burst simulation test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes an energy supply station, the control cabinet is connected in parallel with the energy supply station, the energy supply station has multiple oil circuits and multiple gas circuits, and the control cabinet is used to supply energy to the oil circuit or gas circuit designated by the energy supply station.

7. The coal mine tunnel fault slip type rock burst simulation test system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The energy supply station includes a high-pressure oil cylinder and a high-pressure gas cylinder, which are used to provide hydraulic oil to the oil pressure loading tank through a high-pressure oil circuit, and to provide high-pressure gas to the gas loading tank through a high-pressure gas cylinder.

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