A thermal management device for proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Abstract

The invention provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management device, belonging to the technical field of battery thermal management, comprising a cooling plate and a closing plate, wherein a plurality of coolant flow channels are provided on the cooling plate, one side of the closing plate is connected to the cooling plate for closing the coolant flow channels, and the other side of the closing plate is used for placing a battery pack; a coolant inlet is externally connected to a liquid outlet of a coolant source, a magnetic temperature control valve is installed at the coolant outlet, and the opening and closing degree of the magnetic temperature control valve changes with the temperature of the coolant; by adopting a magnetic material whose magnetism decreases as the temperature rises as a control structure for the opening and closing degree of the magnetic temperature control valve, the coolant flow rate can be controlled according to the coolant outflow temperature, thereby forming a linkage relationship among the operating temperature of the battery pack, the coolant outlet temperature, and the valve opening degree, thereby being able to automatically control the battery thermal management, reducing the waste of coolant and enabling the battery to stably operate within an optimal temperature range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery thermal management, and in particular to a thermal management device for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] With the development of fuel cells, proton exchange membrane fuel cells have the advantages of high efficiency, cleanliness, and zero emissions, and have broad application prospects. However, proton exchange membrane fuel cells have high temperature requirements. The optimal operating temperature is usually 60-80℃; if the temperature is too high, it is easy to cause membrane dehydration and affect the battery life; if the temperature is too low, the performance of the fuel cell will decrease, so thermal management of the fuel cell is required.

[0003] In the process of thermal management, heat dissipation uniformity has always been a problem that needs to be solved. If the heat dissipation is uneven, there will be local differences in power generation efficiency, which will affect the efficiency and life of the battery. The current heat dissipation is mainly air cooling and water cooling. The effect of air cooling is unstable and the temperature of the fuel cell cannot be accurately controlled within the optimal temperature range. Compared with air cooling, the current water cooling has high heat transfer capabilities, but the flow channel currently used is too long and the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the working fluid is large, resulting in uneven heat dissipation, which deteriorates the efficiency and durability of the fuel cell.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent CN201910371186.4 discloses a battery heat dissipation device, including a battery pack body composed of a plurality of single cells, a phase change cooling layer made of phase change material is arranged between adjacent single cells; a lower cooling plate connected to a coolant inlet is arranged on the lower surface of the battery pack body, and an upper cooling plate connected to a coolant outlet is arranged on the upper surface; the lower cooling plate is a hollow structure for the flow of coolant; the upper end of the coolant pipe is connected to the upper cooling plate, and the lower end is connected to the lower cooling plate. This device focuses on lowering the overall temperature of the battery, reducing the temperature difference, and improving the uniformity of the temperature, but cannot control the battery temperature within a certain range;

[0005] There are also thermal management systems for proton exchange membrane fuel cells in the prior art. For example, Chinese patent CN201611130241.3 discloses a thermal management system for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, comprising: a heat dissipation device, a fuel cell stack, wherein the single cells and the heat dissipation device are stacked at intervals; a coolant distribution pipe connected to the liquid inlets of all the heat dissipation devices; a coolant collecting pipe connected to the liquid outlets of all the heat dissipation devices; a control system for supplying coolant and controlling the flow of coolant in the heat dissipation device, connected to the heat dissipation device; the device can quickly remove the heat inside the single cell by arranging a heat dissipation device corresponding to each single cell, and can ensure that the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is within a suitable temperature range during operation, but the device requires the control system to sense and control the temperature of the entire device, and the heat dissipation device needs to be arranged between each single cell, and the entire device has a complex structure and high cost.

[0006] In summary, the existing proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management device structure is complex, and requires a control system such as a temperature sensor to control the temperature of the coolant and the operating temperature of the fuel cell, which leads to a complex structure and increased management costs. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management device.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management device, comprising a cooling plate and a closing plate, the cooling plate is provided with a plurality of coolant flow channels, one side of the closing plate is connected to the cooling plate for closing the coolant flow channels, and the other side of the closing plate is used for placing a battery pack;

[0009] The coolant flow channel includes a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet. The coolant inlet is externally connected to the outlet of a coolant source. The coolant outlet is equipped with a magnetic temperature control valve. The opening and closing degree of the magnetic temperature control valve changes with the temperature of the coolant.

[0010] Fuel cells generally need to control their operating temperature. If the temperature is too high, it is easy to cause membrane dehydration and affect the battery life; if the temperature is too low, the performance of the fuel cell will decrease. The optimal operating temperature of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is usually between 60-80°C, and there is also a temperature range of 60-95°C. The device for thermal management of the battery pack needs to control its cooling temperature and perform cooling treatment according to the change of the operating temperature; the present invention arranges a coolant flow channel in the cooling plate, and the coolant inlet of the coolant flow channel is used to connect the liquid outlet of the coolant source. The coolant source adopts a device that can provide cooled coolant using the existing technology. The coolant enters the coolant flow channel to cool the battery pack. The sealing plate prevents the coolant from overflowing and polluting the battery pack. The present invention arranges a magnetic temperature control valve at the coolant outlet. The magnetic temperature control valve adjusts its internal opening and closing degree according to the coolant temperature at the coolant outlet, thereby controlling the flow of the coolant, controlling the cooling ability of the coolant on the battery pack, preventing the operating temperature from dropping too much, and effectively reducing the waste of coolant, thereby playing a role of automatic control.

[0011] Preferably, a fixed magnet is fixedly arranged in the magnetic temperature control valve, and a movable magnet is movably arranged in the magnetic temperature control valve. The magnetism of the fixed magnet and the movable magnet are both inversely proportional to the temperature. The fixed magnet and the movable magnet cooperate to control the opening and closing degree of the magnetic temperature control valve. The magnetism of the fixed magnet and the movable magnet is in negative feedback with the coolant temperature.

[0012] Preferably, the magnetic temperature control valve comprises a shell, two ends of the shell are respectively connected to the coolant outlet and the outside, and the shell is hollow to form a coolant passage;

[0013] The fixed magnet is fixed in the shell below the coolant passage, the upper part of the shell is provided with an assembly shell, the assembly shell is provided with a blocking plate adapted to the coolant passage, the blocking plate is movably connected to the inner wall of the assembly shell through a first spring, and the movable magnet is installed in the blocking plate. The shell, the assembly shell and the blocking plate are made of materials such as aluminum or copper that have no effect on the attraction between the magnets.

[0014] Preferably, the blocking plate comprises a square plate and an arc plate which are connected to each other, the movable magnet is located between the square plate and the arc plate, and the fixed magnet is installed in the housing in an arc shape.

[0015] Preferably, the fixed magnet and the movable magnet are both made of sintered NdFeB.

[0016] Preferably, the coolant channels are arranged in parallel, and the coolant channels are arranged in an S-shape. The coolant channels are arranged from sparse to dense along the direction from the coolant inlet to the coolant outlet; if the temperature at the outlet is high and the temperature at the inlet is low, the balanced arrangement of the channels will lead to reduced heat dissipation at the outlet and uneven heat dissipation; therefore, the coolant channels are arranged more densely closer to the coolant outlet, that is, the coolant channels can be arranged more densely according to the increase in the process flow, thereby reducing the impact of temperature difference on the cooling amount of each part.

[0017] Preferably, the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the cooling plate; or they may be arranged at the same end.

[0018] Preferably, two cooling plates and two closing plates are provided, and the two closing plates are arranged opposite to each other for placing the battery pack. The cooling plates are connected by a connecting part for pressing the closing plates against the battery pack. If necessary, a frame can be formed by using the cooling plates arranged opposite to each other, and the battery pack can be tightly fitted in combination with the connecting part to increase the contact area for heat dissipation, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency and is also convenient for fixing the position of the battery pack.

[0019] Preferably, the connecting part includes a fixed angle and a connecting rod, the fixed angle is installed at both ends of the connecting rod, a groove is opened inside the fixed angle, and the corners of the cooling plate and the closing plate are both clamped in the groove; it is convenient to place and connect, does not affect the structure of the cooling plate, and will not damage the cooling plate during maintenance and disassembly.

[0020] Preferably, an elastic part is installed in the middle of the connecting rod, and the elastic part includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the outer sleeve is movably sleeved outside the inner sleeve, and a second spring is arranged inside the inner sleeve, one end of the second spring is connected to the inner wall of the inner sleeve, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve. It plays a fixing role and can also reduce shock under certain external force collision.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) By using a magnetic material whose magnetism decreases as the temperature rises, as a control structure for the opening and closing degree of the magnetic temperature control valve, the coolant flow rate can be controlled according to the coolant outflow temperature, thereby forming a linkage relationship between the battery pack operating temperature, the coolant outlet temperature, and the valve opening degree, so that the battery thermal management can be automatically controlled, reducing the waste of coolant and enabling the battery to operate stably within the optimal temperature range;

[0023] (2) By setting parallel coolant flow channels and sparse to dense flow channels from the coolant inlet to the outlet, the influence of the inlet and outlet temperature difference on the heat dissipation effect of the fuel cell is weakened, the heat dissipation of each part of the battery is balanced, and the local power generation efficiency is prevented from being different due to uneven heat dissipation, thereby affecting the battery life.

[0024] (3) The connection part is combined with two cooling plates to fit the battery pack, which is more efficient; it is conducive to fixing the position of the battery pack, and the elastic part plays a shock-absorbing role when it is subjected to external force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling plate structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic temperature control valve of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the magnetic temperature control valve of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic temperature control valve of the present invention without the assembly shell structure;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting portion structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the connecting part of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of another direction of the present invention;

[0033] Wherein: 1. cooling plate; 2. coolant flow channel; 3. magnetic temperature control valve; 4. connecting part; 5. elastic part; 101. closing plate; 201. coolant inlet; 202. coolant outlet; 301. fixed magnet; 302. movable magnet; 303. outer shell; 304. coolant passage; 305. assembly shell; 306. blocking plate; 3061. square plate; 3062. arc plate; 307. first spring; 401. fixed angle; 4011. groove; 402. connecting rod; 501. inner sleeve; 502. outer sleeve; 503. second spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The accompanying drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the present embodiment, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the accompanying drawings may be omitted. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. "First", "second", etc. do not indicate the importance of the parts, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or communication with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. The specific dimensions used in this embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] Embodiment 1:

[0037] like Figure 1-8 As shown, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management device, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A thermal management device for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises a cooling plate 1 and a closing plate 101, wherein the cooling plate 1 is provided with a plurality of cooling liquid flow channels 2, one side of the closing plate 101 is connected to the cooling plate 1 for closing the cooling liquid flow channels 2, and the other side of the closing plate 101 is used for placing a battery pack;

[0038] The coolant flow channel 2 includes a coolant inlet 201 and a coolant outlet 202. The coolant inlet 201 is connected to the outlet of the coolant source. The coolant outlet 202 is equipped with a magnetic temperature control valve 3. The opening and closing degree of the magnetic temperature control valve 3 changes with the temperature of the coolant.

[0039] Fuel cells generally need to control their operating temperature. If the temperature is too high, it is easy to cause membrane dehydration and affect the battery life; if the temperature is too low, the performance of the fuel cell will decrease. The optimal operating temperature of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is usually between 60-80°C, and there is also a temperature range of 60-95°C. The device for thermal management of the battery pack needs to control its cooling temperature and perform cooling treatment according to the change of the operating temperature; the present invention arranges a coolant flow channel 2 in the cooling plate 1, and the coolant inlet 201 of the coolant flow channel 2 is used to connect the liquid outlet of the coolant source. The coolant source adopts a device that can provide cooled coolant in the prior art. The coolant enters the coolant flow channel 2 to cool the battery pack. The sealing plate 101 prevents the coolant from overflowing and polluting the battery pack. The present invention arranges a magnetic temperature control valve 3 at the coolant outlet 202. The magnetic temperature control valve 3 adjusts the degree of opening and closing inside according to the coolant temperature of the coolant outlet 202, thereby controlling the flow of the coolant, controlling the cooling ability of the coolant on the battery pack, preventing the operating temperature from dropping too much, and effectively reducing the waste of the coolant, thereby playing a role of automatic control.

[0040] In the specific implementation process, the outlet end of the coolant source is connected to the coolant inlet 201, and the battery pack is placed on the closing plate 101. The coolant will flow in the coolant flow channel 2, thereby cooling the battery pack; when the battery pack is just started, the temperature is low. At this time, when the coolant flows out from the coolant outlet 202, the temperature is low. At this time, the closing degree of the magnetic temperature control valve 3 is increased, and the flow rate of the coolant outlet 202 is reduced, so that the flow rate of the coolant flowing in the coolant flow channel 2 is reduced, thereby reducing the waste of coolant and preventing the temperature of the battery pack from dropping below the operating temperature. After the battery pack has worked for a certain period of time, the heat dissipation is increased, and the coolant will heat up after absorbing the heat dissipated by the battery pack. At this time, the temperature of the coolant outlet 202 will rise. At this time, the closing degree of the magnetic temperature control valve 3 is reduced, so that the magnetic temperature control valve 3 is opened wider, and the water flow rate of the coolant outlet 202 is increased, so that the flow rate of the coolant flowing in the coolant flow channel 2 is increased, thereby increasing the heat dissipation and preventing the fuel cell temperature from being too high to affect the power generation efficiency and battery life.

[0041] Embodiment 2:

[0042] Based on Example 1, Figure 3-5 A fixed magnet 301 is fixedly arranged in the magnetic temperature control valve 3, and an active magnet 302 is movably arranged in the magnetic temperature control valve 3. The magnetism of the fixed magnet 301 and the active magnet 302 are inversely proportional to the temperature. The fixed magnet 301 and the active magnet 302 are used together to control the opening and closing degree of the magnetic temperature control valve 3.

[0043] In the specific implementation process, under normal conditions, the fixed magnet 301 and the movable magnet 302 attract each other, making the distance between them relatively close, so that the magnetic temperature control valve 3 is in a state of high closure, the outlet end of the coolant source is connected to the coolant inlet 201, and the battery pack is placed on the closing plate 101, and the coolant will flow in the coolant flow channel 2, thereby cooling the battery pack; when the battery pack is just started, the temperature is low, and at this time when the coolant flows to the coolant outlet 202, the temperature is relatively low, and at this time the magnetism of the fixed magnet 301 and the movable magnet 302 is relatively strong, and at this time the closure degree of the magnetic temperature control valve 3 is high, and the coolant outlet 202 The flow rate is small, so that the flow rate of the coolant flowing in the coolant channel 2 is reduced, the waste of coolant is reduced, and the temperature of the battery pack is prevented from dropping below the operating temperature; when the battery pack has been working for a certain period of time, the heat dissipation is increased, and the coolant will heat up after absorbing the heat dissipated by the battery pack. At this time, the temperature of the coolant outlet 202 will increase, and the magnetism of the fixed magnet 301 and the movable magnet 302 is relatively low. At this time, the opening degree of the magnetic temperature control valve 3 is high, and the flow rate of the coolant outlet 202 is increased, which increases the flow rate of the coolant flowing in the coolant channel 2, thereby increasing the heat dissipation and preventing the fuel cell temperature from being too high to affect the power generation efficiency and battery life.

[0044] In a further embodiment, the magnetic temperature control valve 3 includes a shell 303, two ends of the shell 303 are connected to the coolant outlet 202 and the outside respectively, and the shell 303 is hollow to form a coolant passage 304; the fixed magnet 301 is fixed in the shell 303 below the coolant passage 304, and an assembly shell 305 is provided on the upper part of the shell 303, and a sealing plate 306 adapted to the coolant passage 304 is provided in the assembly shell 305, and the sealing plate 306 is movably connected to the inner wall of the assembly shell 305 through a first spring 307, and the movable magnet 302 is installed in the sealing plate 306.

[0045] The fixed magnet 301 is fixed in the housing 303 below the coolant passage 304 and its position is fixed; the movable magnet 302 is installed in the blocking plate 306, and the blocking plate 306 is movably connected to the assembly shell 306 through the first spring 307. The fixed magnet 301 and the movable magnet 302 are located above and below the coolant passage 304, and the distance between the blocking plate 306 and the bottom of the housing 303 is adjusted by the attraction between them, thereby controlling the opening degree of the coolant passage 304;

[0046] When the battery pack is just started, the temperature is low. At this time, when the coolant flows to the coolant outlet 202, the temperature is low. At this time, the magnetism of the fixed magnet 301 and the movable magnet 302 is strong, and the attraction between the movable magnet 302 and the fixed magnet 301 is large, which will drive the blocking plate 306 to overcome the elastic force of the first spring 307 and move toward the fixed magnet 301. The first spring 307 is stretched, so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the coolant passage 304 is reduced. At this time, the closing degree of the magnetic temperature control valve 3 is high, and the flow rate of the coolant outlet 202 is small, so that the flow rate of the coolant flowing in the coolant channel 2 is reduced;

[0047] After the battery pack has been working for a certain period of time, the heat dissipation increases, and the coolant will heat up after absorbing the heat dissipated by the battery pack. At this time, the temperature of the coolant outlet 202 will increase, the magnetism of the fixed magnet 301 and the movable magnet 302 is low, and the attraction between them is reduced. The sealing plate 306 moves away from the direction of the fixed magnet 301 under the action of the rebound force of the first spring 307, so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the coolant passage 304 increases. At this time, the magnetic temperature control valve 3 is opened to a high degree, and the flow rate of the coolant outlet 202 increases, so that the flow rate of the coolant flowing in the coolant channel 2 increases.

[0048] In a further embodiment, the blocking plate 306 includes a square plate 3061 and an arc plate 3062 connected to each other, the movable magnet 302 is located between the square plate 3061 and the arc plate 3062, and the fixed magnet 301 is installed in the housing 303 in an arc shape.

[0049] The arc plate 3062 of the sealing plate 306 better matches the normal layout of the coolant passage 304, and the square plate 3061 is convenient for controlling the moving direction to prevent deviation. The movable magnet 302 is arranged between the square plate 3061 and the arc plate 3062 to avoid direct contact and prevent the situation where it is difficult to separate; and the distance between the movable magnet 302 and the fixed magnet 301 can be adjusted according to the magnetic material of the magnet to ensure that the opening and closing degree changes accurately with the temperature to achieve the regulation effect.

[0050] In a further embodiment, the fixed magnet 301 and the movable magnet 302 are both made of sintered NdFeB; the working temperature of the magnetic material is not less than 80°C;

[0051] Other magnetic materials can also be used. The change rates of magnetic materials of different sizes are different. That is, when the temperature change of the magnetic material is not large, the smaller the size of the magnetic material, the greater the change rate, and it is more sensitive to temperature changes. Therefore, the size of the magnetic material can be adjusted according to the specific required temperature range.

[0052] Embodiment 3:

[0053] Based on Example 1, Figure 2, the coolant flow channels 2 are arranged in parallel, and the coolant flow channels 2 are arranged in an S shape.

[0054] The coolant flow channel 2 is arranged in parallel, which can effectively reduce the flow, reduce the inlet and outlet temperature difference, and make the heat dissipation effect of the cooling plate 1 more uniform;

[0055] The coolant flow channel 2 adopts an S-shaped layout, which becomes increasingly dense as the flow increases, thereby further weakening the impact of the inlet and outlet temperature difference on the heat dissipation effect of the battery pack;

[0056] In a further embodiment, the coolant inlet 201 and the coolant outlet 202 are respectively arranged at both ends of the cooling plate 1, which is convenient for connecting different devices. The coolant outlet 202 can be connected to a liquid storage tank to collect the coolant; the coolant inlet 201 can also be connected to a pipe to facilitate docking with the liquid outlet device interface of the coolant source.

[0057] Embodiment 4:

[0058] On the basis of the aforementioned embodiment, two cooling plates 1 and two closing plates 101 are provided, and the two closing plates 101 are arranged opposite to each other for placing the battery pack, and the cooling plates 1 are connected by the connecting part 4 for pressing the closing plates 101 against the battery pack.

[0059] The cooling plate 1 and the closing plate 101 are provided on both sides of the battery pack to more efficiently manage the heat of the battery pack, and the connection part can make the contact with the battery pack more complete to prevent position movement.

[0060] In a further embodiment, reference is made to Figure 6-7 The connecting part 4 includes a fixed angle 401 and a connecting rod 402 . The fixed angle 401 is installed at both ends of the connecting rod 402 . A groove 4011 is opened inside the fixed angle 401 . The corners of the cooling plate 1 and the closing plate 101 are both clamped in the groove 4011 .

[0061] The cooling plate 1 and the closing plate 101 are snapped into the groove 4011 . By connecting the corners of the cooling plate 1 and the closing plate 101 , they are more stable and convenient to disassemble when they need to be disassembled.

[0062] In a further embodiment, an elastic part 5 is installed in the middle of the connecting rod 402, and the elastic part 5 includes an inner sleeve 501 and an outer sleeve 502. The outer sleeve 502 is movably sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve 501, and a second spring 503 is arranged inside the inner sleeve 501. One end of the second spring 503 is connected to the inner wall of the inner sleeve 501, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 502.

[0063] The second spring 503 is arranged inside for protection to prevent the spring from being deformed and failing due to external force; the outer sleeve 502 and the inner sleeve 501 are slidably connected by the second spring 503, which not only makes the clamping effect of the fuel pack better, but also can play a certain shock-absorbing effect when external force contacts, thereby better protecting the battery pack.

[0064] Embodiment 5:

[0065] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the magnetic material of the fixed magnet 301 and the movable magnet 302 is sintered NdFeB N30, the closing plate 102 is made of copper plate, and the outer shell 303, the assembly shell 305 and the blocking plate 306 are made of aluminum;

[0066] Its working temperature is below 80°C; the inner diameter of the coolant passage 304 is 20 mm, and the coolant outlet temperature of the coolant source is 25°C, that is, the coolant temperature flowing in from the coolant inlet 201 is 25°C;

[0067] When the coolant temperature at the coolant outlet 202 is 25°C, the blocking plate 306 contacts the inner wall of the housing 303 at the fixed magnet 301, and the coolant passage 304 is closed. The coolant stays in the coolant channel 2 to cool the battery pack.

[0068] When the coolant absorbs the heat from the battery pack, the coolant temperature at the coolant outlet 202 rises to 35°C, and the magnetism of the fixed magnet 301 and the movable magnet 302 decreases as the temperature rises. The blocking plate 306 moves away from the fixed magnet 301 under the action of the elastic force, and half of the coolant passage 304 is opened. The coolant begins to flow out to the outside, and the coolant inlet 201 continuously flows into the coolant flow channel 2.

[0069] When the coolant temperature at the coolant outlet 202 rises to 40°C, the magnetism of the fixed magnet 301 and the movable magnet 302 further decreases, and the sealing plate 306 moves further away from the fixed magnet 301 under the action of the elastic force. The coolant passage 304 is completely opened, the coolant flow rate increases, and the flow rate of the coolant inlet 201 flowing into the coolant channel 2 is larger, thereby improving the heat absorption capacity and cooling the battery pack.

[0070] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cooling plate (1) and a closing plate (101), wherein the cooling plate (1) is provided with a plurality of cooling liquid flow channels (2), one side of the closing plate (101) is connected to the cooling plate (1) for closing the cooling liquid flow channel (2), and the other side of the closing plate (101) is used for placing a battery pack; the cooling liquid flow channel (2) comprises a cooling liquid inlet (201) and a cooling liquid outlet (202), the cooling liquid inlet (201) is externally connected to a liquid outlet of a cooling liquid source, and the cooling liquid outlet (202) is connected to a cooling liquid outlet of a cooling liquid source. A magnetic temperature control valve (3) is installed, and the opening and closing degree of the magnetic temperature control valve (3) changes with the temperature of the coolant; a fixed magnet (301) is fixedly arranged in the magnetic temperature control valve (3), and a movable magnet (302) is movably arranged in the magnetic temperature control valve (3), and the magnetism of the fixed magnet (301) and the movable magnet (302) are both inversely proportional to the temperature, and the fixed magnet (301) and the movable magnet (302) cooperate to control the opening and closing degree of the magnetic temperature control valve (3). The magnetic temperature control valve (3) comprises a shell (303), the two ends of the shell (303) are respectively connected to the coolant outlet (202) and the outside, and the shell (303) is hollow to form a coolant passage (304); the fixed magnet (301) is fixed in the shell (303) below the coolant passage (304), the upper part of the shell (303) is provided with an assembly shell (305), and the assembly shell (305) is provided with a sealing plate adapted to the coolant passage (304) (306), the blocking plate (306) is movably connected to the inner wall of the assembly shell (305) through a first spring (307), and the movable magnet (302) is installed in the blocking plate (306); the blocking plate (306) includes a square plate (3061) and an arc plate (3062) connected to each other, the movable magnet (302) is located between the square plate (3061) and the arc plate (3062), and the fixed magnet (301) is installed in the outer shell (303) in an arc shape.

2. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed magnet (301) and the movable magnet (302) are both made of sintered neodymium iron boron.

3. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coolant flow channels (2) are arranged in parallel, the coolant flow channels (2) are arranged in an S-shape, and the coolant flow channels (2) are arranged from sparse to dense along the direction from the coolant inlet (201) to the coolant outlet (202).

4. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling liquid inlet (201) and the cooling liquid outlet (202) are respectively arranged at two ends of the cooling plate (1).

5. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Two cooling plates (1) and two closing plates (101) are provided, and the two closing plates (101) are arranged opposite to each other for placing a battery pack, and the cooling plates (1) are connected via a connecting portion (4) for placing the closing plates (101) close to the battery pack.

6. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting portion (4) comprises a fixed angle (401) and a connecting rod (402), wherein the fixed angle (401) is installed at both ends of the connecting rod (402), a groove (4011) is provided inside the fixed angle (401), and the corners of the cooling plate (1) and the closing plate (101) are both clamped in the groove (4011).

7. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An elastic part (5) is installed in the middle of the connecting rod (402), and the elastic part (5) includes an inner sleeve (501) and an outer sleeve (502). The outer sleeve (502) is movably sleeved outside the inner sleeve (501), and a second spring (503) is arranged inside the inner sleeve (501). One end of the second spring (503) is connected to the inner wall of the inner sleeve (501), and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve (502).

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