An airtight sealing structure for a cable tray to pass through the envelope structure of a passive house

Abstract

The present invention discloses an airtight sealing structure for a cable tray to pass through the envelope structure of a passive house, comprising: a sleeve, a cable tray and cables. The sleeve passes through the block wall of the passive house, and a polymer mortar filling layer is provided between the sleeve and the block wall. The cable tray is sleeved on the outer sides of both ends of the sleeve and extends to the outside of the polymer mortar filling layer. The cables pass through the cable tray and the sleeve, and an airtight sealing structure is provided at the gap between the sleeve and the cables to seal the cables and the ends of the cable trays on both sides of the passive house. The cable tray is fixed by a group of cable tray suspension rods, and the upper part of the cable tray suspension rods is connected to the floor slab. The present invention adopts the method of pre-buried airtight sleeves, enabling multiple cables to pass through the envelope structure through the sleeves respectively, avoiding the direct passing of the cable tray through the envelope structure, and individually performing airtight sealing treatment on each sleeve, meeting the airtightness requirements and achieving the purpose of fireproof sealing, thus meeting the fireproof and airtightness requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of production and manufacturing, and particularly relates to an airtight sealing structure for a cable tray to penetrate the envelope structure of a passive house. Background Art

[0002] At present, it has become an industry consensus to promote the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry, develop new construction methods, and maintain high-quality development of the construction industry. From a global perspective, many countries are actively formulating development goals and technical policies for passive ultra-low energy consumption buildings, and passive houses are becoming the development trend of building energy conservation.

[0003] China has a vast territory and large climate differences in different regions. Passive ultra-low energy consumption buildings have broad development prospects in China and have achieved good results in recent years of practice.

[0004] There are a series of difficult problems in the construction process of passive houses, such as high requirements for thermal insulation performance and airtightness grade. In particular, the airtightness treatment of passive houses is of utmost importance. Within the scope of passive houses, there are numerous pipelines passing through the envelope structure, involving multiple specialties, and measures need to be formulated separately for airtightness treatment. In particular, the cable tray passes through the envelope structure at multiple locations, which brings great difficulties to the construction of the airtight layer. The airtight sealing measures for the cable tray to penetrate the envelope structure of the passive house are the key points of control.

[0005] Due to the large number and complex types of cables in the cable tray, it is difficult to carry out airtightness treatment. At the same time, the requirements for fireproof sealing need to be taken into account. Moreover, there are few cases that can be referred to for the airtightness treatment nodes of the cable tray part, and new treatment measures need to be developed through in-depth research to ensure that the airtightness meets the requirements.

[0006] Most of the existing technical treatment measures are that the cable tray directly passes through the holes reserved in the envelope structure wall or floor slab. After the cable tray and cables are installed, the gaps between the cable tray and the reserved holes are sealed with materials such as fireproof packs, fireproof boards, and fireproof mud, and the gaps between the inside of the cable tray and the cables are sealed with fireproof packs. Although this kind of sealing measure can ensure the fireproof requirements, it cannot ensure the airtightness requirements. There are varying degrees of air leakage risks between the cable tray and the reserved holes, as well as between the inside of the cable tray and the cables. In the airtightness test, this part will become one of the main parts with air leakage.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to study an airtight sealing structure for a cable tray to penetrate the envelope structure of a passive house, which can not only meet the fireproof requirements, but also meet the airtightness requirements, and at the same time ensure the reasonable feasibility of construction. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Objective of the Invention: To overcome the above deficiencies, the objective of the present invention is to provide an airtight sealing structure for a cable tray to pass through the envelope structure of a passive house. By adopting the method of pre-embedded airtight sleeves, multiple cables pass through the envelope structure through the sleeves respectively, avoiding the direct passage of the cable tray through the envelope structure. Then, airtight sealing treatment is carried out separately for each sleeve, which not only meets the airtightness requirements but also achieves the purpose of fireproof sealing, killing two birds with one stone, enabling it to meet both fireproof requirements and airtightness requirements.

[0009] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides an airtight sealing structure for a cable tray to pass through the envelope structure of a passive house, including: a sleeve, a cable tray, and cables. The sleeve passes through the block wall of the passive house, and a polymer mortar filling layer is provided between the sleeve and the block wall. The cable tray is sleeved outside both ends of the sleeve and extends to the outside of the polymer mortar filling layer. The cables pass through the cable tray and the sleeve, and an airtight sealing structure is provided at the gap between the sleeve and the cables to seal the cables and the ends of the cable trays on both sides of the passive house. The cable tray is fixed by a group of cable tray suspension rods, and the upper part of the cable tray suspension rods is connected to the floor slab.

[0010] The airtight sealing structure for a cable tray to pass through the envelope structure of a passive house according to the present invention adopts the method of pre-embedded airtight sleeves, enabling multiple cables to pass through the envelope structure through the sleeves respectively, avoiding the direct passage of the cable tray through the envelope structure. Then, airtight sealing treatment is carried out separately for each sleeve, which not only meets the airtightness requirements but also achieves the purpose of fireproof sealing, killing two birds with one stone, enabling it to meet both fireproof requirements and airtightness requirements, and at the same time ensuring the reasonable feasibility of construction.

[0011] Among them, the airtight sealing structure includes foamed polyurethane, asbestos cement, and sealant putty. The foamed polyurethane is arranged in the middle of the gap between the sleeve and the cables, the asbestos cement is arranged on both sides of the foamed polyurethane, and the sealant putty is arranged outside the asbestos cement.

[0012] Furthermore, a silicone rubber sealing ring is provided at the position where the sleeve is close to the wall. An airtight tape is provided outside the silicone rubber sealing ring (6). One end of the airtight tape (7) extends to the outside of the silicone rubber sealing ring (6) and is connected to the block wall, and the other end extends to the end of the sleeve (1). Moreover, a cable protective sleeve (8) is also provided between the end of the sleeve (1) and the waterproof vapor barrier (7);

[0013] The airtight tape uses a waterproof vapor barrier or a waterproof breathable membrane. A waterproof vapor barrier is provided on the outer side of the cable protective sleeve (8) inside the passive house, and a waterproof breathable membrane is provided on the outer side of the cable protective sleeve (8) outside the passive house. The setting of the silicone rubber sealing ring can further improve the tightness of the gap between the sleeve and the wall. The setting of the waterproof vapor barrier and the waterproof breathable membrane can not only improve its waterproof performance but also effectively ensure the airtightness of the connection.

[0014] Preferably, the inner diameter of the silicone rubber sealing ring is the same as the outer diameter of the sleeve, and the inner side is clamped tightly with the sleeve. The outer diameter of the silicone rubber sealing ring is 50 mm wider than the sleeve, and the part exceeding the sleeve is firmly pasted with the surrounding wall surface. It can effectively seal the gap between the periphery of the sleeve and the wall.

[0015] Further preferably, the sleeve uses a galvanized steel sleeve, and the length of the sleeve is increased by 30 - 80 mm on each side of the thickness of the passive house wall.

[0016] The construction method of the airtight plugging structure for the cable tray to pass through the enclosure structure of the passive house described in the present invention is as follows: S1: Make a sleeve according to the thickness of the passive house wall, and the length of the sleeve is increased by 30 - 80 mm on each side of the wall thickness;

[0017] S2: Build the wall, and open a hole in the building block wall of the built wall according to the positioning of the cable tray, embed the prefabricated sleeve, and use polymer mortar to seal the gap between the periphery of the sleeve and the building block wall;

[0018] S3: Coordinate the sleeve positioning with the cable tray position, so that the cable tray shell completely covers the periphery of the sleeve, ensure that the cables in the cable tray can smoothly pass through the sleeve, and minimize the cable bending;

[0019] S4: Install the cable tray. The cable tray is installed on both sides of the sleeve, and a distance of not less than 500 mm is reserved on each side without installing the cable tray, leaving enough operating space for airtight plugging on both sides of the sleeve;

[0020] S5: Lay the cables in the cable tray and pass through the enclosure wall of the passive house through the sleeve;

[0021] S6: After the cable laying is completed, use the airtight plugging structure to airtight plug the space between the cable and the sleeve, and then airtight plug the space between the cable tray, the sleeve and the polymer mortar;

[0022] S7: After all the plugging measures are completed, install the reserved cable tray and complete the cable tray cover plate.

[0023] The construction method of the airtight plugging structure for a cable tray to penetrate the enclosure structure of a passive house. The method of filling the gap between the periphery of the sleeve and the block wall with polymer mortar in step S2 is as follows:

[0024] When filling with polymer mortar, gradually fill the cavity from the inside out without leaving gaps. When filling to the wall surface, compact and level the mortar surface. After completion of filling, let it stand for at least 24 hours before proceeding to the next process.

[0025] To ensure the tightness of the gap between the sleeve and the wall, silicone rubber seals are provided at the positions close to the wall at both ends of the sleeve. The inner side of the silicone rubber seal is tightened with the sleeve, and the part extending 50 mm beyond the sleeve is firmly pasted to the surrounding wall of the sleeve, effectively sealing the gap between the periphery of the sleeve and the wall.

[0026] The construction method of the airtight plugging structure for a cable tray to penetrate the enclosure structure of a passive house. The specific plugging process in step S6 is as follows:

[0027] (1): First, inject foamed polyurethane at the middle position inside the sleeve. The injection range of the foamed polyurethane is not less than 1 / 2 of the wall thickness to ensure that the gap between the sleeve and the cable is filled tightly and fully. After injecting the foamed polyurethane, it needs to stand for 1 - 2 hours.

[0028] (2): After the foamed polyurethane glue has fully foamed and solidified, fill asbestos cement on both sides of the wall inside the sleeve. Fill the well - mixed asbestos cement fully into the gap between the sleeve and the cable, gradually fill into the gap from both ends of the sleeve respectively, fill and compact from the inside out, compact and level the surface, and cure for more than 24 hours before proceeding to the next process.

[0029] (3): Seal the periphery of the cable with sealant clay. The sealing with sealant clay should be continuous and is carried out in two steps. That is, in the first sealing, fill the sealant clay into the gap between the periphery of the cable and the sleeve until the surface is basically flush with the end of the sleeve. In the second sealing, use a small amount of sealant clay to fill and repair the uneven and locally unsealed parts on the surface, and compact and scrape the surface flat to ensure that the entire periphery of the cable and the inside of the sleeve are filled and the surface is completely flush with the end of the sleeve.

[0030] (4): Then plug the periphery of the sleeve. That is, install cable protective sleeves at the positions close to the cable at both ends of the sleeve to protect the sealant clay inside the sleeve.

[0031] Paste an airtight tape on the outer side of the cable sheath. A waterproof and vapor barrier film is provided on the outer side of the cable sheath inside the passive house, and a waterproof and breathable film is provided on the outer side of the cable sheath outside the passive house. Before pasting, the cables, sleeves, cable sheaths, and surrounding walls should all be cleaned thoroughly to ensure firm adhesion. The adhesion of the airtight tape should ensure that the adhesion and coverage range on the cable side exceed the joint between the cable and the cable sheath by no less than 50 mm. At the same time, the adhesion and coverage range on the wall side also exceed the joint between the silicone rubber seal ring and the block wall by no less than 50 mm. The areas of the sleeve, cable sheath, and silicone rubber seal ring must all be pasted and covered tightly. The joint part of the airtight tape should be fully overlapped, and the overlap width is not less than 50 mm.

[0032] In the construction method of the airtight plugging structure for a cable tray passing through the envelope structure of a passive house according to the present invention, in the steps of the plugging process, the mixing ratio of the asbestos cement is: water: asbestos: cement = 1:3:7;

[0033] Among them, the asbestos used is 4th or 5th grade asbestos wool, the cement used is 42.5 Portland cement, and 10% - 20% of the total amount of water is added for mixing.

[0034] From the above technical solutions, it can be seen that the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. For the airtight plugging structure of a cable tray passing through the envelope structure of a passive house according to the present invention, the method of pre-burying a sealed sleeve is adopted. Multiple cables pass through the envelope structure through the sleeves respectively, avoiding the cable tray directly passing through the envelope structure. Then, each sleeve is individually subjected to airtight plugging treatment, which not only meets the airtightness requirements but also achieves the purpose of fireproof plugging, killing two birds with one stone, enabling it to meet both fireproof requirements and airtightness requirements, and at the same time ensuring the reasonable feasibility of construction.

[0036] 2. In the airtight plugging structure of the present invention, the setting of the foamed polyurethane, asbestos cement, and sealant putty. First, the foamed polyurethane is filled and left standing for 1 - 2 hours. After the foamed polyurethane glue fully foams and solidifies, the tightness inside the sleeve is ensured. At the same time, the use of asbestos cement can effectively improve its strength and good seismic resistance, greatly improving the adhesion and airtightness. Then, the gaps between the cable periphery and the sleeve are filled with sealant putty to further improve the tightness of the plugging.

[0037] 3. The setting of the silicone rubber seal ring in the present invention can further improve the tightness of the gap between the sleeve and the wall, and can effectively seal the gap between the periphery of the sleeve and the wall; the setting of the waterproof and vapor barrier film and the waterproof and breathable film can not only improve its waterproof performance but also effectively ensure the airtightness of the connection.

[0038] 4. The cable tray described in the present invention can not only pass through the passive house wall but also pass through the passive house floor slab, and the connection part is sealed by an airtight sealing structure, so as to better meet the construction requirements.

[0039] 5. For the construction method of the airtight sealing structure of the cable tray passing through the passive house envelope structure in the present invention, the traditional method of directly passing the cable tray through the reserved hole in the envelope structure is modified to the method of embedding a steel casing, which can effectively solve the problem of sealing the gap between the periphery of the casing and the envelope structure. By using the casing and sealing the periphery of the casing, there will be no gap between the casing and the envelope structure; secondly, between the inside of the casing and the cable, a combined sealing method of filling with foamed polyurethane, asbestos cement and cooperating with sealant is adopted, which gives full play to the performance advantages of various sealing materials. Foamed polyurethane, asbestos cement and sealant are all flexible caulking materials, each with its own advantages. They can not only achieve the effects of filling densely and sealing tightly, but also meet the fire prevention requirements; thirdly, an airtight tape is pasted at the end of the casing. The setting of the airtight tape is very important, which can effectively seal the remaining micropores after the above two methods of sealing, and play an effective strengthening role in the above measures to ensure absolute safety and no air leakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural view of the airtight sealing structure of the cable tray passing through the passive house envelope structure in the present invention passing through the wall;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a partial structural view of the cable tray passing through the passive wall in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural view of the airtight sealing structure of the cable tray passing through the passive house envelope structure in the present invention passing through the floor slab;

[0043] Figure 4 It is a partial view of the cable tray passing through the passive house envelope structure passing through the floor slab in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0044] The present invention will be further clarified below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0047] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined.

[0048] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through additional features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely means that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely means that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] An airtight sealing structure for a cable tray to penetrate the envelope structure of a passive house, as shown in the figure, includes: a sleeve 1, a cable tray 2, and a cable 3. The sleeve 1 penetrates through the block wall of the passive house, and a polymer mortar filling layer 4 is provided between the sleeve 1 and the block wall. The cable tray 2 is sleeved on the outer sides of both ends of the sleeve 1 and extends to the outside of the polymer mortar filling layer 4. The cable 3 passes through the cable tray 2 and the sleeve 1, and an airtight sealing structure 5 is provided at the gap between the sleeve 1 and the cable 3 to seal the cable 3 and the ends of the cable trays 2 on both sides of the passive house. The cable tray 2 is fixed by a group of cable tray suspension rods 21, and the upper part of the cable tray suspension rod 21 is connected to the floor slab. It should be noted that the sleeve 1 is made of a galvanized steel sleeve.

[0052] In this embodiment, the airtight sealing structure 5 includes a foamed polyurethane 51, an asbestos cement 52, and a sealing putty 53. As Figure 1 shown, the foamed polyurethane 51 is provided in the middle of the gap between the sleeve 1 and the cable 3, the asbestos cement 52 is provided on both sides of the foamed polyurethane 51, and the sealing putty 53 is provided on the outside of the asbestos cement 52.

[0053] As shown in the figure, a silica gel sealing ring 6 is provided at the position where the sleeve 1 is close to the wall. An airtight tape 7 is provided outside the silica gel sealing ring 6. One end of the airtight tape 7 extends to the outside of the silica gel sealing ring 6 and is connected to the block wall, and the other end extends to the end of the sleeve 1. Moreover, a cable protective sleeve 8 is also provided between the end of the sleeve 1 and the waterproof vapor barrier 7;

[0054] The airtight tape is made of a waterproof vapor barrier or a waterproof breathable membrane. A waterproof vapor barrier is provided outside the cable protective sleeve 8 on the inner side of the passive house, and a waterproof breathable membrane is provided outside the cable protective sleeve 8 on the outer side of the passive house.

[0055] As shown in the figure, the inner diameter of the silica gel sealing ring 6 is the same as the outer diameter of the sleeve 1, and the inner side is tightened with the sleeve 1. The outer diameter of the silica gel sealing ring 6 is 50 mm wider than the sleeve 1, and the part exceeding the sleeve 1 is firmly pasted to the surrounding wall surface.

[0056] In this embodiment, the sleeve 1 is made of a galvanized steel sleeve, and the length of the sleeve 1 is increased by 30 - 80 mm on each side of the thickness of the passive house wall.

[0057] In this embodiment, the construction method of the airtight sealing structure for the cable tray to penetrate the envelope structure of the passive house is as follows: S1: Make the sleeve 1 according to the thickness of the passive house wall, and the length of the sleeve 1 is increased by 30~80 mm on each side of the wall thickness;

[0058] S2: Build the masonry wall, drill holes in the masonry block wall according to the positioning of the cable tray 2, embed the prefabricated sleeve 1, and seal the gap between the periphery of the sleeve 1 and the masonry block wall with polymer mortar 4;

[0059] S3: Coordinate the positioning of the sleeve 1 with the position of the cable tray 2 so that the outer shell of the cable tray 2 completely covers the periphery of the sleeve 1, ensure that the cable 3 in the cable tray 2 can smoothly pass through the sleeve 1, and minimize the bending of the cable 3;

[0060] S4: Install the cable tray 2. The cable tray 2 is installed on both sides of the sleeve 1, leaving a distance of not less than 500 mm on each side without installing the tray temporarily, to reserve enough operating space for airtight plugging on both sides of the sleeve 1;

[0061] S5: Lay the cable 3 in the cable tray and pass it through the sleeve 1 to penetrate the envelope wall of the passive house;

[0062] S6: After the cable 3 is laid, use the airtight plugging structure 5 to airtight plug the gap between the cable 3 and the sleeve 1, and then airtight plug the gap between the cable tray 2, the sleeve 1 and the polymer mortar 4;

[0063] S7: After all the plugging measures are completed, install the reserved cable tray 2 and perfect the cable tray cover plate.

[0064] In this embodiment, the method of filling the gap between the periphery of the sleeve 1 and the masonry block wall with the polymer mortar 4 in step S2 is as follows:

[0065] When filling the polymer mortar 4, gradually fill and compact it from the inside out without leaving gaps. When filling to the wall surface, compact and level the mortar surface. After filling, let it stand for at least 24 h before proceeding to the next process;

[0066] To ensure the tightness of the gap between the sleeve 1 and the wall, silicone rubber seals 6 are provided at the positions close to the wall at both ends of the sleeve 1. The inner side of the silicone rubber seals 6 is tightened with the sleeve 1, and the part extending 50 mm beyond the sleeve 1 is firmly pasted to the surrounding wall of the sleeve 1 to effectively seal the gap between the periphery of the sleeve and the wall.

[0067] In this embodiment, the construction method of the airtight plugging structure for the cable tray to penetrate the envelope structure of the passive house is characterized in that:

[0068] The specific plugging process in step S6 is as follows:

[0069] (1): First, inject foamed polyurethane 51 at the middle position inside the sleeve 1. The injection range of the foamed polyurethane 51 is not less than 1 / 2 of the wall thickness to ensure that the gap between the sleeve and the cable is filled tightly and fully. After injecting the foamed polyurethane 51, it needs to stand for 1 - 2 hours;

[0070] (2): After the foaming polyurethane glue 51 is fully foamed and solidified, asbestos cement 52 is filled at both sides of the wall inside the casing 1. The mixed asbestos cement 52 is fully stuffed into the gap between the casing 1 and the cable 3, and is gradually stuffed into the inside of the gap from both ends of the casing 1, stuffed densely from the inside to the outside, the surface is compacted and leveled, and cured for more than 24 hours before the next process can be carried out;

[0071] (3): Sealant clay 53 is used to seal around the cable. The sealing of the sealant clay 53 should be continuous and is carried out in two times. That is, in the first sealing, the sealant clay 53 fills the gap between the periphery of the cable 3 and the casing 1, and the surface is basically flush with the end of the casing 1. In the second sealing, a small amount of sealant clay 53 is used to make up for the uneven surface and the locally unsealed parts, and its surface is compacted and scraped flat to ensure that the periphery of the cable 3 and the inside of the casing 1 are all filled, and the surface is completely flush with the end of the casing 1;

[0072] (4): Then seal around the casing 1, that is, install cable protection sleeves 8 at the positions close to the cable 3 at both ends of the casing 1, and protect the sealant clay 53 inside the casing 1.

[0073] Stick airtight tape 7 on the outside of the cable protection sleeve 8, that is, there is a waterproof vapor barrier on the outside of the cable protection sleeve 8 on the inner side of the passive house, and a waterproof breathable membrane on the outside of the cable protection sleeve 8 on the outer side of the passive house. Before sticking, the cable 3, the casing 1, the cable protection sleeve 8, and the surrounding wall should be cleaned up to ensure firm sticking. The sticking of the airtight tape should ensure that the sticking and covering range on the side of the cable 3 exceeds the joint between the cable 3 and the cable protection sleeve 8 by not less than 50 mm, and at the same time, the sticking and covering range on the side of the wall also exceeds the joint between the silicone rubber sealing ring 6 and the block wall by not less than 50 mm. The range of the casing 1, the cable protection sleeve 8, and the silicone rubber sealing ring 6 must be completely stuck and covered tightly, and the joint parts of the airtight tape are fully overlapped, and the overlap width is not less than 50 mm.

[0074] In the construction method of the airtight sealing structure for the cable tray to penetrate the enclosure structure of the passive house in this embodiment, in step 2 of the sealing process, the mixing ratio of the asbestos cement is: water: asbestos: cement = 1: 3: 7;

[0075] Among them, the asbestos uses grade 4 or 5 asbestos wool, the cement uses 42.5 Portland cement, and 10% - 20% of the total amount of water is added for mixing.

[0076] Embodiment 2

[0077] In addition to being able to penetrate the passive house wall, the airtight sealing structure for a cable tray to penetrate the envelope structure of a passive house described in this embodiment can also penetrate the passive house floor slab. When it penetrates the passive house floor slab, the airtight sealing structure for the cable tray to penetrate the envelope structure of the passive house is slightly different from the structure for penetrating the passive house wall.

[0078] When the airtight sealing structure for the cable tray to penetrate the envelope structure of the passive house penetrates the passive house floor slab, its specific structure is as follows: In addition to the sleeve 1, the cable tray 2, the cable 3 and the airtight sealing structure 5, it also includes a floor finish layer 9, a floor slab 10 and a block wall 11. The block wall 11 is arranged above the floor slab 10. The floor finish layer 9 is arranged above the floor slab 10 and on one side of the block wall 11. The sleeve 1 passes through the floor finish layer 9 and the floor slab 10. The cable tray 2 is arranged outside the floor finish layer 9 and the floor slab 10 and completely covers the periphery of the sleeve 1. The cable 3 passes through the sleeve 1, and the gap between the cable 3 and the sleeve 1 is sealed by the airtight sealing structure 5. Cable protective sleeves 8 are provided at both ends of the sleeve 1, and an airtight tape 7 is pasted on the outside of the cable protective sleeves 8. It should be noted that the sleeve 1 is made of a galvanized steel sleeve. The airtight tape 7 can be a waterproof vapor barrier or a waterproof breathable membrane. A waterproof vapor barrier is provided on the outside of the cable protective sleeve 8 on the inner side of the passive house, and a waterproof breathable membrane is provided on the outside of the cable protective sleeve 8 on the outer side of the passive house.

[0079] The airtight sealing structure 5 is the same as the structure in Embodiment 1. The airtight sealing structure 5 includes a foamed polyurethane 51, an asbestos cement 52 and a sealant 53. As Figure 1 shown, the foamed polyurethane 51 is arranged in the middle of the gap between the sleeve 1 and the cable 3. The asbestos cement 52 is arranged on both sides of the foamed polyurethane 51. The sealant 53 is arranged on the outside of the asbestos cement 52. In addition, an airtight rib 11 is provided in the middle of the floor slab 10 for the sleeve 1.

[0080] The method for the airtight sealing structure for a cable tray to penetrate the envelope structure of a passive house described in this embodiment to penetrate the passive house floor slab is as follows: (1): First, make the sleeve 1 according to the thickness of the floor slab 10 and the floor finish layer 9. The length of the sleeve 1 is increased by 30 - 80 mm on each side of the total thickness of the floor slab 10 and the floor finish layer 9. An airtight rib 11 is provided at the middle position of the sleeve 1 on the floor slab 10;

[0081] (2): During the construction of the floor slab 10, embed the sleeve 1 into the floor slab 10. The positioning of the sleeve 1 is coordinated with the position of the cable tray 2 so that the outer shell of the cable tray 2 completely covers the periphery of the sleeve 1, ensuring that the cable 3 in the cable tray 2 can smoothly pass through the sleeve 1 and minimizing the bending of the cable 3;

[0082] (3): Install the cable tray 2. The cable tray 2 is installed on both sides of the sleeve 1, leaving a distance of not less than 500 mm un-installed on each side for the time being, to provide airtight plugging for both sides of the sleeve 1 and sufficient operating space for the construction of the floor decoration layer 9 on the floor slab 10, facilitating plugging and the construction of the decoration layer;

[0083] (4): Lay the cable 3. Lay the cable 3 in the cable tray 2 and pass it through the sleeve 1 to penetrate the enclosure floor slab 10 of the passive house;

[0084] (5): After the cable 3 is laid, use the airtight plugging structure 5 to conduct airtight plugging between the cable 3 and the sleeve 1, and then conduct airtight plugging between the cable tray 2, the sleeve 1 and the polymer mortar 4;

[0085] (6): After all the plugging measures are completed, install the reserved cable tray 2, conduct the construction of the floor decoration layer at this part, install the reserved part of the cable tray, and complete the cable tray cover plate, etc.

[0086] The construction method of the airtight plugging structure for the cable tray to penetrate the passive floor slab in this embodiment is characterized in that:

[0087] The specific plugging process in the step (5) is as follows:

[0088] (1): First, inject the foamed polyurethane 51 at the middle position inside the sleeve 1. The injection range of the foamed polyurethane 51 is not less than 1 / 2 of the overall thickness of the floor slab, ensuring that the gap between the sleeve and the cable is filled tightly and fully. After injecting the foamed polyurethane 51, it needs to be left standing for 1 to 2 hours;

[0089] (2): After the foamed polyurethane glue 51 is fully foamed and solidified, fill the asbestos cement 52 at the upper and lower positions of the floor slab 10 inside the sleeve 1. Fill the well-mixed asbestos cement 52 fully into the gap between the sleeve 1 and the cable 3, gradually filling it into the gap from both ends of the sleeve 1, stuffing it densely from the inside to the outside, compacting and leveling the surface, and curing for more than 24 hours before proceeding to the next process;

[0090] (3): Use the sealant clay 53 to plug around the cable. The plugging with the sealant clay 53 should be continuous and is carried out in two steps. That is, for the first plugging, fill the sealant clay 53 into the gap between the cable 3 and the sleeve 1 around the cable until the surface is basically flush with the end of the sleeve 1. For the second plugging, use a small amount of sealant clay 53 to make up for the uneven surface and local non-tight parts, and compact and scrape the surface flat, so that the area around the cable 3 and the inside of the sleeve 1 are all filled, and the surface is completely flush with the end of the sleeve 1. When plugging under the sleeve 1 at the bottom of the floor slab 10, in order to prevent falling off, a support plate is needed to temporarily support the sealant clay 53, and it is left standing for not less than 4 hours. After it is firmly fixed, the support plate is removed;

[0091] (4): Seal the periphery of the sleeve 1, that is, install cable protective sleeves 8 at positions close to the cable 3 at both ends of the sleeve 1, and protect the sealing putty 53 inside the sleeve 1.

[0092] Paste airtight tape on the outside of the cable protective sleeve 8. A waterproof and vapor-barrier film is provided on the outside of the cable protective sleeve 8 on the inner side of the passive house, and a waterproof and breathable film is provided on the outside of the cable protective sleeve 8 on the outer side of the passive house. Before pasting, the cable 3, the sleeve 1, the cable protective sleeve 8, and the surrounding floor slab should be cleaned up to ensure firm pasting. Ensure firm pasting. The pasting of the airtight tape should ensure that the pasting and covering range on the side of the cable 3 exceeds the joint between the cable 3 and the cable protective sleeve 8 by no less than 50 mm. At the same time, the pasting and covering range on the side of the floor slab also exceeds the joint between the sleeve 1 and the floor slab 10 by no less than 50 mm. The range of the sleeve 1 and the cable protective sleeve 8 must be completely pasted and covered tightly. The joint part of the airtight tape should be fully overlapped, and the overlap width is not less than 50 mm.

[0093] In this embodiment, the airtight rib 11 is welded with galvanized steel plates. The thickness of the steel plate is 3 mm, and the width is 30 - 50 mm. The airtight rib 11 is combined with the concrete of the surrounding floor slab 10 to form a curved structure for isolating air penetration, cutting off the penetration channel, and can effectively meet the airtightness requirements. Under the condition of an indoor-outdoor pressure difference of 50 Pa, the gap between the sleeve and the floor slab does not leak air.

[0094] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements can still be made, and these improvements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An airtight sealing structure for a cable tray to pass through the envelope structure of a passive house, characterized in that: Including: A casing (1), a cable tray (2) and a cable (3). The casing (1) passes through the block wall of the passive house, and a polymer mortar filling layer (4) is provided between the casing (1) and the block wall. The cable tray (2) is sleeved outside both ends of the casing (1) and extends to the outside of the polymer mortar filling layer (4). The cable (3) passes through the cable tray (2) and the casing (1), and an airtight sealing structure (5) is provided at the gap between the casing (1) and the cable (3) to seal the cable (3) and the ends of the cable trays (2) on both sides of the passive house. The cable tray (2) is fixed by a group of cable tray hanging rods (21), and the upper part of the cable tray hanging rod (21) is connected to the floor slab; The airtight sealing structure (5) includes foamed polyurethane (51), asbestos cement (52) and sealant putty (53). The foamed polyurethane (51) is arranged in the middle of the gap between the casing (1) and the cable (3), the asbestos cement (52) is arranged on both sides of the foamed polyurethane (51), and the sealant putty (53) is arranged outside the asbestos cement (52); A silica gel sealing ring (6) is provided at the position where the casing (1) is close to the wall. An airtight tape (7) is provided outside the silica gel sealing ring (6). One end of the airtight tape (7) extends to the outside of the silica gel sealing ring (6) and is connected to the block wall, and the other end extends to the end of the casing (1). Moreover, a cable protective sleeve (8) is also provided between the end of the casing (1) and the waterproof vapor barrier film; The airtight tape is made of a waterproof vapor barrier film or a waterproof breathable film. A waterproof vapor barrier film is provided outside the cable protective sleeve (8) on the inner side of the passive house, and a waterproof breathable film is provided outside the cable protective sleeve (8) on the outer side of the passive house; The construction method of the airtight sealing structure for the cable tray to pass through the envelope structure of the passive house includes the following steps: S1: Make the casing (1) according to the thickness of the passive house wall. The length of the casing (1) is increased by 30 - 80 mm on each side of the wall thickness; S2: Build the wall, and make holes in the block wall of the built wall according to the positioning of the cable tray (2), and embed the prefabricated casing (1). The gap between the periphery of the casing (1) and the block wall is sealed with polymer mortar; S3: Coordinate the positioning of the casing (1) with the position of the cable tray (2) so that the outer shell of the cable tray (2) completely covers the periphery of the casing (1) to ensure that the cable (3) in the cable tray (2) can smoothly pass through the casing (1) and reduce the bending of the cable (3); S4: Install the cable tray (2). The cable tray (2) is installed on both sides of the casing (1), and a distance of not less than 500 mm is reserved on each side without installing the tray temporarily to reserve enough operating space for airtight sealing on both sides of the casing (1); S5: Lay the cable (3) in the cable tray and pass through the envelope wall of the passive house through the casing (1); S6: After the cable (3) is laid, the space between the cable (3) and the sleeve (1) is hermetically sealed through the airtight sealing structure (5), and then the space between the cable tray (2) and the sleeve (1) and the polymer mortar is hermetically sealed; S7: After all the sealing measures are completed, install the reserved cable tray (2) and complete the cable tray cover plate; The method for filling the gap between the periphery of the sleeve (1) and the block wall in the step S2 with polymer mortar is as follows: When filling the polymer mortar, it is gradually filled and compacted from the inside out without leaving any gaps. When filling to the wall surface, the mortar surface layer is compacted and leveled. After the filling is completed, it shall be cured statically for not less than 24 hours before the next process can be carried out; To ensure the tightness of the gap between the sleeve (1) and the wall, silicone rubber gaskets (6) are arranged at the positions close to the wall at both ends of the sleeve (1). The inner side of the silicone rubber gasket (6) is tightly fastened to the sleeve (1), and the part extending 50 mm beyond the sleeve (1) is firmly pasted to the surrounding wall surface of the sleeve (1) to effectively seal the gap between the periphery of the sleeve and the wall; The specific sealing process in the step S6 is as follows: (1): First, inject foamed polyurethane (51) at the middle position inside the sleeve (1). The injection range of the foamed polyurethane (51) is not less than 1 / 2 of the wall thickness to ensure that the gap between the sleeve and the cable is filled tightly and fully. After injecting the foamed polyurethane (51), it needs to be left standing for 1 - 2 hours; (2): After the foamed polyurethane glue is fully foamed and solidified, fill asbestos cement (52) at both sides of the wall inside the sleeve (1). The well - mixed asbestos cement (52) is fully filled into the gap between the sleeve (1) and the cable (3). It is gradually filled into the gap from both ends of the sleeve (1) respectively, filled and compacted from the inside out, the surface is compacted and leveled, and cured for more than 24 hours before the next process can be carried out; (3): Seal around the cable with sealant clay (53). The sealing with the sealant clay (53) shall be continuous and is carried out in two times. That is, for the first sealing, the sealant clay (53) is filled into the gap between the periphery of the cable (3) and the sleeve (1) until the surface is basically flush with the end of the sleeve (1). For the second sealing, a small amount of sealant clay (53) is used to make up for the uneven surface and local non - tight parts, and its surface is compacted and scraped flat to ensure that the periphery of the cable (3) and the inside of the sleeve (1) are all filled and the surface is completely flush with the end of the sleeve (1); (4): Then seal the periphery of the sleeve (1). That is, install cable protective sleeves (8) at the positions close to the cable (3) at both ends of the sleeve (1) to protect the sealant clay inside the sleeve (1); Paste an airtight tape on the outside of the cable sheath (8). A waterproof and vapor barrier film is provided on the outside of the cable sheath (8) inside the passive house, and a waterproof and breathable film is provided on the outside of the cable sheath (8) outside the passive house. Before pasting, the cable (3), the sleeve (1), the cable sheath (8), and the surrounding wall should be cleaned thoroughly to ensure firm adhesion. When pasting the airtight tape, it is necessary to ensure that the pasting and covering range on the side of the cable (3) extends beyond the joint of the cable (3) and the cable sheath (8) by no less than 50 mm. At the same time, the pasting and covering range on the side of the wall also extends beyond the joint of the silicone rubber sealing ring (6) and the block wall by no less than 50 mm. The ranges of the sleeve (1), the cable sheath (8), and the silicone rubber sealing ring (6) must be completely pasted and covered tightly. The joint part of the airtight tape should be fully overlapped, and the overlap width is not less than 50 mm.

2. The airtight sealing structure for a cable tray to pass through the envelope structure of a passive house according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the silicone rubber sealing ring (6) is the same as the outer diameter of the sleeve (1), and the inner side is tightly clamped with the sleeve (1). The outer diameter of the silicone rubber sealing ring (6) is 50 mm wider than the sleeve (1), and the part exceeding the sleeve (1) is firmly pasted with the surrounding wall surface.

3. The airtight sealing structure for a cable tray to pass through the envelope structure of a passive house according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (1) is made of galvanized steel sleeve, and the length of the sleeve (1) is increased by 30 - 80 mm on each side of the thickness of the passive house wall.

4. The airtight sealing structure for a cable tray to penetrate the envelope structure of a passive house according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2) of the plugging process, the mixing ratio of the asbestos cement is: water: asbestos: cement = 1:3:7; Among them, the asbestos uses 4th or 5th grade asbestos wool, the cement uses 42.5 Portland cement, and 10% - 20% of the total amount of water is added for mixing.

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