A heat transfer composition for use in a heat pump air conditioner

Abstract

The application discloses a heat transfer composition for a heat pump air conditioner, which comprises: a first component, wherein the first component is trifluoroiodomethane, and the mass content is 1-40%; a second component, wherein the second component is 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl, and the mass content is 1-60%; a third component, wherein the third component is selected from difluoromethane and / or cis-1,2-difluoroethylene, and the mass content is 1-25%; and a fourth component, wherein the fourth component is selected from at least one of trifluoroethylene, propane or hexafluoropropylene, and the mass content is 1-60%; and the total mass content of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component is 100%. The heat transfer composition has excellent refrigeration performance and heating performance, especially outstanding heating performance in a low-temperature environment, and is suitable for being used as a heat transfer medium of a new energy automobile heat pump air conditioner system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to heat transfer fluids, in particular to a heat transfer composition for heat pump air conditioners, especially new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioners. BACKGROUND

[0002] New energy vehicles generally include hybrid electric vehicles and pure electric vehicles, which are different from conventional fuel vehicles. New energy vehicles cannot fully utilize engine waste heat because they do not have engines or can not fully utilize engine waste heat. Therefore, they usually use PTC heating or heat pump air conditioning for heating. PTC heating has low efficiency, and its COP is equal to or less than 1. Using it at low temperature will significantly shorten the driving range. Therefore, high-efficiency heat pump air conditioners have gradually become a research hotspot in new energy vehicles.

[0003] At present, the heat transfer fluids of new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioning systems are mainly HFC-134a, HFO-1234yf and CO2. Among them, HFC-134a has a boiling point of -26.07℃. Due to its own properties, its heating effect is very poor when the ambient temperature is lower than -15℃, and it needs PTC auxiliary heating. As a substitute for R134a, HFO-1234yf has a boiling point of -29.49℃. Although it is environmentally friendly, its performance is close to that of R134a, i.e., its low-temperature heating performance is poor, and it also needs PTC auxiliary heating, thereby affecting the driving range of new energy vehicles. CO2 has good low-temperature heating performance, but its pressure is too high, the system design is complex, the cost is high, it is easy to leak, and it has poor high-temperature refrigeration performance. R410A is also used in a small amount in new energy vehicles. It has good refrigeration and heating performance, but its GWP is as high as 2088, and it is facing reduction and gradual elimination.

[0004] Patent CN109140812A of Xi'an Jiaotong University discloses a mixed working medium of CO2 and R290 for a heat pump system, which can reduce the system working pressure to a certain extent. However, when the system is used in the full temperature range, it is still in a transcritical cycle, has obvious throttling loss, poor refrigeration effect, and leakage, which brings difficulties to later maintenance. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a heat transfer composition for heat pump air conditioners, especially new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioners, which has large refrigeration capacity, good heating effect, and excellent environmental performance.

[0006] The components involved in the heat transfer composition of the present application are described as follows:

[0007] CF3I: trifluoroiodomethane;

[0008] TFP: 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl;

[0009] R1132-Z: cis-1,2-difluoroethylene;

[0010] R1123: trifluoroethene;

[0011] R290: propane;

[0012] R1216: hexafluoropropene.

[0013] The object of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0014] A heat transfer composition for a heat pump air conditioner, the heat transfer composition comprising:

[0015] a first component, the first component being trifluoroiodomethane, the mass content being 1-40%;

[0016] a second component, the second component being 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl, the mass content being 1-60%;

[0017] a third component, the third component being selected from the group consisting of difluoromethane and / or cis-1,2-difluoroethene, the mass content being 1-25%;

[0018] a fourth component, the fourth component being selected from at least one of trifluoroethene, propane or hexafluoropropene, the mass content being 1-60%;

[0019] the sum of the mass contents of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component being 100%.

[0020] Further, the heat transfer composition comprises:

[0021] 10-40% of the first component;

[0022] 5-40% of the second component;

[0023] 5-25% of the third component;

[0024] 10-40% of the fourth component.

[0025] Still further, the heat transfer composition comprises:

[0026] 25-35% of the first component;

[0027] 10-35% of the second component;

[0028] 10-22% of the third component;

[0029] 20-38% of the fourth component.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the heat transfer composition comprises: 25-35% trifluoroiodomethane, 10-20% 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl, 10-20% difluoromethane and 20-35% fourth component selected from trifluoroethylene and / or propane.

[0031] Generally, for the heat transfer medium of household air conditioner, the GWP is controlled in the range of 750; and for the heat transfer medium applied to the new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioner, compared with the household air conditioner, the GWP value needs to be controlled in a lower range, such as GWP value ≤ 150. Through research, the present application proposes a heat transfer composition with ODP value of 0 and GWP value < 150, which is very suitable for the heat pump air conditioning system of new energy vehicles.

[0032] The present application also proposes the application of the heat transfer composition for heat pump air conditioner described in any of the above to the new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, especially replacing R410A and applying to the new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioning system.

[0033] When applied to the new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioner, the heat transfer composition described in the present application has the following applicable working conditions: the evaporation temperature of the applicable working condition is -35-40℃, and the condensation temperature is 20-70℃.

[0034] For the existing refrigerants R134a and R1234yf of the new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, in the low temperature environment in winter, the heating capacity is poor, which obviously affects the cruising range of the new energy vehicle. Although the CO2 heat pump system has good low temperature heating performance, it has the disadvantage of poor refrigeration efficiency at high temperature, and cannot meet the refrigeration demand of the new energy vehicle. The heat transfer composition of the present application still has high volumetric heating capacity and heating energy efficiency ratio in the low temperature environment, and has good refrigeration performance at high temperature, and can directly replace R410A and be used in the heat pump air conditioning system originally using R410A, without changing the main parts of the equipment.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects of:

[0036] 1. The heat transfer composition of the present application has excellent refrigeration performance and heating performance, and has ODP value of 0 and GWP value < 150, which is environmentally friendly.

[0037] 2. When the heat transfer composition of the present application is used as a heat transfer medium for the new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, it can directly replace R410A and be used without changing the main parts of the equipment.

[0038] 3. When the heat transfer composition of the present application is used for the new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, it has volumetric refrigerating capacity, refrigeration energy efficiency ratio, volumetric heating capacity and heating energy efficiency ratio comparable to or higher than R410A, and the GWP value is much lower than that of R410A. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 The application further provides a heat transfer composition for a new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioning system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The application will be further described in connection with specific embodiments, but the application is not limited to these specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should recognize that the application encompasses all alternatives, modifications and equivalents possible within the scope of the claims.

[0041] The refrigerant composition provided by the application is prepared by physically mixing trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I), 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl (TFP), difluoromethane (R32) and / or cis-1,2-difluoroethylene (R1132-Z) and at least one of trifluoroethylene (R1123), propane (R290) or hexafluoropropylene (R1216) as a fourth component in a liquid phase state according to a certain ratio.

[0042] The component ratio and GWP value of the heat transfer composition of the embodiments 1-8 of the application are shown in Table 1 below:

[0043] Table 1 shows the component ratio and GWP value of the composition of each embodiment

[0044]

[0045] Figure 1 The refrigeration cycle and the heating cycle of the heat transfer composition of the application applied to the new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioning system are schematically shown as follows:

[0046] After the new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioner is started, the motor 1 works on the compressor 2. During refrigeration, the compressor 2 sucks in low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor, compresses it into high-temperature and high-pressure vapor, enters the vehicle outer heat exchanger 6 through the four-way valve 3, is cooled and decompressed through the throttling valve 5, and then enters the vehicle inner heat exchanger 4. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is boiled after absorbing heat and is sucked into the compressor 2 again, and the above process is repeated, so as to achieve the effect of refrigeration in the vehicle.

[0047] During heating, the high-temperature and high-pressure vapor compressed by the compressor 2 enters the vehicle inner heat exchanger 4 through the four-way valve 3, releases heat to the vehicle environment, and then enters the vehicle outer heat exchanger 6 after being cooled and decompressed by the throttling valve 5. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is boiled after absorbing heat and is sucked into the compressor 2 again, and the above process is repeated, so as to achieve the effect of heating in the vehicle.

[0048] Table 2 shows the refrigeration and heating performance of the heat transfer compositions of the embodiments of the present application and R410A applied to the new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioning system under the same working conditions, and the working conditions are as follows: refrigeration working condition: evaporation temperature 5℃, condensation temperature 40℃, supercooling degree and superheating degree are both 5℃; heating working condition: evaporation temperature -20℃, condensation temperature 40℃, supercooling degree and superheating degree are both 5℃.

[0049] Comparison of refrigeration / heating performance of the heat transfer compositions of each embodiment of Table 2 and R410A

[0050]

[0051] Note: The data of volumetric refrigeration capacity, refrigeration energy efficiency ratio, volumetric heating capacity and heating energy efficiency ratio have been converted into the ratio compared with R410A.

[0052] From the above Table 2, it can be seen that the heat transfer compositions provided by the present application have the same volumetric refrigeration capacity, refrigeration energy efficiency ratio, volumetric heating capacity and heating energy efficiency ratio as R410A under the same working conditions; the heating and refrigeration performance of Examples 1, 3 and 6 are all better than R410A, and have good application effect. Moreover, the volumetric heating and refrigeration capacity of the heat transfer compositions provided by the present application is obviously higher than R134a under the same working conditions, and the heating performance is outstanding in low temperature environment.

Claims

1. Use of a heat transfer composition for a heat pump air conditioner in a new energy automobile heat pump air conditioning system, characterized in that: The heat transfer composition comprises: a first component, which is trifluoroiodomethane, with a mass content of 1-40%; a second component, which is 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl, with a mass content of 1-60%; a third component, which is selected from difluoromethane and / or cis-1,2-difluoroethylene, with a mass content of 1-25%; a fourth component, which is selected from at least one of trifluoroethylene, propane or hexafluoropropylene, with a mass content of 1-60%; the total mass content of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component is 100%.

2. Use of the heat transfer composition for heat pump air conditioning according to claim 1 in a new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, characterized in that: The heat transfer composition comprises: 10-40% of the first component; 5-40% of the second component; 5-25% of the third component; 10-40% of the fourth component.

3. Use of the heat transfer composition for heat pump air conditioning according to claim 2 in a new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, characterized in that: The heat transfer composition comprises: 25-35% of the first component; 10-35% of the second component; 10-22% of the third component; 20-38% of the fourth component.

4. Use of the heat transfer composition for heat pump air conditioning according to claim 3 in a new energy vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, characterized in that: The heat transfer composition comprises: 25-35% of trifluoroiodomethane, 10-20% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl, 10-20% of difluoromethane and 20-35% of a fourth component selected from trifluoroethylene and / or propane.

5. Use of the heat transfer composition according to any one of claims 1-4 for a heat pump air conditioner of a new energy vehicle air conditioning system, characterized in that: The heat transfer composition has an ODP value of 0 and a GWP value < 150.

6. Use of the heat transfer composition according to any one of claims 1-4 for a heat pump air conditioner of a new energy vehicle air conditioning system, characterized in that: The heat transfer composition is used instead of R410A.

7. Use of the heat transfer composition according to any one of claims 1-4 for a heat pump air conditioner of a new energy vehicle air conditioning system, characterized in that: The applicable working condition has an evaporation temperature of -35-40℃ and a condensation temperature of 20-70℃.

Images