Bottom-seated platform and installation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a bottom-supported platform, which is installed at sea and includes a workbench, a support structure, a ballast tank, and a compartment dividing structure. The support structure includes a plurality of columns spaced apart along the periphery of the workbench, a plurality of low cross braces respectively arranged between two adjacent columns, and a plurality of sediment tanks fixed to the lower ends of the columns. The columns extend in the vertical direction. The ballast tanks include a column tank arranged in the columns, a sediment tank arranged in the sediment tank, and a low cross brace tank arranged in the low cross brace. The column tanks are connected to adjacent sediment tanks and adjacent low cross brace tanks. The compartment dividing structure includes a first partition wall and a second partition wall. The first partition wall is arranged at the bottom end of the sediment tank to separate the sediment tanks. The second partition wall is located between the column tank and an adjacent low cross brace tank to separate the column tank and the adjacent low cross brace tank, and a gap is formed between the second partition wall and the top of the low cross brace tank. The structure of the bottom-supported platform is simplified and the stability of the bottom-supported platform is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore equipment, and in particular to a bottom-supported platform and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A bottom-seated platform is a type of offshore platform that simultaneously meets the requirements for platform launching, towing stability, and bottoming stability. However, existing bottom-seated platforms have large internal compartments, resulting in a large free surface area during towing and bottoming. This, in turn, requires larger components to ensure towing stability and bottoming stability. Ballast and ventilation systems are also required, increasing construction costs. The larger support structure also increases the underwater flow area of ​​the bottom-seated platform, resulting in greater resistance during towing, which reduces the economic and stability of the bottom-seated platform during towing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a bottom-seated platform and its installation method with simple structure, small size, low cost, good economy and stability.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] According to one aspect of the present application, the present application provides a bottom-based platform, which is set at sea and includes: a workbench, a supporting structure, a ballast tank and a cabin dividing structure; the supporting structure includes a plurality of columns, a plurality of low cross braces and a plurality of sedimentation; a plurality of the columns are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the workbench, and the columns extend in the up and down directions; a plurality of the low cross braces are respectively arranged between two adjacent columns; the sedimentation is fixed at the lower end of the column; the ballast tank is used to inject ballast water to balance the workbench; the ballast tank includes a column tank arranged in the column, a sedimentation tank arranged in the sedimentation and a sedimentation tank arranged in the A low transverse brace tank in a low transverse brace; the column tank is connected to the adjacent sedimentation tank and the adjacent low transverse brace tank; a cabin dividing structure is arranged in the ballast tank; the cabin dividing structure includes a first partition wall and a second partition wall, the first partition wall is arranged at the bottom end of the sedimentation tank, the first partition wall extends in the front and rear directions to abut against the inner peripheral wall of the sedimentation tank to separate the sedimentation tank along the left and right directions; the second partition wall is arranged between the column tank and an adjacent low transverse brace tank to separate the column tank and the adjacent low transverse brace tank, and there is a gap between the second partition wall and the top of the low transverse brace tank.

[0006] In some embodiments, the low cross brace cabins are provided at both ends of the low cross brace, and the low cross brace cabins extend along the extension direction of the low cross brace itself, and the two low cross brace cabins on the same low cross brace are arranged at intervals; the same column cabin connects the low cross brace cabins at adjacent ends of the two low cross braces.

[0007] In some embodiments, the column is located in the middle of the upper end of the sedimentation, the first partition wall coincides with the center line of the column, the first partition wall extends in the up and down directions and extends into the column cabin, and the upper end of the first partition wall is lower than the lower end of the low cross brace.

[0008] In some embodiments, the low cross brace is located at the lower part of the column, and the upper end of the second partition wall is higher than the center line of the low cross brace compartment.

[0009] In some embodiments, the height of the second dividing bulkhead is ¾ of the height of the low cross brace.

[0010] In some embodiments, a water injection device is provided on the column, and the water injection device supplies water to the space of the sedimentation tank outside the first partition wall.

[0011] In some embodiments, a dragging and fixing structure is provided on the outer sides of the upper ends of the left and right sides of the sediment.

[0012] In some embodiments, a plurality of the pillars are enclosed to form a regular polygonal structure.

[0013] A method for installing a bottom-supported platform is applied to the above-mentioned bottom-supported platform; when the bottom-supported platform is put into water for towing, water is respectively supplied to the multiple sedimentation tanks to balance the ocean resistance and make the sea level located between the center line of the low cross brace and the upper end of the low cross brace; after the bottom-supported platform is towed to the destination, water is injected into the ballast tank so that the liquid level in the ballast tank passes through the first dividing bulkhead, the second dividing bulkhead, the upper end of the low cross brace tank and the column tank on the upper side of the low cross brace tank in sequence, thereby causing the sediment to slowly sink to the seabed.

[0014] In some embodiments, when the bottom-supported platform is towed, the towing resistance center of the bottom-supported platform is located in the middle between the bottom end of the sediment and the sea level.

[0015] In some embodiments, when the bottom-supported platform is towed into the water, water is supplied to at most three of the ballast tanks to balance the bottom-supported platform.

[0016] In some embodiments, the plurality of ballast tanks are divided into a plurality of water injection groups, each of which includes two ballast tanks symmetrically arranged along the center of the bottom-supported platform; after the bottom-supported platform moves to the destination, the plurality of water injection groups are sequentially injected with water along the circumferential direction to fill the ballast tanks, so that the sediment touches the bottom and is compacted;

[0017] After the first water injection by the multiple water injection groups, the sedimentation tank is filled with liquid, and the liquid level is flush with the first partition wall;

[0018] After the second water injection by the multiple water injection groups, the liquid level in the ballast tank is lower than the height of the second dividing bulkhead;

[0019] After the water injection groups inject water for the third time, the liquid level of the ballast tank reaches the upper end of the low cross support tank;

[0020] After the plurality of water injection groups inject water for the fourth time, the liquid level of the ballast tank is located on the upper side of the low cross-stay tank;

[0021] The fourth water injection process is cycled and the water injection is stopped when the sedimentation support chamber is pressed against the seabed.

[0022] It can be seen from the above technical solution that this application has at least the following advantages and positive effects:

[0023] In the present application, the supporting structure, ballast tanks and cabin division structure of the bottom-sitting platform are simplified, the production cost of the bottom-sitting platform is reduced, and the economy of the bottom-sitting platform is improved. During the towing process, the bottom-sitting platform can quickly and stably balance the flow load of the ocean during the towing of the bottom-sitting platform through the ballast tanks and cabin division structure, so that the platform floats positively. It also has a smaller frontal surface area and smaller towing resistance. After the bottom-sitting platform is towed to the destination, by supplying water to multiple ballast tanks, the bottom-sitting platform can enhance the deformation resistance of the supporting structure when resisting deep-sea pressure when sinking to the seabed, reduce the structural deformation caused by uneven water injection, and enable the bottom-sitting platform to sink stably and safely, thereby extending the service life of the bottom-sitting platform and improving the stability of the bottom-sitting platform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the floor-standing platform of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the rear side of the support structure of the bottom-supported platform embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view at AA in the middle.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first sedimentation tank of the first water injection group of the bottom-supported platform embodiment of the present invention after water is injected.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sedimentation tank of the first water injection group of the bottom-supported platform embodiment of the present invention after water is injected.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sedimentation tank of the second water injection group of the bottom-supported platform embodiment of the present invention after water is injected.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a bottom-supported platform according to the present invention, in which the free liquid surface in the first water injection group is located between the first partition wall and the second partition wall.

[0031] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Cross-sectional view at the middle BB.

[0032] Figure 9 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a bottom-supported platform according to the present invention when the free liquid level in the first water injection group reaches the upper end of the low cross support tank.

[0033] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Cross-sectional view at CC.

[0034] Figure 11 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the bottom-supported platform embodiment of the present invention when the free liquid level in the second water injection group reaches the upper end of the low cross support tank.

[0035] Figure 12 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a bottom-supported platform of the present invention when the free liquid surface in the first water injection group is located on the upper side of the low cross brace.

[0036] Figure 13 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a bottom-supported platform of the present invention when the free liquid surface in the first water injection group is located on the upper side of the low cross brace.

[0037] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0038] 10. Tugboat; 200. Support structure; 210. Column; 220. Low cross brace; 230. Sedimentation; 231. Towing fixed structure; 240. High cross brace; 250. Diagonal cross brace; 300. Ballast tank; 310. Column tank; 320. Low cross brace tank; 330. Sedimentation tank; 331. First sedimentation tank; 332. Second sedimentation tank; 400. Cabin partition structure; 410. First dividing bulkhead; 420. Second dividing bulkhead; 500. Water injection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Typical embodiments that embody the features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the following description. It should be understood that the present application can have various variations in different embodiments without departing from the scope of the present application, and the descriptions and illustrations therein are essentially for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0040] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0041] GM value, GM value = initial stability height GM0 - free liquid surface correction GMCORR, GM value is also called stability height GM.

[0042] Initial stability height GM0 = waterplane moment of inertia / displacement - height of center of gravity of bottom-seated platform.

[0043] Free surface correction GMCORR = total free surface moment of inertia in the tank / displacement, where the free surface moment of inertia is the quadratic area moment of the liquid surface in the tank about the horizontal axis passing through the center of the platform.

[0044] Tilt moment: The moment caused by external force that causes the seated platform to tilt.

[0045] In related technologies, bottom-supported platforms are suitable for environments such as oceans and lakes. They can provide an installation base and a working environment for various mechanical equipment, facilitating the utilization and development of marine resources.

[0046] After the platform is produced, it is typically transported by barge to the sea near the work destination. It is then secured at its destination through operations such as immersion, towing, and sinking and floating. Once the barge reaches the sea near its destination, it dives within its permitted range until the platform floats freely, thereby placing the platform in the ocean. At this point, the platform has completed its immersion. Once in the water, it connects to a tugboat, which tows the platform away from the barge and drives it for towing. Once the tugboat has towed the platform to its destination, it sinks and floats until its bottom contacts the ocean floor and is compacted. This completes the installation process.

[0047] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the floor-standing platform of the present invention. Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view at AA in the middle.

[0048] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 For the convenience of description and understanding, the state of the bottom-seated platform itself is used as a reference. Figure 3 The direction of the X axis in FIG3 is the front of the following text, and the direction away from the front is the back of the following text; the direction of the Y axis in FIG3 is the left of the following text, and the direction away from the left is the right of the following text; Figure 1 The direction of the middle Z axis is the upper part of the following text, and the direction away from the upper part is the lower part of the following text.

[0049] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the rear side of the support structure of the bottom-supported platform embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the present application provides a bottom-based platform, which includes a workbench (not shown in the figure), a support structure 200, a ballast tank 300 and a cabin dividing structure 400. The workbench extends horizontally for installing mechanical equipment. The support structure 200 is arranged on the side of the workbench to support the workbench. The ballast tank 300 is arranged in the support structure 200 to enable the bottom-based platform to maintain balance during towing and sinking, thereby reducing the towing resistance and tilting moment caused by towing tilt. The cabin dividing structure 400 is arranged in the ballast tank 300 to separate the ballast tank 300, thereby reducing the area of ​​the free liquid surface in the ballast tank 300 and increasing the stability of the bottom-based platform. After the bottom-sitting platform is towed to the destination, water is supplied to multiple ballast tanks 300 so that when the bottom-sitting platform sinks to the seabed, the deformation resistance of the support structure 200 is enhanced when resisting deep-sea pressure, so that the bottom-sitting platform can sink stably and safely, extending the service life of the bottom-sitting platform and improving the stability of the bottom-sitting platform.

[0051] See Figure 1 In this embodiment, the work platform is located above sea level so as to be able to carry living cabins, drilling equipment, oil production equipment, transportation equipment, observation equipment, navigation equipment, construction equipment, etc., so that the bottom-based platform can be used for various purposes such as living and working, thereby improving the utilization rate of marine resources.

[0052] See Figures 1 to 2In the present invention, a support structure 200 is provided around the perimeter of the workbench to support the workbench. The support structure 200 includes a plurality of columns 210, a plurality of low cross braces 220, a plurality of high cross braces 240, a plurality of diagonal cross braces 250, and a plurality of deposits 230. The columns 210 are spaced apart along the perimeter of the workbench and extend vertically. The upper ends of the columns 210 abut and are restrained against the lower surface of the workbench, while the lower ends of the columns 210 abut and are restrained against the deposits 230.

[0053] The primary function of columns 210 is to provide the waterplane moment of inertia across the entire draft range (from floating draft to sinking and landing), ensuring the platform's ability to sink and float. Columns 210 are cylindrical, with their centerlines extending in the vertical direction. This cylindrical shape reduces the ocean's fluid resistance during towing of the platform. In some embodiments, multiple columns 210 form a regular polygonal structure. In this embodiment, there are four columns 210, and in a cross-section perpendicular to the vertical direction, the centerlines of the four columns 210 form a square.

[0054] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The low cross brace 220 and the high cross brace 240 are both located between two adjacent columns 210. The high cross brace 240 is located above the low cross brace 220 to enhance the structural strength of the support structure 200. The low cross brace 220 is located at the bottom of the columns 210. Two low cross braces 220 and two high cross braces 240 are connected to each column 210 to enhance the structural strength of the base-based platform. The low cross brace 220 is cylindrical, which reduces the fluid resistance encountered by the base-based platform during movement.

[0055] Furthermore, the low cross brace 220 can provide the waterplane moment of inertia during towing, ensuring that the bottom-seated platform has a larger GM value during towing. It can also provide a certain amount of buoyancy to ensure that the draft of the bottom-seated platform is within a certain range.

[0056] Multiple diagonal cross braces 250 are positioned between the low cross braces 220 and the high cross braces 240, arranged in an oblique, cross-like arrangement. The upper and lower ends of the diagonal cross braces 250 connect to the high cross braces 240 and the low cross braces 220, respectively, to reinforce the structural strength of the columns 210, the low cross braces 220, and the high cross braces 240. In some embodiments, the columns 210, the low cross braces 220, the high cross braces 240, and the diagonal cross braces 250 are welded together to enhance the structural strength of the support structure 200.

[0057] See Figures 1 to 3, multiple sediments 230 mainly provide buoyancy during floating, ensuring that the draft of the bottom-based platform is within the specified range. Multiple sediments 230 are fixed to the lower ends of multiple columns 210, and the columns 210 are located in the middle of the upper ends of the sediments 230. The lower end of the sediment 230 can abut against the seabed to support the columns 210, the workbench and the mechanical equipment thereon. The height of the sediment 230 is smaller than the size of the sediment 230 along the front-to-back direction, and the height of the sediment 230 is also smaller than the size of the sediment 230 along the left-to-right direction. In some embodiments, in a cross section perpendicular to the up-down direction, the sediment 230 is a polygonal structure. In some embodiments, the sediment 230 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure. In other embodiments, the sediment 230 is a cylindrical structure.

[0058] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first sedimentation tank of the first water injection group of the bottom-supported platform embodiment of the present invention after water is injected.

[0059] See Figures 2 to 4 In this embodiment, the ballast tanks 300 are sealed and contain water to balance the work platform. The ballast tanks 300 include a column tank 310 within the column 210, a settling tank 330 within the settling tank 230, and a low cross brace tank 320 within the low cross brace 220. The column tanks 310 communicate with adjacent settling tanks 330 and adjacent low cross brace tanks 320.

[0060] The columns 210 are hollowed out to form column compartments 310, which extend vertically. The sedimentation tanks 230 are hollowed out to form sedimentation compartments 330. Each low cross brace 220 has hollowed-out sections at both ends to form low cross brace compartments 320. The two low cross brace compartments 320 at either end of the same low cross brace 220 are spaced apart to prevent them from communicating. The low cross brace compartments 320 extend in the direction of their respective low cross brace 220.

[0061] Two low cross braces 220 are connected to each column 210, and the two adjacent low cross brace tanks 320 on the two low cross braces 220 connected to the same column 210 are both connected to the column tank 310, so that when the ballast tank 300 is loaded with water, the liquid level in the ballast tank 300 can flow through the sedimentation tank 330, the low cross brace tank 320, and the column tank 310 in sequence.

[0062] In some embodiments, each low cross brace 220 is hollow inside, and a watertight bulkhead is provided in the middle of the low cross brace 220. The size of the watertight bulkhead is the same as the cross-section of the low cross brace 220. The watertight bulkhead in the low cross brace 220 divides the hollow space into two low cross brace compartments 320. The two low cross brace compartments 320 are respectively connected to their adjacent column compartments 310, that is, the same column 210 is connected to the two low cross brace compartments.

[0063] As the liquid level in the ballast tank 300 moves up and down, the area of ​​the liquid level in the lower strut tank 320 is larger than that in the settling tank 330, and the area of ​​the liquid level in the settling tank 330 is larger than that in the column tank 310. This allows users to balance the bottom-seated platform by controlling the liquid surface area, reducing its moment of inertia during towing. It also allows for control of the bottom-seated platform's sinking and buoyancy, as well as the ground pressure and anti-slip capability during normal bottom-seated conditions.

[0064] In this embodiment, the multiple ballast tanks 300 are divided into multiple water-injection groups. Each water-injection group includes two ballast tanks 300 symmetrically arranged around the center of the submerged platform. Water is sequentially injected into the multiple water-injection groups multiple times along the circumference to fill the ballast tanks 300, causing the sediment 230 to sink to the seabed. In some embodiments, there are four columns 210. The ballast tanks 300 within the four columns 210 are divided into a first water-injection group and a second water-injection group. The two ballast tanks 300 within each water-injection group are symmetrically arranged around the center of the submerged platform.

[0065] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sedimentation tank of the first water injection group of the bottom-supported platform embodiment of the present invention after water is injected. Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sedimentation tank of the second water injection group of the bottom-supported platform embodiment of the present invention after water is injected. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a bottom-supported platform according to the present invention, in which the free liquid surface in the first water injection group is located between the first partition wall and the second partition wall.

[0066] See Figure 2 、 Figures 4 to 7 In this embodiment, the compartment partitioning structure 400 is disposed within the ballast tank 300. The compartment partitioning structure 400 includes a first partition wall 410 and a second partition wall 420. The first partition wall 410 is disposed at the bottom end of the settling tank 330. The first partition wall 410 extends in the front-to-rear direction to abut the inner circumferential wall of the settling tank 330, and the first partition wall 410 divides the settling tank 330 in the left-to-right direction. The first partition wall 410 divides the settling tank 330 into a first settling tank 331 and a second settling tank 332. The first settling tank 331 is located on the side of the second settling tank 332 that faces away from the center of the workbench. This reduces the area of ​​the liquid surface within the settling tank 330, thereby improving the stability of the settling tank 330.

[0067] The first bulkhead 410 coincides with the centerline of the adjacent column 210 and extends in the vertical direction and into the column compartment 310. The upper end of the first bulkhead 410 is lower than the lower end of the low cross brace 220.

[0068] A second bulkhead 420 is disposed between the column compartment 310 and an adjacent low-transverse compartment 320 to separate the column compartment 310 from the adjacent low-transverse compartment 320. A gap is defined between the second bulkhead 420 and the top of the low-transverse compartment 320. The upper end of the second bulkhead 420 is higher than the centerline of the low-transverse compartment 320. In some embodiments, the height of the second bulkhead 420 is ¾ of the height of the low-transverse compartment 220.

[0069] See Figure 2 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the bottom-supported platform further includes a water injection device 500. The water injection device 500 is disposed on the column 210 and penetrates the side wall of the column 210 to connect the ballast tank 300 with the outside world. The water outlet of the water injection device 500 is located in the first settling tank 331. It can pump water into the ballast tank 300 to balance the bottom-supported platform during towing, and can also cause the bottom-supported platform to sink to the seabed. When the water injection device 500 begins to pump water, it first fills a portion of the settling tank 330 away from the center of the workbench, and then fills the settling tank 330. After the settling tank 330 is filled, the low cross-bracing tank 320 is filled along the column tank 310. After the low cross-bracing tank 320 is filled, water is continuously injected to fill the column tank 310.

[0070] In some embodiments, the water injection device 500 is a water belt that passes through the side wall of the upper side of the column 210 to connect the ballast tank 300 with the outside world. The water belt extends downward along the inner wall of the column tank 310 to the first settling tank 331, so that the output port of the water belt is located in the first settling tank 331. One end of the water belt outside the column 210 is connected to a pump for pumping seawater into the ballast tank 300.

[0071] See Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the upper ends of the multiple trolleys 230 on the left and right sides are equipped with towing and fixing structures 231, located outside the upper ends of the trolleys 230. These towing and fixing structures 231 serve as towing points for connecting to the tugboat 10, allowing the tugboat 10 to tow the submerged platform. When the tugboat 10 tows the submerged platform, the towing and fixing structures 231 are positioned vertically near the center of drag during towing, thereby transmitting the force of the tugboat 10 to the submerged platform.

[0072] In some embodiments, towing fixtures 231 are positioned above multiple anchors 230 on both sides of the platform, allowing the tugboat 10 to tow the platform through these anchors. The tugboat can connect to multiple anchors 230 at various angles, such as the front, rear, left, and right sides of the platform, to tow the platform. The connection between the tugboat and the platform does not affect the platform's balance during towing.

[0073] See Figures 1 to 7 The present invention provides a bottom-supported platform, which simplifies the ballast tank 300 and the cabin division structure 400 of the bottom-supported platform. When the bottom-supported platform is towed from a barge, water is injected into each first sedimentation tank 331 through a water injection device 500 to make the bottom-supported platform float upright (upright floating: that is, the bottom-supported platform has a small tilt angle), thereby reducing the resistance of the bottom-supported platform during towing. After the bottom-supported platform moves to the destination, water is injected into the ballast tank 300 in sequence through the water injection device 500, so that the bottom-supported platform sinks slowly, thereby improving the pressure bearing capacity of the bottom-supported platform during the descent process, ensuring the structural strength of the bottom-supported platform, and extending the service life of the bottom-supported platform. In addition, the internal compartments of the bottom-supported platform reduce the size of the platform components, reduce the towing resistance, and improve the towing performance and sinking stability of the platform while meeting the design objectives.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present invention, the work platform is symmetrically arranged, with four columns 210 and four countersunk plates 230 corresponding to the four columns 210. There are four low cross braces 220. The centerlines of the four columns 210 are connected to form a square. Two second bulkheads 420 are symmetrically arranged along the center of the bottom-supported platform.

[0075] In this embodiment, the centerline spacing between adjacent columns 210 is 60m, and the radius of a column 210 is 2.8m. The side length of the sediment 230 is 16m, and the height of the sediment 230 is 4.2m. The height of the second bulkhead 420 is 4.25m. The centerline height of the low cross brace 220 is 6m, and the radius of the low cross brace 220 is 1.2m.

[0076] In this embodiment, when manufacturing a bottom-mounted platform.

[0077] The first step is to conduct a geological survey of the destination to determine the maximum seabed pressure and, therefore, the platform's maximum ground pressure. The water depth in the platform's seating area is measured, along with factors such as tidal fluctuations, wave run-up, and air gaps. Furthermore, the maximum allowable floating draft of the platform is determined by calculating the required submergence depth for the launching barge.

[0078] The second step is to determine the height of the sediment 230 and the height of the centerline of the low cross brace 220, so that when the bottom-seated platform is launched and floated and towed, the sea level is above the centerline of the low cross brace 220 and below the upper edge of the low cross brace 220; this is used to determine the height of the column 210.

[0079] The third step is to preliminarily determine the horizontal circumferential size of the sedimentation 230 and the radius of the low cross brace 220 based on the wet weight center of gravity of the mechanical items on the workbench (the wet weight center includes the loading of fuel, fresh water and spare parts during towing) combined with the calculation results of the second step.

[0080] The fourth step is to estimate the center of gravity of the empty ship weight of the bottom-supported platform and verify the GM value of the bottom-supported platform during the entire sinking process to ensure that the GM value is less than 0.15m. Thus, the radius of the column 210 is preliminarily determined.

[0081] Step 5: During the calculation of the parameters for the sink 230, to reduce the impact of the free surface within the sink 330, a second bulkhead 420 was added, dividing the sink 330 into a first sink 331 and a second sink 332. To maintain connectivity between the first sink 331 and the second sink 332, the height of the second bulkhead 420 should be higher than the sink 230 and should not exceed the bottom edge of the low cross brace 220. This allows the center of gravity of the light weight of the submerged platform (the light weight includes the work platform, columns 210, and struts) to be estimated, and the required column 210 dimensions to be calculated by analyzing the submergence process.

[0082] In the sixth step, the fifth step is repeated until the minimum size of the pillar 210 and the sediment 230 is determined.

[0083] Step 7: Based on the loading of the bottom-supported platform during towing and the calculated light ship weight and center of gravity, calculate the ballast water arrangement, draft, waterplane moment of inertia, displacement, initial stability height (GM0) and other floating information during towing;

[0084] In the eighth step, based on the floating state information calculated in the seventh step, the towing resistance and the center of resistance height of the bottom-supported platform in the upright floating state are calculated. The vertical position of the towing point on the platform is arranged near the center of resistance height so that the center of towing resistance of the bottom-supported platform is located midway between the bottom of the sediment 230 and the sea level. The bottom-supported platform is then designed and manufactured based on the above parameters.

[0085] The present invention also includes a method for installing a submersible platform, which is applicable to the aforementioned submersible platform. After the submersible platform is manufactured, it is placed on a barge, which then carries the submersible platform to a sea area near the destination. After the barge transports the submersible platform to the vicinity of the destination, the bottom of the submersible platform is lowered into the sea. Once submerged, the submersible platform is connected to a tugboat 10, which tows the submersible platform to the destination. Upon arrival at the destination, the submersible platform rests on the seabed, completing the installation of the submersible platform.

[0086] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 , see Figure 1 and Figure 3When the platform is launched from the barge, the amount of water required to level the ballast tanks 300 is calculated in advance to ensure the platform is upright. When the barge submerges, and the sea level exceeds the main deck of the barge, the platform is not floating. The water injection device 500 draws water from the sea and injects the specified amount of ballast water into each ballast tank 300 to balance the platform and ensure it is upright.

[0087] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 During the towing of a bottom-supported platform in good weather, wind and wave loads are relatively small, and the towing resistance is primarily determined by the ocean's current load. During the movement of a bottom-supported platform, the right side of the platform below sea level is the flow-facing surface. The area of ​​the flow-facing surface has a significant direct impact on the current load: the larger the flow-facing surface, the greater the current load. A smaller bottom-supported platform can reduce the lateral loads it experiences during normal operation, primarily wave and current loads, thereby enhancing its anti-slip capability and reducing risks during normal operation.

[0088] If a bottom-supported platform remains upright during towing, the surface facing the flow is primarily the vertical sidewall to the right of the sediment 230, resulting in a relatively small surface area. A significant height difference between the towing point and the center of resistance generates an additional tilting moment, causing the platform to tilt. Because the circumferential dimension of the sediment 230 is greater than its vertical height, a significant tilt of the bottom-supported platform increases the surface area facing the flow, leading to increased towing resistance.

[0089] From the perspective of platform stability, for the same tilting moment, the smaller the GM value during towing, the greater the tilt angle. To reduce the tilt angle and flow load of a platform during towing, the platform should have a larger GM value during towing, and the vertical height of the towing point and the center of the flow load should be as close as possible to reduce the tilting moment caused by towing.

[0090] In addition, the radius of the column 210 determines the size of the initial stability height GM0. The smaller the radius of the column 210, the smaller the initial stability height GM0. In order to ensure that the stability height GM value is always greater than 0.15m during the sinking and floating process of the bottom-seated platform and that there is a larger GM value during the towing process, the size of the free liquid surface in the sedimentation tank 330 during this process should be strictly controlled. During leveling during towing, the "total weight and center of gravity coordinates" excluding the ballast water are first calculated to make the platform float upright. When the bottom-seated platform is towed upright, the bottom-seated platform partially sinks below the sea level, and the sea level is between the center line of the low cross brace 220 and the upper end of the low cross brace 220.

[0091] See Figure 1 and Figure 3In this embodiment, based on the principle of triangular stability, water is injected into up to three ballast tanks 300 within a 360° circumference of the platform to balance the platform. Given a certain number of free liquid surfaces within the ballast tanks 300, reducing the free surface correction GMCORR can only be achieved by reducing the area of ​​the liquid surface within the tanks. Similarly, during the sinking and floating process, to ensure the platform remains upright, the number of free liquid surfaces should be minimized, while also reducing the moment of inertia of the free liquid surfaces, i.e., the area of ​​the free liquid surfaces. Therefore, a compartment partitioning structure 400 is installed within the ballast tanks 300 to provide adequate watertight division. While maintaining connectivity, a vertical first bulkhead 410 divides the sediment 230 into two equal parts within the height range of the sediment 230. Furthermore, a second bulkhead 420 is installed at the lower crossbeam 220 to separate the lower crossbeam tanks and the column tanks.

[0092] Because the platform is a truss structure and the centerlines of the columns 210 are relatively far apart, the overall rigidity is relatively weak. This uneven weight distribution can cause the platform to experience a certain degree of arching deformation. To control the deformation of the support structure within the elastic range (i.e., after deformation, the platform can be restored to its original state by adjusting the weight distribution), the overall uneven weight distribution of the platform must be controlled. Specifically, water must be injected into each ballast tank 300 in a sequential and alternating manner. Furthermore, during the water injection process, the initial stability height (GM0) can be increased by lowering the center of gravity of the platform, thereby increasing the GM value. Therefore, each ballast tank 300 must be filled with water in a sequential and alternating manner so that the water injected by the water injection device 500 is located at the bottom of the platform.

[0093] In this embodiment, when the bottom-supported platform moves to the destination under the action of the tugboat 10, the bottom-supported platform begins to sink and float, so that the bottom-supported platform sinks to the bottom of the seabed, and the sedimentation 230 is supported on the seabed, and the workbench is used to provide a working environment.

[0094] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Cross-sectional view at the middle BB. Figure 9 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a bottom-supported platform according to the present invention when the free liquid level in the first water injection group reaches the upper end of the low cross support tank. Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Cross-sectional view at CC. Figure 11 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the bottom-supported platform embodiment of the present invention when the free liquid level in the second water injection group reaches the upper end of the low cross support tank. Figure 12 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a bottom-supported platform of the present invention when the free liquid surface in the first water injection group is located on the upper side of the low cross brace. Figure 13 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a bottom-supported platform of the present invention when the free liquid surface in the first water injection group is located on the upper side of the low cross brace.

[0095] See Figures 4 to 13 After the bottom-supported platform is towed to the destination, water is poured into the ballast tank 300 so that the liquid level in the ballast tank 300 passes through the first bulkhead 410, the second bulkhead 420, the upper end of the low cross-brace tank 320, and the column tank 310 on the upper side of the low cross-brace tank 320 in sequence, thereby gradually increasing the amount of water in the ballast tank 300 and causing the sediment 230 to slowly sink to the seabed.

[0096] In this embodiment, the multiple ballast tanks 300 are divided into multiple water injection groups. After the first injection of water by the multiple water injection groups, the sedimentation tank 330 is filled with liquid, and the liquid level is flush with the first bulkhead 410. After the second injection of water by the multiple water injection groups, the liquid level in the ballast tank 300 is lower than the height of the second bulkhead 420. After the third injection of water by the multiple water injection groups, the liquid level in the ballast tank 300 reaches the upper end of the low crossbar 320. After the fourth injection of water by the multiple water injection groups, the liquid level in the ballast tank 300 is located above the low crossbar 320. The fourth injection process is repeated, and water injection is stopped when the sediment 230 is pressed against the seabed.

[0097] In some embodiments, there are four columns 210, and the ballast tanks 300 in the four columns 210 are divided into a first water injection group and a second water injection group. The two ballast tanks 300 in each water injection group are symmetrically arranged along the center of the bottom-supported platform. The specific sinking and floating process is as follows:

[0098] First, see Figure 4 After the bottom-supported platform is towed to the destination sea area, water is evenly and synchronously injected into the two ballast tanks 300 in the first water injection group through the water injection device 500, so that the two ballast tanks 300 in the first water injection group are filled with water in the area outside the first partition wall 410.

[0099] Step 2: See Figure 5 , the two ballast tanks 300 in the first water injection group continue to be injected with water. The ballast water in the ballast tanks 300 outside the first bulkhead 410 will flood and exceed the upper end of the first bulkhead 410, overflowing and flowing into the areas inside the first bulkhead 410 of the two ballast tanks 300 in the first water injection group. This continues until the areas inside the first bulkhead 410 of the two ballast tanks 300 in the first water injection group are also filled with water.

[0100] Step 3: See Figure 6 , and referring to the first and second steps, the two ballast tanks 300 in the second water injection group are filled with water synchronously and evenly, and the water injection is suspended after completion. At this point, the sedimentation tanks 330 in the first water injection group and the second water injection group are all filled with water.

[0101] Step 4: See Figure 7 and Figure 8The water injection device 500 is again used to uniformly and synchronously inject water into the two ballast tanks 300 in the first water injection group until the liquid level reaches the second bulkhead 420 connecting the low cross-stay tank 320 and the column tank 310. At this point, only one low cross-stay tank 320 connected to the column tank 310 contains water, while the other low cross-stay tank 320 with the second bulkhead 420 is free of water.

[0102] In the fifth step, referring to the fourth step, water is injected into the two ballast tanks 300 in the second water injection group so that the liquid level reaches the second partition wall 420 connecting the low cross support tank 320 and the column tank 310.

[0103] Step 6: See Figure 9 and Figure 10 , continue to fill water into the two ballast tanks 300 in the first water filling group, and the water overflows into the low cross brace 220 without water through the second partition wall 420 until the liquid level of the two ballast tanks 300 reaches the upper edge of the low cross brace 220, and then suspend water filling.

[0104] Step 7, see Figure 11 , and referring to step 6, water is injected into the two ballast tanks 300 in the second water injection group so that the liquid level reaches the upper edge of the low cross brace 220.

[0105] Step 8, see Figure 12 and Figure 13 The water injection device 500 cyclically injects appropriate amounts of water into the first and second water injection groups. This cycle is repeated multiple times to ensure that the deformation of the bottom-supported platform remains within the elastic range during the sinking process. After this cycle, water injection is temporarily stopped. After multiple cycles of water injection, the bottom-supported platform settles to the bottom, sinking 230 degrees and holding it on the seabed.

[0106] Although the present application has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the terms used are illustrative and exemplary rather than restrictive. Since the present application can be embodied in various forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Therefore, all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the claims or their equivalents are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A bottom-supported platform, which is installed at sea and is characterized by: include: Workbench; a supporting structure comprising a plurality of columns, a plurality of low cross braces, and a plurality of sediments; A plurality of columns are arranged at intervals along the periphery of the workbench, and the columns extend in the up-down direction; a plurality of low cross braces are respectively arranged between two adjacent columns; the sedimentation is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the column; a ballast tank for injecting ballast water to balance the workbench; the ballast tank includes a column tank arranged in the column, a sedimentation tank arranged in the sedimentation tank, and a low cross brace tank arranged in the low cross brace; the column tank is connected to the adjacent sedimentation tank and the adjacent low cross brace tank; a compartment dividing structure disposed in the ballast tank; the compartment dividing structure comprising a first dividing bulkhead and a second dividing bulkhead, the first dividing bulkhead being disposed at the bottom end of the settling tank, the first dividing bulkhead extending in the front-to-rear direction to abut against the inner peripheral wall of the settling tank, thereby dividing the settling tank in the left-to-right direction; the second dividing bulkhead being disposed between the column tank and an adjacent low cross-bracing tank, thereby separating the column tank and the adjacent low cross-bracing tank, with a gap being defined between the second dividing bulkhead and the top of the low cross-bracing tank; Among them, the sedimentation tank is located at the lower side of the column tank, and the low transverse support tank is located on the peripheral side of the lower part of the column tank; after the bottom-supported platform is towed to the destination, water is injected into the ballast tank so that the liquid level in the ballast tank passes through the first partition wall, the second partition wall, the upper end of the low transverse support tank and the column tank on the upper side of the low transverse support tank in sequence, so that the sediment slowly sinks to the seabed.

2. The bottom-supported platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low cross brace cabins are provided at both ends of the low cross brace, and the low cross brace cabins extend along the extension direction of the low cross brace itself. The two low cross brace cabins on the same low cross brace are arranged at intervals; the same column cabin connects the low cross brace cabins at adjacent ends of the two low cross braces.

3. The bottom-supported platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column is located in the middle of the upper end of the sedimentation chamber, the first partition wall coincides with the center line of the column, the first partition wall extends in the up and down direction and extends into the column chamber, and the upper end of the first partition wall is lower than the lower end of the low cross brace.

4. The bottom-supported platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low cross brace is located at the lower part of the column, and the upper end of the second partition wall is higher than the center line of the low cross brace compartment.

5. The bottom-supported platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The height of the second dividing bulkhead is ¾ of the height of the low cross brace.

6. The bottom-supported platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water injection device is provided on the column, and the water injection device supplies water to the space of the sedimentation tank outside the first partition wall.

7. The bottom-supported platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sides of the upper ends of the sediments on the left and right sides are provided with a dragging and fixing structure.

8. The bottom-supported platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the columns are enclosed to form a regular polygonal structure.

9. A method for installing a bottom-supported platform, characterized in that: The installation method is applied to the bottom-supported platform according to any one of claims 1 to 8; When the bottom-supported platform is in the water for towing, water is supplied to the plurality of sedimentation tanks respectively to balance the ocean resistance so that the sea level is located between the center line of the low cross brace and the upper end of the low cross brace; After the bottom-supported platform is towed to the destination, water is poured into the ballast tank so that the liquid level in the ballast tank passes through the first partition wall, the second partition wall, the upper end of the low transverse support tank and the column tank on the upper side of the low transverse support tank in sequence, thereby causing the sediment to slowly sink to the seabed.

10. The installation method according to claim 9, wherein: When the bottom-supported platform is towing, the towing resistance center of the bottom-supported platform is located in the middle between the bottom end of the sediment and the sea level.

11. The installation method according to claim 9, wherein: When the bottom-supported platform is towed into the water, water is supplied to at most three of the ballast tanks to balance the bottom-supported platform.

12. The installation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The plurality of ballast tanks are divided into a plurality of water injection groups, each of which includes two ballast tanks symmetrically arranged along the center of the bottom-supported platform; after the bottom-supported platform moves to the destination, the plurality of water injection groups are sequentially injected with water along the circumferential direction to fill the ballast tanks, so that the sediment touches the bottom and is compacted; After the first water injection by the multiple water injection groups, the sedimentation tank is filled with liquid, and the liquid level is flush with the first partition wall; After the second water injection by the multiple water injection groups, the liquid level in the ballast tank is lower than the height of the second dividing bulkhead; After the water injection groups inject water for the third time, the liquid level of the ballast tank reaches the upper end of the low cross support tank; After the plurality of water injection groups inject water for the fourth time, the liquid level of the ballast tank is located on the upper side of the low cross-stay tank; The fourth water injection process is cycled and the water injection is stopped when the sedimentation support chamber is pressed against the seabed.

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