Construction method for rammed earth building formwork and ramming

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of construction methods for rammed earth construction formwork and ramming, step 1: placing mould in construction position, the formwork body in each mould is sequentially butted to form closed mould system, the formwork body is installed with retractable rotating pin, and the rotating pin is inserted into the inside of mould system;Step 2: dump soil material;Step 3: use three degrees of freedom vibrating mechanism to ram soil material;Step 4: after the wall ramming of formwork body elevation is completed, three degrees of freedom vibrating mechanism is supported on the upper surface of the wall ramming completed, the rotating pin is taken out from the wall, and the formwork body is separated from the wall;Step 5: use the vertical movement of three degrees of freedom vibrating mechanism to climb up to the next layer elevation;Step 6: repeat step 2 to 5 until the whole wall is built;Step 7: remove mould, erect roof, and fill the process hole on the wall.The above-mentioned method has high construction efficiency, good quality, convenient operation and low labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rammed earth wall construction technology, and in particular to a construction method for formwork support and ramming of rammed earth buildings. Background Technology

[0002] Rammed earth architecture is a form of residential architecture with a history of thousands of years in my country. This type of construction uses raw, unprocessed earth as the main material; it requires no firing, only compaction, before it can be used for building. The rammed earth construction technique mainly involves a cycle of four steps: formwork erection, material loading, layer-by-layer compaction, and formwork removal. Existing formwork and ramming tools primarily include molds (formed using templates and end plates, fixed by clamps and hoops) and wooden ramming hammers.

[0003] During the operation, the templates need to be installed manually, and then the soil is poured into the molds in batches. The soil is then repeatedly tamped with a tamping hammer until it is compacted. Once each section of the wall meets the requirements for density and height, the clamps are removed, the templates are taken down, and the wall is moved to a new tamping section where the templates are re-erected for a new round of tamping.

[0004] Traditional rammed earth construction methods, including formwork support and ramming, are inefficient, labor-intensive, and highly dependent on worker skill. Therefore, providing a construction method for rammed earth construction that is highly efficient and easy for workers to operate is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a construction method for formwork support and ramming of rammed earth buildings to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a construction method for formwork support and ramming of rammed earth buildings, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Place a mold on the foundation at the construction site. The mold includes a template body. The template bodies of each mold are connected in sequence to form a closed mold system. A retractable rotating pin is installed on the template body. The rotating pin is inserted into the mold system.

[0008] Step 2: Pour soil into the mold system;

[0009] Step 3: Use a three-degree-of-freedom vibratory compactor to compact the soil;

[0010] Step 4: After the wall at the template body elevation is completed, the three-degree-of-freedom vibration mechanism is supported on the upper surface of the completed wall, the rotating pin is disengaged from the wall, and the template body is separated from the wall.

[0011] Step 5: Use the vertical movement of the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism to lift the mold to the next floor level, and insert the rotating pin into the mold system and support it on the upper surface of the wall;

[0012] Step 6: Repeat steps 2 to 5 until the entire wall is completed;

[0013] Step 7: Remove the mold, erect the roof, and fill the process holes in the wall.

[0014] Preferably, for locations in the wall with doors and windows, the door and window frames are placed inside the mold and fixed to the foundation or wall.

[0015] Preferably, two sets of the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanisms are installed in each wall to ram the soil.

[0016] Preferably, the two sets of the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanisms are arranged at both ends of the wall along its length, and they move synchronously away from or towards each other to compact the wall; or one set of the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanisms is arranged in the middle and the other set is arranged at one end, and the two move alternately in the same direction to compact the wall.

[0017] Preferably, the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism moves along an "S"-shaped path on a horizontal plane.

[0018] Preferably, the template body is connected as a whole by a frame, the frame including a top plate and side plates installed on the front and rear sides below the top plate, and the template body is fixedly installed on the inner side of the two side plates respectively.

[0019] Preferably, the insertion and removal of the rotating pin is controlled by an insertion and removal assembly, which includes a hydraulic cylinder and a connecting rod. The connecting rod is arranged parallel to the side plate, and both ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the side plate via rocker arms. One end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the side plate, and the other end is hinged to the connecting rod. The connecting rod is provided with a sliding groove arranged along its length, and one end of the rotating pin is confined within the sliding groove.

[0020] Preferably, the rotating pin includes an inner pin and an outer pin connected by a bearing housing, one end of the inner pin is inserted into the outer pin, and the other end is confined in the groove; the outer pin is provided with a spiral groove, and the pin hole on the side plate for the rotating pin to be inserted is provided with a groove arranged circumferentially, and a ball is provided in the groove, the ball being embedded in the spiral groove.

[0021] Preferably, the three-degree-of-freedom vibration mechanism is connected to the top plate via a vibration isolator.

[0022] Preferably, a pressure sensor assembly is also installed on the template body. The pressure sensor assembly includes a sensor body, a mounting post, a spring, and a nut. The sensor body is installed in a mounting hole on the side plate. One end of the mounting post is fixed to the template body, and the other end passes through the sensor body and is screwed to the nut. The spring is sleeved on the mounting post and is positioned between the sensor body and the nut.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, the construction method for formwork support and ramming of rammed earth buildings provided by this invention has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. The construction method provided by this invention can realize the automatic tamping of the wall without the need for manual tamping; by using the alternating load-bearing of the rotating pin and the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism, the mold can be automatically raised as the wall is built, which improves construction efficiency and quality, reduces the labor intensity of personnel, and at the same time reduces the difficulty of the process and the dependence on skilled workers.

[0025] 2. This invention uses a three-degree-of-freedom vibration mechanism to vibrate the soil material. The vibration route can be automatically planned by the control system to complete the full ramming of the wall.

[0026] 3. This invention uses a pressure sensor assembly to provide real-time feedback on the lateral pressure of the wall on the template body. It can also compare the data with theoretical data to control the frequency and force of vibration, thereby achieving real-time correction and quality monitoring throughout the entire ramming process. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a construction method for formwork support and ramming in rammed earth construction according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mold after installation according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a top view of the mold after installation according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the filling of soil material in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5a and 5b These are schematic diagrams showing the arrangement and corresponding movement of the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the movement path of the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism on a horizontal plane in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7a and7b These are comparison images of the mold before and after climbing in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the completed wall construction in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the plug-in assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pressure sensor assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 001-Soil material, 002-Wall, 003-Process hole, 100-Formwork body, 101-Door and window frame, 111-Top plate, 112-Side plate, 200-Three-degree-of-freedom vibration mechanism, 310-Rotating pin, 311-Spiral groove, 320-Plug-in assembly, 321-Hydraulic cylinder, 322-Connecting rod, 323-Rock arm, 324-Slide groove, 400-Vibration isolator, 500-Pressure sensor assembly, 510-Sensor body, 520-Mounting column, 530-Spring, 540-Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To illustrate the technical solutions of the invention in more detail, specific embodiments are listed below to demonstrate the technical effects; it should be emphasized that these embodiments are used to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0039] The present invention provides a construction method for formwork support and ramming in rammed earth construction, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 A mold for constraining soil material 001 is placed on the foundation at the construction site. The mold includes a template body 100. The template bodies 100 in each mold are connected in sequence to form a closed mold system. A retractable rotating pin 310 is installed on the template body 100. The rotating pin 310 is extended into the mold system.

[0041] Step 2: Please refer to Figure 4 Soil 001 is poured into the mold system. During this process, the rotating pin 310 will be gradually buried by the soil 001.

[0042] Step 3: Please continue to refer to Figure 4 The soil material 001 is compacted using a three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism 200. The three degrees of freedom refer to the length and width of the wall 002 on the horizontal plane, and the height of the wall 002 on the vertical plane.

[0043] Step 4: Please refer to Figure 7a After the wall 002 (which becomes the wall 002 after the ramming of the soil material 001) at the elevation of the template body 100 is rammed, the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism 200 is supported on the upper surface of the rammed wall 002, and the rotary pin 310 is disengaged from the wall 002 for transfer, and at the same time, the template body 100 is disengaged from the wall 002;

[0044] Step 5: Please refer to Figure 7b Using the vertical movement of the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism 200, the mold is climbed up to the next elevation, and the rotary pin 310 is inserted into the mold system and supported on the upper surface of the wall 002;

[0045] Step 6: Please refer to Figure 8 Repeat steps 2 to step 5 until the entire wall 002 is constructed;

[0046] Step 7: Demolish the mold, erect the roof, and fill the process holes 003 on the wall.

[0047] By adopting the above steps, automatic ramming of the wall 002 can be achieved without manual ramming; by alternately bearing the load with the rotary pin 310 and the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism 200, the mold can automatically climb as the wall 002 is built, improving the construction efficiency and quality, reducing the labor intensity of personnel, and at the same time reducing the process difficulty and dependence on skilled workers.

[0048] In some embodiments, please refer especially to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 . For the positions with doors and windows in the wall 002, place the door and window frames 101 in the mold and fix them to the foundation (not shown) or the wall 002. Taking the construction of a house surrounded by four walls as an example, where three walls are smooth walls and a door is installed on the other wall. During construction, according to the construction drawings, four sets of equipment A, B, C, and D corresponding to the four walls are placed on the foundation at the construction position, and the mold bodies 100 in the four sets of equipment are docked in sequence to form a closed "square frame" mold system. The door and window frames 101 are placed in the gaps formed by the mold body 100 of equipment A and fixed to the foundation, as shown in Figure 2 . At this time, the rotary pins 310 of the four sets of equipment are all in the extended state, as shown in Figure 3 .

[0049] In some embodiments, please refer especially to Figure 2 and Figure 4Two sets of three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanisms 200 are installed in each wall 002 to compact the soil material 001, thereby improving compaction efficiency. In some embodiments, the two sets of three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanisms 200 can be arranged at both ends of the wall 002 along its length, and compaction can be carried out in a synchronous moving away or approaching manner; or one set of three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanisms 200 can be arranged in the middle and the other set at one end, and the two sets can be arranged in an alternating chasing manner in the same direction. In some embodiments, the vibration route of the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanisms 200 can be automatically planned by the control system to complete the full compaction of the wall 002. Taking the house enclosed by the above four walls as an example, since equipment A is responsible for compacting the wall with the door, the two sets of three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanisms 200 can be arranged at both ends, that is, at the farthest ends of the sliding rails on both sides of the door and window frame 101. The two sets of three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanisms 200 of the other three sets of equipment can be distributed in such a way that one is at the far end and one is in the middle. Figure 5a and 5b As shown. In some embodiments, please refer to... Figure 5a and 5b During the tamping process, the two sets of three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanisms 200 of equipment A move from both ends toward the middle and turn back at the door and window frame 101; the two sets of three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanisms 200 of equipment B, C, and D move in a "follow-up" manner in one direction to ensure the tamping quality while improving construction efficiency.

[0050] In some embodiments, please refer to the following: Figure 6 The three-degree-of-freedom vibratory compaction mechanism 200 moves along an "S"-shaped path on the horizontal plane. Specifically, while the vibrator moves along the length of the wall 002, it is also controlled to move along the width of the wall 002. The combination of these two directions makes the compaction path of the vibrator "S". This path design ensures that the compaction is thorough and that the wall 002 can more easily achieve the desired density. Of course, as the material is fed and the compaction operation proceeds, the vibrator also needs to be vertically lifted to adapt to the gradually thickening soil layer.

[0051] In some embodiments, please refer to the following: Figure 4 The template body 100 is connected as a whole by a frame. The frame includes a top plate 111 and side plates 112 installed on the front and rear sides below the top plate 111. The template body 100 is fixedly installed on the inner sides of the two side plates 112 respectively. In some embodiments, the top plate 111 is welded and fixed to the side plates 112 on both sides to form a U-shaped steel structure body, which serves as the supporting structure for the entire equipment.

[0052] In some embodiments, please refer to the following: Figure 9The insertion and removal of the rotating pin 310 are controlled by the insertion and removal assembly 320, which includes a hydraulic cylinder 321 and a connecting rod 322. The connecting rod 322 is arranged parallel to the side plate 112, and both ends of the connecting rod 322 are hinged to the side plate 112 via rocker arms 323. One end of the hydraulic cylinder 321 is hinged to the side plate 112, and the other end is hinged to the connecting rod 322. The connecting rod 322 is provided with a sliding groove 324 arranged along its length, and one end of the rotating pin 310 is confined within the sliding groove 324. The side plate 112, hydraulic cylinder 321, connecting rod 322, and rocker arm 323 are connected to form a parallel four-bar linkage, thereby converting the pushing force of the hydraulic cylinder 321 into a pulling force on the rotating pin 310, thus realizing the insertion and removal of the rotating pin 310.

[0053] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 9 The rotating pin 310 includes an inner pin (not shown) and an outer pin connected by a bearing seat (not shown). One end of the inner pin is inserted into the outer pin, and the other end is confined within the groove 324. The outer pin has a helical groove 311. The pin hole on the side plate 112 into which the rotating pin 310 is inserted has a circumferentially arranged groove, and a ball bearing is provided in the groove, which is embedded in the helical groove 311. The inner pin and the outer pin are connected by the bearing seat, allowing them to rotate relative to each other. In some embodiments, the outer pin can be stepped, with the helical groove 311 formed on the outer surface of the larger end, and the smaller end passing through the template body 100. During assembly, the end of the inner pin is confined within the groove 324, forming a sliding pair; the smaller end of the outer pin passes through the template body 100, and the larger end passes through the pin hole of the frame, ensuring that the ball bearing is embedded in the helical groove 311, forming a helical pair.

[0054] The working principle of the insertion / removal assembly 320 controlling the extension and retraction of the rotating pin 310 is as follows: When the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 321 retracts or extends in a straight line, the rocker arm 323 swings, driving the connecting rod 322 to perform planar motion (moving along the length direction and moving away from or towards the side plate 112). At the same time, the sliding groove 324 forces the rotating pin 310 to move axially (away from or towards the side plate 112), achieving the effect of extending or retracting the rotating pin 310. In addition, since the ball bearings and the spiral groove 311 form a spiral pair, the outer pin rotates relative to the inner pin while the rotating pin 310 moves axially. This effect of pulling and rotating simultaneously effectively helps the rotating shaft 310 to be pulled out of the compacted wall 002, avoiding the wall soil layer from falling off due to brute force.

[0055] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4The three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism 200 is connected to the top plate 111 through a vibration isolator 400. The vibration isolator 400 can be used to isolate the vibration generated when the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism 200 tamps the soil material 001, ensuring the stability of the structure below the vibration isolator 400 during operation.

[0056] In some embodiments, please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 10 The template body 100 is also equipped with a pressure sensor assembly 500 for real-time feedback of the lateral pressure value of the wall 002 on the template body 100. The pressure sensor assembly 500 includes a sensor body 510, a mounting post 520, a spring 530, and a nut 540. The sensor body 510 is installed in the mounting hole on the side plate 112. One end of the mounting post 520 is fixed to the template body 100, and the other end passes through the sensor body 510 and is screwed to the nut 540. The spring 530 is sleeved on the mounting post 520 and is limited between the sensor body 510 and the nut 540. Since one end of the spring 530 is in contact with the working surface of the sensor body 510, the pressure value of the spring 530 acting on the sensor body 510 is a quantity that changes synchronously with the soil pressure. This variable is sensed by the sensor body 510 in real time and can be used as the basis for calculating the soil compaction. This variable can also be compared with theoretical data to control the frequency and force of vibration, thereby realizing real-time correction and quality monitoring throughout the entire compaction process.

[0057] It should be noted that, in addition to transmitting pressure to the sensor body 510, the spring 530 also serves as an auxiliary demolding mechanism before climbing. Its working principle is as follows: During the tamping operation, the rotating pin 310 extends, and the outer pin causes the template body 100 to move inward a small distance, for example, 1mm. At this time, the spring 530 is simultaneously compressed by 1mm. When the tamping operation is completed and preparation is made to climb and tampe the next layer, the rotating pin 310 retracts, and the template body 100, under the restoring force of the spring 530, moves outward by 1mm. This design ensures that before climbing, the template body 100 automatically detaches from the tamped wall 002, preventing it from obstructing the climb or scratching the wall surface during subsequent climbing operations. The 1mm separation ensures that the wall 002 can still provide constraint and guidance for the lifting of the template body 100 during the climbing process.

[0058] In summary, the construction method for formwork and ramming of rammed earth buildings provided by the present invention includes the following steps: Step 1: Place a mold for constraining soil material 001 on the foundation at the construction location. The mold includes a template body 100, and the template bodies 100 of each mold are sequentially connected to form a closed mold system. A retractable rotating pin 310 is installed on the template body 100, and the rotating pin 310 is extended into the mold system; Step 2: Pour soil material 001 into the mold system. During this process, the rotating pin 310 will be gradually buried by the soil material 001; Step 3: Use a three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism 200 to ram the soil material 001; Step 4: The template body... After the wall 002 at elevation 100 is rammed, the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism 200 is supported on the upper surface of the rammed wall 002, and the rotating pin 310 is disengaged from the wall 002, thus separating the template body 100 from the wall 002; Step 5: The vertical movement of the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism 200 is used to lift the mold to the next elevation, and the rotating pin 310 is inserted into the mold system and supported on the upper surface of the wall 002; Step 6: Steps 2 to 5 are repeated until the entire wall 002 is completed; Step 7: The mold is removed, the roof is erected, and the process holes 003 on the wall are filled. By adopting the above steps, the automatic tamping of wall 002 can be achieved without manual tamping; by using the alternating load-bearing of rotating pin 310 and three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism 200, the mold can be automatically raised as wall 002 is built, which improves construction efficiency and quality, reduces the labor intensity of personnel, and at the same time reduces the difficulty of the process and the dependence on skilled workers.

[0059] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of the invention and their equivalents, the invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A construction method for formwork and ramming of rammed earth construction, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: placing molds on the foundation at the construction site, the molds comprising mold bodies, the mold bodies in each mold being sequentially butted to form a closed mold system, a retractable rotating pin being installed on the mold body and extended into the mold system; Step 2: pouring earth material into the mold system; Step 3: tamping the earth material using a three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism; Step 4: after the wall body at the elevation of the mold body is tamped, the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism is supported on the upper surface of the tamped wall body, the rotating pin is withdrawn from the wall body, and the mold body is separated from the wall body; Step 5: the mold is raised to the next elevation using the vertical movement of the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism, the rotating pin is extended into the mold system and supported on the upper surface of the tamped wall body; Step 6: repeating steps 2 to 5 until the entire wall body is built; Step 7: removing the mold, erecting a roof, and filling the process holes in the wall body. In the above steps, the mold bodies are connected into a whole through a rack, the rack comprising a top plate and side plates installed on the front and back of the top plate, and the mold bodies are fixedly installed on the inner sides of the two side plates; the insertion and withdrawal of the rotating pin are controlled by a plug-in assembly, the plug-in assembly comprising an oil cylinder and a connecting rod, the connecting rod being arranged in parallel with the side plates, and the two ends of the connecting rod being hingedly connected to the side plates through rocker arms; one end of the oil cylinder is hingedly connected to the side plate, and the other end is hingedly connected to the connecting rod; a sliding groove is arranged on the connecting rod in the length direction, and one end of the rotating pin is limited in the sliding groove; the rotating pin comprises an inner pin and an outer pin which are connected through a bearing seat, one end of the inner pin is inserted into the outer pin, and the other end is limited in the sliding groove; a helical groove is arranged on the outer pin, a groove is arranged on the pin shaft hole of the side plate for the insertion of the rotating pin in the circumferential direction, a ball is arranged in the groove, and the ball is embedded in the helical groove.

2. The construction method for formwork of rammed earth construction and ramming as claimed in claim 1, wherein, For the positions of the wall body with doors and windows, door and window frames are placed in the mold and fixed to the foundation or the wall body.

3. The construction method for shuttering and ramming of rammed earth construction as claimed in claim 1 wherein, Two groups of the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanisms are arranged in each wall body to tamp the earth material.

4. The construction method for formwork of rammed earth construction and ramming as claimed in claim 3, wherein, The two groups of the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanisms are arranged at the two ends of the wall body in the length direction and move away from or close to each other synchronously; or one group of the three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanisms is arranged at the middle part, and the other group is arranged at one end, and the two groups move in the same direction alternately.

5. The construction method for formwork of rammed earth construction and ramming as claimed in claim 4 wherein, The three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism moves along an "S" type route in the horizontal plane.

6. The construction method for shuttering and ramming of rammed earth construction as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The three-degree-of-freedom vibrating mechanism is connected to the top plate through a vibration isolator.

7. The construction method for formwork of rammed earth construction and ramming as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The template body is further provided with a pressure sensor assembly, which comprises a sensor body, a mounting column, a spring and a nut, the sensor body is mounted in a mounting hole on the side plate; one end of the mounting column is fixed on the template body, the other end is screwed with the nut through the sensor body; the spring is sleeved on the mounting column and is located between the sensor body and the nut.

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