An open-type TBM transfer and stepping method for highway parallel pilot tunnels

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for the transfer and stepping of an open TBM in a highway parallel pilot tunnel. The method comprises the following steps: 1) excavating a stepping tunnel at the intersection in the tunnel; 2) pre-burying rail components and embedded parts and constructing a guide platform; 3) controlling the tunneling guidance of the TBM for high-precision penetration; 4) removing the interference structural parts between the TBM and the stepping equipment and the guide platform; 5) enabling the TBM to climb onto the guide platform and pushing the cutter head and shield forward to the intersection; 6) overhauling the TBM; 7) pushing the thrust shoes forward to the intersection; 8) using the reaction corbel and the stepping oil cylinder to step through the intersection; 9) removing the stepping mechanism, pushing forward to the working face, installing the TBM structural parts, and resuming the tunneling of the TBM; 10) repeating steps 1) to 8) to step through other intersections; 11) transferring the supporting facilities of the TBM. The present invention realizes the rapid stepping through of two consecutive intersections, solves the problem of the continuous disassembly and assembly of the large bottom plate twice within a short time in the sliding plate type stepping device, improves the construction efficiency, and shortens the transfer construction period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for the transfer and step-by-step advancement of a TBM, in particular to a method for the transfer and step-by-step advancement of an open-type TBM in a highway parallel pilot tunnel. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the large-scale infrastructure construction in China, the long tunnel projects such as highways and railways are increasing day by day. Based on the conditions of large project scale, complex geological conditions, high requirements for project safety, quality and environmental protection, a parallel pilot tunnel is set between two main tunnels, and the TBM method is used for construction. The advantages of fast TBM tunneling speed are utilized to achieve the purposes of ventilating, draining water and providing advanced geological forecasting for the main tunnel. When the parallel pilot tunnel passes through the intersection of the main tunnel and the inclined shaft, there are problems of the transfer of the TBM and its supporting equipment during the construction of the parallel pilot tunnel, and there are also problems of mutual interference in the cross-operation of the underground dense tunnel groups. In the commonly used skateboard type step-by-step method for the open-type TBM, it is not easy to take out the large skateboard from under the main beam at the intersection of the second step-by-step tunnel, and the uncertain factors increase, resulting in the extension of the construction period and seriously affecting the safe and efficient construction of the TBM. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for the transfer and step-by-step advancement of an open-type TBM in a highway parallel pilot tunnel that can quickly step through two intersections continuously and shorten the transfer time.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by such a technical solution. A method for the transfer and step-by-step advancement of an open-type TBM in a highway parallel pilot tunnel is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: 1) excavating a step-by-step tunnel at the intersection in the tunnel; 2) pre-burying rail components and embedded parts and constructing a guide platform; 3) controlling the tunneling guidance of the TBM and achieving high-precision penetration; 4) removing the interference structural parts between the TBM and the step-by-step equipment and the guide platform; 5) making the TBM climb onto the guide platform and pushing the cutter head and the shield forward to reach the intersection; 6) overhauling the TBM; 7) pushing the thrust shoes forward to reach the intersection; 8) using the reaction corbel and the step-by-step oil cylinder to step through the intersection; 9) removing the step-by-step mechanism, pushing forward to the tunnel face empty, installing the TBM structural parts and resuming the TBM tunneling; 10) repeating steps 1) to 8) to step through other intersections; 11) transferring the TBM supporting facilities.

[0005] Among them, in the step 1), the step-by-step tunnel is excavated by the drill and blast method. The contour of the step-by-step section is 100 mm larger than the contour line of the TBM cutter head. The section is horseshoe-shaped, and the arch waist is circular arc, which is consistent with the contour line of the TBM cutter head.

[0006] Wherein, in the step 2), firstly, the embedded rail fixed support is installed with a spacing of 1500mm, and the connecting ribs are used for longitudinal connection; then, two rails are embedded at the left and right sides as the bottom shield sliding track during stepping, and the center line angle of the two outermost rails is 42°. The rails are installed on the rail fixed support and fixed with a pressure plate, and the rail joints are smooth; secondly, the reaction bull leg position is installed on the rail to weld the rail tie bars with a spacing of 500mm, and two groups of tie bars are installed between two adjacent rail fixed supports, each group of tie bars has four; finally, concrete is poured with a thickness of not less than 400mm, the upper surface of the rail is exposed by 50mm, and is 70mm lower than the designed section; wherein, the rail fixed support includes a horizontally arranged bottom beam, and legs are respectively arranged at both ends of the bottom beam, and the upper end faces of the legs have an inclined surface, and panels are arranged on the inclined surface, two rails are arranged on the panel, and a limited angle steel is arranged on the upper end face of the panel and on the inner side of the rail.

[0007] Furthermore, in step 3), when there is 50m left to breakthrough, the TBM direction is manually re-measured, and the TBM posture is adjusted according to the result to ensure that the horizontal direction error of the TBM breakthrough posture is within ±30mm, and the vertical direction error is within ±70mm; after breakthrough, the slag is cleaned, butter is applied to the surface of the rail, the TBM is pushed onto the rail, pushed forward, and the section is scanned with the TBM edge cutter; the step hole section is checked.

[0008] Wherein, in the step 4), the bottom of the assembling ring of the arch mount installer is first removed, and then the side cutter is removed.

[0009] Among them, in the step 5), the TBM is adjusted according to the guiding posture after penetration, and is pushed forward in an empty manner to make the TBM climb onto the embedded rails of the guide platform; the cutterhead and shield are continued to be pushed forward in an empty manner to reach the intersection using the support shoes.

[0010] Wherein, in said step 6), the spacious space at the intersection is utilized to overhaul the cutterhead, the cutter and the main bearing.

[0011] Among them, in the step 7), the TBM continues to push forward with the support shoe until the support shoe is 1m away from the intersection; during the stepping, the first steel sleeper is laid in the excavation tunnel section, and the second steel sleeper is laid in the stepping tunnel section, and the spacing between the steel sleepers is 700mm.

[0012] Further, in step 8), install the reaction bracket and the stepping oil cylinder; the reaction bracket is composed of two trapezoidal steel plates with a thickness of 30 mm and 20 mm rib plates. The reaction bracket is vertically welded to the rail, and a connecting steel plate is welded at the front end to provide forward thrust for the stepping oil cylinder and the main machine; the stepping oil cylinder is connected to the bottom shield and the reaction bracket; extend the rear support to keep the main beam and the saddle frame horizontal, install the saddle frame support, wheel set, wheel set support, walking track, and track support. The track support is composed of section steel and steel plates, with a length of 1000 mm, and is arranged at intervals between the embedded rail fixed supports; a 30 mm steel plate is welded to the contact surface between the saddle frame support and the saddle frame, and section steel diagonal braces are used for reinforcement, with two sets of section steel reinforcement supports arranged horizontally and vertically; retract the rear support, extend the stepping oil cylinder, retract the stepping oil cylinder, add a section of reaction bracket support, extend the stepping oil cylinder, retract the stepping oil cylinder, withdraw the reaction bracket support, and move the reaction bracket forward, repeating the cycle to step forward through the intersection section; after the wheel set passes over a walking track, remove the walking track and the track support and transport them forward for repeated laying.

[0013] Among them, in step 9), extend the rear support, remove the stepping oil cylinder, reaction bracket, reaction bracket support, saddle frame support, wheel set, wheel set support, and pipeline; use the support shoes to push forward to the heading face; restore the segment erector ring of the arch ring erector and install the side cutters, and resume tunneling.

[0014] Among them, in step 11), transfer some TBM auxiliary facilities, raise the continuous belt at the intersection, pour the level crossing at the intersection, construct the dumping platform, transfer the water supply and the lighting power supply on the tunnel wall to the inclined shaft intersection for supply, set up a passing platform, and increase the dispatching and communication at the intersection.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention uses the guide table of the embedded rail and the walking wheels welded under the saddle frame to provide the support force for the TBM main machine, and the reaction bracket provides the reaction force for the TBM to step forward, realizing the rapid stepping through of two consecutive intersections, solving the problem of the large bottom plate being disassembled and assembled twice continuously in a short time in the sliding plate type stepping device, improving the construction efficiency, and shortening the transfer construction period; by raising the height of the continuous belt frame at the intersection section, strengthening the continuous belt frame, and reducing the belt slope, etc., the mutual interference between the vehicles in the main tunnel and the continuous belt of the TBM in the parallel heading is avoided, improving the construction efficiency of the entire project and ensuring the stability of the continuous belt operation; during the TBM stepping, the space advantage of the vehicle passage is used to synchronously repair the cutter head and the main bearing seal, ensuring the good state of the equipment and improving the TBM tunneling efficiency in the next stage. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] The brief description of the drawings of the present invention is as follows:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the stepped tunnel end face of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the embedded part of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the enlarged view of part A in

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the fixed support of the embedded rail of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the TBM stepping of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the first steel sleeper of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the second steel sleeper of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the reaction corbel structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 is Figure 8 the side view of

[0026] Figure 10 is Figure 8 the top view of

[0027] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the saddle support structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the level crossing of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the passing platform of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the continuous belt adjustment and dumping platform of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0031] The following further elaborates on the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any improvement or substitution based on the basic spirit of this embodiment still falls within the scope protected by the claims of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1: As shown in Figures 1 to 14As shown, a method for transferring and stepping TBM in an open type flat guide tunnel of a highway comprises the following steps: 1) excavating a stepping tunnel at an intersection 41 in a tunnel; 2) pre-embedding rail 4 components and pre-embedded parts, and constructing a guide platform 12; 3) controlling the TBM excavation guidance, and achieving high-precision penetration; 4) removing the interfering structural parts between the TBM and the stepping equipment and the guide platform 12; 5) allowing the TBM to climb onto the guide platform 12, and pushing the cutter head 15 and the shield 16 to the intersection 41; 6) inspecting the TBM; 7) pushing the support shoe 20 to the intersection 41; 8) stepping through the intersection 41 by using the reaction bull leg 23 and the stepping cylinder 24; 9) removing the stepping mechanism, pushing to the face, installing the TBM structural parts, and resuming TBM excavation; 10) repeating steps 1) to 8) to step through other intersections 41; 11) transferring the TBM supporting facilities.

[0033] Wherein, in step 1), the stepping hole is excavated by drilling and blasting method, the stepping section profile 1 is 100 mm larger than the TBM cutter head profile 2, the section is horseshoe-shaped, the arch waist is an arc, and it is consistent with the TBM cutter head profile 2.

[0034] In the present invention, in the step 2), firstly, the embedded rail fixed support 3 is installed, with a spacing of 1500mm, and the connecting ribs 5 are used for longitudinal connection; then, two rails 4 are embedded at the left and right sides as the sliding track of the bottom shield 17 during stepping, and the center line angle of the two outermost rails 4 is 42°. The rails 4 are installed on the rail fixed support 3 and fixed with the pressing plate 10, and the joints of the rails 4 are smooth; secondly, the reaction force bracket 23 is installed on the rail 4, and the rail tensioning ribs 11 are welded at the position of the reaction force bracket 23, with a spacing of 500mm, and the gap between the two adjacent rail fixed supports 3 is 42°. Two groups of tie bars 11 are installed, each group of tie bars 11 has four; finally, concrete is poured with a thickness of not less than 400 mm, 50 mm of the upper surface of the rail 4 is exposed, and 70 mm is lower than the designed section; wherein the rail fixing support 3 includes a horizontally arranged bottom cross beam 6, and legs 8 are respectively arranged at both ends of the bottom cross beam 6, and the upper end faces of the legs 8 have inclined surfaces, and panels 7 are arranged on the inclined surfaces, and two rails 4 are arranged on the panels 7, and limited angle steels 9 are arranged on the upper end faces of the panels 7 and on the inner side of the rails 4.

[0035] Specifically: in step 3), when there is 50m left to breakthrough, the TBM direction is manually re-measured, and the TBM posture is adjusted according to the result to ensure that the horizontal direction error of the TBM breakthrough posture is within ±30mm and the vertical direction error is within ±70mm; after breakthrough, the slag is cleaned, butter is applied to the surface of the rail 4, the TBM is pushed onto the rail 4, pushed forward, and the section is swept with the TBM edge cutter; the step hole section is checked.

[0036] Furthermore, in the step 4), the bottom of the assembling ring of the arch mounter 13 is first removed, and then the edge cutter 14 is removed.

[0037] Among them, in the step 5), the TBM is aligned according to the guiding attitude after penetration, and is pushed forward and advanced empty to make the TBM climb onto the embedded rail 4 of the guide platform 12; the support shoes 20 are used to continue to push the cutter head 15 and the shield 16 forward empty to reach the intersection 41.

[0038] Among them, in the step 6), the spacious space of the intersection 41 is used to overhaul the cutter head, cutting tools and main bearing.

[0039] Among them, in the step 7), the TBM continues to be pushed forward empty by the support shoes 20 to a position where the support shoes 20 are 1 m away from the intersection; during the advancement, the first steel sleeper 21 is laid in the tunneling section, and the second steel sleeper 22 is laid in the advancement section, and the spacing between the steel sleepers is 700 mm.

[0040] Furthermore, specifically described, in the step 8), the reaction force bracket 23 and the advancement oil cylinder 24 are installed; the reaction force bracket 23 is composed of two trapezoidal steel plates 26 with a thickness of 30 mm and rib plates 27 with a thickness of 20 mm. The reaction force bracket 23 is vertically welded to the rail 4, and a connecting steel plate 28 is welded at the front end to provide forward thrust for the advancement oil cylinder 24 and the main machine; the advancement oil cylinder 24 is connected to the bottom shield 17) and the reaction force bracket 23; the rear support 29 is extended to keep the main beam 30 and the saddle support 31 horizontal, and the saddle support 32, the wheel set 33, the wheel set support 34, the walking track 35, and the track support 36 are installed. The track support (36) is composed of section steel and steel plates, with a length of 1000 mm, and is arranged at intervals between the fixed supports 3 of the embedded rails; the saddle support 32 is welded to the contact surface with the saddle with a 30-mm steel plate and strengthened with section steel diagonal braces, and two sets of section steel strengthening supports are arranged horizontally and vertically respectively; the rear support 29 is retracted, the advancement oil cylinder 24 is extended, the advancement oil cylinder 24 is retracted, a reaction force bracket support 25 is added, the advancement oil cylinder 24 is extended, the advancement oil cylinder 24 is retracted, the reaction force bracket support 25 is withdrawn, and the reaction force bracket 23 moves forward. This process is repeated to step forward through the intersection section; after the wheel set 33 passes over a walking track 35, the walking track 35 and the track support 36 are removed and transported forward for repeated laying.

[0041] The guide platform with embedded rails and the walking wheels welded under the saddle provide the supporting force for the TBM main machine, and the reaction force bracket provides the reaction force for the TBM advancement, realizing the rapid advancement of the TBM through two consecutive intersections 41, solving the problem of the large bottom plate being disassembled and assembled twice continuously in a short time in the sliding plate type advancement device, and improving the construction efficiency.

[0042] Among them, in the step 9), the rear support 29 is extended, and the advancement oil cylinder 24, the reaction force bracket 23, the reaction force bracket support 25, the saddle support 32, the wheel set 33, the wheel set support 34, and the pipelines are removed; the support shoes 20 are used to push forward empty to the face; the arch erector 13 is restored to assemble the ring and install the side cutters 14, and tunneling is resumed.

[0043] Among them, in the step 11), some TBM supporting facilities are transferred, the continuous belt 40 at the intersection 41 is raised, the flat crossing 38 at the intersection 41 is poured, the dumping platform 37 is constructed, the water supply and the power supply for the tunnel wall lighting are transferred to be supplied at the inclined shaft intersection 41, the passing platform 39 is set, and the dispatching and communication at the intersection 41 are increased.

Claims

1. A method for the transfer and step-by-step movement of an open-type TBM in a horizontal pilot tunnel of an expressway, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: 1) excavating a stepping hole at an intersection (41) in a tunnel; 2) pre-embedding rail (4) components and pre-embedded parts, and constructing a guide platform (12); 3) controlling the TBM excavation direction to achieve high-precision penetration; 4) removing interfering structural parts between the TBM, the stepping equipment, and the guide platform (12); 5) allowing the TBM to climb onto the guide platform (12), and pushing the cutterhead (15) and the shield (16) to the intersection (41); 6) inspecting the TBM; 7) pushing the support shoe (20) to the intersection (41); 8) using the reaction bull leg (23) and the stepping cylinder (24) to step through the intersection (41); 9) removing the stepping mechanism, pushing to the face, installing the TBM structural parts, and resuming TBM excavation; 10) repeating steps 1) to 8) to step through other intersections (41); 11) transferring the TBM supporting facilities; In step 1), a stepping hole is excavated by a drilling and blasting method, the stepping section profile (1) is 100 mm larger than the TBM cutter head profile (2), the section is horseshoe-shaped, the arch waist is an arc, and is consistent with the TBM cutter head profile (2); In the step 2), firstly, the embedded rail fixing support (3) is installed with a spacing of 1500mm and longitudinally connected using connecting ribs (5); then, two rails (4) are embedded at the left and right sides as sliding tracks for the bottom shield (17) during stepping, and the center line angle of the two outermost rails (4) is 42°. The rails (4) are installed on the rail fixing support (3) and fixed with a pressing plate (10), and the joints of the rails (4) are smooth; secondly, the rail tensioning ribs (11) are welded at the position of the reaction force bracket (23) on the rails (4) with a spacing of 500mm, and two sets of Tie bars (11), each group of tie bars (11) has four; finally, pouring concrete with a thickness of not less than 400 mm, with the upper surface of the rail (4) exposed by 50 mm and 70 mm below the designed section; wherein the rail fixing support (3) comprises a horizontally arranged bottom crossbeam (6), with legs (8) respectively arranged at both ends of the bottom crossbeam (6), the upper end faces of the legs (8) having inclined surfaces, with panels (7) arranged on the inclined surfaces, two rails (4) arranged on the panels (7), and a limited position angle steel (9) arranged on the upper end face of the panel (7) and located on the inner side of the rail (4).

2. The method for the transfer and step-by-step advancement of the open-type TBM in the horizontal pilot tunnel of the expressway according to claim 1, characterized in that: in In step 3), when there is 50 m left to breakthrough, the TBM direction is manually re-measured, and the TBM posture is adjusted according to the result to ensure that the horizontal direction error of the TBM breakthrough posture is within ±30 mm and the vertical direction error is within ±70 mm; after breakthrough, the slag is cleaned, the surface of the rail (4) is greased, the TBM is pushed up onto the rail (4), pushed forward, and the cross section is scanned by the TBM edge cutter; and the step hole cross section is checked.

3. The method for the transfer and step-by-step movement of the open-type TBM in the horizontal pilot tunnel of the highway as described in claim 2, wherein: in In step 4), the bottom of the assembling ring of the arch mounter (13) is first removed, and then the side cutter (14) is removed.

4. The method for the transfer and step-by-step advancement of an open-type TBM in a highway parallel pilot tunnel as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: in In step 5), the TBM is aligned according to the guiding attitude after breakthrough and pushed forward empty to make the TBM climb onto the embedded steel rail (4) of the guide platform (12); the cutter head (15) and the shield (16) are continuously pushed forward empty by using the support shoes (20) to reach the intersection (41).

5. The method for the transfer and step-by-step movement of the open TBM in the horizontal pilot tunnel of the expressway according to claim 4, characterized in that: in In step 6), the spacious space of the intersection (41) is used to overhaul the cutter head, cutters and main bearing.

6. The method for the transfer and step-by-step movement of the open-type TBM in the horizontal pilot tunnel of the expressway as described in claim 5, characterized in that: in In step 7), the TBM continues to be pushed forward empty by using the support shoes (20) until the support shoes (20) are 1 m away from the intersection; the first steel sleeper (21) is laid in the tunneling section during stepping, and the second steel sleeper (22) is laid in the stepping section, and the spacing between the steel sleepers is 700 mm.

7. The method for the transfer and step-by-step movement of the open TBM in the flat pilot tunnel of the highway as described in claim 6, wherein: in In step 8), the reaction corbel (23) and the stepping oil cylinder (24) are installed; the reaction corbel (23) is composed of two trapezoidal steel plates (26) with a thickness of 30 mm and a 20 mm rib plate (27). The reaction corbel (23) is vertically welded to the steel rail (4), and a connecting steel plate (28) is welded at the front end to provide forward thrust for the stepping oil cylinder (24) and the main machine; the stepping oil cylinder (24) is connected to the bottom shield (17) and the reaction corbel (23); the rear support (29) is extended to keep the main beam (30) and the saddle support (31) horizontal, and the saddle support (32), wheel set (33), wheel set support (34), walking track (35), and track support (36) are installed. The track support (36) is composed of profiled steel and steel plates, with a length of 1000 mm, and is arranged at intervals between the fixed supports (3) of the embedded steel rail; the saddle support (32) is welded to the contact surface with the saddle with a 30 mm steel plate and strengthened with profiled steel diagonal braces, and two profiled steel strengthening supports are arranged horizontally and vertically; the rear support (29) is retracted, the stepping oil cylinder (24) is extended, the stepping oil cylinder (24) is retracted, a reaction corbel support (25) is added, the stepping oil cylinder (24) is extended, the stepping oil cylinder (24) is retracted, the reaction corbel support (25) is withdrawn, and the reaction corbel (23) moves forward. This process is repeated to step forward through the intersection section; after the wheel set (33) passes over a walking track (35), the walking track (35) and the track support (36) are removed and transported forward for repeated laying.

8. The method for the transfer and step-by-step advancement of an open TBM in a highway parallel pilot tunnel as claimed in claim 7, wherein: in In step 9), the rear support (29) is extended, and the stepping oil cylinder (24), reaction corbel (23), reaction corbel support (25), saddle support (32), wheel set (33), wheel set support (34), and pipelines are removed; the support shoes (20) are used to push forward empty to the working face; the arch erector (13) is restored to assemble the ring and install the side cutters (14), and tunneling is resumed.

9. The method for the transfer and step-by-step advancement of an open TBM in a highway flat pilot tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: in In step 11), some TBM auxiliary facilities are transferred, the continuous belt (40) at the intersection (41) is raised, the level crossing (38) at the intersection (41) is poured, the dumping platform (37) is constructed, the water supply and the lighting power supply of the tunnel wall are transferred to be supplied at the inclined shaft intersection (41), the passing platform (39) is set, and the dispatching and communication at the intersection (41) are increased.

Images