Concrete dome formwork construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a concrete dome formwork construction method, which comprises a steel pipe, a first suspension rod, a second suspension rod, a third suspension rod, a first inner inclined rod, a second inner inclined rod and a pull rod. The both ends of the steel pipe are respectively provided with a hole ear plate, the hole ear plate is provided with a sleeve ring, the steel pipe is provided with a limiting clamp, and the limiting clamp is provided with a threaded sleeve. The threaded sleeve at the lower part of the steel pipe is screwed, the sleeve ring is gradually jacked up, the lower end position of the first inner inclined rod is lifted, the upper end of the first inner inclined rod jacks up the second suspension rod to make the third suspension rod rise, after being jacked up to the specified position, the threaded sleeve is stopped from being screwed; the included angle between the first suspension rod and the first inner inclined rod becomes smaller, thereby driving the pull rod, promoting the first suspension rod to rotate around the hinge point thereof, and enabling the whole structure to be expanded and lifted. The whole structure of the application is exquisite, light, efficient, easy to install and disassemble, and compared with a large net rack structure support system, is more light and convenient to hoist, can be assembled on the ground or a platform and then hoisted, jacked up and positioned, and is more convenient to construct.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of dome formwork, and in particular to a method for constructing a concrete dome formwork. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of concrete dome structures, the formwork support system has always been a challenging aspect. Currently, the common method for constructing concrete dome formwork support is to erect full-span scaffolding. This method has several shortcomings, some of which are as follows:

[0003] 1. This construction method requires the erection of full-span scaffolding, which is complex to install, takes a long time, affects construction efficiency, causes material waste, and results in high labor costs and a long construction period, consuming a great deal of human and material resources.

[0004] 2. After the formwork support system is completed, each piece of wood needs to be processed and fixed, which makes the wooden formwork and other materials unusable and wastes a lot of materials. At the same time, the formwork laying process requires high-altitude operations to complete the construction, which not only increases the difficulty of construction, but also poses great safety hazards and cannot guarantee the personal safety of the workers.

[0005] 3. Because the dome formwork support system requires the erection of full-span scaffolding and the on-site fabrication and safety of the formwork, the quality of the erected scaffolding and the on-site processed curved wooden dome is difficult to guarantee, resulting in low installation accuracy and leaving significant quality problems for the later installation, replacement and maintenance of dome surface materials and internal equipment.

[0006] 4. After the steel reinforcement and concrete construction of the concrete dome is completed, the dismantling of the support system also requires a huge amount of manpower and resources and a long working time, which leads to problems such as increased labor and material costs and extended construction period. In particular, working at heights will bring great safety hazards.

[0007] 5. Similar steel cable-stayed structures also have problems such as high construction difficulty in erection and dismantling, difficulty in ensuring precision and quality control, high material consumption, high labor cost, long construction cycle, and high safety hazards for workers. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the problems and limitations of currently used full-span scaffolding wooden formwork support structures and steel cable-stayed support structures, this invention provides a method for constructing concrete dome formwork. The formwork support system of this method can be fabricated on the ground or a working platform before hoisting or jacking, avoiding the safety hazards of working at heights and the material costs and uncontrollable quality associated with on-site fabrication. It also eliminates the significant manpower and material rental costs associated with full-span scaffolding support, greatly saving costs. Furthermore, the structure provided by this invention is extremely simple and reliable, with low erection requirements, fast construction speed, and easy dismantling, which can greatly improve work efficiency, accelerate construction progress, and save project capital and time costs.

[0009] The present invention provides a method for constructing a concrete dome using formwork, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A method for constructing a concrete dome using formwork includes:

[0011] S1: Construction preparation: including steel pipe, first suspension rod, second suspension rod, third suspension rod, first inner inclined rod, second inner inclined rod and tie rod. Both ends of the steel pipe are respectively provided with perforated ear plates. The perforated ear plates are provided with collars. The steel pipe is provided with limit clips. The limit clips are provided with threaded sleeves.

[0012] S2: Preliminary assembly: One end of the first suspension rod is hinged to the perforated ear plate at the upper end of the steel pipe, and the other end is hinged to the second outer suspension rod. One end of the first inner inclined rod is hinged to the perforated ear plate at the lower end of the steel pipe, and the other end is hinged to the first suspension rod. One end of the second inner inclined rod is hinged to the first inner inclined rod, and the other end is hinged to the second suspension rod. One end of the tie rod is hinged to the first suspension rod, and the other end is hinged to the third suspension rod. The end of the third suspension rod away from the tie rod is hinged with a spiral sleeve.

[0013] S3: Lifting and Expansion: Tighten the threaded sleeve at the bottom of the steel pipe to gradually lift the collar, raising the lower end of the first inner inclined rod. The upper end of the first inner inclined rod lifts the second suspension rod, causing the third suspension rod to rise. After lifting to the designated position, stop tightening the threaded sleeve. The angle between the first suspension rod and the first inner inclined rod decreases, which in turn pulls the tie rod, causing the first suspension rod to rotate around its hinge point, thus expanding and lifting the entire structure.

[0014] S4: Overall hoisting and lifting: Hooks are installed on the perforated ear plate at the upper end of the steel pipe. The lifting equipment slowly and steadily lifts the entire structure through the hooks to ensure that the overall structure is safely and stably hoisted to the dome position. After being hoisted to the designated position, the effective length of the first suspension rod is extended by turning the threaded sleeve at the lower end of the suspension rod.

[0015] S5: Inflatable bottom formwork construction: After the overall structure is hoisted, the inflatable bottom formwork is tensioned on the top surface of the entire structure. The top center of the inflatable bottom formwork is hung on the perforated ear plate of the top hole of the steel pipe. The lower edge of the inflatable bottom formwork is hung on the outside of the hinge joint of the lower end of the first and third suspension rods respectively. After the steel reinforcement on the inflatable bottom formwork is completed, the inflatable bottom formwork is inflated.

[0016] S6: Formwork Removal: After the concrete pouring is completed, use slings to pass through the sleeves reserved at the top of the steel pipes to hang the entire dome formwork structure. Release the air valve of the inflatable bottom formwork to release the gas inside. Pull out the pin of the threaded sleeve on the steel pipe and slowly screw the threaded sleeve downwards. At the same time, remove the hinges between the first and third suspension rods and the dome support structure. The dome structure will slowly shrink, reducing the expansion area. After reaching the appropriate size, the entire dome formwork structure will completely detach from the concrete dome. Immediately and slowly lower the slings to lower the entire dome formwork structure vertically downwards along the sleeves until it lands on the ground or platform below the dome. Finally, dismantle the inflatable bottom formwork and the dome structure, clean them, and store them properly in the designated location.

[0017] Optionally, in step S3, when the steel pipe threaded sleeve is tightened to make the collar contact the limit clip, the first suspension rod is in a horizontal state and forms a 90° angle with the steel pipe.

[0018] Optionally, in step S4, a pulley is hinged to the end of the spiral sleeve.

[0019] Optionally, in step S5, a sleeve with a length greater than the thickness of the dome concrete and an inner diameter greater than the sling is reserved at the top of the steel pipe. The sling passes through the sleeve for dismantling and lowering the overall dome formwork structure.

[0020] Optionally, an anti-loosening ring is provided between the first inner inclined rod and the first suspension rod.

[0021] Optionally, the threaded sleeve is provided with a plurality of pin holes spaced apart, and the threaded sleeve is provided with a pin, which is inserted into the pin hole.

[0022] Optionally, the steel pipe is hollow inside to allow slings to pass through.

[0023] Optionally, the inflatable bottom mold is a scratch-resistant and tensile-resistant high-density rubber product.

[0024] Optionally, the upper end of the first inner inclined rod is hinged at 1 / 4 of the length from the upper end of the second inner inclined rod, the lower end of the second suspension rod is hinged at 1 / 4 of the length from the upper end of the first suspension rod, the lower end of the second inner inclined rod is hinged to the upper end of the third suspension rod, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged at 1 / 8 of the length from the lower end of the first suspension rod, and the lower end of the first suspension rod is hinged at 1 / 4 of the length from the upper end of the second suspension rod.

[0025] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] 1. The overall structure of this invention is ingenious, lightweight and efficient, and easy to install and disassemble. Compared with the larger space frame structure support system, it is lighter and easier to hoist. It can be assembled on the ground or platform and then hoisted and lifted into place, making construction simpler.

[0027] 2. This invention does not require the erection of a full-span scaffold or other large-scale support system. It can be assembled directly on the ground or platform and then hoisted and lifted into place, saving the cumbersome process of erecting a support system, saving labor, saving material rental costs, greatly reducing cost input, and shortening the construction period.

[0028] 3. This invention enables the expansion and contraction of the overall structure by changing the height of the inner inclined lifting rod. It can be adapted to different design requirements, making this concrete dome formwork system suitable for dome structures of varying radii and heights. The spiral sleeve can be adjusted to change the structural length, further accommodating different structural dimensions and allowing for fine-tuning to varying degrees. This gives the concrete dome formwork construction method a wider tolerance for errors, facilitates construction, and improves efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a single leaf of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a single-leaf membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a top view of the overall structure of this invention in an embodiment of the invention, showing its lifting and expansion.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a top-view perspective diagram of the overall structure of the lifting and expanding membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a partial top view of the lifting and expansion of the overall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Steel pipe; 2. First suspension rod; 3. Second suspension rod; 4. Third suspension rod; 5. First inner diagonal rod; 6. Second inner diagonal rod; 7. Tie rod; 8. Ear plate with perforation; 9. Collar; 10. Spiral sleeve; 11. Inflatable bottom mold; 12. Limiting clip; 13. Pulley; 14. Anti-ejection ring clip; 15. Pin hole; 16. Threaded sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0036] This invention discloses a method for constructing a concrete dome using formwork.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 A method for constructing a concrete dome using formwork includes the following steps:

[0038] S1: Construction preparation: including steel pipe 1, first suspension rod 2, second suspension rod 3, third suspension rod 4, first inner inclined rod 5, second inner inclined rod 6 and tie rod 7. Both ends of the steel pipe 1 are respectively provided with perforated ear plates 8. The perforated ear plates 8 are provided with collars 9. The steel pipe 1 is provided with limit clips 12. The limit clips 12 are provided with threaded sleeves 16.

[0039] S2: Preliminary assembly: One end of the first suspension rod 2 is hinged to the perforated ear plate 8 at the upper end of the steel pipe 1, and the other end is hinged to the second outer suspension rod. One end of the first inner inclined rod 5 is hinged to the perforated ear plate 8 at the lower end of the steel pipe 1, and the other end is hinged to the first suspension rod 2. One end of the second inner inclined rod 6 is hinged to the first inner inclined rod 5, and the other end is hinged to the second suspension rod 3. One end of the tie rod 7 is hinged to the first suspension rod 2, and the other end is hinged to the third suspension rod 4. The end of the third suspension rod 4 away from the tie rod 7 is hinged with a spiral sleeve 10.

[0040] S3: Lifting and Expansion: Tighten the threaded sleeve 16 at the bottom of the steel pipe 1 to gradually lift the collar 9, raising the lower end of the first inner inclined rod 5. The upper end of the first inner inclined rod 5 lifts the second suspension rod 3, causing the third suspension rod 4 to rise. After lifting to the designated position, stop tightening the threaded sleeve 16. The angle between the first suspension rod 2 and the first inner inclined rod 5 becomes smaller, which in turn pulls the tie rod 7, causing the first suspension rod 2 to rotate around its hinge point, thus expanding and lifting the entire structure.

[0041] S4: Overall hoisting and lifting: Hooks are provided on the perforated ear plate 8 at the upper end of the steel pipe 1. The lifting equipment slowly and steadily lifts the entire structure through the hooks to ensure that the overall structure is safely and stably hoisted to the dome position. After being hoisted to the designated position, the effective length of the first suspension rod 2 is extended by turning the threaded sleeve 16 at the lower end of the suspension rod.

[0042] S5: Construction of inflatable bottom formwork 11: After the overall structure is hoisted, the inflatable bottom formwork 11 is tensioned on the top surface of the entire structure. The top center of the inflatable bottom formwork 11 is hung on the perforated ear plate 8 of the top hole of the steel pipe 1. The lower edge of the inflatable bottom formwork 11 is respectively hung on the outside of the hinge joint of the lower end of the first suspension rod 2 and the third suspension rod 4. After the steel reinforcement on the inflatable bottom formwork 11 is completed, the inflatable bottom formwork 11 is inflated.

[0043] S6: Formwork Removal: After the concrete pouring is completed, use slings to pass through the sleeve reserved at the top of steel pipe 1 to hang the entire dome support structure. Release the air valve of the inflatable bottom formwork to release the gas inside, and the inflatable bottom formwork 11 will separate from the concrete. Pull out the pin of the threaded sleeve 16 on steel pipe 1 and slowly turn the threaded sleeve 16 downward. At the same time, remove the hinges between the first suspension rod 2 and the third suspension rod 4 and the dome support structure. The dome structure will slowly shrink, reducing the expansion area. After reaching the appropriate size, the entire dome support structure will completely separate from the concrete dome. Immediately lower the slings slowly and lower the entire dome support structure vertically downward along the position of the sleeve. Finally, land it on the ground or platform below the dome. Finally, dismantle the inflatable bottom formwork 11 and the dome structure, clean them, and store them properly in the designated location.

[0044] The first suspension rod 2, the second suspension rod 3, the third suspension rod 4, the first inner diagonal rod 5, the second inner diagonal rod 6, and the tie rod 7 together form a support structure. Multiple support structures are installed at intervals along the circumference of the main pipe. The first suspension rod 2 and the first inner diagonal rod 5 of the support structure are respectively hinged to the upper and lower perforated lug plates 8 of the main pipe. Extending the effective length of the first suspension rod 2 expands the coverage area of ​​the overall structure, thus meeting the needs of dome structures of different sizes.

[0045] In step S3, when the threaded sleeve 16 of the steel pipe 1 is tightened so that the collar 9 contacts the limiting clip 12, the first suspension rod 2 is in a horizontal state, forming a 90° angle with the steel pipe 1. At this point, further upward movement should be avoided to prevent over-extension.

[0046] In step S4, a pulley 13 is hinged to the end of the spiral sleeve 10. The guide rail installed on the wall is used to slowly lift the sleeve to the designed height position through the lifting equipment and the pulley 13. The lifting is convenient and quick.

[0047] In step S5, a sleeve with a length greater than the thickness of the dome concrete and an inner diameter greater than the sling is pre-installed at the top of steel pipe 1. The sling passes through the sleeve for dismantling and lowering the overall dome formwork structure. The sleeve is made of PVC so that after the concrete construction is completed, the sling can be passed through the PVC sleeve to dismantle and lower the overall dome formwork structure.

[0048] After the concrete pouring is completed and the dome formwork system is removed, the PVC sleeve pre-installed in the center of the dome top is removed, leaving a circular hole in the dome concrete structure. This hole can be used as a "lighting hole" later, saving the work of drilling holes in the dome. If the design does not include a lighting hole, the area around the hole can be roughened and cleaned before pouring concrete to seal the circular hole, thus maintaining the integrity of the structure.

[0049] An anti-loosening ring 14 is provided between the first inner inclined rod 5 and the first suspension rod 2. This improves the stability of the connection between the first inner inclined rod 5 and the first suspension rod 2.

[0050] The threaded sleeve 16 is provided with a plurality of pin holes 15 spaced apart, and a pin is provided on the threaded sleeve 16. The pin is inserted into the pin hole 15 to prevent the threaded sleeve 16 from sliding down.

[0051] The interior of steel pipe 1 is hollow, and ear plates are installed inside steel pipe 1 for connecting to the slings of lifting equipment. During the demolding stage, the slings are passed through the center of steel pipe 1 and hooked onto the ear plates to hold the entire structure in place for lifting and lowering.

[0052] The inflatable base mold 11 is made of scratch- and tensile-resistant high-density rubber. This inflatable base mold 11, being made of scratch- and tensile-resistant high-density rubber, possesses sufficient strength after inflation and tightening to bear adequate loads, meeting the self-weight of the reinforced concrete structure and construction requirements of the dome. Simultaneously, the unique characteristics of the dome structure also distribute some of its weight to the surrounding vertical structures. The inflatable base mold 11 can be inflated and can be factory-customized to meet the dome curvature requirements of the design, exhibiting excellent plasticity and adaptability. Furthermore, the inflatable base mold 11 can be easily dismantled simply by releasing the internal gas, making dismantling convenient and quick, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0053] Compared to using full-span scaffolding to support wooden formwork, this method eliminates the need for on-site processing of wooden formwork by workers, resulting in greater savings in material costs. During installation, the inflatable formwork is simply tensioned and inflated to complete the low-formwork construction, further reducing labor costs and improving efficiency. Furthermore, this invention, by pre-customizing the inflatable bottom formwork 11, offers greater precision compared to on-site processing.

[0054] The upper end of the first inner inclined rod 5 is hinged at a distance of 1 / 4 of the length from the upper end of the second inner inclined rod 6; the lower end of the second suspension rod 3 is hinged at a distance of 1 / 4 of the length from the upper end of the first suspension rod 2; the lower end of the second inner inclined rod 6 is hinged at the upper end of the third suspension rod 4; the upper end of the pull rod 7 is hinged at a distance of 1 / 8 of the length from the lower end of the first suspension rod 2; and the lower end of the first suspension rod 2 is hinged at a distance of 1 / 4 of the length from the upper end of the second suspension rod 3. This structure is more labor-saving and stable.

[0055] This invention simplifies dismantling the formwork by simply removing the pin under the threaded sleeve 16, turning the threaded sleeve 16 downwards, and simultaneously dismantling the hinges between the first suspension rod 2 and the third suspension rod 4 and the dome support structure. This releases the gas inside the inflatable formwork, allowing the overall structure to slowly contract and reduce the expansion area. Once the desired size is reached, the entire dome formwork structure is completely detached from the concrete dome. The slings are then slowly lowered, allowing the entire dome formwork structure to be lowered vertically downwards along the sleeve, eventually landing on the ground or platform below the dome. This completes the dismantling of the concrete dome formwork system. The process is simple, convenient, and highly efficient, avoiding the arduous dismantling of a full scaffold and significantly improving work efficiency. It also saves a significant amount of personnel from working at heights and mitigates the safety risks of falls from heights.

[0056] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a concrete dome using formwork, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Construction preparation: including steel pipe, first suspension rod, second suspension rod, third suspension rod, first inner inclined rod, second inner inclined rod and tie rod. Both ends of the steel pipe are respectively provided with perforated ear plates. The perforated ear plates are provided with collars. The steel pipe is provided with limit clips. The limit clips are provided with threaded sleeves. S2: Preliminary assembly: One end of the first suspension rod is hinged to the perforated ear plate at the upper end of the steel pipe, and the other end is hinged to the second outer suspension rod. One end of the first inner inclined rod is hinged to the perforated ear plate at the lower end of the steel pipe, and the other end is hinged to the first suspension rod. One end of the second inner inclined rod is hinged to the first inner inclined rod, and the other end is hinged to the second suspension rod. One end of the tie rod is hinged to the first suspension rod, and the other end is hinged to the third suspension rod. The end of the third suspension rod away from the tie rod is hinged with a spiral sleeve. S3: Lifting and Expansion: Tighten the threaded sleeve at the bottom of the steel pipe to gradually lift the collar, raising the lower end of the first inner inclined rod. The upper end of the first inner inclined rod lifts the second suspension rod, causing the third suspension rod to rise. After lifting to the designated position, stop tightening the threaded sleeve. The angle between the first suspension rod and the first inner inclined rod decreases, which in turn pulls the tie rod, causing the first suspension rod to rotate around its hinge point, thus expanding and lifting the entire structure. S4: Overall hoisting and lifting: Hooks are installed on the perforated ear plate at the upper end of the steel pipe. The lifting equipment slowly and steadily lifts the entire structure through the hooks to ensure that the overall structure is safely and stably hoisted to the dome position. After being hoisted to the designated position, the effective length of the first suspension rod is extended by turning the threaded sleeve at the lower end of the suspension rod. S5: Inflatable bottom formwork construction: After the overall structure is hoisted, the inflatable bottom formwork is tensioned on the top surface of the entire structure. The top center of the inflatable bottom formwork is hung on the perforated ear plate of the top hole of the steel pipe. The lower edge of the inflatable bottom formwork is hung on the outside of the hinge joint of the lower end of the first and third suspension rods respectively. After the steel reinforcement on the inflatable bottom formwork is completed, the inflatable bottom formwork is inflated. S6: Formwork Removal: After the concrete pouring is completed, use slings to pass through the sleeves reserved at the top of the steel pipes to hang the entire dome formwork structure. Release the air valve of the inflatable bottom formwork to release the gas inside. Pull out the pin of the threaded sleeve on the steel pipe and slowly screw the threaded sleeve downwards. At the same time, remove the hinges between the first and third suspension rods and the dome support structure. The dome structure will slowly shrink, reducing the expansion area. After reaching the appropriate size, the entire dome formwork structure will completely detach from the concrete dome. Immediately and slowly lower the slings to lower the entire dome formwork structure vertically downwards along the sleeves until it lands on the ground or platform below the dome. Finally, dismantle the inflatable bottom formwork and the dome structure, clean them, and store them properly in the designated location.

2. The method for constructing a concrete dome formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, when the threaded sleeve of the steel pipe is turned so that the collar contacts the limit clip, the first suspension rod is in a horizontal state and forms a 90° angle with the steel pipe.

3. The method for constructing a concrete dome formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, a pulley is hinged to the end of the spiral sleeve.

4. The method for constructing a concrete dome formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, a sleeve with a length greater than the thickness of the dome concrete and an inner diameter greater than the sling is reserved at the top of the steel pipe. The sling passes through the sleeve for dismantling and lowering the overall dome formwork structure.

5. The method for constructing a concrete dome formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-loosening ring is provided between the first inner inclined rod and the first suspension rod.

6. The method for constructing a concrete dome formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threaded sleeve is provided with a plurality of pin holes spaced apart, and a pin is provided on the threaded sleeve, the pin being inserted into the pin hole.

7. The method for constructing a concrete dome formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel pipe is hollow inside, allowing slings to pass through.

8. The method for constructing a concrete dome formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inflatable bottom mold is a scratch-resistant and tensile-resistant high-density rubber product.

9. The method for constructing a concrete dome formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the first inner inclined rod is hinged at 1 / 4 of the length from the upper end of the second inner inclined rod; the lower end of the second suspension rod is hinged at 1 / 4 of the length from the upper end of the first suspension rod; the lower end of the second inner inclined rod is hinged at the upper end of the third suspension rod; the upper end of the pull rod is hinged at 1 / 8 of the length from the lower end of the first suspension rod; and the lower end of the first suspension rod is hinged at 1 / 4 of the length from the upper end of the second suspension rod.

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