A percussion drill

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of percussion device, and particularly to a percussion device. The percussion device includes a percussion device body, an outer tube, and a conversion joint. The percussion device of this application is based on the percussion device body with positive circulation. The percussion device body is arranged at one end inside the outer tube, and a conversion joint is arranged at the other end of the outer tube. The air inlet end of the percussion device body is connected to the first air inlet channel of the conversion joint. By using the first air inlet channel on the conversion joint to intake air, the fixed air intake position at the air inlet end of the percussion device body can be changed, without affecting the positive circulation percussion of the percussion device body during air intake. By using the annular first slag discharge channel formed between the percussion device body and the outer tube, and cooperating with the second slag discharge channel axially arranged at the center of the conversion joint, the reverse circulation slag discharge of the percussion device can be realized. Compared with the existing reverse circulation percussion device, the percussion device provided in this application has a simple structural design and a low manufacturing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of impactors, and particularly to an impactor. Background Art

[0002] Impactors are widely used in drilling and reaming operations. Traditional impactors include positive circulation impactors and reverse circulation impactors; see Figure 1 , Chinese Patent CN207420445U discloses a down-the-hole impactor, which is a positive circulation impactor. The positive circulation impactor basically uses side slag discharge. After high-pressure gas enters the cylinder body to achieve reciprocating impact of the piston, it enters the slag blowing channel and slag blowing hole in the axial direction of the drill bit center to blow out the broken rock from both sides of the drill bit for slag discharge; see Figure 2 , Chinese Patent CN210858576U discloses a reverse circulation impactor without an inner cylinder. The reverse circulation impactor uses central slag discharge. After high-pressure gas enters the cylinder body to achieve reciprocating impact of the piston, it is blown out from both sides of the drill bit, and the rock broken by the drill bit is blown into the slag discharge hole or collection pipe axially arranged in the drill bit center for slag discharge. The cost of the positive circulation impactor is usually lower than that of the reverse circulation impactor, but the slag discharge of the positive circulation impactor is not as environmentally friendly as that of the reverse circulation impactor. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides an impactor to achieve positive circulation impact and reverse circulation slag discharge of the impactor.

[0004] The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] An impactor, comprising: an impactor body, an outer tube, and a conversion joint;

[0006] The impactor body is disposed inside the outer tube, and the crushing end of the impactor body extends out of one end of the outer tube;

[0007] A first slag discharge channel is formed between the impactor body and the outer tube;

[0008] One end of the conversion joint is connected to the air inlet end of the impactor body. The conversion joint is provided with a first air inlet channel, and the first air inlet channel is communicated with the air inlet end of the impactor body;

[0009] The other end of the conversion joint extends out of the other end of the outer tube. The conversion joint is provided with a second slag discharge channel, and the second slag discharge channel is communicated with the first slag discharge channel;

[0010] The impactor body is used to impact and crush rocks. The compressed gas required for the reciprocating impact of the piston in the impactor body flows in through the first air inlet channel of the conversion joint, and the rocks crushed by the impactor body are discharged through the first slag discharge channel and the second slag discharge channel of the conversion joint.

[0011] Further, the impactor body includes: an end cap joint, a cylinder block, a check valve, a gas distribution seat, a piston, and a drill bit;

[0012] One end of the cylinder block is installed with the end cap joint, and the end cap joint is provided with a second air inlet passage for the intake of the impactor body; the first air inlet passage is communicated with the second air inlet passage, and the other end of the cylinder block is installed with the drill bit;

[0013] The piston is movably installed in the cylinder block, a gas distribution passage is formed between the piston and the cylinder block, the piston is provided with an axially penetrating air passage, and a front chamber is formed between the front end of the piston and the cylinder block, and a rear chamber is formed between the rear end of the piston and the cylinder block;

[0014] The gas distribution seat is installed in the cylinder block, the gas distribution seat is provided with a gas distribution seat air passage, and the gas distribution seat air passage is communicated with the gas distribution passage; a check valve is installed on the gas distribution seat, and the check valve is used to communicate the second air inlet passage and the gas distribution seat air passage;

[0015] When the piston of the impactor body reciprocates in the cylinder block, the gas distribution passage alternately communicates with the front chamber and the rear chamber.

[0016] Further, a bushing is provided in the cylinder block near the drill bit end, and when the piston moves into the bushing, the front chamber is closed; the drill bit is provided with a slag blowing hole passage communicated with the front chamber.

[0017] Further, a snap ring and a drill rod sleeve are provided in one end of the cylinder block, and the drill bit is fixed to the end of the cylinder block through the snap ring and the drill rod sleeve.

[0018] Further, one end of the outer tube near the drill bit is provided with an annular convex block, the annular convex block extends the radial dimension of the end of the outer tube, a slag inlet area is formed between the annular convex block and the outer peripheral wall of the drill bit, and a slag inlet hole passage is provided on the end face of the outer tube at this end, and the slag inlet hole passage communicates the slag inlet area and the first slag discharge channel.

[0019] Further, the outer peripheral wall of the annular convex block is provided with a wear-resistant layer. The wear-resistant layer is preferably a tungsten carbide layer, specifically including: the outer peripheral wall of the annular convex block is coated with a tungsten carbide layer, or, an installation groove is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the annular convex block, and a tungsten carbide block is provided in the installation groove.

[0020] Further, one end of the outer tube near the adapter is provided with an inner annular convex block, the inner annular convex block reduces the radial diameter of the end of the outer tube, and a first stepped structure is formed in the inner wall of the outer tube;

[0021] The outer peripheral wall of the adapter is provided with a second stepped structure, and the second stepped structure and the first stepped structure are fitted and docked.

[0022] Further, one end of the adapter is provided with a first inner installation groove;

[0023] One end of the end cap joint is installed on the cylinder block, and the other end of the end cap joint is installed in the first inner installation groove. The adapter joint and the end cap joint are correspondingly provided with pin holes, and there is a pin fixation on the pin holes.

[0024] Furthermore, both the adapter joint and the end cap joint are hexagonal joints, and the first inner installation groove is an internal hexagonal installation groove;

[0025] The adapter joint located inside the outer pipe is provided with inclined slag discharge holes, and the adapter joint is provided with a second slag discharge channel arranged axially and extending out of the outer pipe. The slag discharge holes communicate the first slag discharge channel and the second slag discharge channel;

[0026] A first air inlet channel is provided on the hexagonal outer circle of the adapter joint.

[0027] Furthermore, the impactor of the present application further includes: a drill pipe joint connected to the adapter joint; the drill pipe joint is provided with a third air inlet channel and a third slag discharge channel; the third air inlet channel is butt-connected to the second air inlet channel, and the third slag discharge channel is butt-connected to the second slag discharge channel; the drill pipe joint is used to connect external drilling equipment.

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] Based on the impactor body of the positive circulation, one end of the impactor body is arranged inside the outer pipe, and an adapter joint is arranged at the other end of the outer pipe at the same time; the air inlet end of the impactor body is connected to the first air inlet channel of the adapter joint. By using the first air inlet channel on the adapter joint to intake air, it can change the fixed air inlet position of the air inlet end of the impactor body, without affecting the positive circulation impact of the impactor body for air intake; by using the annular first slag discharge channel formed between the impactor body and the outer pipe, and cooperating with the second slag discharge channel arranged axially at the center of the adapter joint, the reverse circulation slag discharge of the impactor can be realized. Compared with the existing reverse circulation impactor, the impactor provided in the present application has a simple structure design and a low manufacturing cost. Description of the drawings

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an existing positive circulation down-the-hole impactor;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an existing reverse circulation down-the-hole impactor;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hammer in this application;

[0034] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the outer pipe at home and abroad;

[0035] Figure 5 is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the adapter in the middle;

[0036] Figure 6 is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the end cap joint in the middle of the hammer body;

[0037] Figure 7 is Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of the drill pipe joint in the middle;

[0038] Reference numerals: 10 hammer body, 11, end cap joint, 110, second air inlet channel, 12, cylinder block, 120, front cavity, 121, rear cavity, 122, air distribution channel, 13, check valve, 14, air distribution seat, 15, piston, 16, drill bit, 160, slag blowing hole channel, 17, bushing, 18, snap ring, 19, caliper sleeve, 20, outer pipe, 210, annular protrusion, 211, first step structure, 212, wear-resistant layer, 30, adapter, 310, first air inlet channel, 311, second slag discharge channel, 312, second step structure, 313, slag discharge hole channel, 314, first inner installation groove, 40, drill pipe joint, 410, third air inlet channel, 411, third slag discharge channel, 412, second inner installation groove, 50, first slag discharge channel, 510, slag inlet hole channel, 511, slag inlet area, 60, pin hole channel. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0040] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly disposed on the other element;; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0041] It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0042] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" and "several" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0043] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the present application. Therefore, they do not have a substantial technical meaning. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the efficacy that the present application can produce and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present application.

[0044] Referring to Figures 3 - 7 As shown, the present invention provides an impactor, comprising: an impactor body 10, an outer tube 20, and a transition joint 30; the impactor body is disposed inside the outer tube, and the crushing end of the impactor body extends out of one end of the outer tube; a first slag discharge channel 50 is formed between the impactor body 10 and the outer tube 20; one end of the transition joint 30 is connected to the air inlet end of the impactor body, a first air inlet channel 310 is provided on the transition joint 30, and the first air inlet channel is communicated with the air inlet end of the impactor body; the other end of the transition joint extends out of the other end of the outer tube, a second slag discharge channel 311 is provided on the transition joint 30, and the second slag discharge channel is communicated with the first slag discharge channel; the impactor body is used for impacting and crushing rocks, the compressed gas required for the piston in the impactor body to reciprocally impact flows in through the first air inlet channel of the transition joint, and the rocks crushed by the impactor body are discharged through the first slag discharge channel and the second slag discharge channel of the transition joint.

[0045] Those skilled in the art know that the crushing end of the impactor body refers to the end of the drill bit used for drilling a rock hole, and the air inlet end of the impactor body refers to the other end relative to the drill bit.

[0046] In the above solution, based on the impactor body with a positive cycle, the impactor body is arranged at one end inside the outer pipe, and a transition joint is arranged at the other end of the outer pipe; the air inlet end of the impactor body is connected to the first air inlet channel of the transition joint, and the first air inlet channel on the transition joint is used for air intake, which can change the fixed air intake position at the air inlet end of the impactor body and does not affect the positive cycle impact of the impactor body for air intake; by using the annular first slag discharge channel formed between the impactor body and the outer pipe and cooperating with the second slag discharge channel axially arranged in the center of the transition joint, the reverse cycle slag discharge of the impactor can be realized. Compared with the existing reverse cycle impactor, the impactor provided in this application has a simple structure design and a low manufacturing cost.

[0047] As an alternative embodiment, the impactor body 10 includes: an end cap joint 11, a cylinder block 12, a check valve 13, a gas distribution seat 14, a piston 15, and a drill bit 16; the end cap joint 30 is installed at one end of the cylinder block, and the end cap joint 11 is provided with a second air inlet channel 110 for air intake of the impactor body; the first air inlet channel 310 is communicated with the second air inlet channel 110, and the drill bit 16 is installed at the other end of the cylinder block; the piston 15 is movably installed in the cylinder 12, and a gas distribution channel 122 is formed between the piston 15 and the cylinder block 12. The piston is provided with an axially penetrating air passage, and a front chamber 120 is formed between the front end of the piston 15 and the cylinder block 12, and a rear chamber 121 is formed between the rear end of the piston 15 and the cylinder block 12; the gas distribution seat 14 is installed in the cylinder block 12, and a gas distribution seat air passage is provided on the gas distribution seat, and the gas distribution seat air passage is communicated with the gas distribution channel; a check valve 13 is installed on the gas distribution seat 14, and the check valve is used to communicate the second air inlet channel and the gas distribution seat air passage; when the piston of the impactor body reciprocates in the cylinder, the gas distribution channel alternately communicates the front chamber and the rear chamber.

[0048] Further, a bushing 17 is provided in the cylinder block 12 near one end of the drill bit 16, and the piston moves into the bushing to close the front chamber; after the front chamber is closed to store high-pressure gas, the drill bit is provided with a slag blowing hole channel communicated with the front chamber; a snap ring 18 and a drill bit sleeve 19 are provided inside one end of the cylinder block, and the drill bit is fixed to the end of the cylinder block through the snap ring and the drill bit sleeve. Specifically, the drill bit 16 is provided with an axial slag blowing channel, one end of the slag blowing channel is communicated with an obliquely arranged slag blowing hole channel 160, and the other end of the slag blowing channel can be communicated with the front chamber; when the piston in the cylinder block moves backward to the rear chamber, the gas distribution channel communicates with the front chamber to flow high-pressure gas into the slag blowing hole channel of the drill bit for slag blowing.

[0049] See Figure 3 and Figure 4, As a preferred embodiment, one end of the outer tube 20 close to the drill bit 16 is provided with an annular convex block 210. The annular convex block extends the radial dimension of the end of the outer tube. A slag inlet area 511 is formed between the annular convex block and the outer peripheral wall of the drill bit. And a slag inlet hole passage 510 is provided on the end face of this end of the outer tube. The slag inlet hole passage 510 communicates with the slag inlet area 511 and the first slag discharge channel 50. The annular convex block forms a sealing ring structure at the end of the outer tube, that is, the annular convex block fits and closes with the rock wall of the hole, forming a closed space, so that the rock slag broken at the front end of the drill bit flows to the slag inlet area along with the discharged high-pressure gas, flows into the first slag discharge channel through the slag inlet hole passage, and is then introduced into the second slag discharge channel of the adapter to be discharged.

[0050] More preferably, the outer peripheral wall of the annular convex block 210 is provided with a wear-resistant layer 212; the wear-resistant layer is preferably a tungsten carbide layer, specifically including: a tungsten carbide layer is coated on the outer peripheral wall of the annular convex block, or an installation groove is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the annular convex block, and a tungsten carbide block is provided in the installation groove. The above structural design effectively enhances the wear resistance of the annular convex block.

[0051] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 , As a preferred embodiment, one end of the outer tube close to the adapter is provided with an inner annular convex block. The inner annular convex block reduces the radial diameter of the end of the outer tube and forms a first step structure 211 in the inner wall of the outer tube; a second step structure 312 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the adapter 30, and the second step structure and the first step structure are fitted and butted; while facilitating the installation and positioning of the adapter, it effectively prevents the adapter from disengaging from the end of the outer tube.

[0052] More preferably, one end of the adapter 30 is provided with a first inner installation groove 314; one end of the end cap joint 11 is installed on the cylinder block 12, and the other end of the end cap joint 11 is installed in the first inner installation groove 314, and the adapter and the end cap joint are correspondingly provided with pin hole passages 60, and a pin is fixed on the pin hole passage. The above connection method of pin fixing is conducive to the disassembly and assembly of the impactor.

[0053] Specifically, both the adapter and the end cap joint are hexagonal joints, and the first inner installation groove is an inner hexagonal installation groove; the adapter arranged inside the outer tube is provided with inclined slag discharge hole passages, and the adapter is provided with a second slag discharge channel arranged axially and extending out of the outer tube. The slag discharge hole passages communicate the first slag discharge channel and the second slag discharge channel; a first air inlet channel is provided on the hexagonal outer circle of the adapter. In this solution, the inclined slag discharge hole passages are conducive to guiding the rock in the first slag discharge channel to the second slag discharge channel; at the same time, the assembly method of inserting and connecting the hexagonal joints and fixing with pins is conducive to the rapid installation of the impactor; see in detail Figure 3 and Figure 5 .

[0054] SeeFigure 3 and Figure 7 , as a preferred embodiment, the impactor of the present application further includes: a drill pipe joint 40 connected to the adapter 30; the drill pipe joint 40 is provided with a third air inlet passage 410 and a third slag discharge passage 411; the third air inlet passage is connected and communicated with the second air inlet passage, and the third slag discharge passage is connected and communicated with the second slag discharge passage; the drill pipe joint is used to connect an external drilling rig device. Refer to Figure 7 As shown, one end of the drill pipe joint 40 is provided with a second inner installation groove 412, the adapter is inserted into the second inner installation groove, and the corresponding positions of the drill pipe joint and the adapter are provided with a pin hole passage 60, and the pin hole passage is provided with a pin fixation; preferably, the drill pipe joint preferably adopts a hexagonal joint, and the second inner installation groove is an inner hexagonal installation groove.

[0055] The parts not described in detail above refer to the prior art. At the same time, the above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An impactor, characterized in that, Comprising: The impactor body, the outer tube and the adapter; The impactor body is arranged inside the outer tube, and the crushing end of the impactor body extends out of one end of the outer tube; A first slag discharge channel is formed between the impactor body and the outer tube; One end of the adapter is connected to the air inlet end of the impactor body. The adapter is provided with a first air inlet channel, and the first air inlet channel is communicated with the air inlet end of the impactor body; The other end of the adapter extends out of the other end of the outer tube. The adapter is provided with a second slag discharge channel, and the second slag discharge channel is communicated with the first slag discharge channel; The impactor body is used for impacting and crushing rocks. The compressed gas required for the piston in the impactor body to reciprocally impact flows in through the first air inlet channel of the adapter, and the rocks crushed by the impactor body are discharged through the first slag discharge channel and the second slag discharge channel of the adapter.

2. The impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impactor body includes: an end cap joint, a cylinder block, a check valve, a gas distribution seat, a piston and a drill bit; One end of the cylinder block is installed with the end cap joint. The end cap joint is provided with a second air inlet channel for air inlet of the impactor body. The first air inlet channel is communicated with the second air inlet channel, and the other end of the cylinder block is installed with the drill bit; The piston is movably installed inside the cylinder block. A gas distribution channel is formed between the piston and the cylinder block. The piston is provided with an axially penetrating air passage, and a front cavity is formed between the front end of the piston and the cylinder block, and a rear cavity is formed between the rear end of the piston and the cylinder block; The gas distribution seat is installed inside the cylinder block. The gas distribution seat is provided with a gas distribution seat air passage, and the gas distribution seat air passage is communicated with the gas distribution channel; A check valve is installed on the gas distribution seat, and the check valve is used for communicating the second air inlet channel and the gas distribution seat air passage; When the piston of the impactor body reciprocates inside the cylinder block, the gas distribution channel alternately communicates with the front cavity and the rear cavity.

3. The impactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, A bushing is provided inside the cylinder block near one end of the drill bit. When the piston moves into the bushing, the front cavity is closed; The drill bit is provided with a slag blowing hole channel communicated with the front cavity.

4. The impactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, A snap ring and a bit socket are provided inside one end of the cylinder block, and the drill bit is fixed to the end of the cylinder block through the snap ring and the bit socket.

5. The percussion drill according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, An annular convex block is provided at one end of the outer tube near the drill bit. The annular convex block extends the radial dimension of the end of the outer tube. An slag inlet area is formed between the annular convex block and the outer peripheral wall of the drill bit, and a slag inlet hole channel is provided on the end face of the outer tube at this end, and the slag inlet hole channel communicates the slag inlet area and the first slag discharge channel.

6. The impactor according to claim 5, wherein, The outer peripheral wall of the annular convex block is provided with a wear-resistant layer.

7. The percussion drill according to any one of claims 2-4 and 6, characterized in that, An inner annular convex block is provided at one end of the outer tube near the adapter. The inner annular convex block reduces the radial diameter of the end of the outer tube and forms a first stepped structure in the inner wall of the outer tube; The outer peripheral wall of the adapter is provided with a second stepped structure, and the second stepped structure and the first stepped structure are fitted and docked.

8. The impactor according to any one of claims 2-4 and 6, characterized in that, One end of the adapter is provided with a first inner installation groove; One end of the end cap joint is installed on the cylinder block, and the other end of the end cap joint is installed in the first inner installation groove. The adapter and the end cap joint are correspondingly provided with pin hole channels, and pins are fixed on the pin hole channels.

9. The impactor according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both the adapter and the end cap joint are hexagonal joints, and the first inner installation groove is an inner hexagonal installation groove; The adapter located inside the outer pipe is provided with inclined slag discharge channels, and the adapter is provided with a second slag discharge channel arranged axially and extending out of the outer pipe. The slag discharge channels communicate the first slag discharge channel and the second slag discharge channel; The hexagonal outer circle of the adapter is provided with a first air inlet channel.

10. The impactor according to claim 2, wherein, Comprising: A drill pipe joint connected to the adapter; the drill pipe joint is provided with a third air inlet channel and a third slag discharge channel; the third air inlet channel is butt-connected to communicate with the second air inlet channel, and the third slag discharge channel is butt-connected to communicate with the second slag discharge channel; the drill pipe joint is used to connect external drilling equipment.

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