A roof supporting device for mine construction

Abstract

The application discloses a roof supporting device for mine construction, and relates to the technical field of mine construction.The roof supporting device comprises a supporting roof and an anchor rod, a mounting hole for inserting and mounting the anchor rod is formed in the top of the supporting roof, a key hole is formed in the inside of the anchor rod, an installation screw rod is slidably connected to the inside of the key hole, and a detection spring is arranged between the installation screw rod and the inner wall of the key hole; the device further comprises a protection mechanism which can be mounted on the installation screw rod, the protection mechanism can be triggered when the installation screw rod slides relative to the anchor rod, and the protection mechanism can be supported between the supporting roof and the ground when the protection mechanism is closed.The anchor rod can be failed due to rock stratum loosening, the anchor rod can slide relative to the installation screw rod, the anchor rod can trigger the protection mechanism, the protection mechanism can be closed and supported between the inner wall of the supporting roof and the ground, and the protection mechanism can realize an emergency protection function, temporarily support the supporting roof, and ensure that the safety of the supporting roof is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining construction technology, specifically to a roof support device for mining construction. Background Technology

[0002] Mining construction engineering, also known as mine construction engineering, includes the construction of main and auxiliary shafts, ventilation shafts, bottom pits, water tanks, pump rooms, substations, waiting rooms and other chambers, as well as the main ventilation, transportation and pedestrian roadways, mining area access roads and other related mine infrastructure construction projects. In the construction of mining engineering, tunnels need to be supported. Tunnel support refers to the support structure set up during the tunnel excavation process to prevent deformation or collapse of the surrounding rock. The two most common types are component support and shotcrete support.

[0003] When the rock on the support roof becomes loose, the anchor bolts will lose their function, leading to the collapse of the support roof. However, the existing tunnel support only has a simple support function and does not have an emergency protection function. When the rock layer on the support roof becomes loose, the support roof cannot provide emergency protection, resulting in poor safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of poor stability and poor safety of the roof support structure. This invention provides a roof support device for mining construction.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A roof support device for mining construction includes a support roof and an anchor rod. The top of the support roof has an installation hole for inserting the anchor rod. The anchor rod has a key hole inside. An installation screw is slidably connected inside the key hole. A detection spring is provided between the installation screw and the inner wall of the key hole.

[0007] It also includes a protective mechanism that can be installed on the mounting screw. When the mounting screw slides relative to the mounting anchor, it can trigger the protective mechanism. When the protective mechanism is unfolded, it can be attached to the top of the support plate. When the protective mechanism is closed, it can be supported between the support plate and the ground.

[0008] Furthermore, the protective mechanism includes a mounting bracket that can be installed on a mounting screw. The mounting bracket has a threaded hole inside, and the mounting screw can be threaded into the threaded hole. Protective plates are hinged to both sides of the mounting bracket. It also includes a connecting rod hinged to the bottom of the mounting anchor. The connecting rod has an insertion hole inside, and a locking rod is slidably connected inside the insertion hole. A locking spring is provided between the locking rod and the inner wall of the sliding hole. A connecting bracket is provided on the top of both sets of protective plates. The connecting bracket has a locking hole inside that can be inserted into the locking rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the protective plate has a sliding hole and a locking hole on the side away from the mounting bracket. A locking rod is slidably connected inside the sliding hole, and a retaining spring is provided between the retaining rod and the sliding hole. A top bladder is provided between the side of the retaining rod away from the retaining spring and the inner wall of the sliding hole. The mounting screw has a through hole inside, and a pressure bladder is provided at the bottom of the threaded hole. The pressure bladder can be inserted into the through hole. The top bladder is connected to the pressure bladder through an air tube. A pressure rod that can be inserted into the through hole is provided at the top of the key hole.

[0010] Furthermore, a guide groove is provided on the outer side of the connecting rod, and the guide groove can contact the inner wall of the mounting hole when the protective mechanism is installed.

[0011] Furthermore, the protective plate has a storage cavity inside, the storage cavity has a collection port inside, and the guide groove has a moisture-guiding strip inside, the bottom end of the moisture-guiding strip passing through the collection port and inserted into the storage cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the installation anchor rods and the protective mechanism are linearly distributed, and the clamps and holes on adjacent protective mechanisms can be inserted into each other, and the radius of the clamp hole is larger than the radius of the clamp rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper surface of the lever is designed to be inclined.

[0014] Furthermore, the length of the protective plate is greater than the distance between the top of the support plate and the ground.

[0015] Furthermore, fixed anchor bolts are provided on the outer side of the support top plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. This invention utilizes the loosening of rock strata to cause the installation anchor bolt to fail, causing the installation anchor bolt to slide relative to the installation screw. The installation anchor bolt triggers the protective mechanism, which is then supported between the inner wall of the support top plate and the ground, activating the emergency protection function and providing temporary support for the support top plate, thus ensuring high safety of the support top plate.

[0018] 2. This invention. By pre-installing the installation anchor rods on the rock strata, and then installing the protective mechanism on the installation screw rod through the installation holes at the top of the support plate, the protective mechanism unfolds and adheres to the inner top of the support plate. By connecting multiple sets of protective mechanisms, the support strength of the support plate can be improved, and the support stability is high. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protection provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the anchor bolt according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the installation of the anchor bolts according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 5 Enlarged diagram of part A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the installation of the anchor bolt according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 7 Enlarged diagram of section B;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connecting rod of the present invention.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1. Support plate; 2. Mounting hole; 3. Fixed anchor bolt; 4. Installed anchor bolt; 5. Installed screw; 6. Detection spring; 7. Pressure rod; 8. Mounting frame; 9. Pressure bladder; 10. Protective plate; 11. Connecting frame; 12. Storage cavity; 13. Connecting rod; 14. Moisture-wicking strip; 15. Sliding hole; 16. Locking hole; 17. Locking rod; 18. Snap ring; 19. Top bladder; 20. Locking rod; 21. Locking spring. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figures 1-10 As shown, a roof support device for mining construction includes a support roof 1 and an installation anchor 4. The top of the support roof 1 is provided with an installation hole 2 for inserting the installation anchor 4. The installation anchor 4 is provided with a key hole inside. An installation screw 5 is slidably connected inside the key hole. A detection spring 6 is provided between the installation screw 5 and the inner wall of the key hole.

[0032] It also includes a protective mechanism that can be installed on the mounting screw 5. When the mounting screw 5 slides relative to the mounting anchor 4, it can trigger the protective mechanism. When the protective mechanism is unfolded, it can be attached to the top of the support plate 1. When the protective mechanism is closed, it can be supported between the support plate 1 and the ground.

[0033] During installation, the anchor rod 4 is first installed in the rock strata at the top of the tunnel, the support plate 1 is poured, and the installation hole 2 is opened on the top of the support plate 1 according to the position of the anchor rod 4. At this time, the installation screw 5 is inserted into the installation hole 2. Then, the protective mechanism is installed on the installation screw 5. After the installation is completed, the protective mechanism is unfolded and closely attached to the inner top of the support plate 1. Adjacent protective mechanisms are connected to support the support plate 1, improve the support strength of the support plate 1, and have high support stability.

[0034] When the rock strata loosen, the anchor bolt 4 fails. Under the action of the detection spring 6, the anchor bolt 4 slides relative to the installation screw 5. At this time, the protective mechanism is triggered and the protective mechanism closes. The protective mechanism is supported between the top of the support plate 1 and the ground, providing temporary support and reinforcement to the support plate 1. The support plate 1 has high safety.

[0035] like Figures 4-6 As shown, in some embodiments, the protective mechanism includes a mounting bracket 8 that can be mounted on the mounting screw 5. The mounting bracket 8 has a threaded hole inside, and the mounting screw 5 can be threaded into the threaded hole. Protective plates 10 are hinged to both sides of the mounting bracket 8. It also includes a connecting rod 13 hinged to the bottom of the mounting anchor 4. The connecting rod 13 has an insertion hole inside, and a locking rod 20 is slidably connected inside the insertion hole. A locking spring 21 is provided between the locking rod 20 and the inner wall of the sliding hole 15. A connecting bracket 11 is provided on the top of both sets of protective plates 10. The connecting bracket 11 has a locking hole inside that can be inserted into the locking rod 20.

[0036] When installing the protective mechanism, the two sets of protective plates 10 are brought together. The protective plates 10 act as handles for the mounting screws 5, eliminating the need for climbing and making installation convenient. Rotating the protective plates 10 causes the mounting frame 8 to rotate. The mounting frame 8 is threadedly connected to the mounting screws 5 through threaded holes. As the mounting frame 8 rotates and rests against the inner top of the support plate 1, the mounting screws 5 cannot rotate because they are slidably connected in the keyhole. The mounting frame 8 causes the mounting screws 5 to descend relative to the anchor rods 4. The mounting screws 5 stretch the detection spring 6, allowing the detection spring 6 to store sufficient elastic potential energy. When the rock layer becomes loose, the anchor rods 4 can slide relative to the mounting screws 5, ensuring stable detection. At the same time, under the elastic force of the detection spring 6, the mounting frame 8 provides support force to the support plate 1 through the mounting screws 5, and the anchor rods 4 provide support force to the support plate 1, ensuring stable support.

[0037] After the mounting bracket 8 is installed and stabilized, push the two sets of protective plates 10 to unfold. The two sets of protective plates 10 swing upward and stick to the inner top of the support top plate 1. The protective plates 10 drive the connecting bracket 11 to approach the connecting rod 13. At this time, press the locking rod 20 to slide into the insertion hole, and then press the connecting rod 13 into the connecting bracket 11. The locking rod 20 is inserted into the locking hole under the action of the locking spring 21, so that the protective plate 10 can be stably attached to the inner top of the support top plate 1, and start a stable supporting force on the support top plate 1, thus supporting stability.

[0038] When the rock strata become loose, the installation anchor 4 fails. Under the action of the detection spring 6, the installation anchor 4 slides relative to the installation screw 5. The installation anchor 4 slides downward and drives the connecting rod 13 to move downward. The connecting rod 13 drives the protective plate 10 to swing. The protective plate 10 swings downward and the two sets of protective plates 10 come together and are supported between the top of the support plate 1 and the ground, which ensures high safety in use.

[0039] like Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the protective plate 10 has a sliding hole 15 and a locking hole 16 on the side away from the mounting bracket 8. A locking rod 17 is slidably connected inside the sliding hole 15. A retaining spring 18 is provided between the locking rod 17 and the sliding hole 15. A top bladder 19 is provided between the side of the locking rod 17 away from the retaining spring 18 and the inner wall of the sliding hole 15. A through hole is provided inside the mounting screw 5. A pressure bladder 9 is provided at the bottom of the threaded hole. The pressure bladder 9 can be inserted into the through hole. The top bladder 19 is connected to the pressure bladder 9 through an air pipe. A pressure rod 7 is provided at the top of the key hole that can be inserted into the through hole.

[0040] By setting the lever 17 and the hole 16, the protective plates 10 on adjacent protective mechanisms can be connected together, providing high support stability.

[0041] When the rock strata loosen, the anchor bolt 4 fails. Under the action of the detection spring 6, the anchor bolt 4 slides relative to the installation screw 5 and slides downward. The anchor bolt 4 squeezes the pressure bladder 9 through the pressure rod 7. The pressure bladder 9 inflates the top bladder 19 through the air tube. The top bladder 19 drives the locking rod 17 away from the locking hole 16. At this time, the two sets of protective plates 10 can separate from each other. The anchor bolt 4 drives the connecting rod 13 to move downward. The connecting rod 13 drives the protective plate 10 to swing. The protective plate 10 swings downward and the two sets of protective plates 10 come together and are supported between the top of the support plate 1 and the ground. The safety of use is high.

[0042] like Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, a guide groove is provided on the outer side of the connecting rod 13, and the guide groove can contact the inner wall of the mounting hole 2 when the protective mechanism is installed.

[0043] The design of the diversion channel can drain the water from the top of the support slab 1, preventing water accumulation on the top of the support slab 1 and affecting the stability of the support.

[0044] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the protective plate 10 has a storage cavity 12 inside, the storage cavity 12 has a collection port inside, and the guide groove has a moisture-guiding strip 14 inside, with the bottom end of the moisture-guiding strip 14 passing through the collection port and inserted into the storage cavity 12.

[0045] The design of the moisture-wicking strip 14 allows water to be diverted into the storage chamber 12, which can collect the water and prevent it from dripping. At the same time, as the weight of the protective plate 10 increases due to water collection, the protective plate 10 can react more quickly in emergency situations, while providing more stable support and better protection.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the installation anchor 4 and the protective mechanism are linearly distributed, and the clamping rod 17 and clamping hole 16 on adjacent protective mechanisms can be inserted into each other, and the radius of the clamping hole 16 is larger than the radius of the clamping rod 17.

[0047] By designing the radius of the locking hole 16 to be larger than that of the locking rod 17, adjacent protective plates 10 can swing relative to each other at a certain angle without disengaging. This allows the connecting rod 13 to simultaneously drive the pressure bladder 9 when the installation anchor rod 4 slides downward relative to the installation screw 5. The pressure bladder 9 has a certain amount of compression space, allowing the locking rod 17 to smoothly move away from the locking hole 16. This ensures that the connecting rod 13 can drive the protective plate 10 to swing downward at a certain angle without affecting the continued downward sliding of the installation anchor rod 4, thus triggering stability.

[0048] like Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the upper surface of the lever 17 is designed to be inclined.

[0049] By tilting the upper surface of the lever 17, when adjacent protective plates 10 are brought together, the lever 17 can slide into the sliding hole 15 under the action of the protective plate 10, and the lever 17 can automatically engage in the locking hole 16 under the action of the retaining spring 18, ensuring a stable connection.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the length of the protective plate 10 is greater than the distance between the top of the support plate 1 and the ground.

[0051] This design ensures that when the protective plates 10 are brought together, there is a certain angle between the two sets of protective plates 10, forming a triangle between the two sets of protective plates 10 and the ground. The stability of the triangle is used to improve the support effect of the protective plates 10, providing high support stability. At the same time, it can prevent the protective plates 10 from failing to provide sufficient support due to ground loosening, ensuring stable operation.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, a fixed anchor rod 3 is provided on the outer side of the support top plate 1.

[0053] By using the fixed anchor bolt 3 in conjunction with the installed anchor bolt 4, the top plate 1 is supported with sufficient force and stable support during normal use.

[0054] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A roof support device for mining construction, comprising a roof support (1) and anchor bolts (4), characterized in that, The top of the support plate (1) is provided with an installation hole (2) for inserting and installing an anchor rod (4). The inside of the anchor rod (4) is provided with a key hole. An installation screw (5) is slidably connected inside the key hole. A detection spring (6) is provided between the installation screw (5) and the inner wall of the key hole. It also includes a protective mechanism that can be installed on the mounting screw (5). When the mounting screw (5) slides relative to the mounting anchor (4), it can trigger the protective mechanism. When the protective mechanism is unfolded, it can be attached to the top of the support plate (1). When the protective mechanism is closed, it can be supported between the support plate (1) and the ground. The protective mechanism includes a mounting bracket (8) that can be installed on a mounting screw (5). The mounting bracket (8) has a threaded hole inside, and the mounting screw (5) can be threaded into the threaded hole. Both sides of the mounting bracket (8) are hinged with protective plates (10). It also includes a connecting rod (13) hinged to the bottom of the mounting anchor (4). The connecting rod (13) has an insertion hole inside, and a locking rod (20) is slidably connected inside the insertion hole. A locking spring (21) is provided between the locking rod (20) and the inner wall of the sliding hole. The top of both sets of protective plates (10) is provided with a connecting bracket (11). The connecting bracket (11) has a locking hole inside that can insert the locking rod (20). The protective plate (10) has a sliding hole (15) and a locking hole (16) on the side away from the mounting bracket (8). A locking rod (17) is slidably connected inside the sliding hole (15). A retaining spring (18) is provided between the retaining rod (17) and the sliding hole (15). A top bladder (19) is provided between the side of the retaining rod (17) away from the retaining spring (18) and the inner wall of the sliding hole (15). A through hole is provided inside the mounting screw (5). A pressure bladder (9) is provided at the bottom of the threaded hole. The pressure bladder (9) can be inserted into the through hole. The top bladder (19) is connected to the pressure bladder (9) through an air pipe. A pressure rod (7) that can be inserted into the through hole is provided at the top of the key hole.

2. The roof support device for mining construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the connecting rod (13) is provided with a guide groove, and when the protective mechanism is installed, the guide groove can contact the inner wall of the mounting hole (2).

3. A roof support device for mining construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective plate (10) has a storage cavity (12) inside, and a collection port is provided inside the storage cavity (12). A moisture-wicking strip (14) is provided inside the guide groove. The bottom end of the moisture-wicking strip (14) passes through the collection port and is inserted into the storage cavity (12).

4. The roof support device for mining construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation anchor (4) is linearly distributed with the protective mechanism. The clamps (17) and clamp holes (16) on the adjacent protective mechanisms can be inserted into each other, and the radius of the clamp hole (16) is greater than the radius of the clamp (17).

5. A roof support device for mining construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper surface of the lever (17) is designed to be inclined.

6. A roof support device for mining construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length of the protective plate (10) is greater than the distance between the top of the support plate (1) and the ground.

7. A roof support device for mining construction according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Fixed anchor rods (3) are provided on the outer side of the support top plate (1).

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