Ring side air suction device

Abstract

The application discloses a ring side air suction device, which comprises an open-close ring side air suction cover and a telescopic sleeve connected with each other, the open-close ring side air suction cover can move along the horizontal direction through the inner and outer telescopic movement of the telescopic sleeve, the open-close ring side air suction cover comprises a left half cover and a right half cover, the left half cover and the right half cover are connected with the same end of the telescopic sleeve through rotating mechanisms respectively and can rotate inwards and outwards with the rotating mechanisms as the center to realize the opening or closing of the open-close ring side air suction cover, and the sidewall of the open-close ring side air suction cover is provided with a tail gas outlet communicated with the telescopic sleeve after the open-close ring side air suction cover is closed. The application can be applied to the tail gas collection in the whole operation process of the rare earth electrolytic smelting, such as the opening of the furnace, the feeding, the stirring, the product taking and the anode replacing, and can not only facilitate the production operation but also effectively collect the whole process tail gas, and can greatly reduce the operation power consumption compared with the common collection system, so that the energy saving and emission reduction are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of exhaust gas treatment and environmental management, and specifically relates to a ring-side suction device. Background Technology

[0002] The smelting of many non-ferrous metals, including rare earth metals, typically employs molten salt electrolysis. The conductive salts used are generally metal chlorides or metal fluorides. This electrolysis process generates a large amount of tail gas, including chlorine or fluorine-containing gases, and is accompanied by dust. In rare earth smelting, the use of chlorides as conductive salts results in large quantities of chlorine gas, causing severe pollution and high energy consumption; this process has been gradually phased out. Fluoride molten electrolysis is currently the mainstream process for rare earth metal electrolytic smelting. However, dust and fluorine-containing waste gas are still unavoidable in rare earth metal electrolytic smelting. Due to the unique nature of the rare earth electrolytic smelting production process, which involves multiple operations such as furnace start-up, feeding, electrolysis, stirring, product removal, and anode replacement, conventional fume hoods are insufficient to collect all the tail gas generated in each operation, easily leading to unorganized release of tail gas. If this released tail gas is not effectively collected and treated, it will not only severely pollute the environment but also endanger the health of workers.

[0003] In existing technologies, a common solution is to place the suction hood on top of the smelting furnace to absorb all the exhaust gas generated during operation, along with the surrounding air, before further treatment. However, this method presents numerous contradictions with actual production operations. If the furnace top suction hood is set too low, it will hinder production operations. When adding raw materials, removing products, or changing anodes, the suction hood must be moved, and exhaust gas cannot be effectively collected. If the furnace top suction hood is set too high, firstly, an extremely large air volume is required to ensure complete collection of exhaust gas, resulting in high investment, high energy consumption, and a heavy load on downstream processing. Secondly, it forces production workers to work under the suction hood throughout the entire operation, placing them within the space where exhaust gas is released and collected, which is detrimental to occupational health and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a ring-side suction device that is applicable to the collection of exhaust gases during all processes of rare earth electrolytic smelting, including furnace opening, feeding, stirring, product removal, and anode replacement. It not only facilitates production operations but also enables effective collection of exhaust gases throughout the entire process. Furthermore, it significantly reduces operating power consumption compared to ordinary collection systems, achieving energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A ring-shaped suction device mainly includes an openable ring-shaped suction hood and a telescopic sleeve connected to each other. The openable ring-shaped suction hood can move horizontally by extending and retracting the telescopic sleeve inward and outward. The openable ring-shaped suction hood includes a left half and a right half. The left and right half are respectively connected to the same end of the telescopic sleeve through a rotating mechanism and can rotate inward and outward around the rotating mechanism to realize the opening or closing of the openable ring-shaped suction hood. After the openable ring-shaped suction hood is closed, its side wall has an exhaust gas outlet that communicates with the telescopic sleeve.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the telescopic sleeve includes an inner telescopic tube and a fixed outer tube. The left and right suction hoods are respectively connected to the same end of the inner telescopic tube through a rotating mechanism. The other end of the inner telescopic tube is inserted into the fixed outer tube, and the other end of the fixed outer tube is connected to the exhaust channel, forming a side suction channel that sequentially passes through the openable ring side suction hood, the telescopic sleeve, and the exhaust channel.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the end of the telescopic sleeve connected to the left and right half-covers is configured as a flared structure that matches the shape and size of the exhaust outlet.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the rotating mechanism is a hinge or a pivot.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the left and right halves of the cover are axially symmetrical structures, constructed as a semi-enclosed structure consisting of arc-shaped sidewalls and a top surface; after the left and right halves are closed, the openable annular side suction cover is an open-top cylindrical cover structure, and the sidewall of the cover has an exhaust outlet that communicates with the telescopic sleeve.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the top surface of the left and right halves of the cover or the sidewalls away from the telescopic sleeve that are in contact with each other have a notch, so as to form a through hole for inserting an electrode rod after the left and right halves of the cover are closed.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, a movable cover is provided on the top surface of the left and right half covers or on the side wall away from the telescopic sleeve, so as to cover the gap between the through hole and the electrode rod as much as possible after the left and right half covers are closed.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the left and right halves of the cover are provided with a locking mechanism at the end away from the telescopic sleeve, for locking and fixing the left and right halves after they are closed.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, both the left and right halves of the cover are provided with an insulation layer, which is made of aluminum foil, magnesium aluminum silicate, or ceramic fiber.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the annular suction device also includes a discharge channel connected to the telescopic sleeve, the discharge channel being equipped with a fan.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) This invention, through the special structural design of the openable annular side suction hood, can achieve annular side suction. During use, due to the small gap between the edge of the suction hood and the upper operating platform of the smelting furnace, the exhaust gas source is relatively enclosed, greatly improving the collection effect. The distance between the suction port and the upper discharge port of the smelting furnace is relatively small, significantly reducing the amount of exhaust gas that needs to be drawn, which is beneficial to energy saving and emission reduction of the exhaust gas treatment system. Through this annular side suction method, regardless of whether the suction hood is open or closed, the side suction method can ensure uninterrupted collection of exhaust gas during normal operation and operation. Furthermore, since the openable annular side suction hood absorbs exhaust gas in the opposite direction to the operators, it can effectively ensure the safety of the operators.

[0018] (2) The present invention can move the openable annular side suction hood inside and outside by means of a telescopic sleeve used in conjunction with the openable annular side suction hood. During multiple operations such as furnace opening, feeding, electrolysis, stirring, product removal, and anode replacement, the openable annular side suction hood can be moved to the outside of the smelting furnace, which can ensure the suction effect while also facilitating operation.

[0019] (3) To facilitate operation, the present invention provides heat insulation material on the outer periphery of the openable ring-side suction hood, which has heat insulation function. On the one hand, it can output heat through the exhaust gas channel, greatly reducing heat radiation and making the working environment more friendly; on the other hand, it can also effectively avoid high temperature injury during operation, which is conducive to protecting the health of production workers; at the same time, the collected heat energy can also be used for heat exchange and other process operations. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view of an openable ring-type side suction device;

[0021] Figure 2 Top view of the opening and closing ring-shaped side suction device Figure 1 (Open);

[0022] Figure 3 Top view of the opening and closing ring-shaped side suction device Figure 2 (Closed state);

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the insulation structure of an openable ring-shaped air intake hood. Specific Implementation

[0024] Combination Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the embodiment, an openable annular side suction device is disclosed, which mainly includes an openable annular side suction hood 1, an inner telescopic tube 2, a fixed outer tube 3, an exhaust pipe 4, and a fan 5.

[0025] The openable annular side suction hood 1 is arranged directly above the electrolytic melting furnace 6, mainly composed of two halves: a left half hood 1A and a right half hood 1B. Both the left and right halves are semi-enclosed structures formed by arc-shaped sidewalls and a flat top surface, arranged axially symmetrically. In the closed state, the adjacent sides of the left and right halves fit tightly together. The openable annular side suction hood 1 is an overall cylindrical structure with an open-topped shape. The sidewall of the hood structure has a rectangular opening, serving as the exhaust outlet 1C for the openable annular side suction hood 1. In other embodiments, the left and right halves can also be two approximately 1 / 4 spherical structures, forming an approximately hemispherical structure with side openings when closed. Each of the adjacent top edges of the left and right halves has a semi-circular notch 1D. In the closed state, the two notches 1D meet to form a circular through-hole for the cathode 7 of the melting furnace to pass through. Of course, the through-hole can also be of other shapes, as long as it meets the requirements for cathode penetration. Furthermore, movable covers 1E can be installed at the openings 1D of the left and right halves of the cover. When the movable covers 1E of the left and right halves of the cover are closed during operation, the overflow of exhaust gas between the cathode and the circular through hole can be further reduced.

[0026] The left and right halves of the hood, near the exhaust outlet 1C, are respectively connected to the internal telescopic tube via a rotating mechanism 1G, allowing the left and right halves to rotate inward and outward around a hinge, thus opening or closing the openable annular suction hood 1. The rotating mechanism 1G can be a hinge or a rotating shaft, etc. The other end of the left and right halves is equipped with a locking mechanism 1F (not shown in the figure). In the closed state, the locking mechanism 1F can lock the left and right halves in place to prevent the suction hood from not sealing properly and drawing in too much air, thus increasing the exhaust gas processing volume. The locking mechanism 1F can be a steel insert coupled to each other or a snap-fit ​​mechanism.

[0027] Both the inner telescopic tube 2 and the fixed outer tube 3 are arranged horizontally and are square tubes to match the shape of the exhaust outlet 1C of the openable annular side suction hood 1. Of course, in other embodiments, they can also be designed as round tubes or other shapes, as long as they match the shape of the exhaust outlet 1C. One end of the inner telescopic tube 2 is connected to the left and right halves of the hood via a rotating mechanism 1G, and the other end is inserted into the fixed outer tube 3, allowing it to extend and retract axially within the fixed outer tube 3, thereby driving the horizontal movement of the openable annular side suction hood 1. Preferably, the end of the inner telescopic tube 2 connected to the openable annular side suction hood 1 has a flared structure, the shape of which matches the exhaust outlet 1C formed when the openable annular side suction hood 1 is closed. The fixed outer tube 3 can be fixed to the wall 8 by a steel structure bracket or concrete, and the other end is connected to the exhaust pipe 4 via a fan 5.

[0028] Combination Figure 4As shown, the outer periphery of the openable annular side suction hood 1 is also provided with a heat insulation layer 1H. The heat insulation layer 1H can be specifically designed with an aluminum foil layer plus aluminum magnesium silicate and ceramic fiber. The heat insulation layer 1H can effectively isolate the temperature inside the melting furnace from the conduction to the outer wall of the openable annular side suction hood 1, protecting the safety of the operators.

[0029] In workshops with multiple suction devices, the exhaust gases collected by each device are typically converged into a main channel, with only one high-power fan installed in the main channel. This main channel has a wind pressure of 2000–4000 Pa, which poses a risk of interference between smelting furnaces and also results in low collection efficiency and high operating energy consumption. Therefore, this invention also equips each annular suction device with a separate low-power fan 5, i.e., a branch fan. This branch fan collects the exhaust gases from the corresponding smelting furnace and then discharges them into the main channel via an exhaust pipe. The main fan in the main channel then draws the exhaust gases to the exhaust gas treatment system for subsequent dust removal and defluorination. In this invention, the wind pressure of both the branch fans and the main fan is within the range of 300–2000 Pa, with the branch fan's pressure being lower than the main fan's. The specific settings can be adjusted according to actual operating conditions to create a negative pressure environment within the system.

[0030] In practical applications, when the smelting furnace undergoes operations such as furnace opening, feeding, electrolysis, stirring, product removal, and anode replacement, the left half 1A and right half 1B of the openable ring-side suction hood 1 are first opened. Depending on the complexity of the actual operation, the internal telescopic tube 2 can be moved to move the openable ring-side suction hood 1 horizontally back and forth. At this time, the exhaust gas generated by the smelting furnace 10 will be basically absorbed laterally by the openable ring-side suction hood 1. Furthermore, since the openable ring-side suction hood 1 absorbs the exhaust gas in the opposite direction to the operators, it can effectively ensure the safety of the operators.

[0031] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In other embodiments, for example, with the melting furnace as the center and the electrode and the suction hood fixing pipe placed on both sides, the top surface of the openable annular suction hood is fully enclosed, and no notch for inserting the electrode is provided on the top surface. The electrode passes through the side wall of the suction hood, specifically on the side wall away from the telescopic sleeve. In this case, a notch is left at the electrode position when the suction hood is closed, to ensure that the suction hood does not overlap with the electrode.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments and application fields described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, guided by this specification, can make many other forms without departing from the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention, and all of these are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ring side air suction device, characterized by: The utility model discloses a side suction hood of open-close ring, which comprises a side suction hood of open-close ring connected with each other and a telescopic sleeve, the side suction hood of open-close ring can move along the horizontal direction through the telescopic sleeve, the side suction hood of open-close ring comprises a left half cover and a right half cover, the left half cover and the right half cover are connected with the same end of the telescopic sleeve through a rotating mechanism respectively and can rotate in and out with the rotating mechanism as the center to realize the opening or closing of the side suction hood of open-close ring, and the side wall of the side suction hood of open-close ring has an exhaust outlet communicated with the telescopic sleeve after the closing of the side suction hood of open-close ring. The side suction hood of open-close ring has a through hole for penetrating an electrode rod, and the left half cover and the right half cover are provided with locking mechanisms at the ends away from the telescopic sleeve for locking and fixing after the closing of the left half cover and the right half cover. The telescopic sleeve comprises an inner telescopic pipe and a fixed outer sleeve pipe, and the left half cover and the right half cover are connected with the same end of the inner telescopic pipe through a rotating mechanism, and the other end of the inner telescopic pipe is inserted into the fixed outer sleeve pipe. The utility model also comprises a discharge channel connected with the other end of the fixed outer sleeve pipe of the telescopic sleeve, forming a side suction channel sequentially through the side suction hood of open-close ring, the telescopic sleeve and the discharge channel to absorb the exhaust gas to the opposite direction of the operator. The discharge channel is provided with a fan, the air pressure of the fan is within 300-2000 Pa and is less than the air pressure of the main fan in the main channel communicated with the side suction channel to form a negative pressure environment in the side suction channel.

2. The ring side air suction device according to claim 1, wherein: The end of the telescopic sleeve connected with the left half cover and the right half cover is configured as an expanded structure matched with the shape and size of the exhaust outlet.

3. The ring side air suction device according to claim 1, wherein: The rotating mechanism is a hinge or a rotating shaft.

4. The ring side air suction device according to claim 1, wherein: The left half cover and the right half cover are axisymmetric structures and are configured as a semi-closed structure composed of an arc-shaped side wall and a top surface, and the side suction hood of open-close ring is a cylindrical cover body structure with an open top after the closing of the left half cover and the right half cover, and the side wall of the cover body has an exhaust outlet communicated with the telescopic sleeve.

5. The ring side air suction device according to claim 1, wherein: The top surface of the left half cover and the right half cover or the side contacting away from the telescopic sleeve has a gap to form a through hole for penetrating the electrode rod after the closing of the left half cover and the right half cover.

6. The ring side air suction device according to claim 1, wherein: The top surface of the left half cover and the right half cover or the side contacting away from the telescopic sleeve is provided with a movable cover to cover the gap between the through hole and the electrode rod as much as possible after the closing of the left half cover and the right half cover.

7. The ring side air suction device according to claim 1, wherein: The outer periphery of the left half cover and the right half cover is provided with a heat preservation layer, and the heat preservation layer is made of aluminum foil, magnesium aluminum silicate or ceramic fiber.

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