The invention relates to a penetrating shaft unit structure. The penetrating shaft unit structure comprises a penetrating shaft, a clamping ring, a check ring, an oil seal, an oil seal seat, an O-shaped ring, a refueling screw plug, a bearing, a bearing seat and an oil discharging screw plug; the left side and the right side of the lower end of the penetrating shaft are connected with a transmission shaft through bolts; the oil seal is arranged in a small circular hole in the bearing seat, and the bearing is arranged in a large circular hole of the bearing seat; the oil discharging screw plugis in threaded connection with the two sides of the bearing seat, and an inner hole of the check ring is in interference fit with the outer diameter of the penetrating shaft; the clamping ring is loaded into an annular groove of the penetrating shaft, and a circular male end of the oil seal seat of the O-shaped ring is loaded into a circular female end of the bearing seat; and the outer diameter of the oil seal is loaded into an inner hole of the oil seal seat. According to the penetrating shaft unit structure, penetrating shaft units are independently and separately packed and then are assembled on a reducer assembly in an assembly mode, so that the assembling cycle time is shortened, assembling efficiency is improved, an independent lubricating mechanism, an independent sealing mechanism, and an independent refueling and oil releasing mechanism are included, and reliability is improved.