The invention relates to a lithium ion battery electrolyte. The electrolyte comprises a lithium salt, a solvent and a first additive, wherein based on 100 parts by weight of the electrolyte, the content of the first additive is 1-10 parts by weight, the first additive contains a compound shown as a formula (I): CxF<2x+1>Oy-A-R, and the weight-average molecular weight of the compound is 2000-5000;x and y are integers, x is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6, y is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, A is a perfluoropolyether group, and R is selected fromone or more of a partially-fluorinated or completely-fluorinated alkyl alcohol group, an alkyl amide group, an alkyl acyl group, an alkyl amine group, an alkenyl carboxylate group and a siloxane group. The lithium ion battery containing the electrolyte disclosed by the invention is good in safety performance, and other electrochemical properties of the lithium ion battery can be ensured to be stable.