Composite insulation board, insulated structural wall and structural wall insulation system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a composite insulation board, an insulated structural wall and a structural wall insulation system. The composite insulation board includes a back plate, a facing material, vertical fasteners and horizontal fasteners. A plurality of facing materials are fixedly arranged on the front surface of the back plate. Vertical slots are respectively formed on the left and right side surfaces of the facing material. Vertical gaps are left between two horizontally adjacent facing materials. The vertical fasteners are placed in the vertical gaps, and the two side portions of the vertical fasteners are respectively inserted into the vertical slots. Any two vertically adjacent facing materials are horizontally offset and a horizontal gap is left therebetween. Horizontal slots are respectively formed on the upper and lower end surfaces of the facing material. The horizontal fasteners are placed in the horizontal gaps, and the two side portions of the horizontal fasteners are respectively inserted into the horizontal slots. A through slot is vertically formed on the back surface of the facing material. The vertical fastener is provided with a through hole. The through slot is communicated with the through hole so that the composite insulation board has a plurality of ventilation and drainage structures. By providing the ventilation and drainage structures, the present application solves the problems of cracking, hollowing and peeling caused by waterproof failure structurally.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of exterior wall thermal insulation, and specifically relates to a composite thermal insulation board, a thermal insulation structural wall, and a structural wall thermal insulation system. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, there are four major "pain points" in exterior wall thermal insulation, namely: cracking, hollowing, and peeling; being thermally insulated but not flame-retardant; being flame-retardant but not meeting the building energy-saving thermal insulation requirements; being flame-retardant and thermally insulated but without decorative and durable functions.

[0003] Traditional decorative thermal insulation boards are made by factory-combining decorative and thermal insulation materials into large decorative thermal insulation integrated boards. During construction, the connection with the building structural wall and the coordination of structural deformation and temperature deformation are achieved by means of bonding, hanging parts, anchoring, and caulking at the joints. Among them, the bonding, hanging part, and anchoring processes need to be completed on-site. A large number of on-site operations and waterproof failure are the main reasons for cracking, hollowing, and peeling. The side effects are large and the installation operation is extremely inconvenient. Excessive attention to thermal insulation and reduction of the material's thermal conductivity coefficient make it impossible to unify the two indicators of flame retardancy and thermal insulation for the decorative thermal insulation integrated board, resulting in a large number of fires on building exterior walls.

[0004] There is a contradictory relationship between the thermal conductivity coefficient (a key thermal insulation indicator) and the strength of thermal insulation materials. Materials with a low thermal conductivity coefficient often have low strength, which leads to the inability to effectively combine durable decorative materials (such as clay bricks and stones) with thermal insulation materials, and the bonding strength is low. The transfer process damages the surface of the facing material and the through holes, and there is a large waterproof hidden danger.

[0005] Therefore, traditional decorative thermal insulation boards have the following deficiencies;

[0006] 1. Traditional composite decorative thermal insulation integrated boards do not have a drainage and ventilation structure themselves, and cracking, hollowing, and peeling problems are likely to occur after the material waterproofing fails.

[0007] 2. The current construction method requires a large number of installation operation processes on-site. On-site operations rely on the standardized operation of skilled workers. For large-scale engineering projects with a large area, high-quality control cannot be achieved by manual operation. Quality failure leads to the peeling, hollowing, and cracking of the decorative thermal insulation integrated board after it is installed on the wall, resulting in safety accidents;

[0008] 3. China has a vast territory, and there are differences in climate between the north and the south. The exterior wall heat insulation structure helps building energy conservation in summer and is applicable to southern regions. Excessive attention to the thermal insulation performance requirements for exterior walls in building energy conservation leads to a contradictory relationship between material thermal insulation and flame retardancy, and frequent exterior wall fires;

[0009] 4. Materials with a low thermal conductivity coefficient often have low strength, resulting in low connection strength between the facing material and the thermal insulation base material; using the transfer process will damage the surface of the facing material and the through holes, and additional waterproof hidden dangers will be generated.

[0010] 5. Traditional composite decorative insulation integrated panels are mostly large-sized (600mm * 800mm) structures. To adapt to structural deformation and temperature deformation, sealant needs to be applied at the joints. The sealant has good deformation performance but poor durability. After the sealant ages, it will cause the failure of exterior wall insulation and waterproofing, and further lead to the detachment of the insulation panel.

[0011] In addition, the conventional building energy conservation blindly seeks technical solutions to the above problems by reducing the thermal conductivity of insulation materials or increasing the wall thickness, which is not economically feasible. Summary of the Invention

[0012] In view of this, the present application proposes a composite insulation panel with a ventilation and drainage structure to solve the problems of wall insulation and prevent waterproofing failure by reducing the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the wall, which has better economic value.

[0013] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0014] A composite insulation panel includes a backboard, a facing material, vertical fasteners, and horizontal fasteners. A plurality of facing materials are fixedly attached to the front surface of the backboard. Among them, vertical slots are respectively formed on the left and right sides of the facing material, and a vertical gap is left between any two horizontally adjacent facing materials. The vertical fasteners are placed in the vertical gap, and both sides of the vertical fasteners are respectively inserted into the corresponding vertical slots. Any two vertically adjacent facing materials are horizontally offset and a horizontal gap is left therebetween. Horizontal slots are respectively formed on the upper and lower ends of the facing material. The horizontal fasteners are placed in the horizontal gap, and both sides of the horizontal fasteners are respectively inserted into the corresponding horizontal slots. A through slot is vertically formed on the back surface of the facing material, and the vertical fastener is provided with a through hole. The through slot is communicated with the through hole to make the composite insulation panel have a plurality of ventilation and drainage structures.

[0015] Optionally, the through slot is formed on the midline of the back surface of the facing material.

[0016] Optionally, convex portions are provided at upper and lower intervals on one side of the backboard, and concave openings are provided at upper and lower intervals on the other side of the backboard. Two horizontally adjacent backboards are connected by inserting and mating the convex portions with the concave openings.

[0017] Optionally, an upper rabbet is provided on the upper end surface of the backboard, and a lower rabbet is provided on the lower end surface of the backboard. Two vertically adjacent backboards are connected by mating the upper rabbet with the lower rabbet.

[0018] Optionally, the vertical fastener and / or the horizontal fastener are provided with a plurality of through holes for passing through fixing members.

[0019] Optionally, the horizontal gap and the vertical gap are both filled with a caulking material covering the vertical fastener and the horizontal fastener.

[0020] Optionally, both the vertical fasteners and the horizontal fasteners are rust-proof metal parts.

[0021] Optionally, it further includes a keel, and the keel is connected to the back plate through a plurality of fixing parts passing through the perforations.

[0022] This application also discloses a heat-insulating structural wall, which includes a structural wall body, a keel, and the composite heat-insulating board described in any one of the above items. The structural wall body is pre-embedded with a keel, and the composite heat-insulating board is fixed on the keel through fixing parts passing through the perforations.

[0023] This application also discloses a structural wall heat-insulating system, which includes an air vent pipeline and the above heat-insulating structural wall. The air vent pipeline is arranged underground or in water around the structural wall body. One end of the air vent pipeline close to the structural wall body is a cold air outlet, and the other end of the air vent pipeline far from the structural wall body is an air inlet. The air inlet holes of the composite heat-insulating board at the bottommost part of the structural wall body are communicated with the cold air outlet, and air outlet holes are reserved at the top of the structural wall body or at the top of the window sill.

[0024] Advantages of this application:

[0025] For the composite heat-insulating board of this application, preset through grooves and through holes are provided, and the through holes are communicated with the through grooves, which can enable the heat-insulating board itself to have multiple drainage and ventilation structures, realizing the solution of problems such as cracking, hollowing, and peeling caused by waterproof failure from the structure, while reducing on-site construction procedures and improving the durability of the caulking materials; in addition, the drainage and ventilation structures can be used as pipelines for ventilation and water drainage of other devices to achieve different functions. For example, the drainage and ventilation structures cooperate with the active air supply system to neutralize the external temperature and the external wall temperature, reduce the temperature difference between the inner and outer sides of the external wall, and improve the thermal resistance efficiency of the external wall, achieving the purpose of building energy conservation.

[0026] For the structural wall heat-insulating system of this application, the sunlight irradiates and heats the surface material, and the heat conduction of the surface material makes the air in the ventilation and water drainage structures heat up, forming a trend of hot air rising and air flow. At the same time, the upward air flow can enable the underground cold air to enter the ventilation and drainage structures, further achieving the effect of neutralizing the external high temperature and playing a role of natural heat insulation. Further, introducing cold air into the air vent pipeline can further improve the neutralizing effect. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the composite heat-insulating board in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the front view of

[0029] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the side view of

[0030] Figure 4It is a schematic structural diagram (side view) of the composite insulation board in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram (side view) of the insulation wall in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram (side view) of the insulation wall in Embodiment 4 of the present application;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the structural wall insulation system in Embodiment 5 of the present application.

[0034] Back plate 10, convex part 11, notch 12, upper rabbet 13, lower rabbet 14, facing material 20, vertical card slot 21, vertical gap 22, horizontal card slot 23, horizontal gap 24, through slot 25, vertical fastener 30, horizontal fastener 40, fixing member 50, keel 60, structural wall 70, ventilation pipeline 80. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , a composite insulation board, including a back plate 10, a facing material 20, a vertical fastener 30 and a horizontal fastener 40.

[0038] As Figure 1 shown, multiple facing materials 20 are fixedly attached to the front surface of the back plate 10. Specifically, the facing material 20 is fixed to the back plate 10 through an adhesive. The facing material 20 is preferably a ceramic tile or a stone material. Vertical card slots 21 are respectively formed on the left and right side surfaces of the facing material 20. A vertical gap 22 is provided between any two horizontally adjacent facing materials 20. A vertical fastener 30 is provided in each vertical gap 22, and both sides of the vertical fastener 30 are respectively inserted into the corresponding vertical card slots 21, so that any two horizontally adjacent facing materials 20 are horizontally clamped to each other;

[0039] Any two vertically adjacent facing materials 20 are horizontally offset and a horizontal gap 24 is provided therebetween. Horizontal card slots 23 are respectively formed on the upper and lower end surfaces of the facing material 20. A horizontal fastener 40 is provided in each horizontal gap 24, and both sides of the horizontal fastener 40 are respectively inserted into the corresponding horizontal card slots 23, so that any two vertically adjacent facing materials 20 are vertically clamped to each other;

[0040] Preferably, both the vertical fastener 30 and the horizontal fastener 40 are metal parts, preferably stainless steel metal parts or aluminum alloy metal parts. Among them, the aluminum alloy metal parts have stable structure, high strength and low cost.

[0041] A through slot 25 is vertically formed on the back surface of the facing material 20, and the vertical fastener 30 is provided with a through hole. The through slot 25 communicates with the through hole, enabling the composite insulation board to have multiple ventilation and drainage structures.

[0042] For the composite insulation board of the present application, a through slot 25 is preset and a through hole is provided. The through hole communicates with the through slot 25, enabling the insulation board itself to have multiple drainage and ventilation structures, thus solving the problems of cracking, hollowing, and peeling caused by waterproof failure structurally. At the same time, the on-site construction procedures are reduced, and the durability of the joint material is improved. On the other hand, the drainage and ventilation structure can be used as a pipeline for ventilation and water flow of other devices to achieve different functions. Specifically, the drainage and ventilation structure cooperates with the active air supply system to neutralize the external temperature and the external wall temperature, reduce the temperature difference between the inner and outer sides of the external wall, and improve the thermal resistance efficiency of the external wall, achieving the purpose of building energy conservation.

[0043] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the through slot 25 is formed on the center line of the back surface of the facing material 20, that is, the through slot 25 passes through the center of the back surface of the facing material 20. This design facilitates the communication between the through slot 25 and the through hole, and at the same time makes the layout of the facing material 20 more beautiful.

[0044] In an optional embodiment of the present application, convex portions 11 are provided at upper and lower intervals on one side of the back plate 10, and concave openings 12 are provided at upper and lower intervals on the other side of the back plate 10. Two horizontally adjacent back plates 10 are connected by inserting and mating the convex portions 11 with the concave openings 12. Preferably, both the convex portions 11 and the concave openings 12 are square structures, and the joint between the front side of the convex portion 11 and the side wall is rounded, which can facilitate quick insertion. An upper rabbet 13 is provided on the upper end surface of the back plate 10, and a lower rabbet 14 is provided on the lower end surface of the back plate 10. Two vertically adjacent back plates 10 are joined by mating the upper rabbet 13 with the lower rabbet 14. The provision of the upper rabbet 13 and the lower rabbet 14 facilitates the mutual docking of the back plates 10 arranged vertically, thereby increasing the integrity of multiple back plates 10.

[0045] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the vertical fastener 30 and / or the horizontal fastener 40 are provided with a plurality of through holes for passing through the fasteners 50. The fasteners 50 are preferably rivets, self-tapping screws, and anchor bolts. The composite insulation board can be fixed to the keel embedded or externally installed in the structural wall through the fasteners 50 passing through the through holes.

[0046] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the horizontal gap 24 and the vertical gap 22 are both filled with a caulking material covering the vertical fastener 30 and the horizontal fastener 40. The caulking material uses an inorganic expansion caulking agent, and the inorganic expansion caulking agent can absorb the deformation stress of the facing material 20 and solve the contradiction between the durability of the joint filling material and the deformation of the facing material 20.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] As Figure 4As shown in the figure, the present application provides a composite insulation board based on Embodiment 1, which includes a keel 60. The keel 60 and the backboard 10 are connected by a plurality of fixing members 50 passing through the perforations. The fixing members 50 are preferably rivets. The composite insulation board with this structure and the keel 60 are an integral structure and are installed on the structural wall at the same time.

[0049] Embodiment 3

[0050] As Figure 5 shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a thermal insulation structural wall based on Embodiment 1, which includes a structural wall body 70 and the composite insulation board of the keel 60 in Embodiment 1. The structural wall body 70 is pre-embedded with the keel 60, and the composite insulation board is fixed on the keel 60 through the fixing members 50 passing through the perforations.

[0051] Embodiment 4

[0052] As Figure 6 shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a thermal insulation structural wall based on Embodiment 1. The composite insulation board is directly fixed on the structural wall body 70 through an adhesive and the fixing members 50.

[0053] Embodiment 5

[0054] As Figure 7 shown in the figure, a structural wall thermal insulation system includes an air vent pipeline 80 and the thermal insulation structural wall of Embodiment 4. The air vent pipeline 80 is arranged underground or in water around the structural wall body 70. One end of the air vent pipeline 80 close to the structural wall body 70 is a cold air outlet, and the other end of the air vent pipeline 80 far from the structural wall body 70 is an air inlet. The air inlet hole of the composite insulation board at the bottom of the structural wall body 70 is communicated with the cold air outlet, and an air outlet is reserved at the top of the structural wall body 70 or the top of the window sill.

[0055] In this embodiment, for a structural wall thermal insulation system, the sunlight radiation heats the surface material 20. The heat conduction of the surface material 20 makes the air in the air and water ventilation structure warm up, forming a trend of hot air rising and air flow. At the same time, the upward flow of air can make the underground cold air enter the air and water drainage structure, further achieving the effect of neutralizing the external high temperature and forming a natural heat insulation function. Further, introducing cold air into the air vent pipeline 80 can further improve the neutralizing effect.

[0056] The installation method of the above structural wall thermal insulation system includes the following steps:

[0057] S10. Prefabricate the backboard 10, the surface material 20, the vertical clamping members 30 and the horizontal clamping members 40 into one body in the factory;

[0058] Among them, S10 includes the following specific steps:

[0059] S11. Cut the whole cement board or magnesium oxychloride board into the backboard 10 with the designed shape and size. One end of the backboard 10 has a convex end and the other end has a notch 12;

[0060] S12. Fix the facing material 20 with horizontal slots 23 and vertical slots 21 to the backboard 10 through an adhesive.

[0061] S13. Insert vertical bars into the vertical slots 21 between the facing materials 20, and insert horizontal bars into the horizontal slots 23 between the facing materials 20 to form a thermal insulation board body.

[0062] S20. Fix the prefabricated structure in S10 to the keel 60 of the structural wall 70 through a fixing member 50 passing through the perforations, and fill the gap where the fixing member 50 is located with a caulking material to make it flush with the front surface of the facing material 20.

[0063] S30. Arrange an air vent pipeline 80 underground or in water around the structural wall 70. One end of the air vent pipeline 80 close to the structural wall 70 is a cold air outlet, and the other end of the air vent pipeline 80 far from the structural wall 70 is an air inlet. The drainage and ventilation structure of the part of the composite thermal insulation board at the bottom of the structural wall 70 is communicated with the cold air outlet;

[0064] Specifically, the air vent pipeline 80 is arranged at a position with a large temperature difference from the external air, such as below 0.5 below the ground surface.

[0065] S40. Reserve air vents at the top of the structural wall 70 or at the top of the window sill.

[0066] Above, the technical solutions of the present application have been introduced in detail in combination with specific embodiments. The described specific embodiments are used to help understand the idea of the present application. The derivations and deformations made by those skilled in the art based on the specific embodiments of the present application also fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite insulation board, characterized in that: It includes a backboard (10), a facing material (20), vertical fasteners (30) and horizontal fasteners (40). A plurality of facing materials (20) are fixedly attached to the front surface of the backboard (10). Among them, vertical slots (21) are respectively formed on the left and right side surfaces of the facing material (20). A vertical gap (22) is provided between any two horizontally adjacent facing materials (20). The vertical fasteners (30) are placed in the vertical gap (22), and both sides of the vertical fasteners (30) are respectively inserted into the corresponding vertical slots (21). Any two vertically adjacent facing materials (20) are horizontally offset and a horizontal gap (24) is provided therebetween. Horizontal slots (23) are respectively formed on the upper and lower end surfaces of the facing material (20). The horizontal fasteners (40) are placed in the horizontal gap (24), and both sides of the horizontal fasteners (40) are respectively inserted into the corresponding horizontal slots (23). A through slot (25) is vertically formed on the back surface of the facing material (20). The vertical fastener (30) is provided with a through hole. The through slot (25) communicates with the through hole so that the composite insulation board has multiple ventilation and drainage structures.

2. The composite insulation board according to claim 1, wherein The through slot (25) is formed on the midline of the back surface of the facing material (20).

3. The composite insulation board according to claim 1, wherein Convex portions (11) are provided at upper and lower intervals on one side of the backboard (10), and concave openings (12) are provided at upper and lower intervals on the other side of the backboard (10). Two horizontally adjacent backboards (10) are connected by inserting and mating the convex portions (11) with the concave openings (12).

4. The composite insulation board according to claim 1, wherein An upper rabbet (13) is provided on the upper end surface of the backboard (10), and a lower rabbet (14) is provided on the lower end surface of the backboard (10). Two vertically adjacent backboards (10) are joined together by mating the upper rabbet (13) with the lower rabbet (14).

5. The composite insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical fasteners (30) and / or the horizontal fasteners (40) are provided with a plurality of perforations for passing through fixing members (50).

6. The composite insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sealing materials covering the vertical fasteners (30) and the horizontal fasteners (40) are filled in both the horizontal gap (24) and the vertical gap (22).

7. The composite insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the vertical fasteners (30) and the horizontal fasteners (40) are rust-proof metal parts.

8. The composite insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a keel (60). The keel (60) is connected to the backboard (10) by a plurality of fixing members (50) passing through the perforations.

9. A heat-insulating structural wall, characterized in that, It includes a structural wall (70), a keel (60) and the composite insulation board according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The structural wall (70) is pre-embedded with a keel (60). The composite insulation board is fixed to the keel (60) by fixing members (50) passing through the perforations.

10. A structural wall insulation system, characterized in that: It includes an air vent pipeline (80) and the thermal insulation structural wall according to claim 9. The air vent pipeline (80) is arranged underground or in water around the structural wall (70). One end of the air vent pipeline (80) close to the structural wall (70) is a cold air outlet, and the other end of the air vent pipeline (80) far from the structural wall (70) is an air inlet. The air inlet hole of the composite insulation board at the bottommost part of the structural wall (70) communicates with the cold air outlet, and an air outlet is reserved at the top of the structural wall (70) or at the top of the window sill.

Images