Coal seam roof reinforcement structure and method for preventing coal seam roof from caving

Abstract

The present invention provides a coal seam roof reinforcement structure and a method for preventing the caving of the coal seam roof. The coal seam roof reinforcement structure includes: a first reinforcement member, which includes a first connecting member and a plurality of first anchor cables; the first anchor cables are arranged side by side in sequence, and the first ends of the first anchor cables are all used to penetrate into the coal seam roof along a first direction, and the second ends of the first anchor cables are all connected through the first connecting member; a plurality of conduits, the conduits are arranged side by side in sequence, and the first ends of the conduits are all used to penetrate into the coal seam roof along a second direction. The coal seam roof reinforcement structure provided by the present invention uses the first reinforcement member and the conduits arranged in multiple directions to jointly prevent the caving of the top coal in the coal seam roof, providing a safe space and sufficient time for the implementation of roof support, solving the problem that the coal seam roof in the driving of the roadway for extracting the thick top coal in the extra-thick coal seam is extremely easy to cave, ensuring the stability of the thick coal seam roof during the driving of the roadway, and ensuring the safe driving and timely support of the roadway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coal seam mining, and particularly to a coal seam roof reinforcement structure and a method for preventing roof caving of a coal seam roof. Background Art

[0002] Full-mechanized caving mining is one of the main coal mining methods for extra-thick coal seams. The significant characteristics of the fully-mechanized caving face gateway are large cross-section and layout along the bottom with top coal left. The gateway roof is a coal seam, which is a full coal roadway, and the gateway support difficulty is significantly increased. However, with the increasing maturity and continuous development of the bolt support technology for coal roadways, the support of the large cross-section thick top coal full coal return roadway in extra-thick coal seams in most mining areas has been basically solved.

[0003] However, under the preconditions of extremely low strength, extremely weak cementation, extremely easy disintegration, and almost no bearing capacity of the coal seam, for the fully-mechanized caving mining of extra-thick coal seams with thick top coal left along the bottom, it is first necessary to solve the problem of controlling the stability of the top coal after the gateway is excavated along the coal seam floor. Due to the weak strength of the coal seam and weak cementation, the top coal is extremely easy to cave after the excavation of the coal seam roof gateway, resulting in the possible occurrence of roof safety accidents before the roof support can be carried out in time. For extremely soft, weakly bonded, and easily disintegrated coal seams, the method of pre-grouting to reinforce the coal seam is usually adopted. However, for coal seams with dense pores that are not developed, the grouting slurry cannot be fully diffused, and there is no space for the slurry to penetrate into the coal seam interior. Therefore, grouting reinforcement cannot improve the strength of the coal seam and improve the essential attribute of easy disintegration of the coal seam, and the grouting reinforcement method is not applicable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a coal seam roof reinforcement structure and a method for preventing roof caving of a coal seam roof to solve the problem of poor stability of extra-thick coal seams.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a coal seam roof reinforcement structure, including:

[0006] A first reinforcement member, including: a first connecting member and a plurality of first anchor cables; the first anchor cables are arranged side by side in sequence, the first ends of the first anchor cables are all used to penetrate into the coal seam roof along a first direction, the second ends of the first anchor cables are all connected through the first connecting member to form a first load-bearing structure; the second ends of the first anchor cables are used to be arranged in the gateway;

[0007] A plurality of conduits, the conduits are arranged side by side in sequence, the first ends of the conduits are all used to penetrate into the coal seam roof along a second direction, and the second ends of the conduits are arranged on the first connecting member.

[0008] According to a coal seam roof reinforcement structure provided by the present invention, the coal seam roof reinforcement structure further includes:

[0009] The second reinforcement member includes: a second connecting member and a plurality of second anchor cables; each of the second anchor cables is arranged side by side in sequence, the first end of each second anchor cable is used to penetrate into the coal seam roof along the first direction, the second ends of each second anchor cable are all connected through the second connecting member to form a second bearing structure, the second ends of each second anchor cable are all used to be arranged in the roadway, the length of the second anchor cable is greater than that of the first anchor cable, and the second ends of each conduit are arranged on the first connecting member and / or the second connecting member.

[0010] According to a coal seam roof reinforcement structure provided by the present invention, a plurality of the first reinforcement members and a plurality of the second reinforcement members are provided, and the second reinforcement members are arranged between adjacent first reinforcement members.

[0011] According to a coal seam roof reinforcement structure provided by the present invention, the first end of the first anchor cable is used to penetrate into the coal seam roof along the vertical direction, the first end of the second anchor cable is used to penetrate into the coal seam roof along the vertical direction, and the first end of the conduit is used to penetrate into the coal seam roof along the horizontal direction.

[0012] According to a coal seam roof reinforcement structure provided by the present invention, the first reinforcement member further includes: a plurality of first anchor cable trays; the first anchor cable trays are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first anchor cables, each of the first anchor cable trays is arranged on the first connecting member at intervals in sequence, and the second end of the first anchor cable passes through the first connecting member and is connected to the corresponding first anchor cable tray;

[0013] The second reinforcement member further includes: a plurality of second anchor cable trays; the plurality of second anchor cable trays are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second anchor cables, each of the second anchor cable trays is arranged on the second connecting member at intervals in sequence, and the second end of the second anchor cable passes through the second connecting member and is connected to the corresponding second anchor cable tray.

[0014] According to a coal seam roof reinforcement structure provided by the present invention, the first connecting member includes: a W-shaped steel strip; a plurality of first mounting holes are arranged on the W-shaped steel strip at intervals in sequence, the first mounting holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first anchor cables, each of the first anchor cable trays is arranged on the W-shaped steel strip at intervals in sequence, and the second end of the first anchor cable passes through the corresponding first mounting hole and is connected to the corresponding first anchor cable tray.

[0015] According to a coal seam roof reinforcement structure provided by the present invention, the second connecting member includes: an I-shaped steel; a plurality of second mounting holes are arranged on the I-shaped steel at intervals in sequence, the second mounting holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second anchor cables, each of the second anchor cable trays is arranged on the I-shaped steel at intervals in sequence, and the second end of the second anchor cable passes through the corresponding second mounting hole and is connected to the corresponding second anchor cable tray.

[0016] A coal seam roof reinforcement structure provided by the present invention further includes:

[0017] A mesh sheet, connected to the first connecting member and the second connecting member, and disposed between the first connecting member and the coal seam roof and between the second connecting member and the coal seam roof.

[0018] A coal seam roof reinforcement structure provided by the present invention further includes: a warp and weft net, and the warp and weft net is disposed between the mesh sheet and the coal seam roof.

[0019] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preventing the caving of a coal seam roof, including:

[0020] Drilling a plurality of boreholes in the coal seam roof along a second direction, and introducing the first ends of a plurality of conduits into the coal seam roof through the corresponding boreholes;

[0021] Drill the first ends of a plurality of first anchor cables into the coal seam roof, connect the second ends of the plurality of first anchor cables in the roadway through a first connecting member to form a first load-bearing structure, and suspend a plurality of conduits through the first connecting member.

[0022] The coal seam roof reinforcement structure and the method for preventing the caving of the coal seam roof provided by the present invention are provided with a first reinforcement member and a plurality of conduits. By arranging a plurality of conduits in the coal seam roof and a plurality of first anchor cables in the coal seam roof, connecting the plurality of first anchor cables through a first connecting member to form a first load-bearing structure in the coal seam roof, and suspending a plurality of conduits by using the first connecting member, so as to prevent the caving of the top coal in the coal seam roof. By arranging the first reinforcement member and the conduits in multiple directions and acting together to prevent the caving of the top coal in the coal seam roof, it provides a safe space and sufficient time for the implementation of roof support, solves the problem that the coal seam roof in the driving roadway of the extra-thick coal seam with a thick top coal is extremely prone to caving, ensures the stability of the thick coal seam roof during the roadway driving period, ensures that the roof support can be implemented in time to further control the safety and stability of the coal seam roof, and guarantees the safe driving and timely support of the roadway. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the coal seam roof reinforcement structure provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the coal seam roof and the roadway provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of arranging a conduit on the coal seam roof provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of arranging a conduit and a first reinforcement member on the coal seam roof provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic flowchart of the method for preventing roof fall of the coal seam roof provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the control system for preventing roof fall of the coal seam roof provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] 1, coal seam roof; 2, roadway; 10, first reinforcement member; 101, first connecting member; 102, first cable bolt; 103, first cable bolt tray; 20, second reinforcement member; 201, second connecting member; 202, second cable bolt; 203, second cable bolt tray; 30, mesh; 40, conduit; 610, first control module; 620, second control module; 710, processor; 720, communication interface; 730, memory; 740, communication bus. Detailed embodiments

[0033] The following further describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc., mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0037] Roof accidents are still the number one safety accidents that need to be guarded against in underground coal mine mining. The reasons for roof accidents are diverse. Most roadway roof caving accidents occur after roof support, while relatively few roof fall events occur before support can be carried out after the roadway excavation is exposed. The excavation and support of roadways in soft coal seams are extremely difficult. Especially for roadways with extremely soft coal seams as the roof, since the coal seam strength is less than 10 MPa and the coal seam has weak cementation and almost no bearing capacity, the risk of instantaneous roof caving of the coal seam roof increases significantly when support cannot be carried out in time after excavation and exposure. In order to ensure that the top coal does not cave in the roofless state after excavation of extremely soft thick coal seams, advanced grouting to reinforce the coal seam seems to be an effective and ideal method. However, practice has proved that due to the dense structure of the coal seam and no voids or fractures, the slurry only diffuses within a limited range around the grouting pipe, and the slurry cannot effectively penetrate into the interior of the coal body, and cannot achieve natural properties such as improving the coal seam strength and strengthening the cementation degree of the coal seam. Therefore, the problem of easy caving of the top coal still cannot be solved after the roadway excavation exposes the coal seam, and it is extremely easy to cause roof caving accidents of the coal seam roof.

[0038] To solve the above problems, this embodiment proposes a coal seam roof reinforcement structure to solve the problem of safe excavation of the thick top coal in the roadway of extremely soft thick coal seams and prevent roof caving accidents of the top coal during roadway excavation and coal seam exposure. The following combines Figures 1 to 4 Describe the coal seam roof reinforcement structure provided by the embodiments of the present invention. The coal seam roof reinforcement structure includes: a first reinforcement member 10 and a plurality of conduits 40.

[0039] As Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the first reinforcement member 10 includes: a first connecting member 101 and a plurality of first anchor cables 102. The first anchor cables 102 are arranged side by side in sequence. The first ends of the first anchor cables 102 are all used to penetrate through the coal seam roof 1 along the first direction (vertical). The second ends of the first anchor cables 102 are all connected by the first connecting member 101. Thus, the plurality of first anchor cables 102 cooperate with the first connecting member 101 to form a first load-bearing structure in the coal seam roof 1. The second ends of the first anchor cables 102 are used to be arranged in the roadway 2, that is, the second ends of the first anchor cables 102 are connected by the first connecting member 101 in the roadway 2.

[0040] As Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the conduits 40 are arranged side by side in sequence. The first ends of the conduits 40 are all used to penetrate through the coal seam roof 1 along the second direction (horizontal). The second ends of the conduits 40 are arranged on the first connecting member 101.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, assume that the thickness M of the extra-thick coal seam is ≥ 8 meters, and the fully-mechanized caving face return roadway 2 is driven along the coal seam floor. Assume that the width of the roadway 2 is B and the height is H. Then the thickness of the coal seam roof of the return roadway is (M - H). Parallel and dense conduits 40 are arranged in advance horizontally along the transverse span of the roadway 2 section in front of the intersection line between the coal wall of the roadway 2 driving section and the coal seam roof 1. Set the length of the conduit as b. Use drilling equipment to drill holes horizontally along the intersection line between the roadway roof and the coal wall in front of the coal wall of the driving face. After drilling, immediately anchor the conduits 40 into the holes. Assume that the horizontal spacing of the conduits 40 is l. Determine the number of installed conduits 40 according to the width of the roadway 2. In the order from left to right, drill holes one by one in sequence and install the conduits 40 in the solid coal seam in front of the driving face, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown. After all the conduits 40 in the horizontal direction of the width of the roadway 2 are anchored into the coal seam roof 1, then use the first reinforcement member 10 to suspend above the coal seam roof 1. Drill the first ends of the plurality of first anchor cables 102 into the coal seam roof 1, connect the second ends of the plurality of first anchor cables 102 by the first connecting member 101 in the roadway 2 to form a first load-bearing structure, and suspend the plurality of conduits 40 by the first connecting member 101. Assume that the length of the anchor cable is c and the anchor cable spacing is m. Calculate the number of anchor cables according to the width of the roadway 2. The first anchor cable 102 uses resin anchoring, and the required anchoring length is at least 2m. The initial tensile force of the first anchor cable 102 is at least 200 kN. Drill the first ends of the plurality of first anchor cables 102 into the coal seam roof 1, connect the second ends of the plurality of first anchor cables 102 by the first connecting member 101 in the roadway 2 to form a first load-bearing structure, and suspend the plurality of conduits 40 by the first connecting member 101. As Figure 4As shown in the figure. After performing the above steps, the reinforcement of the coal seam roof 1 for one cycle is completed. After the excavation and support of the tunneling coal cutting are completed for the entire length of the reinforced top coal, then repeat the above process to complete the reinforcement of the coal seam roof 1 for the next cycle, and repeat the operation in turn.

[0042] The coal seam roof reinforcement structure provided by the present invention is provided with a first reinforcement member and a plurality of conduits. By arranging a plurality of conduits in the coal seam roof, a plurality of first anchor cables are arranged in the coal seam roof, and the plurality of first anchor cables are connected through a first connecting member to form a first load-bearing structure in the coal seam roof. The plurality of conduits are suspended by the first connecting member to prevent the caving of the top coal in the coal seam. By arranging the first reinforcement member and the conduits in multiple directions and acting together to prevent the caving of the top coal in the coal seam, a safe space and sufficient time are provided for implementing roof support, solving the problem that the coal seam roof in the driving of the extraction roadway with thick top coal in extra-thick coal seams is extremely prone to caving, ensuring the stability of the thick coal seam roof during the roadway driving period, ensuring that the roof support can be implemented in time to further control the safety and stability of the coal seam roof, and ensuring the safe driving and timely support of the roadway.

[0043] It should be noted that the prevention of coal mine roof accidents has always been the top priority of mine safety production management. For the gob-side entry retaining roadway 2 in the fully-mechanized caving mining of extremely soft extra-thick coal seams along the bottom and leaving the top coal, since the coal seam roof 1 is an extremely soft coal seam and the cementation of the coal seam roof 1 is extremely weak, it is extremely easy for the top coal to cave after the roadway 2 is driven and coal is cut, leading to roof accidents. And this embodiment aims at the problems that the top coal in the gob-side entry retaining roadway 2 in the fully-mechanized caving mining of this type of coal seam is easy to collapse and troubles the safe and efficient driving of this type of coal seam. A method of "using the conduit 40 combined with the first reinforcement member 10 to prevent the caving of the thick top coal roof" is proposed in front of the coal wall of the driving face of the gob-side entry retaining roadway 2, which is very suitable for solving the problem of stabilizing the exposed top coal after the roadway 2 is driven and coal is cut, ensuring the normal implementation of the driving process, providing a safe space and working time for the support of the roadway 2, and having great significance for the safe and efficient driving of this type of coal seam.

[0044] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 4 shown, the second reinforcement member 20 includes: a second connecting member 201 and a plurality of second anchor cables 202. The second anchor cables 202 are arranged side by side in sequence. The first ends of the second anchor cables 202 are all used to penetrate the coal seam roof 1 along the first direction (vertical). The second ends of the second anchor cables 202 are all connected through the second connecting member 201. Thus, the plurality of second anchor cables 202 cooperate with the second connecting member 201 to form a second load-bearing structure in the coal seam roof 1. The second ends of the second anchor cables 202 are used to be arranged in the roadway 2, that is, the second ends of the second anchor cables 202 are connected through the second connecting member 201 in the roadway 2. The second ends of the conduits 40 are arranged on the second connecting member 101 or the second connecting member 201, or are arranged on both the second connecting member 101 and the second connecting member 201 at the same time.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, it is assumed that the thickness M of the extra-thick coal seam is ≥ 8 m, and the extraction roadway of the fully-mechanized caving face is driven along the coal seam floor. Assuming the roadway width is B and the height is H, the thickness of the coal seam roof of the extraction roadway is (M - H).

[0046] First, use a drilling machine to drill holes horizontally along the intersection line of the roadway roof and the coal wall in front of the coal wall of the driving face. After drilling, immediately anchor the conduit 40 into the hole. Assuming the horizontal spacing of the conduits 40 is l, determine the number of installed conduits 40 according to the width of the roadway 2. In the order from left to right, drill holes one by one and install the conduits 40 in the solid coal seam in front of the driving face, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown.

[0047] Meanwhile, considering the limited length of the anchor bolts and the limited magnitude of the prestress applied, the first cable bolt 102 (short cable bolt) is used to realize the medium-thickness high-prestress anchoring bearing structure. Therefore, the technology of strengthening the thick coal seam roof with the first cable bolt 102 is proposed. The first cable bolt 102 can achieve high prestress through the tensioning method, which is at least more than twice the prestress of the anchor bolt. During the strengthening process, first drill the first ends of multiple first cable bolts 102 into the coal seam roof 1. The length of the first cable bolt 102 is C, and the spacing between each first cable bolt 102 is m. Calculate the number of first cable bolts 102 according to the width of the roadway 2. The first cable bolt 102 is resin-anchored, and the required anchoring length is at least 2 m. The initial tensile force of the first cable bolt 102 is at least 200 kN. Install and anchor all the first cable bolts 102 in the coal seam roof 1 in sequence. Use multiple first cable bolts 102 and the first connecting piece 101 for strengthening. Connect the second ends of multiple first cable bolts 102 in the roadway 2 through the first connecting piece 101, so as to form a first bearing structure with a length of C. In this embodiment, the first bearing structure is a medium-thickness anchoring bearing structure, effectively improving the strength of the coal seam roof 1. Meanwhile, when setting the first reinforcement 10, multiple conduits 40 can also be suspended by using the second connecting piece 101.

[0048] To further improve the strength of the coal seam roof 1, drill the first ends of multiple second cable bolts 202 into the coal seam roof 1. The length of the second cable bolt 202 is D. Connect the second ends of multiple second cable bolts 202 in the roadway 2 through the second connecting piece 201, so as to form a second bearing structure with a length of D. Among them, the length D of the second cable bolt 202 is greater than the length C of the first cable bolt 102. Therefore, the second bearing structure is a thick-layer bearing structure. The first bearing structure and the second bearing structure cooperate with each other, combining the medium-thickness bearing structure and the deep prestress bearing structure to form a medium-deep double-layer prestress bearing structure, jointly bearing the weight of the thick top coal and resisting the extrusion of the deep surrounding rock, and jointly ensuring the stability of the coal seam roof 1. Meanwhile, when setting the second reinforcement 20, multiple conduits 40 can also be suspended by using the second connecting piece 201.

[0049] The coal seam roof reinforcement structure provided by the present invention is provided with a first reinforcement member and a second reinforcement member. By arranging a plurality of first anchor cables in the coal seam roof and connecting the plurality of first anchor cables through a first connecting member, a first load-bearing structure is formed in the coal seam roof. At the same time, a plurality of second anchor cables are arranged in the coal seam roof and the plurality of second anchor cables are connected through a second connecting member to form a second load-bearing structure in the coal seam roof. The first load-bearing structure and the second load-bearing structure are combined to form a double-layer prestressed load-bearing structure in the middle and deep parts, jointly bear the weight of the thick top coal and resist the extrusion of the deep surrounding rock, and jointly realize the stability of the thick coal seam roof, solve the problem of the stability of the roadway in the extra-thick soft coal seam with thick top coal, and break through the limitations of the existing bolt support.

[0050] It should be noted that the first anchor cable 102 and the second anchor cable 202 in this embodiment are used to increase the anti-slip friction resistance, keep the coal seam roof 1 in a compressed state, improve the integrity of the coal seam roof 1, and thus fundamentally improve the mechanical properties of the coal seam roof 1, effectively control the displacement of the coal seam roof 1, and can effectively improve its stability.

[0051] To ensure the structural stability of the entire roadway 2, as Figure 1 shown, there are a plurality of first reinforcement members 10 and a plurality of second reinforcement members 20. The second reinforcement members 20 are arranged between adjacent first reinforcement members 10. By arranging a plurality of first reinforcement members 10 and second reinforcement members 20, a plurality of first load-bearing structures and a plurality of second load-bearing structures can be formed in the coal seam roof 1. Thus, the entire coal seam roof 1 corresponding to the roadway 2 can be formed into a whole, and the problem of poor stability of the extra-thick coal seam can be solved.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, there are four first reinforcement members 10 in total. The four first reinforcement members 10 are arranged in sequence to form four second load-bearing structures. There are two second reinforcement members 20 in total. The two second reinforcement members 20 are both arranged between adjacent first reinforcement members 10 to form two second load-bearing structures. Thus, the four first load-bearing structures and the two second load-bearing structures cooperate with each other to combine the medium-thick layer load-bearing structure and the deep prestressed load-bearing structure to form a double-layer prestressed load-bearing structure in the middle and deep parts, jointly bear the weight of the thick top coal and resist the extrusion of the deep surrounding rock, and jointly ensure the stability of the coal seam roof 1. At the same time, the first connecting member 101 in the four first reinforcement members 10 and the second connecting member 201 in the two second reinforcement members 20 are both used to hang a plurality of conduits 40.

[0053] Generally, the first end of the first cable bolt 102 is used to penetrate vertically into the coal seam roof 1, and the first end of the second cable bolt 202 is used to penetrate vertically into the coal seam roof 1. The first end of the conduit 40 is used to penetrate horizontally into the coal seam roof 1. Thus, the conduit 40 is used for horizontal reinforcement to prevent caving, while the first cable bolt 102 and the second cable bolt 202 are used for vertical reinforcement.

[0054] According to actual needs, the setting directions of the first cable bolt 102 and the second cable bolt 202 can also be adjusted to meet different requirements.

[0055] In one example, as Figure 1 shown, the first reinforcement member 10 further includes: a plurality of first cable bolt trays 103. The first cable bolt trays 103 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first cable bolts 102, and the first cable bolt trays 103 are sequentially arranged at intervals on the first connecting member 101. The second end of the first cable bolt 102 passes through the first connecting member 101 and is connected to the corresponding first cable bolt tray 103. The second reinforcement member 20 further includes: a plurality of second cable bolt trays 203. The plurality of second cable bolt trays 203 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second cable bolts 202, and the second cable bolt trays 203 are sequentially arranged at intervals on the second connecting member 201. The second end of the second cable bolt 202 passes through the second connecting member 201 and is connected to the corresponding second cable bolt tray 203.

[0056] In this embodiment, the first cable bolt 102 and the second cable bolt 202 are made of φ21.8mm, 1×19-strand high-strength low-relaxation prestressed steel strands with a strength grade of 1860 MPa. The length of the first cable bolt 102 is 4.3 m, and the length of the second cable bolt 202 is 7.3 m. The first cable bolt trays 103 and the second cable bolt trays 203 are square arched trays made of A3 carbon steel with dimensions of 300×300×14 mm, and locks matching the cable bolts are used. The first cable bolt 102 is arranged in a 5×5 pattern (5 bolts per row) along the center line of the roadway, with a spacing of 1000×800 mm between rows and columns. The second cable bolt 202 is arranged in a 3×3 pattern (3 bolts per row) along the center line of the roadway, with a spacing of 1500×1600 mm between rows and columns. Each cable bolt is anchored using 1 CK2360 and 2 Z2360 resin anchoring agents, and the anchoring force of the cable bolt is not less than 300 kN, and the tension pre-tightening strength is not less than 300 kN.

[0057] Based on the above embodiment, in one embodiment, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the first connecting member 101 includes: a W-shaped steel strip; a plurality of first mounting holes are provided on the W-shaped steel strip at intervals in sequence, and the first mounting holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first anchor cables 102. Each first anchor cable tray 103 is arranged on the W-shaped steel strip at intervals in sequence. The second end of the first anchor cable 102 passes through the corresponding first mounting hole and is connected to the corresponding first anchor cable tray 103. The second connecting member 201 includes: an I-shaped steel. A plurality of second mounting holes are provided on the I-shaped steel at intervals in sequence, and the second mounting holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second anchor cables 202. Each second anchor cable 202 tray is arranged on the I-shaped steel at intervals in sequence. The second end of the second anchor cable 202 passes through the corresponding second mounting hole and is connected to the corresponding second anchor cable tray 203.

[0058] In this embodiment, the roadway roof support adopts the alternating cooperation of W-shaped steel strips / I-shaped steels and long and short anchor cables for support. The first anchor cable 102 is fixed by the W-shaped steel strip, and the second anchor cable 202 is fixed by the I-shaped steel. While the W-shaped steel strip and the I-shaped steel fix the first anchor cable 102 and the second anchor cable 202, they can effectively support the coal seam roof 1.

[0059] In addition, the coal seam roof reinforcement structure further includes: a wire mesh 30. The wire mesh 30 is connected to the first connecting member 101 and the second connecting member 201, and the wire mesh 30 is arranged between the first connecting member 101 and the coal seam roof 1 and between the second connecting member 201 and the coal seam roof 1. The wire mesh 30 includes: a plurality of steel bar meshes; the steel bar meshes are connected to the first connecting member 101 or the second connecting member 201, or the steel bar meshes are simultaneously connected to the first connecting member 101 and the second connecting member 201. The steel bar meshes are arranged between the first connecting member 101 and the coal seam roof 1, or the steel bar meshes are arranged between the second connecting member 201 and the coal seam roof 1. A woven steel bar mesh with a diameter of φ8mm×1000×2000mm is laid on the entire cross-section of the roadway, with a mesh size of 80×80mm. The overlapping length between the meshes is 100mm. Each grid is connected by a double-strand 14# networking wire, and each connection is twisted no less than 3 turns. Thus, a plurality of steel bar meshes can form the wire mesh 30.

[0060] Among them, the coal seam roof reinforcement structure further includes: a warp-knitted fabric. The warp-knitted fabric is arranged between the wire mesh 30 and the coal seam roof 1. To prevent broken coal from leaking out through the holes of the steel bar mesh, a warp-knitted fabric with a specification of 1000×2000mm and a mesh size of 30×30mm is additionally laid inside the steel bar mesh. During laying, the wire warp-knitted fabric is first tied to the steel bar mesh, and the warp-knitted fabric and the steel bar mesh are laid simultaneously.

[0061] The present invention also proposes a method for preventing the coal seam roof from caving. The structure of the coal seam roof reinforcement structure is as Figures 1 to 4 shown.

[0062] The control method is as Figure 5 shown and includes the following steps:

[0063] Step S510: Drill a plurality of boreholes in the coal seam roof along the second direction, and introduce the first ends of the plurality of conduits into the coal seam roof through the corresponding boreholes.

[0064] Step S520: Drill the first ends of the plurality of first anchor cables into the coal seam roof, connect the second ends of the plurality of first anchor cables in the roadway through the first connecting member to form a first load-bearing structure, and suspend the plurality of conduits through the first connecting member.

[0065] In a specific embodiment, assume that the thickness M of the extra-thick coal seam is ≥ 8 meters, and the fully-mechanized caving face return roadway 2 is driven along the coal seam floor. Assume that the width of the roadway 2 is B and the height is H, then the thickness of the coal seam roof of the return roadway is (M - H). Parallel and dense conduits 40 are arranged in advance horizontally in the transverse span direction of the roadway 2 section in front of the intersection line between the coal wall of the driving section of the roadway 2 and the coal seam roof 1. Assume that the length of the conduit is b. Use a drilling machine to drill boreholes horizontally along the intersection line between the roadway roof and the coal wall in front of the coal wall of the driving face. After drilling, immediately anchor the conduit 40 into the borehole. Assume that the horizontal spacing of the conduits 40 is l. Determine the number of conduits 40 to be installed according to the width of the roadway 2. In the order from left to right, drill each borehole one by one and then install the conduit 40 into the solid coal seam in front of the driving face, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown. After all the conduits 40 in the horizontal direction of the width of the roadway 2 are anchored into the coal seam roof 1, then use the first reinforcement member 10 to suspend it above the coal seam roof 1. Drill the first ends of the plurality of first anchor cables 102 into the coal seam roof 1, connect the second ends of the plurality of first anchor cables 102 in the roadway 2 through the first connecting member 101 to form a first load-bearing structure, and suspend the plurality of conduits 40 through the first connecting member 101. Assume that the length of the anchor cable is c and the spacing of the anchor cables is m. Calculate the number of anchor cables according to the width of the roadway 2. The first anchor cable 102 is resin-anchored, and the required anchoring length is at least 2m. The initial tensile force of the first anchor cable 102 is at least 200 kN. Drill the first ends of the plurality of first anchor cables 102 into the coal seam roof 1, connect the second ends of the plurality of first anchor cables 102 in the roadway 2 through the first connecting member 101 to form a first load-bearing structure, and suspend the plurality of conduits 40 through the first connecting member 101. As Figure 4 shown. After the above steps are completed, the reinforcement of the coal seam roof 1 for 1 cycle is completed. After the entire reinforced top coal length is completed by driving, cutting coal, and excavation support in the roadway 2, then repeat the above process to complete the reinforcement of the coal seam roof 1 in the next cycle, and repeat the cycle operation in turn.

[0066] The method for preventing the caving of the coal seam roof provided by the present invention is provided with a first reinforcement member and a plurality of conduits. By arranging a plurality of conduits in the coal seam roof and a plurality of first anchor cables in the coal seam roof, the plurality of first anchor cables are connected through a first connecting member to form a first load-bearing structure in the coal seam roof. The plurality of conduits are suspended by the first connecting member to prevent the caving of the top coal in the coal seam. The first reinforcement member and the conduits are arranged in multiple directions and act together to prevent the caving of the top coal in the coal seam, providing a safe space and sufficient time for roof support, solving the problem that the coal seam roof in the driving roadway of the extra-thick coal seam with thick top coal is extremely prone to caving, ensuring the stability of the thick coal seam roof during roadway driving, ensuring that roof support can be implemented in a timely manner to further control the safety and stability of the coal seam roof, and ensuring the safe driving and timely support of the roadway.

[0067] The control system for preventing the caving of the coal seam roof provided by the embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The control system for preventing the caving of the coal seam roof described below can be mutually corresponding and referred to the control method described above.

[0068] As Figure 6 shown, the control system for preventing the caving of the coal seam roof includes: a first control module 610 and a second control module 620.

[0069] Among them, the first control module 610 is used to drill the first ends of the plurality of first anchor cables into the coal seam roof, and connect the second ends of the plurality of first anchor cables through a first connecting member in the roadway to form a first load-bearing structure. The second control module 620 is used to drill the first ends of the plurality of second anchor cables into the coal seam roof, and connect the second ends of the plurality of second anchor cables through a second connecting member in the roadway to form a second load-bearing structure; wherein, the length of the second anchor cable is greater than the length of the first anchor cable.

[0070] Figure 7 An example of the physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown as Figure 7 shown. The electronic device may include: a processor 710, a communication interface 720, a memory 730, and a communication bus 740. Among them, the processor 710, the communication interface 720, and the memory 730 communicate with each other through the communication bus 740. The processor 710 can call the logical instructions in the memory 730 to execute the control method, including: drilling a plurality of drill holes in the coal seam roof along the second direction, and introducing the first ends of the plurality of conduits into the coal seam roof through the corresponding drill holes; drilling the first ends of the plurality of first anchor cables into the coal seam roof, connecting the second ends of the plurality of first anchor cables through a first connecting member in the roadway to form a first load-bearing structure, and suspending the plurality of conduits through the first connecting member.

[0071] It should be noted that the electronic device in this embodiment can be a server, a PC, or other devices when specifically implemented, as long as its structure includes a processor 710, a communication interface 720, a memory 730, and a communication bus 740 as shown in Figure 7 . The processor 710, the communication interface 720, and the memory 730 complete communication with each other through the communication bus 740, and the processor 710 can call the logical instructions in the memory 730 to execute the above method. This embodiment does not limit the specific implementation form of the electronic device.

[0072] In addition, when the logical instructions in the above-mentioned memory 730 are implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memories (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0073] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a computer program product. The computer program product includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can execute the control methods provided in the above method embodiments. The control method includes: drilling a plurality of boreholes in the coal seam roof along a second direction, and introducing the first ends of a plurality of conduits into the coal seam roof through corresponding boreholes; drilling the first ends of a plurality of first anchor cables into the coal seam roof, connecting the second ends of the plurality of first anchor cables in a roadway through a first connecting member to form a first load-bearing structure, and suspending the plurality of conduits through the first connecting member.

[0074] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it is configured to execute the control method provided in the above embodiments. The control method includes: drilling a plurality of boreholes in the coal seam roof along a second direction, and introducing the first ends of a plurality of conduits into the coal seam roof through corresponding boreholes; drilling the first ends of a plurality of first anchor cables into the coal seam roof, connecting the second ends of the plurality of first anchor cables in a roadway through a first connecting member to form a first load-bearing structure, and suspending the plurality of conduits through the first connecting member.

[0075] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without creative efforts.

[0076] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disc, etc., and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal seam roof reinforcement structure, characterized in that, it includes: A first reinforcement member, including: a first connecting member and a plurality of first anchor cables; each of the first anchor cables is arranged side by side in sequence, the first end of each first anchor cable is used to penetrate into the coal seam roof along a first direction, and the second end of each first anchor cable is connected through the first connecting member to form a first load-bearing structure; the second end of each first anchor cable is used to be arranged in a roadway; A plurality of conduits, each of the conduits is arranged side by side in sequence, the first end of each conduit is used to penetrate into the coal seam roof along a second direction, and the second end of each conduit is arranged on the first connecting member; A second reinforcement member, including: a second connecting member and a plurality of second anchor cables; each of the second anchor cables is arranged side by side in sequence, the first end of each second anchor cable is used to penetrate into the coal seam roof along the first direction, the second end of each second anchor cable is connected through the second connecting member to form a second load-bearing structure, the second end of each second anchor cable is used to be arranged in the roadway, the length of the second anchor cable is greater than the length of the first anchor cable, the second end of each conduit is arranged on the first connecting member and / or the second connecting member, there are a plurality of the first reinforcement members and the second reinforcement members, the second reinforcement members are arranged between adjacent first reinforcement members, the first end of the first anchor cable is used to penetrate into the coal seam roof along the vertical direction, the first end of the second anchor cable is used to penetrate into the coal seam roof along the vertical direction, and the first end of the conduit is used to penetrate into the coal seam roof along the horizontal direction; The first reinforcement member further includes: a plurality of first anchor cable trays; the second reinforcement member further includes: a plurality of second anchor cable trays; the first connecting member includes: a W-shaped steel strip; a plurality of first mounting holes are arranged at intervals in sequence on the W-shaped steel strip, the first mounting holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first anchor cables, each of the first anchor cable trays is arranged at intervals in sequence on the W-shaped steel strip, and the second end of the first anchor cable passes through the corresponding first mounting hole and is connected to the corresponding first anchor cable tray; the second connecting member includes: an I-shaped steel; a plurality of second mounting holes are arranged at intervals in sequence on the I-shaped steel, the second mounting holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second anchor cables, each of the second anchor cable trays is arranged at intervals in sequence on the I-shaped steel, and the second end of the second anchor cable passes through the corresponding second mounting hole and is connected to the corresponding second anchor cable tray.

2. The coal seam roof reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first anchor cable trays are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first anchor cables, each of the first anchor cable trays is arranged at intervals in sequence on the first connecting member, and the second end of the first anchor cable passes through the first connecting member and is connected to the corresponding first anchor cable tray; A plurality of the second anchor cable trays are in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of the second anchor cables, each of the second anchor cable trays is arranged at intervals in sequence on the second connecting member, and the second end of the second anchor cable passes through the second connecting member and is connected to the corresponding second anchor cable tray.

3. The coal seam roof reinforcement structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The coal seam roof reinforcement structure further comprises: A mesh sheet, connected to the first connecting member and the second connecting member, and disposed between the first connecting member and the coal seam roof as well as between the second connecting member and the coal seam roof.

4. The coal seam roof reinforcement structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the coal seam roof reinforcement structure further comprises: a warp and weft mesh, and the warp and weft mesh is disposed between the mesh sheet and the coal seam roof.

5. A method for preventing caving of a coal seam roof based on the coal seam roof reinforcement structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that it includes: Drilling a plurality of boreholes in the coal seam roof along a second direction, and introducing the first ends of a plurality of conduits into the coal seam roof through the corresponding boreholes; Drilling the first ends of a plurality of first anchor cables into the coal seam roof, connecting the second ends of the plurality of first anchor cables in a roadway through a first connecting member to form a first load-bearing structure, and suspending the plurality of conduits through the first connecting member.

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