Roadway floor type rock burst prevention device and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of rock burst prevention, and discloses a roadway floor type rock burst prevention device and method, which comprises a door-shaped supporting frame and a supporting cross beam. A soft lining protection layer is arranged on the outer side of the door-shaped supporting frame. Rubber shock-resistant supports are arranged on the two sides of the lower half of the door-shaped supporting frame. Vibration isolation bottom plates are arranged in the middle and upper half of the two sides of the door-shaped supporting frame. Vibration isolation boxes are arranged on the top of the vibration isolation bottom plates. The door-shaped supporting frames are arranged equidistantly on the roadway surrounding rock. The rubber shock-resistant supports have the shock resistance performance. The multistage supporting vibration isolation structure composed of the vibration isolation bottom plates, the vibration isolation boxes, steel plate boxes and concrete layers is matched with the door-shaped supporting frames to guide the deformation and absorb potential energy impact, so that the compression resistance of the roadway in the rock burst process is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rockburst prevention technology, specifically to a roadway floor-type rockburst prevention device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Rockburst, also known as rock burst, is a sudden and violent destructive phenomenon caused by the instantaneous release of elastic deformation energy in the rock mass surrounding a mine shaft or working face. It is often accompanied by the ejection of coal and rock, loud noises, and blast waves. It is highly destructive and is one of the major hazards in coal mines.

[0003] In existing technologies, the support for roadways prone to rockbursts primarily relies on support components such as rock bolts, anchor cables, and metal supports. These methods apply forces to the surrounding rock to improve its stability. However, during a rockburst, the roadway is placed in a high-stress environment. The instantaneous fracture of thick, hard rock layers generates high-energy impact loads, and under the combined effects of high dynamic and static loads, the roadway is highly susceptible to severe deformation. Therefore, existing support structures are passively load-bearing and lack active seismic resistance, resulting in relatively low resistance to rockbursts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a roadway floor-type rockburst prevention device and method to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the existing support structure is passively supported and does not have active seismic resistance, so the roadway's resistance to rockburst is still relatively small.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a tunnel floor-type rockburst prevention device, comprising: a portal frame and a supporting beam, wherein the portal frame is provided with a soft lining protective layer on its outer side, rubber seismic bearings are provided on both sides of the lower half of the portal frame, vibration isolation base plates are provided in the middle and upper half of both sides of the portal frame, a vibration isolation box is provided on the top of the vibration isolation base plate, a concrete layer is provided inside the vibration isolation box, a steel plate box is provided on the top of the concrete layer, a hydraulic support rod is provided on one side of the top steel plate box, a supporting beam is provided between the tops of the hydraulic support rods, and a supporting vertical beam is provided between the center of the supporting beam and the portal frame.

[0006] Preferably, a supporting side beam is provided between the supporting vertical beam, the supporting horizontal beam, and the portal frame.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom of the hydraulic support rod is provided with a hydraulic support seat, and a reinforcing rib is provided between the bottom of the hydraulic support seat and the outer wall of the steel plate box.

[0008] Preferably, the gaps inside the vibration isolation box are filled with sand.

[0009] Preferably, the portal frame is built inside the concrete layer.

[0010] Preferably, the top and bottom of the rubber seismic bearing are connected to the portal frame by bolts.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the portal frame is arc-shaped, and one end of the supporting side beam and the supporting vertical beam abuts against the arc-shaped outer wall of the top of the portal frame.

[0012] Preferably, the portal frame has protruding soft lining protective layers on both sides fixed to the bottom of the roadway.

[0013] Preferably, anchor bolts are provided on the outer side of the soft lining protective layer and inside the surrounding rock of the roadway.

[0014] A method for preventing rockbursts in roadways with a floor slab includes the following steps:

[0015] S1: After the tunnel is excavated, a reactive resin thin-layer material is sprayed on the surface of the tunnel until the reactive resin thin-layer material cures and forms a resin layer.

[0016] S2: A waterproof cloth is wrapped around the outside of the resin layer to form a soft protective layer together with the resin layer;

[0017] S3: Use a drilling rig to drill holes around the tunnel for laying anchor cables. After the drilling is completed, fill the holes with anchoring agent, then insert the anchor cables into the holes. Then connect the anchor cables to the drilling rig, start the drilling rig, stir the anchoring agent evenly, and after the anchoring agent has solidified, install a tray on the exposed end of the anchor rod. Finally, use an anchor rod tensioner to tension the anchor rod to the predetermined anchoring force.

[0018] S4: Install portal frames at equal intervals along the direction of roadway extension. The portal frame is divided into three sections: the seismic section at the bottom, the vibration isolation section in the middle, and the support section at the top. The seismic section includes rubber seismic bearings and the bottom part of the portal frame. The seismic section is installed at equal intervals on both sides of the bottom of the roadway.

[0019] S5: The vibration isolation end is installed above the seismic section. The vibration isolation section includes two vibration isolation boxes. The impact is buffered by the concrete layer and sand filling inside the vibration isolation box.

[0020] S6: Install the support section, which includes the top arc-shaped part of the portal frame, as well as the support side beams, support vertical beams, support horizontal beams, and hydraulic support rods. After installing the hydraulic support rods above the hydraulic support seats, the support horizontal beams, support side beams, and support vertical beams are installed with bolts. The hydraulic support rods provide support force, so that the support horizontal beams, support side beams, and support vertical beams are tightly pressed against the top of the portal frame to support the top.

[0021] S7: By utilizing the soft lining protective layer and portal frame and its components, an energy-absorbing support structure with seismic isolation function is finally formed on the surrounding rock of the roadway.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] This invention, through the design of portal-type support frames, rubber seismic bearings, and vibration isolation boxes, enables the use of roadway floor-type rockburst prevention devices. The portal-type support frames, equidistantly positioned on the surrounding rock of the roadway, utilize the seismic performance of the rubber seismic bearings. Combined with the multi-level support and vibration isolation structure consisting of a vibration isolation base plate, vibration isolation box, steel plate box, and concrete layer, the structure guides deformation and absorbs potential energy impacts. This significantly enhances the roadway's resistance to rockbursts. Even after deformation, the system provides multi-level buffering, seismic stability, and support points, preventing breakage and ensuring continued support during deformation, thus protecting equipment and personnel safety. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of a roadway floor type rockburst prevention device according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the portal frame connection structure of a roadway floor type rockburst prevention device according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a left view of the portal frame connection structure of a roadway floor type rockburst prevention device according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a top view of the portal frame connection structure of a tunnel floor type rockburst prevention device and method according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Gantry support frame; 2-Rubber seismic bearing; 3-Vibration isolation base plate; 4-Vibration isolation box; 5-Steel plate box; 6-Hydraulic support rod; 7-Support beam; 8-Support side beam; 9-Support vertical beam; 10-Soft lining protective layer; 11-Concrete layer; 12-Hydraulic support seat. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Please see Figures 1-5This invention provides a technical solution: a tunnel floor-type rockburst prevention device, comprising: a portal frame 1 and a supporting beam 7. A soft lining protective layer 10 is provided on the outer side of the portal frame 1. Rubber anti-seismic bearings 2 are bolted to both sides of the lower half of the portal frame 1. Vibration isolation base plates 3 are welded to the middle and upper half of both sides of the portal frame 1. A vibration isolation box 4 is welded to the top of the vibration isolation base plate 3. A concrete layer 11 is built inside the vibration isolation box 4, and a steel plate box 5 is welded to the top of the concrete layer 11. Sand is filled into the gaps inside the vibration isolation box 4. The portal frame 1 is built inside the concrete layer 11, and the impact is buffered by the concrete layer 11 and the filled sand inside the vibration isolation box 4.

[0032] A hydraulic support rod 6 is bolted to one side of the steel plate box 5 at the top. A support beam 7 is bolted to the top of the hydraulic support rod 6. A support vertical beam 9 is bolted to the center of the support beam 7 and the portal frame 1. A support side beam 8 is provided between the support vertical beam 9, the support beam 7 and the portal frame 1. The hydraulic support rod 6 provides support force, so that the support beam 7, the support side beam 8 and the support vertical beam 9 are tightly pressed against the top of the portal frame 1 to support the top.

[0033] The bottom of the hydraulic support rod 6 is provided with a hydraulic support seat 12, and a reinforcing rib is provided between the bottom of the hydraulic support seat 12 and the outer wall of the steel plate box 5 to facilitate the support of the hydraulic support rod 6.

[0034] The top and bottom of the rubber seismic bearing 2 are connected to the portal frame 1 by bolts. The top of the portal frame 1 is arc-shaped, and one end of the supporting side beam 8 and the supporting vertical beam 9 abuts against the arc-shaped outer wall of the top of the portal frame 1.

[0035] The portal frame 1 has protruding soft lining protective layers 10 on both sides, which are fixed to the bottom of the roadway. Anchor bolts are installed on the outer side of the soft lining protective layer 10 and inside the roadway surrounding rock to increase the strength of the roadway.

[0036] A method for preventing rockbursts in roadways with a floor slab includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: After the tunnel is excavated, a reactive resin thin-layer material is sprayed on the surface of the tunnel until the reactive resin thin-layer material cures and forms a resin layer.

[0038] S2: A waterproof cloth is wrapped around the outside of the resin layer to form a soft protective layer 10 together with the resin layer;

[0039] S3: Use a drilling rig to drill holes around the tunnel for laying anchor cables. After the drilling is completed, fill the holes with anchoring agent, then insert the anchor cables into the holes. Then connect the anchor cables to the drilling rig, start the drilling rig, stir the anchoring agent evenly, and after the anchoring agent has solidified, install a tray on the exposed end of the anchor rod. Finally, use an anchor rod tensioner to tension the anchor rod to the predetermined anchoring force.

[0040] S4: Install portal frame 1 at equal intervals in the direction of roadway extension. Portal frame 1 is divided into three sections: the seismic section at the bottom, the vibration isolation section in the middle, and the support section at the top. The seismic section includes rubber seismic bearing 2 and the bottom part of portal frame 1. The seismic section is installed at equal intervals on both sides of the bottom of the roadway.

[0041] S5: The vibration isolation end is installed above the seismic section. The vibration isolation section includes two vibration isolation boxes 4. The impact is buffered by the concrete layer 11 and the sand filled in the vibration isolation box 4.

[0042] S6: Install the support section, which includes the top arc-shaped part of the portal frame 1, as well as the support side beam 8, support vertical beam 9, support horizontal beam 7, and hydraulic support rod 6. After installing the hydraulic support rod 6 above the hydraulic support seat 12, the support horizontal beam 7, support side beam 8, and support vertical beam 9 are installed with bolts. The hydraulic support rod 6 provides support force, so that the support horizontal beam 7, support side beam 8, and support vertical beam 9 are tightly pressed against the top of the portal frame 1 to support the top.

[0043] S7: By utilizing the soft lining protective layer 10 and the portal support frame 1 and its components, an energy-absorbing support structure with seismic isolation function is finally formed on the surrounding rock of the roadway.

[0044] Working principle: When the roadway floor type rockburst prevention device is used, the portal frame 1, which is equidistantly set on the surrounding rock of the roadway, uses the seismic performance of the rubber seismic bearing 2, in conjunction with the multi-level support and vibration isolation structure composed of the vibration isolation base plate 3, vibration isolation box 4, steel plate box 5 and concrete layer 11, to guide deformation and absorb potential energy impact. This can greatly improve the roadway's resistance to rockburst during the process. After deformation, it can still have multi-level buffering and seismic stability and support points to avoid breakage, so that deformation can still have a supporting effect and protect the safety of equipment and personnel.

Claims

1. A roadway floor-type rockburst prevention device, comprising: A portal frame (1) and a supporting beam (7) are characterized in that: a soft lining protective layer (10) is provided on the outside of the portal frame (1), rubber seismic bearings (2) are provided on both sides of the lower half of the portal frame (1), vibration isolation base plates (3) are provided on the middle and upper half of both sides of the portal frame (1), a vibration isolation box (4) is provided on the top of the vibration isolation base plate (3), a concrete layer (11) is provided inside the vibration isolation box (4), a steel plate box (5) is provided on the top of the concrete layer (11), a hydraulic support rod (6) is provided on one side of the top steel plate box (5), a supporting beam (7) is provided between the top of the hydraulic support rods (6), and a supporting vertical beam (9) is provided between the center of the supporting beam (7) and the portal frame (1).

2. The roadway floor type rockburst prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A supporting side beam (8) is provided between the supporting vertical beam (9), the supporting horizontal beam (7) and the portal frame (1).

3. The roadway floor type rockburst prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the hydraulic support rod (6) is provided with a hydraulic support seat (12), and a reinforcing rib is provided between the bottom of the hydraulic support seat (12) and the outer wall of the steel plate box (5).

4. The roadway floor type rockburst prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gaps inside the vibration isolation box (4) are filled with sand.

5. A roadway floor-type rockburst prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portal frame (1) is built inside the concrete layer (11).

6. The roadway floor type rockburst prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the rubber seismic support (2) are connected to the portal frame (1) by bolts.

7. A roadway floor-type rockburst prevention device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the portal frame (1) is arc-shaped, and one end of the supporting side beam (8) and the supporting vertical beam (9) abuts against the arc-shaped outer wall of the top of the portal frame (1).

8. A roadway floor-type rockburst prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portal frame (1) has protruding soft lining protective layers (10) on both sides, which are fixed to the bottom of the roadway.

9. A roadway floor-type rockburst prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Anchor bolts are provided on the outer side of the soft lining protective layer (10) and inside the surrounding rock of the roadway.

10. A method for preventing rockbursts on the roadway floor, comprising using a rockburst prevention device for roadway floor as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: After the tunnel is excavated, a reactive resin thin-layer material is sprayed on the surface of the tunnel until the reactive resin thin-layer material cures and forms a resin layer. S2: Wrap a waterproof cloth around the outside of the resin layer to form a soft protective layer (10) together with the resin layer. S3: Use a drilling rig to drill holes around the tunnel for laying anchor cables. After the drilling is completed, fill the holes with anchoring agent, then insert the anchor cables into the holes. Then connect the anchor cables to the drilling rig, start the drilling rig, stir the anchoring agent evenly, and after the anchoring agent has solidified, install a tray on the exposed end of the anchor rod. Finally, use an anchor rod tensioner to tension the anchor rod to the predetermined anchoring force. S4: Install portal frame (1) at equal intervals in the direction of roadway extension. The portal frame (1) is divided into three sections: the seismic section at the bottom, the vibration isolation section in the middle, and the support section at the top. The seismic section includes rubber seismic bearing (2) and the bottom part of the portal frame (1). The seismic section is installed at equal intervals on both sides of the bottom of the roadway. S5: The vibration isolation section is installed above the seismic section. The vibration isolation section includes two vibration isolation boxes (4). The impact is buffered by the concrete layer (11) and the sand filling inside the vibration isolation box (4). S6: Install the support section, which includes the top arc-shaped part of the portal frame (1) and the support side beam (8), support vertical beam (9), support horizontal beam (7) and hydraulic support rod (6). After installing the hydraulic support rod (6) above the hydraulic support seat (12), the support horizontal beam (7), support side beam (8) and support vertical beam (9) are installed by bolts. The hydraulic support rod (6) provides support force so that the support horizontal beam (7), support side beam (8) and support vertical beam (9) are tightly pressed against the top of the portal frame (1) to support the top. S7: By utilizing the soft lining protective layer (10) and the portal frame (1) and its components, an energy-absorbing support structure with seismic isolation function is finally formed on the surrounding rock of the roadway.

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