An electrolytic-grinding precision reaming device

Abstract

An electrolytic-grinding precision reaming device includes a hollow spindle, a top cover, a current lead block, a cathode wire, a rotary liquid feeder, a grinding tool rod, a thrust ball bearing, a spiral chip conveyor groove, a water level detection sensor, etc. The cathode wire is fixed on the top cover, passes through the inside of the hollow spindle and is embedded in the grinding tool rod with a hollow structure. A fixing frame is located inside the grinding tool rod with a hollow structure to assist in supporting the cathode wire. The current lead block is fixed on the top cover, and the cathode wire is energized through the current lead block. The hollow spindle is arranged inside the rotary liquid feeder; the upper end of the hollow spindle is assembled with the thrust ball bearing; the top cover is combined with the upper side of the thrust ball bearing. The hollow spindle can rotate around the central axis of the hollow spindle inside the rotary liquid feeder, and the top cover can remain stationary. The grinding tool rod passes through the bottom of the tool holder. A spiral chip conveyor groove is arranged on the surface of the grinding head at the front end of the grinding tool rod. The water level detection sensor is embedded outside the grinding tool rod and is not higher than the contour surface of the grinding tool rod. The present invention has high precision, high efficiency and high stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of special processing, and relates to micro hole processing, in particular to an electrolytic-grinding precision hole enlarging processing device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the demand for micro-pore structures in the fields of aviation, aerospace, and shipbuilding has been increasing, and the processing quality of holes has an important impact on the performance of parts. The characteristics of micro-pore structures are small pore size, precision, difficult material processing, and high surface quality requirements. At the same time, with the continuous development of science and technology, the pore size requirements for micro-pore structures in various fields are getting smaller and smaller, the surface roughness requirements are getting lower and lower, and the surface processing quality requirements are getting higher and higher.

[0003] Micro-hole structures are widely used in the machinery manufacturing industry, and micro-hole processing is often achieved using mechanical processing technology and special processing technology. Common special processing methods for micro-holes include electrolytic processing, electric spark processing and ultrasonic processing. Traditional mechanical processing is divided into drilling, punching, grinding and abrasive flow finishing, but traditional mechanical grinding of micro-holes often faces problems such as residual stress, burrs and deformation during processing, and cannot meet the requirements of small processing aperture, low roughness and high surface quality. The electrolytic processing process has no cutting force and no cathode loss, which just solves the problem of traditional grinding of micro-holes. During electrochemical reactions, electrochemical corrosion is inevitable, so there is still a lot of room for improvement in processing accuracy and surface processing quality.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent with publication number "CN202010235812.X" discloses a vertical fully automatic electrolytic grinding and boring device, which realizes fully automated control of electrolytic grinding and boring processing. However, traditional electrolytic grinding mostly uses a fixed fixture to clamp the tool cathode, adds an abrasive layer on the cathode surface, and electrochemically corrodes the anode workpiece while mechanically grinding away the electrolytic passivation film structure on the anode surface to achieve precision processing. However, the electrolytic grinding method is highly process-intensive, which leads to the problem that the energy matching relationship between electrolysis and grinding is difficult to grasp, and it cannot be mass-produced, which limits the widespread use of electrolytic grinding. This paper designs an electrolytic-grinding precision hole expansion processing device, which can realize the effective control of the electrolytic energy field and the mechanical grinding energy field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides an electrolytic-grinding precision hole enlarging processing device, which can realize the precision hole enlarging processing of tiny holes, greatly improving the surface quality and processing efficiency.

[0006] The present application provides an electrolytic-grinding precision hole enlarging processing device, comprising: a hollow spindle, a lead block, a top cover, a cathode wire, a thrust ball bearing, a rotary liquid supplier, a tool chuck, a grinding tool rod, a grinding head, a fixed frame, a spiral chip feeder and a water level detection sensor.

[0007] The cathode wire is fixed on the top cover, passes through the hollow main shaft and is embedded in the hollow mold rod; the fixing frame is located inside the hollow mold rod to assist in supporting the cathode wire. The lead block is fixed on the top cover, and during use, the cathode wire is connected to electricity through the lead block.

[0008] The hollow main shaft is arranged inside the rotary liquid supply device; the upper end of the hollow main shaft is assembled with a thrust ball bearing; the top cover is combined with the upper side of the thrust ball bearing; during use, the hollow main shaft can rotate around the central axis of the hollow main shaft in the rotary liquid supply device, and the top cover remains stationary.

[0009] The abrasive tool rod passes through the bottom of the tool chuck; a spiral chip feeding groove is provided on the surface of the grinding head at the front end of the abrasive tool rod;

[0010] The water level detection sensor is embedded in the outer side of the mold rod and is not higher than the contour surface of the mold rod.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned electrolytic-grinding precision hole-expanding processing device, the fixing frame is an insulating material of a circular ring structure, which maintains a clearance fit with the cathode wire and plays a role in auxiliary support of the cathode wire.

[0012] Furthermore, in the electrolytic-grinding precision hole enlarging processing device, the spiral chip conveying groove changes the chip removal method by changing the upper and lower spiral directions and structures.

[0013] Furthermore, in the electrolytic-grinding precision hole-expanding processing device, the bottom surface of the top cover is sprayed with glue to achieve an insulating effect.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned electrolytic-grinding precision hole expanding processing device, the water level detection sensor detects the water level condition in real time.

[0015] Furthermore, in the electrolytic-grinding precision hole enlarging processing device, the thrust ball bearing is conductive, with a current of 20A and a voltage of 10V.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The electrolytic-grinding precision hole expansion processing device provided in the present application provides an effective energy field control means for the process method of combined precision processing of electrochemical corrosion first and mechanical grinding later; 2. The present invention designs a spiral chip feeding groove on the outer side of the grinding head, which can change the upper and lower spiral directions according to the actual working conditions to change the chip removal method, thereby achieving the beneficial effect of fully removing the processing products; 3. The present invention arranges a water level detection sensor on the outer side of the grinding tool rod, which can detect the water level in the processing area in real time, and is more conducive to controlling the processing stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the electrolytic-grinding precision hole expansion processing device provided for the implementation of this application

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the mold rod provided for the implementation of this application

[0020] in:

[0021] Lead block 1, top cover 2, rotary liquid supplier 3, cathode wire 4, thrust ball bearing 5, hollow spindle 6, fixed frame 7, tool chuck 8, mold rod 9, water level detection sensor 10, spiral chip feeding trough 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0024] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the basic structure of the electrolytic-grinding precision hole enlarging processing device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described below.

[0025] The present application provides an electrolytic-grinding precision hole reaming processing device, comprising: a hollow spindle 6, a lead block 1, a top cover 2, a cathode wire 4, a thrust ball bearing 5, a rotary liquid supplier 3, a tool chuck 8, a grinding tool rod 9, a fixed frame 7, a spiral chip feeder 10 and a water level detection sensor 11.

[0026] The cathode wire 4 passes through the hollow main shaft 6 and is embedded in the hollow mold rod 9. The cathode wire 4 is connected to the lead block 1 and is powered by the lead block 1. The fixing frame 7 is located inside the hollow mold rod 9 to assist in supporting the cathode wire 4.

[0027] The upper end of the hollow main shaft 6 is assembled with a thrust ball bearing 5, the hollow main shaft 6 is arranged inside the rotary liquid supplier 3, the lower end of the hollow main shaft 6 is connected to a mold rod 9 through a tool holder 8, and the hollow main shaft 6 can rotate around the central axis of the hollow main shaft 6 in the rotary liquid supplier 3;

[0028] The top cover 2 is combined with the upper side of the thrust ball bearing 5; the mold rod 9 passes through the bottom of the tool holder 8; and a spiral chip feeding groove 10 is provided on the grinding head surface at the front end of the mold rod 9.

[0029] The water level detection sensor 11 is embedded in the outer side of the mold rod 9 and is not higher than the contour surface of the mold rod 9 .

[0030] The hollow main shaft 6 is used to install the connecting drive mechanism. An electrolyte inlet is set on one side of the rotating liquid supply device 3. The electrolyte enters the hollow main shaft 6 and enters the processing area along the cathode wire 4. The excess working fluid flows back to the electrolyte tank from the liquid outlet. In the embodiment of the present application, the workpiece to be processed is mainly a difficult-to-process metal part such as a nickel-based high-temperature alloy or a titanium alloy.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the upper and lower spiral modes of the spiral chip conveying groove 10 are not specifically limited herein. The chip conveying mode can be changed by changing the upper and lower spiral modes according to the processing requirements.

[0032] In the embodiment of the present application, the inner hole of the anode workpiece is divided into four parts: the area to be processed, the electrochemical corrosion area, the mechanical grinding area and the processed area; the area below the cathode wire 4 is the area to be processed; the area corresponding to the workpiece and the cathode wire 4 is the electrochemical corrosion area; the part where the workpiece contacts the cone wall area of ​​the grinding head is the mechanical grinding area; the part where the workpiece contacts the straight wall area of ​​the grinding head is the processed area. The surface of the grinding head has a spiral chip feeding groove 10 and a diamond abrasive layer, and the abrasive grains of the diamond abrasive layer are 1000-2500 mesh diamond abrasive grains.

[0033] As the electrolytic drilling process proceeds, the depth of the processed hole gradually increases, reducing the height of the hollow spindle 6, driving the grinding head of the abrasive rod 9 to sink into the processed hole. The hollow spindle 6 rotates, and the diamond abrasive layer on the grinding head further expands and fine-processes the processed hole. In this process, electrolytic processing and mechanical grinding are combined. Rough and fine processing are carried out simultaneously, and repeated positioning is not required, which greatly reduces the processing error caused by repeated positioning.

[0034] In the electrolytic-grinding precision hole-expanding processing device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the fixing frame is an insulating material of a circular ring structure, which maintains a clearance fit with the cathode wire 4 and plays a role in assisting the support of the cathode wire 4 .

[0035] In the electrolytic-grinding precision hole-expanding processing device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the spiral chip conveying groove 10 changes the chip removal method by changing the upper and lower spiral directions and structures.

[0036] The electrolytic-grinding precision hole-expanding processing device provided in the embodiment of the present application is subjected to glue spraying treatment on the bottom surface of the top cover 2 to achieve an insulating effect.

[0037] In the electrolytic-grinding precision hole-expanding processing device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the water level detection sensor 11 detects the water level condition in real time.

[0038] In the electrolytic-grinding precision hole-expanding processing device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the thrust ball bearing 5 is conductive, the current is 20A, and the voltage is 10V.

[0039] The electrolytic-grinding precision hole-reaming processing device provided by the present application realizes the combination of electrolytic processing and mechanical grinding processing, eliminates the processing error caused by repeated positioning, and greatly improves the processing accuracy and processing efficiency; the cathode wire is not lost in electrolytic processing, and the mechanical cutting force is very small, the life of the grinding tool rod 9 is improved, thereby improving the economy of processing; the spiral chip feeding groove 10 is set on the grinding head surface at the front end of the grinding tool rod 9, and the spiral chip feeding groove 10 changes the chip removal mode by changing the upper and lower spiral directions and structures. When the chip removal mode is downward, the electrolytic product flows into the electrolyte tank along the electrolyte, improving the flow field stability. Therefore, the electrolytic-grinding precision hole-reaming processing device provided by the present application can realize the precision hole-reaming processing of tiny holes, greatly improving the surface quality and processing efficiency.

[0040] In order to introduce the electrolytic-grinding precision hole enlarging processing device provided in the embodiment of the present application in detail, the present application also provides its specific working process below, which is as follows:

[0041] Step 1: Install the electrode tool and workpiece

[0042] The cathode wire 4 is embedded in the hollow mold rod 9, and it is ensured that there is no electrical conduction between the cathode wire 4 and the mold rod 9; the upper end of the mold rod 9 is connected to the liquid supply pipe;

[0043] The workpiece is fixed on the workbench, the insulating partition is located at the bottom of the workpiece, and there is a hole at the center of the insulating partition as the working fluid outlet; one end of the reflux pipe is connected to the outlet, and the other end is connected to the stop valve; during the processing, the height of the working fluid level in the prefabricated hole of the workpiece is controlled by adjusting the stop valve;

[0044] Step 2: Debugging the working fluid

[0045] The working fluid is pumped into the liquid supply pipe by a one-way quantitative pump, flows into the internal flow channel from one side of the rotary liquid supply device, enters the prefabricated hole along the cathode wire, and flows back to the electrolyte tank through the return pipe; during the processing, the height of the working fluid in the prefabricated hole can be freely controlled by adjusting the stop valve;

[0046] Step 3: Connect the power supply

[0047] The cathode wire is embedded in the hollow mold rod, the cathode wire is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and the workpiece is connected to the positive pole of the high-frequency pulse power supply, and a weak potential difference is maintained between the two; the mold rod is not connected to the power supply, and the mold rod has no potential during the processing;

[0048] Step 4: Conduct electrolytic grinding and precision hole expansion processing

[0049] Turn on the high-frequency pulse power supply, and the control center controls the spindle to feed downward. During the machining process, under the combined action of the electric field and the flow field, an electrochemical reaction occurs in the inner wall area of ​​the prefabricated hole corresponding to the cathode wire to generate a corrosion layer. The grinding tool rod rotates at a high speed driven by the spindle, and drives the cathode wire to feed downward synchronously at a constant speed. An electrochemical reaction gradually occurs on the inner wall of the prefabricated hole from top to bottom to generate a corrosion layer. At the same time, the grinding head scrapes off the corrosion layer on the inner wall of the prefabricated hole in turn, realizing precise hole expansion by electrolytic machining and mechanical grinding.

[0050] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only preferred implementation modes of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the principles of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made shall be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electrolytic-grinding precision hole enlargement processing device, It is characterized in that include: A hollow main shaft (6), a current guide block (1), a top cover (2), a cathode wire (4), a thrust ball bearing (5), a rotary liquid supply device (3), a tool holder (8), a mold rod (9), a fixing frame (7), a spiral chip conveyor (10) and a water level detection sensor (11); the cathode wire (4) is fixed on the top cover (2), passes through the inside of the hollow main shaft (6) and is embedded in the mold rod (9) of the hollow structure; the fixing frame (7) is located inside the mold rod (9) of the hollow structure to assist in supporting the cathode wire (4); the current guide block (1) is fixed on the top cover (2), and during use, the cathode wire (4) is electrically connected via the current guide block (1); The hollow main shaft (6) is arranged inside the rotary liquid supply device (3); the upper end of the hollow main shaft (6) is assembled with the thrust ball bearing (5); the top cover (2) is combined with the upper side of the thrust ball bearing (5); during use, the hollow main shaft (6) can rotate around the central axis of the hollow main shaft (6) in the rotary liquid supply device (3), and the top cover (2) remains stationary; the mold rod (9) passes through the bottom of the tool holder (8); the spiral chip conveying groove (10) is arranged on the surface of the grinding head at the front end of the mold rod (9); the water level detection sensor (11) is embedded in the outer side of the mold rod (9) and is not higher than the contour surface of the mold rod (9).

2. The electrolytic grinding precision hole enlarging processing device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The fixing frame is made of insulating material with a circular ring structure, and is fitted with the cathode wire with a gap to assist in supporting the cathode wire.

3. The electrolytic grinding precision hole enlarging processing device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The spiral chip conveying groove changes the chip removal mode by changing the upper and lower spiral directions and structures.

4. The electrolytic grinding precision hole enlarging processing device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The bottom surface of the top cover is sprayed with glue to achieve an insulating effect.

5. The electrolytic grinding precision hole enlarging processing device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The water level detection sensor detects the water level condition in real time.

6. The electrolytic grinding precision hole enlarging processing device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The thrust ball bearing is conductive, and can carry a maximum current of 20A and a maximum voltage of 10V.

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