A design optimization method for terminal lobby in Northwest China

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of building environment evaluation, and relates to a method for optimizing the design of terminal vestibules in the northwest region, including: 1. investigation of terminal landside vestibules; 2. simulation of indoor passenger flow in the terminal; 3. transient simulation of airflow organization in the terminal vestibule space; 4. optimization simulation research of terminal vestibules based on vestibule space design; the present invention establishes a basic database through different terminal types, and proposes a complete optimization system for terminal vestibule design through multi-software simulation collaboration, which solves the lack of the existing terminal vestibule design research system, and conducts multi-software collaborative simulation in combination with actual conditions while reducing the architectural design perspective, presenting the characteristics of systematicity, accuracy, and design optimization, which not only meets the basic requirements of the specific building of the terminal vestibule, but also optimizes the vestibule design, improves the thermal environment of the vestibule, that is, adjacent to the hall, reduces the energy consumption of the terminal, and improves the comfort of personnel and other actual needs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building environment evaluation and relates to a door lobby design optimization method suitable for terminal buildings in the northwest region. Background Art

[0002] my country currently has a total of 231 civil aviation airports, of which 184 are small and medium-sized, accounting for nearly 80%. This distribution of airports in Northwest China also reflects this trend. As of 2017, among the 40 civil aviation airports in the five northwestern provinces, 35 were small and medium-sized airports with annual passenger throughput of less than 5 million. The Civil Aviation Administration of China has issued the "Guidelines for the Construction of Four-Type Airports" (MH / T 50449-2020), which mandates the development of four-type airports centered on "safety, greenness, intelligence, and humanity." Implementing these guidelines in terminal design is crucial, as entrance and exit spaces are the first step in the passenger flow process. Therefore, the design of the lobby, as an entry and exit space, is essential.

[0003] Most of the existing door lobby research focuses on the entrance and exit door lobby of public buildings, and there is less research on the landside entrance and exit space of airport terminals. However, airport buildings are different from these two types of buildings and have unique aviation processes, so their reference value has certain limitations. Some transportation building door lobby research focuses on station buildings, which are different from airport terminal buildings. Moreover, most of the research is steady-state research, that is, the door leaves are in an open state, which deviates greatly from the actual situation. Currently, the design of terminal door lobby is mostly based on the requirements of facade shape.

[0004] However, existing research on landside entrance and exit spaces in airport terminals is limited, with most studies focusing on public buildings. Existing quantitative entrance and exit space studies rely solely on field measurements, without analyzing the results to optimize architectural design. Furthermore, the integration of field research and simulation analysis fails to consider building type, nor does it analyze the frequency of entrance and exit space usage across different building types, which reduces the accuracy of the results. Steady-state studies often fail to consider the time-varying characteristics of pedestrian traffic in transportation buildings, which is inconsistent with reality. Furthermore, design based solely on form leads to a poor thermal environment at the entrance lobby, significantly impacting the indoor physical environment. Later attempts to mitigate this impact with active equipment have resulted in significant energy consumption and economic losses, lacking a scientific and systematic design system.

[0005] Therefore, a design optimization method for terminal lobby in Northwest China is needed to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a method for optimizing the design of terminal lobby in Northwest China, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Survey the landside gates of the terminal. By extracting specific data that matches each terminal type, a database is established through exhaustive analysis to adapt to the needs of various terminals.

[0008] Specific data for terminal types include: an overview of terminal lobby space design, factors influencing terminal lobby design;

[0009] The terminal lobby space design overview includes: aviation processes, industrial product attributes, barrier-free design, design specification requirements, artistic requirements, energy consumption requirements, and lobby personnel comfort;

[0010] Factors influencing terminal lobby design include: lobby span, lobby depth, lobby height, lobby location, number and location of door leaves, door leaf opening time, and peak hour passenger volume;

[0011] Based on the survey, we gathered information on terminal entrance and exit space in the Northwest region and project construction experience, and summarized the basic requirements for terminal landside entrance and exit space. We also conducted a quantitative analysis of the basic requirements for each terminal type, summarized the factors affecting terminal landside entrance and exit space, and established an adaptation database based on different types. We also conducted a basic data survey on terminal types in the Northwest region and established a database of basic influencing factors.

[0012] Step 2: Simulate passenger flow in the terminal. Based on relevant statistics, obtain terminal flight data, calculate the actual peak-hour passenger volume, combine it with the predicted peak-hour passenger volume, and compare and analyze the peak-hour passenger volume to determine the terminal's peak-hour passenger flow. By studying the airport's internal flow organization and basic aviation processes, a basic model is built, and corresponding logical flow diagrams are established for the processes. The terminal's passenger routes are optimized, and the terminal entrance and exit space access and passenger flow efficiency values ​​are determined under peak-hour passenger volume.

[0013] Flight data includes: aviation procedures, flight arrival and departure times, and indoor passenger flow organization;

[0014] Through relevant statistics, we obtain the terminal flight data to get the terminal peak hour passenger flow, and build a basic model in the software to meet the unique aviation process and passenger flow of the characteristic terminal.

[0015] Step 3: Transient simulation of airflow organization in the terminal lobby space. Based on the specific data of the actual terminal lobby space and the characteristics of the terminal, a model is established and basic parameters are set. Through the analysis of the terminal entrance and exit space design factors, different entrance and exit space schemes in the database are determined, and CFD simulation analysis is performed on different schemes.

[0016] Based on the conclusions drawn from the software, a model was established within the software, and an optimized design was carried out based on the basic terminal model. CFD simulation analysis was conducted on different schemes, and the terminal lobby space was optimized based on the simulation results. Based on the multiple optimization schemes obtained from the simulation, the software was used to simulate passenger flow organization and obtain relevant data such as personnel density and traffic efficiency.

[0017] Step 4: Conduct terminal lobby optimization simulation based on lobby space design; optimize the terminal lobby space design based on the simulation results;

[0018] Based on comprehensive analysis of the simulation results, the optimal design scheme for the terminal lobby was obtained.

[0019] Preferably, the indoor passenger flow simulation of the terminal in step 2 adopts Anylogicr software, which is an indoor passenger flow simulation of the terminal based on Anylogic behavior analysis. When building the basic model, the basic model is built in Anylogic software, and the Anylogic software is used to determine the opening status of the terminal entrance and exit space and the personnel passage efficiency under peak hour population.

[0020] Preferably, the transient simulation of the airflow organization in the terminal lobby space in step three adopts Cradle stream software, which is a transient simulation of the airflow organization in the terminal lobby space based on Cradle CFD, and the model is established in Cradlestream software.

[0021] Preferably, the optimization design content in step 4 includes: door lobby direction, door lobby form, door lobby size, door leaf organization method, peak hour passenger flow, and door lobby hot air curtain position.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. The present invention proposes a design optimization system for terminal lobby, which solves the deficiencies of the existing terminal lobby design research system. While reducing the architectural design perspective, it conducts multi-software collaborative simulation in combination with actual conditions, presenting the characteristics of systematicity, accuracy, and design optimization. It not only meets the basic requirements of the specific architecture of the terminal lobby, but also optimizes the lobby design, improves the thermal environment of the lobby adjacent to the hall, reduces the energy consumption of the terminal, and improves the comfort of personnel and other practical needs.

[0024] 2. The present invention can be used for the design and research of various types of terminal lobby in the northwest region, especially for optimizing and analyzing the preliminary design of the lobby during the scheme design phase, thus avoiding to a great extent the need to reduce the thermal environment by adding mechanical measures such as hot air curtains and geothermal radiation after completion, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the terminal.

[0025] 3. The present invention takes into account the terminal's unique aviation processes, conducts optimization research on different terminal lobby, considers terminal aviation processes, fire protection requirements, structural design, industrial products, barrier-free requirements, energy-saving requirements, intelligent perspectives, personnel comfort and other aspects, and combines systematic and accurate multi-software collaborative simulation to develop an optimization plan for terminal lobby. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the design optimization method for terminal lobby in Northwest China;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a diagram for establishing the terminal door lobby adaptability database;

[0028] Figure 3 It is the Anylogic terminal model and logic diagram;

[0029] Figure 4 It is the accumulation diagram of the time of passengers passing through each exit;

[0030] Figure 5 It is the wind speed cloud map of each optimization scheme;

[0031] Figure 6 is the temperature cloud map of each optimization scheme;

[0032] Figure 7 This is the time distribution diagram of the number of passengers passing through each exit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the relevant technologies in the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] refer to Figures 1 to 7 A design optimization method for terminal lobby in Northwest China includes the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: Survey the landside gates of the terminal. By extracting specific data that matches each terminal type, a database is established through exhaustive analysis to adapt to the needs of various terminals.

[0036] Specific data for terminal types include: an overview of terminal lobby space design, factors influencing terminal lobby design;

[0037] The terminal lobby space design overview includes: aviation processes, industrial product attributes, barrier-free design, design specification requirements, artistic requirements, energy consumption requirements, and lobby personnel comfort;

[0038] Factors influencing terminal lobby design include: lobby span, lobby depth, lobby height, lobby location, number and location of door leaves, door leaf opening time, and peak hour passenger volume;

[0039] Based on the survey, we gathered information on terminal entrance and exit space in the Northwest region and project construction experience, and summarized the basic requirements for terminal landside entrance and exit space. We also conducted a quantitative analysis of the basic requirements for each terminal type, summarized the factors affecting terminal landside entrance and exit space, and established an adaptation database based on different types. We also conducted a basic data survey on terminal types in the Northwest region and established a database of basic influencing factors.

[0040] Step 2: Simulate passenger flow in the terminal. Based on relevant statistics, obtain terminal flight data, calculate the actual peak-hour passenger volume, combine it with the predicted peak-hour passenger volume, and compare and analyze the peak-hour passenger volume to determine the terminal's peak-hour passenger flow. By studying the airport's internal flow organization and basic aviation processes, a basic model is built, and corresponding logical flow diagrams are established for the processes. The terminal's passenger routes are optimized, and the terminal entrance and exit space access and passenger flow efficiency values ​​are determined under peak-hour passenger volume.

[0041] Flight data includes: aviation procedures, flight arrival and departure times, and indoor passenger flow organization;

[0042] Through relevant statistics, we obtain the terminal flight data to get the terminal peak hour passenger flow, and build a basic model in the software to meet the unique aviation process and passenger flow of the characteristic terminal.

[0043] Step 3: Transient simulation of airflow organization in the terminal lobby space. Based on the specific data of the actual terminal lobby space and the characteristics of the terminal, a model is established and basic parameters are set. Through the analysis of the terminal entrance and exit space design factors, different entrance and exit space schemes in the database are determined, and CFD simulation analysis is performed on different schemes.

[0044] Based on the conclusions drawn from the software, a model was established within the software, and an optimized design was carried out based on the basic terminal model. CFD simulation analysis was conducted on different schemes, and the terminal lobby space was optimized based on the simulation results. Based on the multiple optimization schemes obtained from the simulation, the software was used to simulate passenger flow organization and obtain relevant data such as personnel density and traffic efficiency.

[0045] Step 4: Conduct terminal lobby optimization simulation based on lobby space design; optimize the terminal lobby space design based on the simulation results;

[0046] Based on comprehensive analysis of the simulation results, the optimal design scheme for the terminal lobby was obtained.

[0047] Furthermore, the terminal indoor passenger flow simulation in step 2 uses AnyLogic software, which is an indoor passenger flow simulation based on AnyLogic behavior analysis. When building a basic model, the basic model is built in AnyLogic software, and AnyLogic software is used to determine the terminal entrance and exit space access and personnel traffic efficiency under peak hour crowds.

[0048] Furthermore, the transient simulation of the airflow organization in the terminal lobby space in step 3 is performed using Cradlestream software, which is a transient simulation of the airflow organization in the terminal lobby space based on Cradle CFD. The model is established in Cradlestream software.

[0049] Furthermore, the optimization design content in step 4 includes: door lobby direction, door lobby form, door lobby size, door leaf organization method, peak hour passenger flow, and door lobby hot air curtain position.

[0050] Example

[0051] This embodiment emphasizes three major features: systematicity, accuracy, and optimized design:

[0052] 1. Systematic, such as Figure 1 :

[0053] ① Establish a basic database, such as Figure 2 :From the survey, we obtained the terminal entrance and exit space data and project construction experience in the Northwest region, and summarized the basic requirements for the terminal landside entrance and exit space; quantitatively analyzed the basic requirements of each terminal under different types, summarized the factors affecting the terminal landside entrance and exit space, and established an adaptation database according to different types.

[0054] ② Obtain terminal flight data through relevant statistics to obtain the terminal peak hour passenger flow, and build a basic model in AnyLogic software, such as Figure 3 , meeting the unique aviation processes and passenger flow lines of the characteristic terminal, such as Figure 4 .

[0055] ③ Based on the conclusions obtained from AnyLogic software, a model was established in Cradle stream software, and an optimized design was performed based on the terminal building basic model. CFD simulation analysis was performed for different schemes, such as Figure 5 、 Figure 6 , and optimized the design of the terminal lobby space based on the simulation results.

[0056] ④ Based on the multiple optimization schemes obtained from Cradle CFD simulation, the crowd organization simulation was carried out in AnyLogic software to obtain relevant data such as personnel density and traffic efficiency, such as Figure 7 .

[0057] ⑤ Based on the comprehensive analysis of the results obtained from CFD simulation and Anylogic simulation, the optimized design scheme of the terminal lobby was obtained.

[0058] 2. Accuracy

[0059] ①Investigate basic data of airport terminals in Northwest China and establish a database of basic influencing factors.

[0060] ② Statistics on passenger flow during peak hours in the existing terminal are combined with AnyLogic software to conduct simulation analysis of passenger flow organization.

[0061] ③ Carry out Cradle CFD transient simulation based on Anylogic software simulation analysis and conduct analysis based on actual conditions.

[0062] ④Perform AnyLogic simulation again based on the Cradle CFD simulation results to obtain relevant data.

[0063] Optimized design

[0064] This embodiment is based on the basic lobby model of the terminal building, which reduces the impact on the design angle of the terminal building. At the same time, through systematic and accurate simulation analysis, it is concluded that it meets the original conditions while having good thermal environment and energy saving characteristics.

[0065] The system flow chart of this embodiment mentions that CFD simulation and passenger flow organization simulation are performed using CRADLE SCSTRESAM software and AnyLogic software, and other software can be used for simulation and analysis. This embodiment is aimed at terminals in the northwest region, but the basic system can be used for the gate lobby design of terminals in other regions, providing optimized design for the gate lobby of other terminals.

[0066] In summary, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the design of terminal lobby that is applicable to the northwest region. By establishing a basic database based on different terminal types, a complete optimization system is proposed for the design of terminal lobby through multi-software simulation collaboration, which solves the lack of existing research systems for terminal lobby design. While reducing the architectural design perspective, multi-software collaborative simulation is performed in combination with actual conditions, presenting the characteristics of systematicity, accuracy, and design optimization. It not only meets the basic requirements of the specific architecture of the terminal lobby, but also optimizes the lobby design, improves the thermal environment of the lobby, which is adjacent to the hall, reduces the energy consumption of the terminal, and improves the comfort of personnel. Therefore, the present invention has broad application prospects.

[0067] It should be emphasized that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design optimization method for terminal building lobby in Northwest China, characterized by: The steps include: Step 1: Conduct a survey of the landside gates of the terminal. By extracting specific data that matches each terminal type, we will build a database through exhaustive analysis to adapt to the needs of various terminals. The specific data of the terminal type include: an overview of the terminal lobby space design and factors affecting the terminal lobby design; The terminal lobby space design overview includes: aviation processes, industrial product attributes, barrier-free design, design specification requirements, artistic requirements, energy consumption requirements, and lobby personnel comfort; The factors affecting the design of the terminal lobby include: lobby span, lobby depth, lobby height, lobby location, number and location of door leaves, door leaf opening time, and peak hour passenger volume; Step 2: Simulate passenger flow in the terminal. Based on relevant statistics, obtain terminal flight data, calculate the actual peak-hour passenger volume, combine it with the predicted peak-hour passenger volume, and compare and analyze the peak-hour passenger volume to determine the terminal's peak-hour passenger flow. By studying the airport's internal flow organization and basic aviation processes, a basic model is built, and corresponding logical flow diagrams are established for the processes. The terminal's passenger routes are optimized, and the terminal entrance and exit space access and passenger flow efficiency values ​​are determined under peak-hour passenger volume. The flight data includes: aviation process, flight arrival and departure times, and indoor passenger flow organization; Step 3: Transient simulation of airflow organization in the terminal lobby space. Based on the specific data of the actual terminal lobby space and the characteristics of the terminal, a model is established and basic parameters are set. Through the analysis of the terminal entrance and exit space design factors, different entrance and exit space schemes in the database are determined, and CFD simulation analysis is performed on different schemes. Step 4: Conduct terminal lobby optimization simulation research based on lobby space design; optimize the terminal lobby space based on the simulation results.

2. The design optimization method for terminal building lobby in Northwest China according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The terminal indoor passenger flow simulation in step 2 uses AnyLogic software, which is based on AnyLogic behavioral analysis. When building a basic model, the basic model is built in AnyLogic software, and AnyLogic software is used to determine the terminal entrance and exit space access status and personnel traffic efficiency under peak hour crowds.

3. The design optimization method for terminal building lobby in Northwest China according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transient simulation of the airflow organization in the terminal lobby space in step 3 is performed using Cradle stream software, which is a transient simulation of the airflow organization in the terminal lobby space based on CradleCFD. The model is established in Cradle stream software.

4. The design optimization method for terminal building lobby in Northwest China according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The optimization design content in step 4 includes: door lobby direction, door lobby form, door lobby size, door leaf organization method, peak hour passenger flow, and door lobby hot air curtain position.

Images