Vine pulling, chopping and spreading device for potato harvesting

Abstract

The present invention provides a vine pulling, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting, characterized in that it comprises a frame, a guide device, a vine gathering and pulling device, a clamping and conveying device, a vine cutting device and a scattering device, wherein the vine gathering and pulling device comprises a vine gathering device, a vine pulling device and a potato pressing device, a vine cutting frame is arranged behind the clamping and conveying frame, the vine cutting device is arranged on the vine cutting frame with a rectangular frame structure, a U-shaped scattering device is fixed behind the vine cutting device, a vine pulling disc in the vine pulling device comprises a fixed disc and a wave edge, and when viewed in the forward direction of the vine pulling, chopping and scattering device, the wave edges of two inclined vine pulling discs at the bottom position of the vine pulling device are fitted and clamped, and the bottom tangent of the wave edge of the vine pulling disc is close to the potato ridge top. The present invention can realize automatic guiding, vine pulling, clamping and conveying, vine crushing and scattering operations, and the machine has a low potato damage and skin breakage rate, a high vine removal rate, and a good vine fine treatment effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention provides a vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting, which is mainly used for clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering the vines left after killing the vines before mechanized potato harvesting. Background Art

[0002] Potatoes are an important staple food and industrial raw material crop in China. Mechanized potato harvesting is a key link in the whole mechanized production of potatoes. Generally, mechanized seedling killing is required before mechanized potato combined harvesting and segmented harvesting. The seedlings and weeds are cut and chopped and then scattered back to the field to avoid potato seedlings and weeds entangled with the key components of the potato harvester, ensuring the smoothness of the harvesting process; at the same time, timely seedling killing can accelerate the aging of the potato cork layer, reduce the skin breakage rate and potato damage rate in the potato harvesting process, and ensure the harvesting quality. However, in order to avoid mechanical damage to the potato tubers by the crushing knife of the seedling killing machine, the stubble height of the seedlings is generally 100~150mm; the seedlings and vines left on the potato ridges after the seedling killing operation and connected to the potato tubers will affect the separation efficiency and separation quality of the potato harvester separation screen, resulting in low harvesting efficiency and high cost of seedling cleaning and weed removal, which restricts the development of domestic potato harvesting mode and harvesting equipment in the direction of refinement.

[0003] At present, the mechanized potato vine removal has the problems of low potato vine removal rate and large vine stubble height, which will also lead to the need to add a "potato picking" device to separate the potatoes from the vines for mechanized potato harvesting. Incomplete and unsmooth "potato picking" will also affect the harvesting efficiency and cleaning quality. If the potato vines can be directly pulled out and chopped without damaging the potatoes, the fine processing of the vines during potato harvesting can be achieved, which will have important practical significance for the development of mechanized potato harvesting. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a vine vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting to solve the problem of fine processing of the vines left after killing the vines.

[0004] Looking at the current status of the potato harvesting machinery industry, there is an urgent need for a vine clamping, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting that has a high vine removal rate, does not damage potatoes and can achieve fine processing of vines. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vine clamping, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting, which can overcome the problems existing in the existing potato harvesting equipment industry, has a low potato damage and skin breakage rate, a high vine removal rate, a good refined vine treatment effect, and can realize automatic guidance and scatter the crushed vines into the ridge ditch.

[0006] The technical scheme is as follows: it includes a frame, a guiding device, a seedling gathering and pulling device, a clamping and conveying device, a vine cutting device and a scattering device. The frame includes a seedling gathering and pulling frame, a clamping and conveying frame, a vine cutting frame and a seedling guide trough. The frame arranged symmetrically in the transverse direction is divided into three sections: front, middle and rear. Looking toward the forward direction of the seedling and vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device, the seedling gathering and pulling frame is located at the front part of the frame, the clamping and conveying frame is located in the middle part of the frame, the vine cutting frame is located at the rear part of the frame, a baffle plate arranged with a plumb bob is provided at the front end of the seedling gathering and pulling frame, a guiding device is fixed at the lower front part of the baffle plate, a bracket with a double-layer flat plate structure is provided behind the baffle plate, circular holes with consistent axes are provided in the middle parts of the upper flat plate structure and the lower flat plate structure of the bracket, an installation cavity with a semi-enclosed structure opened on one side is provided behind the bracket, and the installation cavity A vertical plate symmetrically arranged along the forward direction of the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device is provided at the rear, a clamping and conveying frame with a triangular structure that is low in the front and high in the back is provided behind the vertical plate, a vine guide groove with a slope that is high in the front and low in the back is provided between the clamping and conveying frames that are symmetrically arranged laterally, a vine cutting frame is provided behind the clamping and conveying frame, the vine cutting device is arranged on the vine cutting frame with a rectangular frame structure, a U-shaped scattering device is fixed to the rear of the vine cutting device, the guide device comprises a guide plate, an adjustment assembly, and a support assembly, the guide device is placed at the front end of the forward direction of the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device, and the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting is provided with two guide devices laterally symmetrically in the horizontal direction, the rear half of the guide plate is an obtuse-angled ridge-like plate composed of an upper plate surface and a side plate surface, and the front of the guide plate The half part is provided with a guide plate I tilted forward and upward, and the guide plate I forms an angle of 15~25° with the ridge-like plate. Two sliding rings with cylindrical hollow structures are arranged on the top of the board surface of the ridge-like plate. The adjustment component includes an adjusting plate, a spring I, a pin shaft I, a spring II and a pin shaft II. The adjusting plate includes a flat plate I and a fixed ring I. The flat plate I in the shape of a rectangular flat plate is coplanar with the upper board surface of the ridge-like plate in the horizontal direction. The length of the flat plate I is consistent with the length of the board surface of the ridge-like plate, and a certain gap is left between the flat plate I and the upper board surface of the ridge-like plate in the horizontal direction. Two fixed rings I with cylindrical hollow structures are arranged on the flat plate I in the front and back. The axes of the two fixed rings I coincide with the axes of the two sliding rings respectively, and the inner diameter of the fixed ring I is equal to the inner diameter of the sliding ring. A circular hole with the same radius as the pin shaft II is provided at the bottom, one end of the two pin shafts I is fixed in the fixing ring I, and the other end of the pin shaft I slides in the sliding ring after passing through the spring I respectively. The two springs I are arranged on the two pin shafts I between the sliding ring and the fixing ring I, and a spring seat is provided at the bottom end of the pin shaft II. The spring II is arranged between the lower surface of the adjusting plate and the spring seat. The support assembly includes a support I, a support II, a support rod and a fixing plate. The end of the support rod arranged with a low front and a high back and close to the pin shaft II is fixedly connected to the baffle of the frame through the support I, and the end of the support rod away from the pin shaft II is fixedly connected to the front of the flat plate I through the support II. The front plate surface of the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the fixing ring II with a cylindrical hollow structure, and the rear plate surface of the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the baffle. The upper end of the pin shaft II is fixed in the fixing ring II.The pin shaft II shaft section at the upper end of the spring seat passes through the circular hole at the rear of the adjusting plate and slides in the circular hole. The seedling gathering and pulling device includes a seedling gathering device, a seedling pulling device and a potato pressing device. The seedling gathering and pulling device is placed behind the guide device in the forward direction of the seedling clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device. The seedling clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting is laterally symmetrically provided with two seedling gathering devices in the horizontal direction. The seedling gathering device includes a mounting plate, a hydraulic motor I, a seedling gathering roller and a coupling. The upper part of the upper flat plate structure of the bracket is fixed with a hydraulic motor I through the mounting plate. A cylindrical seedling gathering roller is provided under the lower flat plate structure of the bracket. The bottom plane of the seedling gathering roller is close to the top of the potato ridge. A coupling for fixing the hydraulic motor I and the seedling gathering roller together is provided between the double-layer flat plate structures of the bracket. The harvested seedling vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device is laterally symmetrically provided with two seedling pulling devices in the horizontal direction, the seedling pulling device includes a seedling pulling disc, reinforcing ribs, a mounting plate and a hydraulic motor II, the seedling pulling disc includes a fixed disc and a wave edge, the wave-shaped wave edge is arranged on the outer periphery of the fixed disc, the curved surface of the wave edge is smoothly and naturally connected with the plane of the fixed disc, the output shaft of the hydraulic motor II passes through the circular hole of the boss on the fixed disc and is connected with the seedling pulling disc, the hydraulic motor II is fixed to one side opening of the mounting cavity through the mounting plate, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are evenly arranged on the seedling pulling disc, one end of the cylindrical reinforcing rib is connected to the boss on the fixed disc, the other end of the reinforcing rib is extended and fixed to the outer periphery of the wave edge of the seedling pulling disc, and when viewed in the forward direction of the seedling vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device, the two symmetrically arranged seedling pulling discs It is arranged in an inclined manner of "loose at the front and tight at the back, loose at the top and tight at the bottom". The wave edges of two inclined pulling discs at the bottom of the pulling disc are clamped together, and the bottom tangent of the wave edge of the pulling disc is close to the top of the potato ridge. The vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting is provided with two potato pressing devices in a horizontally symmetrical manner. The potato pressing device includes a potato pressing plate and a limiting shaft. The potato pressing plate includes a flat plate II and a guide plate II. The front part of the rectangular flat plate II is provided with a guide plate II tilted forward and upward. The lower surface of the guide plate II and the bottom surface of the flat plate II form an angle of 5 to 10 degrees. A connecting plate perpendicular to the flat plate II is provided on the flat plate II along the length direction of the flat plate II, and the connecting plate is fixed to the inner side of the vertical plate through the limiting shaft. The clamping and conveying device includes a clamping device and a transmission device The clamping and conveying device is placed behind the seedling gathering and pulling device. The vine clamping, pulling, chopping and throwing device for potato harvesting is symmetrically provided with two clamping devices in the horizontal direction. The clamping device includes a clamping belt, a driving wheel, a reversing wheel, a supporting wheel and a guard plate. The inner side of the clamping belt arranged with a plumb bob on the working surface is provided with evenly arranged grooves along the contour direction of the clamping belt. The two groups of clamping belts are arranged on a clamping and conveying frame with a triangular structure of low front and high back. The two groups of driving wheels are respectively arranged at the higher end of the two groups of clamping belts close to the clamping and conveying frame. The two groups of reversing wheels are respectively arranged at the lower end of the two groups of clamping belts close to the clamping and conveying frame. A plurality of supporting wheels are staggered inside the two groups of clamping belts. The gear teeth of the supporting wheels are meshed with the grooves inside the clamping belts. Guard plates are respectively provided above and below the clamping belts.The transmission device includes a bevel gear, a transmission shaft and a sprocket I. Two bevel gears facing opposite directions are arranged in the middle of the transmission shaft. Two bevel gears perpendicular to the bevel gear arranged in the middle of the transmission shaft are arranged above two sets of driving wheels respectively. One end of the transmission shaft is supported on a bearing, and the other end of the transmission shaft is provided with a sprocket I. The vine cutting device includes a shield, a vine cutting shaft, a vine cutting disk, a vine cutting knife and a hydraulic motor III. The vine cutting device is arranged on a vine cutting frame. The vine cutting device is placed behind the clamping and conveying device in the forward direction of the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device. The cutting cavity with a cubic hollow structure is provided with rectangular openings at the front and rear, a fixed knife with a length consistent with the length of the opening is provided at the lower rear of the front opening of the cutting cavity, the cutting shaft can be rotatably fixed on both sides of the cutting cavity, a double-row sprocket is provided at one end of the cutting shaft, a transmission cavity with a lower opening is provided at the front of the cutting cavity, a transmission device is provided in the transmission cavity, a hydraulic motor III is fixed to the upper part of the cutting cavity through a mounting plate, a sprocket II is provided at the shaft end of the output shaft of the hydraulic motor III, a chain is hung between the sprocket I and one of the sprockets of the double-row sprocket The sprocket I is provided with a chain II between the sprocket II and another sprocket of the double-row sprocket. A plurality of disc-shaped vine-cutting discs are fixed on the vine-cutting shaft at equal intervals. The circumferential positions of the plurality of vine-cutting discs are fixed to the "L"-shaped vertical sides of a plurality of "L"-shaped tool holders. A plurality of vine-cutting knives whose length directions are consistent with the length directions of the vine-cutting shafts are fixed to the "L"-shaped bottom sides of the tool holders. The spreading device comprises a U-shaped plate I, a U-shaped plate II, a front baffle and a rear baffle. The spreading device with a cavity structure is placed in a direction of cutting in the forward direction of the vine-cutter clamping, pulling, chopping and spreading device. Behind the vine cutting device, the U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped plate I is flush with the top of the vine cutting device, the U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped plate II is close to the top of the potato ridge, the U-shaped side of the U-shaped plate II is close to the side of the potato ridge, and the height of the discharge port formed by the end of the U-shaped side of the U-shaped plate I away from the U-shaped bottom, the end of the U-shaped side of the U-shaped plate II away from the U-shaped bottom and the bottom of the front baffle and the rear baffle are all higher than the height of the ridge ditch. The upper part of the front baffle is provided with a feed port, and the feed port is connected to the opening at the rear of the vine cutting chamber.

[0007] Based on the prior art, the present invention comprises a transversely symmetrically arranged frame which is divided into three sections: front, middle and rear. Looking toward the forward direction of the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device, the vine gathering and pulling frame is located at the front part of the frame, the clamping and conveying frame is located in the middle part of the frame, and the vine cutting frame is located at the rear part of the frame; a baffle plate arranged with a plumb bob is provided at the very front end of the vine gathering and pulling frame, a guide device is fixed at the lower front part of the baffle plate, a bracket with a double-layer flat plate structure is provided behind the baffle plate, circular holes with consistent axes are provided in the middle parts of the upper flat plate structure and the lower flat plate structure of the bracket, an installation cavity with a semi-enclosed structure opened on one side is provided behind the bracket, and vertical plates symmetrically arranged along the forward direction of the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device are provided behind the installation cavity A clamping and conveying frame with a triangular structure of low front and high back is provided behind the vertical plate, and a guide groove with a slope of high front and low back is provided between the clamping and conveying frames arranged symmetrically in the transverse direction; a vine cutting frame is provided behind the clamping and conveying frame, and a vine cutting device is arranged on the vine cutting frame with a rectangular frame structure, and a U-shaped scattering device is fixed to the rear of the vine cutting device; the guiding device is placed at the front end of the forward direction of the vine clamping, chopping and scattering device, and the vine clamping, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting is provided with two guiding devices in the horizontal direction in a transverse symmetric manner; the rear half of the guide plate is an obtuse-angled ridge-like plate composed of an upper plate surface and a side plate surface, and the front half of the guide plate is provided with a guide plate I tilted forward and upward, and the guide plate I and the ridge-like The plate is at an angle of 15~25°, and two sliding rings with cylindrical hollow structures are arranged on the top of the plate surface of the ridge-like plate in front and back; the rectangular flat plate I of the adjusting plate is coplanar with the upper plate surface of the ridge-like plate in the horizontal direction, the length of the flat plate I is consistent with the length of the plate surface of the ridge-like plate, and a certain gap is left between the upper plate surface of the ridge-like plate in the horizontal direction, and two fixing rings I with cylindrical hollow structures are arranged on the flat plate I in front and back, the axes of the two fixing rings I coincide with the axes of the two sliding rings respectively, and the inner diameter of the fixing ring I is equal to the inner diameter of the sliding ring, and a circular hole with the same radius as the pin shaft II is arranged at the rear of the adjusting plate, one end of the two pin shafts I is fixed in the fixing ring I, and the other end of the pin shaft I is fixed in the fixing ring I The two ends respectively pass through spring I and slide in the sliding ring. Two springs I are arranged on two pin shafts I between the sliding ring and the fixed ring I. A spring seat is provided at the bottom end of pin shaft II. Spring II is arranged between the lower surface of the adjustment plate and the spring seat. The end of the support rod of the support assembly, which is arranged low in front and high in the back, close to pin shaft II is fixedly connected to the baffle of the frame through support I, and the end of the support rod away from pin shaft II is fixedly connected to the front of the flat plate I through support II. The front plate surface of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the fixed ring II with a cylindrical hollow structure, and the rear plate surface of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the baffle. The upper end of pin shaft II is fixed in the fixed ring II, and the pin shaft II shaft section at the upper end of the spring seat passes through the circular hole at the rear of the adjustment plate and slides in the circular hole. The seedling gathering and pulling device is placed behind the guide device in the forward direction of the seedling clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device.The vine-grass-pulling, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting is laterally symmetrically provided with two vine-grass-gathering devices in the horizontal direction; a hydraulic motor I is fixed to the upper part of the upper flat plate structure of the bracket through a mounting plate; a cylindrical vine-grass-gathering roller is provided below the lower flat plate structure of the bracket; the bottom plane of the vine-grass-gathering roller is close to the top of the potato ridge; a coupling for fixing the hydraulic motor I and the vine-grass-gathering roller together is provided between the double-layer flat plate structures of the bracket; the vine-grass-pulling, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting is laterally symmetrically provided with two vine-grass-pulling devices in the horizontal direction; the wavy edge of the vine-grass-pulling disk of the vine-grass-pulling device is provided on the outer periphery of the fixed disk; the curved surface of the wavy edge is smoothly and naturally transitionally connected to the plane of the fixed disk; the output shaft of the hydraulic motor II passes through the It is connected to the seedling pulling disc through the round hole of the boss on the fixed disc, and the hydraulic motor II is fixed to the opening on one side of the mounting cavity through the mounting plate. A plurality of reinforcing ribs are evenly arranged on the seedling pulling disc, and one end of the cylindrical reinforcing rib is connected to the boss on the fixed disc, and the other end of the reinforcing rib is extended and fixed to the outer periphery of the wave edge of the seedling pulling disc. When viewed in the forward direction of the seedling vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device, the two symmetrically arranged seedling pulling discs are in an inclined arrangement form of "loose in front and tight in the back, loose on the top and tight on the bottom". At the bottom position of the seedling pulling device, the wave edges of the two inclined seedling pulling discs are clamped together, and the bottom tangent of the wave edge of the seedling pulling disc is close to the top of the potato ridge; the seedling vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting is laterally symmetrically provided with two pressure The potato pressing device comprises a rectangular flat plate II of the potato pressing plate of the potato pressing device, and the front part of the rectangular flat plate II is provided with a guide plate II tilted forward and upward, and the lower surface of the guide plate II and the bottom surface of the flat plate II form an angle of 5-10 degrees. A connecting plate perpendicular to the flat plate II is provided on the flat plate II along the length direction of the flat plate II, and the connecting plate is fixed to the inner side of the vertical plate through a limiting shaft; the clamping and conveying device is placed behind the seedling gathering and pulling device, and the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and throwing device for potato harvesting is symmetrically provided with two clamping devices in the horizontal direction, and the inner side of the clamping belt arranged with a plumb bob on the working surface of the clamping device is provided with evenly arranged grooves along the contour direction of the clamping belt, and the two groups of clamping belts are arranged on a clamping and conveying frame with a triangular structure with a low front and a high rear, and the two groups of driving wheels are respectively provided with The two sets of clamping belts are arranged at the higher end of the clamping conveyor frame, and the two sets of reversing wheels are respectively arranged at the lower end of the two sets of clamping belts near the clamping conveyor frame. A plurality of supporting wheels are staggered inside the two sets of clamping belts, and the gear teeth of the supporting wheels are meshed with the grooves inside the clamping belts. Guard plates are respectively arranged above and below the clamping belts. Two bevel gears facing opposite directions are arranged in the middle of the transmission shaft of the transmission device, and two bevel gears perpendicular to the bevel gear arranged in the middle of the transmission shaft are respectively arranged above the two sets of driving wheels. One end of the transmission shaft is supported on a bearing, and a sprocket I is arranged at the other end of the transmission shaft. The vine cutting device is arranged on the vine cutting frame, and the vine cutting device is arranged behind the clamping conveyor device in the forward direction of the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and throwing device.The front and rear parts of the cutting vine chamber, which is a cubic cavity structure, are provided with rectangular openings. A fixed knife with a length consistent with the length of the opening is provided at the lower part behind the front opening of the cutting vine chamber. The cutting vine shaft can be rotatably fixed on both sides of the cutting vine chamber. A double-row sprocket is provided at one end of the cutting vine shaft. A transmission chamber with an opening at the lower part is provided at the front part of the cutting vine chamber, and a transmission device is arranged in the transmission chamber. The hydraulic motor III is fixed to the upper part of the cutting vine chamber through a mounting plate, and a sprocket II is provided at the shaft end of the output shaft of the hydraulic motor III. A chain I is hung between the sprocket I and one of the sprockets of the double-row sprocket, and a chain II is hung between the sprocket II and the other sprocket of the double-row sprocket. Three disc-shaped cutting vine discs are fixed on the cutting vine shaft at equal intervals. The circumferential positions of the three cutting vine discs are fixed to the "L"-shaped vertical sides of eight "L"-shaped tool holders. A plurality of cutting vine knives with a length direction consistent with the length direction of the cutting vine shaft are fixed to the "L"-shaped bottom side of the tool holder. The scattering device with a cavity structure is placed behind the vine cutting device in the forward direction of the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device. The U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped U-shaped plate I is flush with the top of the vine cutting device, the U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped U-shaped plate II is close to the top of the potato ridge, and the U-shaped side of the U-shaped plate II is close to the side of the potato ridge. The height of the discharge port formed by the end of the U-shaped side of the U-shaped plate I away from the U-shaped bottom, the end of the U-shaped side of the U-shaped plate II away from the U-shaped bottom and the bottom of the front baffle and the rear baffle are all higher than the height of the ridge ditch. The upper part of the front baffle is provided with a feed port, and the feed port is connected to the opening at the rear of the vine cutting cavity. ;

[0008] Its working principle is as follows: the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and spreading device moves forward along the potato ridge under the driving action of the tractor, the ridge-like plate of the guide device fits the top and side of the potato ridge, and the springs I and II of the adjustment component can be in a compressed and extended state in real time, so as to realize the floating adjustment of the distance between the ridge-like plate and the potato ridge to adapt to the working conditions of the ridge width and the ridge height. The two seedling gathering rollers rotate toward the inside of the rollers under the driving action of the hydraulic motor I, and the two seedling pulling discs rotate from front to back under the driving action of the hydraulic motor II, so as to gather the vines left after killing the seedlings above the potato ridge towards the middle position of the potato ridge, waiting for the subsequent seedling pulling disc to clamp and pull. In the process of the device moving forward, the vines gather in the middle of the potato ridge and enter the gap in front of the two seedling pulling discs, and gradually approach the clamping point position below the seedling pulling disc. The two seedling pulling discs use the clamping gap of the bottom wave edge to pull the vines out of the potato ridge, and the vines rotate backward under the clamping action of the seedling pulling disc.

[0009] Since the two pulling trays are arranged in the form of "loose in front and tight in the back, loose on the top and tight on the bottom", the distance between the wave edges of the pulling trays gradually increases from the clamping point position, and the clamping force of the clamped part of the vine gradually decreases, and finally the vine is loosened behind the pulling tray and sent to the clamping and conveying device. In the process of pulling the vine from the ridge, the potato pressing plate is used to prevent potato blocks and soil blocks from being pulled out together with the vine. At the driven wheel of the clamping and conveying device, the vines pulled out by the seedling pulling disc enter between the two clamping belts, the supporting wheel provides clamping force, and the clamping belt wraps the vines and conveys them obliquely upward. When the vines are conveyed to the driving wheel, the potato vines enter the seedling guide groove below and fall to the fixed knife in the vine cutting device. Driven by the hydraulic motor III, the vine cutting shaft drives the vine cutting knife to rotate at high speed, cutting the potato vines that slide to the fixed knife into pieces, and using the air flow field of the vine cutting knife to throw the broken vines backwards to the feeding port of the spreading device, the broken vines are scattered into the ditches on both sides of the potato ridge through the opening at the bottom of the spreading device.

[0010] Compared with the existing status in the art, the present invention adopts a vine processing method of automatic guidance - rotary vine gathering - vine clamping and pulling - clamping and conveying - vine cutting and crushing - scattering in the ridge ditch, which can finely handle the remaining vines after mechanized vine killing, achieve good vine pulling effect, and stably and reliably clamp and convey the vines and scatter the crushed vines, greatly reducing the burden of impurity cleaning and separation of the potato harvester. Due to the provision of a guiding device, automatic guidance can be achieved through the ridge-like plates that fit the top and sides of the potato ridge, and can adapt to the working conditions of the ridge width and the ridge height fluctuations; due to the provision of a vine gathering roller structure, the ridge gathering is achieved by utilizing the rotation of two vine gathering rollers, which can effectively avoid the situation that the clamping and pulling structure has poor subsequent vine pulling and the vine pulling is missed, which affects the vine pulling effect; due to the provision of a vine pulling disc structure with a wavy edge, the vines can be directly pulled out without damaging the potato tubers, effectively improving the vine removal rate, reducing the potato damage rate, and avoiding "taking potatoes" out during the vine pulling process; The limit axis can adjust the distance between the potato pressing devices to adapt to different changes in ridge shape parameters; since a clamping and conveying device is set up, a flexible clamping and conveying method is adopted, and two clamping belts are used to convey the clamped and pulled vines to the vine cutting device, thereby improving the stability and smoothness of potato vine clamping and ensuring the flexible vine clamping and conveying efficiency; the vine cutting device chops the vines and conveys them to the spreading device, and the chopped vines are scattered into the furrows on both sides of the potato ridge through the U-shaped spreading device, eliminating the phenomenon of vines and vines entangled in key components of subsequent potato harvesters, which can improve the operating efficiency and reliability of mechanized potato harvesting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 is an axonometric diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 The present invention Figure 1 An axonometric view of the frame of the illustrated embodiment;

[0013] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 An axonometric view of another orientation of the illustrated embodiment;

[0014] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 1 An axonometric view of the guide device of the illustrated embodiment;

[0015] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 4 An axonometric view of the guide plate and support assembly of the illustrated embodiment;

[0016] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 4 an axonometric view of the adjustment assembly of the illustrated embodiment;

[0017] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 1 A side view of the device for gathering and pulling out seedlings of the illustrated embodiment;

[0018] Figure 8 The present invention Figure 7 An axonometric view of the seedling gathering device of the illustrated embodiment;

[0019] Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 7 An axonometric view of the seedling pulling device of the illustrated embodiment;

[0020] Fig.10 The present invention Figure 7 Axonometric view of the potato pressing device of the illustrated embodiment;

[0021] Fig.11 The present invention Fig.10 An axonometric view of the potato pressing plate of the illustrated embodiment;

[0022] Fig.12 The present invention Figure 1 An axonometric view of the clamping and conveying device of the illustrated embodiment;

[0023] Fig.13 The present invention Fig.12 The embodiment shown is an axonometric view of the clamping and conveying device with the guard plate hidden;

[0024] Fig.14 The present invention Fig.12 An axonometric view of the transmission of the illustrated embodiment;

[0025] Fig.15 The present invention Figure 1 An axonometric view of the vine cutting device of the illustrated embodiment;

[0026] Fig.16 The present invention Fig.15 An axonometric view of another orientation of the illustrated embodiment;

[0027] Fig.17 The present invention Fig.15 an axonometric view of the illustrated embodiment shield;

[0028] Fig.18 The present invention Fig.17 An axonometric view of another orientation of the illustrated embodiment;

[0029] Fig.19 The present invention Fig.15 The embodiment shown is an axonometric view with the shield hidden;

[0030] Fig. 20 The present invention Figure 1 Axonometric view of the spreading device of the illustrated embodiment. Implementation

[0031] 1. Frame 11, seedling gathering and pulling frame 111, baffle 112, bracket 113, installation cavity 114, vertical plate 12, clamping and conveying frame 13, vine cutting frame 14, seedling guide groove 2, guide device 21, guide plate 211, imitation ridge plate 212, guide plate I 213, sliding ring 22, adjustment component 221, adjustment plate 2211, flat plate I 2212, fixing ring I 222, spring I 223, pin I 224, spring II 225, pin II 23, support component 231, support I 232, support II 233, support rod 234, fixing plate 2341, fixing ring II 3. Seedling gathering and pulling device 31, seedling gathering device 311, mounting plate 312, hydraulic motor I 313, seedling gathering roller 314, coupling 32, seedling pulling device 321, seedling pulling plate 3211, fixed plate 3212, wave edge 322, reinforcing rib 323, hydraulic motor II 33, potato pressing device 331, potato pressing plate 3311, flat plate II 3312, guide plate II 332, limiting shaft 4, clamping conveying device 41, clamping device 411, clamping belt 412, driving wheel 413, reversing wheel 414, supporting wheel 415, guard plate 42, transmission device 421, bevel gear 422, transmission shaft 423, sprocket I 424, double-row sprocket 425, sprocket II 426, chain I 427, chain II 5. Vine cutting device 51, shield 511, vine cutting chamber 512, fixed knife 513, transmission chamber 52, vine cutting shaft 53, vine cutting disc 531, knife holder 54, vine cutting knife 55, hydraulic motor III 6. Spreading device 61, U-shaped plate I 62, U-shaped plate II 63, front baffle 64, rear baffle.

[0032] exist Figures 1 to 20In the embodiment shown, the symmetrically arranged frame 1 is divided into three sections: front, middle and rear. When viewed in the forward direction of the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device, the vine gathering and pulling frame 11 is located at the front of the frame 1, the clamping and conveying frame 12 is located in the middle of the frame 1, and the vine cutting frame 13 is located at the rear of the frame 1; the front end of the vine gathering and pulling frame 11 is provided with a baffle plate 111 arranged with a plumb bob, a guide device 2 is fixed below the front of the baffle plate 111, a bracket 112 with a double-layer flat plate structure is provided behind the baffle plate 111, and a slat structure with the same axis is provided in the middle of the upper flat plate structure and the lower flat plate structure of the bracket 112. A circular hole is provided at the rear of the bracket 112, and a mounting cavity 113 of a semi-enclosed structure with an opening on one side is provided; at the rear of the mounting cavity 113, a vertical plate 114 symmetrically arranged along the forward direction of the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device is provided; at the rear of the vertical plate 114, a clamping and conveying frame 12 of a triangular structure with a low front and a high rear is provided, and between the clamping and conveying frames 12 arranged symmetrically in the transverse direction, a vine guiding groove 14 with a slope with a high front and a low rear is provided; at the rear of the clamping and conveying frame 12, a vine cutting frame 13 is provided, and the vine cutting device 5 is arranged on the vine cutting frame 13 with a rectangular frame structure, and the U-shaped scattering device 6 is fixed at the rear of the vine cutting device 5.The guide device 2 is placed at the front end of the vine clamping, chopping and scattering device in the forward direction. The vine clamping, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting is provided with two guide devices 2 in a horizontally symmetrical manner. The rear half of the guide plate 21 is a blunt-angled ridge-like plate 211 composed of an upper plate surface and a side plate surface. The front half of the guide plate 21 is provided with a guide plate I 212 tilted forward and upward. The guide plate I 212 forms an angle of 15 to 25 degrees with the ridge-like plate 211. Two cylindrical hollow sliding rings 213 are provided at the front and rear of the top of the upper plate surface of the ridge-like plate 211. The flat plate Ⅰ2211 of the adjusting plate 221 of the adjusting assembly 22 is in the same plane with the upper plate surface of the ridge-like plate 211 in the horizontal direction. The length of the flat plate Ⅰ2211 is consistent with the length of the upper plate surface of the ridge-like plate 211, and a certain gap is left between the upper plate surface of the ridge-like plate 211 in the horizontal direction. Two cylindrical hollow structure fixing rings Ⅰ2212 are arranged on the flat plate Ⅰ2211 in the front and back. The axes of the two fixing rings Ⅰ2212 coincide with the axes of the two sliding rings 213 respectively, and the inner diameter of the fixing ring Ⅰ2212 coincides with the inner diameter of the sliding ring 213. The two pins Ⅰ223 are equal in size, and a circular hole with the same radius as the pin shaft Ⅱ225 is provided at the rear of the adjustment plate 221. One end of the two pin shafts Ⅰ223 is fixed in the fixing ring Ⅰ2212, and the other end of the pin shafts Ⅰ223 respectively passes through the springs Ⅰ222 and slides in the sliding ring 213. The two springs Ⅰ222 are arranged on the two pin shafts Ⅰ223 between the sliding ring 213 and the fixing ring Ⅰ2212. A spring seat is provided at the bottom end of the pin shaft Ⅱ225, and the spring Ⅱ224 is arranged between the lower surface of the adjustment plate 221 and the spring seat; the support rod 23 of the support assembly 23 is arranged with a low front and a high rear. The end of the support rod 233 close to the pin shaft II 225 is fixedly connected to the baffle 111 of the frame 1 through the support I 231, the end of the support rod 233 away from the pin shaft II 225 is fixedly connected to the front part of the flat plate I 2211 through the support II 232, the front plate surface of the fixing plate 234 is fixedly connected to the fixing ring II 2341 with a cylindrical hollow structure, the rear plate surface of the fixing plate 234 is fixedly connected to the baffle 111, the upper end of the pin shaft II 225 is fixed in the fixing ring II 2341, and the pin shaft II 225 shaft section at the upper end of the spring seat passes through the circular hole at the rear of the adjusting plate 221 and slides in the circular hole.The seedling gathering and pulling device 3 is placed behind the guide device 2 in the forward direction of the seedling clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device; the seedling clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting is laterally symmetrically provided with two seedling gathering devices 31 in the horizontal direction, a hydraulic motor I 312 is fixed to the upper part of the upper flat plate structure of the bracket 112 through a mounting plate 311, a cylindrical seedling gathering roller 313 is provided under the lower flat plate structure of the bracket 112, the bottom plane of the seedling gathering roller 313 is close to the top of the potato ridge, and a device for fixing the hydraulic motor I 312 and the seedling gathering roller 313 is provided between the double-layer flat plate structures of the bracket 112. The coupling 314 is connected together; the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and throwing device for potato harvesting is provided with two vine pulling devices 32 in a horizontally symmetrical manner, and the wavy edge 3212 of the vine pulling disc 321 of the vine pulling device 32 is arranged on the outer periphery of the fixed disc 3211, and the curved surface of the wavy edge 3212 is smoothly and naturally connected with the plane of the fixed disc 3211, and the output shaft of the hydraulic motor II 323 passes through the circular hole of the boss on the fixed disc 3211 and is connected with the vine pulling disc 321, and the hydraulic motor II 323 is fixed to the opening on one side of the mounting cavity 113 through the mounting plate 311. A plurality of reinforcing ribs 322 are evenly arranged on the seedling pulling plate 321, one end of the cylindrical reinforcing rib 322 is connected to the boss on the fixing plate 3211, and the other end of the reinforcing rib 322 is extended and fixed to the outer periphery of the wave edge 3212 of the seedling pulling plate 321. When viewed in the forward direction of the seedling vine clamping, chopping and scattering device, the two symmetrically arranged seedling pulling plates 321 are in an inclined arrangement form of "loose in front and tight in the back, loose on the top and tight on the bottom". At the bottom position of the seedling pulling device 32, the wave edges 3212 of the two inclinedly arranged seedling pulling plates 321 are clamped together, and the bottom of the wave edge 3212 of the seedling pulling plate 321 is cut The line is close to the top of the potato ridge; the vine clamping, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting is laterally symmetrically provided with two potato pressing devices 33 in the horizontal direction, and the front part of the rectangular flat plate II3311 of the potato pressing plate 331 of the potato pressing device 33 is provided with a guide plate II3312 tilted forward and upward, and the lower surface of the guide plate II3312 and the bottom surface of the flat plate II3311 form an angle of 5~10°, and a connecting plate perpendicular to the flat plate II3311 is provided on the flat plate II3311 along the length direction of the flat plate II3311, and the connecting plate is fixed to the inner side of the vertical plate 114 through a limiting shaft 332.The clamping and conveying device 4 is placed behind the seedling gathering and pulling device 3, and the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and throwing device for potato harvesting is symmetrically provided with two clamping devices 41 in the horizontal direction; the inner side of the clamping belt 411 arranged with a plumb bob on the working surface of the clamping device 41 is provided with evenly arranged grooves along the contour direction of the clamping belt 411, and the two groups of clamping belts 411 are arranged on the clamping and conveying frame 12 with a triangular structure of low front and high back, and the two groups of driving wheels 412 are respectively arranged at the higher end of the two groups of clamping belts 411 close to the clamping and conveying frame 12, and the two groups of reversing wheels 413 are respectively arranged at the two groups of clamping belts 411 close to the clamping belts 411. At the lower end of the conveyor frame 12, a plurality of support wheels 414 are staggeredly arranged on the inner sides of the two groups of clamping belts 411, the gear teeth of the support wheels 414 are meshed with the grooves on the inner sides of the clamping belts 411, and guard plates 415 are respectively arranged above and below the clamping belts 411; two bevel gears 421 facing opposite directions are arranged in the middle of the transmission shaft 422 of the transmission device 42, and two bevel gears 421 perpendicular to the bevel gear 421 arranged in the middle of the transmission shaft 422 are respectively arranged above the two groups of driving wheels 412, one end of the transmission shaft 422 is supported on a bearing, and the other end of the transmission shaft 422 is provided with a sprocket I 423. The vine cutting device 5 is arranged on the vine cutting frame 13, and the vine cutting device 5 is placed behind the clamping and conveying device 4 in the forward direction of the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device; the front and rear parts of the vine cutting chamber 511 with a cubic cavity structure are provided with rectangular openings, and a fixed knife 512 with a length consistent with the opening length is provided at the lower part after the front opening of the vine cutting chamber 511, and the vine cutting shaft 52 can be rotatably fixed on both sides of the vine cutting chamber 511, and a double-row sprocket 424 is provided at one end of the vine cutting shaft 52; the front part of the vine cutting chamber 511 is provided with a transmission chamber 513 with a lower opening, and the transmission device 42 is arranged in the transmission chamber 513, and the hydraulic motor III 55 is fixed through the mounting plate 311 A sprocket II 425 is provided at the shaft end of the output shaft of the hydraulic motor III 55, which is fixed at the upper part of the cutting vine chamber 511; a chain I 426 is hung between the sprocket I 423 and one of the sprockets of the double-row sprocket 424; a chain II 427 is hung between the sprocket II 425 and the other sprocket of the double-row sprocket 424; three disc-shaped cutting vine discs 53 are distributed and fixed on the cutting vine shaft 52 at equal intervals; the circumferential positions of the three cutting vine discs 53 are fixed to the vertical sides of the "L" shape of eight "L"-shaped tool holders 531; a plurality of cutting vine knives 54 whose length direction is consistent with the length direction of the cutting vine shaft 52 are fixed to the "L"-shaped bottom edge of the tool holder 531.The scattering device 6 with a cavity structure is placed behind the vine cutting device 5 in the forward direction of the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device. The U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped plate I 61 is flush with the top of the vine cutting device 5, the U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped plate II 62 is close to the top of the potato ridge, and the U-shaped side of the U-shaped plate II 62 is close to the side of the potato ridge. The height of the discharge port formed by the end of the U-shaped side of the U-shaped plate I 61 away from the U-shaped bottom, the end of the U-shaped side of the U-shaped plate II 62 away from the U-shaped bottom and the bottom of the front baffle 63 and the rear baffle 64 are all higher than the height of the ridge ditch. The upper part of the front baffle 63 is provided with a feed port, and the feed port is connected to the opening at the rear of the vine cutting cavity 511.

Claims

1. A vine-grassing, pulling, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting, comprising a frame (1), a guide device (2), a vine-grassing gathering and pulling device (3), a clamping and conveying device (4), a vine-cutting device (5) and a scattering device (6), characterized in that: The frame (1) comprises a seedling gathering and pulling frame (11), a clamping and conveying frame (12), a vine cutting frame (13) and a seedling guide groove (14). The frame (1) is arranged symmetrically in the transverse direction and is divided into three sections: front, middle and rear. When viewed in the forward direction of the seedling clamping and pulling, chopping and scattering device, the seedling gathering and pulling frame (11) is located at the front of the frame (1), the clamping and conveying frame (12) is located in the middle of the frame (1), and the vine cutting frame (13) is located at the rear of the frame (1). A baffle (111) arranged with a plumb bob is provided at the front end of the seedling gathering and pulling frame (11), a guide device (2) is fixed below the front of the baffle (111), a bracket (112) having a double-layer flat plate structure is provided behind the baffle (111), and a guide device (2) is provided in the middle of the upper flat plate structure and the lower flat plate structure of the bracket (112). A circular hole with a consistent axis, a mounting cavity (113) with a semi-enclosed structure having an opening on one side is provided at the rear of the bracket (112), a vertical plate (114) symmetrically arranged along the forward direction of the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device is provided at the rear of the mounting cavity (113), a clamping and conveying frame (12) with a triangular structure with a lower front and a higher rear is provided at the rear of the vertical plate (114), a vine guide groove (14) with a slope with a higher front and a lower rear is provided between the clamping and conveying frames (12) arranged symmetrically in the transverse direction, a vine cutting frame (13) is provided at the rear of the clamping and conveying frame (12), a vine cutting device (5) is provided on the vine cutting frame (13) with a rectangular frame structure, a U-shaped scattering device (6) is fixed at the rear of the vine cutting device (5), and the guide device (2) comprises a guide plate (21), an adjustment component (22) , a support assembly (23), the guide device (2) is placed at the front end of the vine clamping, chopping and scattering device in the forward direction, the vine clamping, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting is provided with two guide devices (2) in a horizontal direction, the rear half of the guide plate (21) is a blunt-angled ridge-like plate (211) composed of an upper plate surface and a side plate surface, the front half of the guide plate (21) is provided with a guide plate I (212) tilted forward and upward, the guide plate I (212) and the ridge-like plate (211) are at an angle of 15 to 25 degrees, two cylindrical hollow sliding rings (213) are provided at the front and rear of the top of the upper plate surface of the ridge-like plate (211), the adjustment assembly (22) comprises an adjustment plate (221), a spring I (222), a pin I (22 3), spring II (224) and pin II (225), the adjustment plate (221) comprises a flat plate I (2211) and a fixing ring I (2212), the flat plate I (2211) being in the shape of a rectangular plate is coplanar with the upper plate surface of the ridge-like plate (211) in the horizontal direction, the length of the flat plate I (2211) is consistent with the length of the upper plate surface of the ridge-like plate (211), and a certain gap is left between the flat plate I (2211) and the upper plate surface of the ridge-like plate (211) in the horizontal direction, two fixing rings I (2212) having a cylindrical hollow structure are arranged on the flat plate I (2211) in the front and rear, the axes of the two fixing rings I (2212) respectively coincide with the axes of the two sliding rings (213), and the inner diameter of the fixing ring I (2212) is equal to the inner diameter of the sliding ring (213),A circular hole having the same radius as the pin shaft II (225) is provided at the rear of the adjustment plate (221), one end of the two pin shafts I (223) is fixed in the fixing ring I (2212), and the other end of the pin shafts I (223) respectively passes through the springs I (222) and then slides in the sliding ring (213), the two springs I (222) are arranged on the two pin shafts I (223) between the sliding ring (213) and the fixing ring I (2212), a spring seat is provided at the bottom end of the pin shaft II (225), and the spring II (224) is arranged between the lower surface of the adjustment plate (221) and the spring seat, and the support assembly (23) includes a support seat I (231), a support seat II (232), a support rod (233) and a fixing plate (234), and is arranged in a low front and high rear manner. The end of the support rod (233) close to the pin shaft II (225) is fixedly connected to the baffle (111) of the frame (1) through the support seat I (231), and the end of the support rod (233) away from the pin shaft II (225) is fixedly connected to the front of the flat plate I (2211) through the support seat II (232). The front plate surface of the fixed plate (234) is fixedly connected to the fixing ring II (2341) with a cylindrical hollow structure, and the rear plate surface of the fixed plate (234) is fixedly connected to the baffle (111). The upper end of the pin shaft II (225) is fixed in the fixing ring II (2341), and the pin shaft II (225) shaft section at the upper end of the spring seat passes through the circular hole at the rear of the adjustment plate (221) and slides in the circular hole. The seedling gathering and pulling device (3) includes a seedling gathering device (3) 1), a seedling pulling device (32) and a potato pressing device (33), the seedling gathering and pulling device (3) being arranged behind the guide device (2) in the advancing direction of the seedling clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device, the seedling clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting being provided with two seedling gathering devices (31) symmetrically in the horizontal direction, the seedling gathering device (31) comprising a mounting plate (311), a hydraulic motor I (312), a seedling gathering roller (313) and a coupling (314), the hydraulic motor I (312) being fixed to the upper part of the upper flat plate structure of the bracket (112) via the mounting plate (311), the seedling gathering roller (313) being provided in a cylindrical shape below the lower flat plate structure of the bracket (112), the bottom plane of the seedling gathering roller (313) being close to the top of the potato ridge A coupling (314) for fixing a hydraulic motor I (312) and a seedling gathering roller (313) together is provided between the double-layer flat plate structure of the bracket (112). The seedling vine clamping, pulling, chopping and spreading device for potato harvesting is provided with two seedling pulling devices (32) in a horizontal direction and in a symmetrical manner. The seedling pulling device (32) comprises a seedling pulling plate (321), a reinforcing rib (322), a mounting plate (311) and a hydraulic motor II (323). The seedling pulling plate (321) comprises a fixed plate (3211) and a wavy edge (3212). The wavy edge (3212) is provided on the outer periphery of the fixed plate (3211). The curved surface of the wavy edge (3212) is smoothly and naturally transitionally connected to the flat surface of the fixed plate (3211).The output shaft of the hydraulic motor II (323) passes through the circular hole of the boss on the fixed plate (3211) and is connected to the seedling pulling plate (321). The hydraulic motor II (323) is fixed to an opening on one side of the mounting cavity (113) through the mounting plate (311). A plurality of reinforcing ribs (322) are evenly arranged on the seedling pulling plate (321). One end of the cylindrical reinforcing rib (322) is connected to the boss on the fixed plate (3211). The other end of the reinforcing rib (322) is extended and fixed to the outer periphery of the wave edge (3212) of the seedling pulling plate (321). When viewed in the forward direction of the seedling vine clamping, chopping and scattering device, the two symmetrically arranged seedling pulling plates (321) are arranged in an inclined manner of "loose at the front and tight at the back, loose at the top and tight at the bottom". Two reinforcing ribs (322) are arranged at the bottom of the seedling pulling device (32). The wave edge (3212) of the inclined seedling pulling plate (321) is fitted and clamped, and the bottom tangent line of the wave edge (3212) of the seedling pulling plate (321) is close to the top of the potato ridge. The seedling vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device for potato harvesting is provided with two potato pressing devices (33) in a horizontal direction, which are symmetrical. The potato pressing device (33) comprises a potato pressing plate (331) and a limiting shaft (332). The potato pressing plate (331) comprises a flat plate II (3311) and a guide plate II (3312). The front part of the rectangular flat plate II (3311) is provided with a guide plate II (3312) tilted forward and upward. The lower surface of the guide plate II (3312) and the bottom surface of the flat plate II (3311) form an angle of 5 to 10 degrees. A connecting plate perpendicular to the flat plate II (3311) is provided along the length direction of the flat plate II (3311), and the connecting plate is fixed to the inner side of the vertical plate (114) via a limiting shaft (332). The clamping and conveying device (4) comprises a clamping device (41) and a transmission device (42). The clamping and conveying device (4) is arranged behind the seedling gathering and pulling device (3). The vine clamping, pulling, chopping and throwing device for potato harvesting is symmetrically provided with two clamping devices (41) in the horizontal direction. The clamping device (41) comprises a clamping belt (411), a driving wheel (412), a reversing wheel (413), a supporting wheel (414) and a guard plate (415). The inner side of the clamping belt (411) arranged with a plumb bob on the working surface is provided with uniformly arranged wheels along the contour direction of the clamping belt (411). The two groups of clamping belts (411) are arranged on a clamping conveying frame (12) with a triangular structure that is low in the front and high in the back. The two groups of driving wheels (412) are respectively arranged at the higher ends of the two groups of clamping belts (411) close to the clamping conveying frame (12). The two groups of reversing wheels (413) are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the two groups of clamping belts (411) close to the clamping conveying frame (12). A plurality of supporting wheels (414) are staggeredly arranged on the inner sides of the two groups of clamping belts (411). The gear teeth of the supporting wheels (414) are meshed with the grooves on the inner sides of the clamping belts (411). Guard plates (415) are respectively arranged above and below the clamping belts (411). The transmission device (42) comprises a bevel gear (421), a transmission shaft (422) and a sprocket I (423).Two bevel gears (421) facing in opposite directions are arranged in the middle of the transmission shaft (422); two bevel gears (421) perpendicular to the bevel gear (421) arranged in the middle of the transmission shaft (422) are arranged above two sets of driving wheels (412) respectively; one end of the transmission shaft (422) is supported on a bearing; the other end of the transmission shaft (422) is provided with a sprocket wheel I (423); the vine cutting device (5) comprises a shield (51), a vine cutting shaft (52), a vine cutting disc (53), a vine cutting knife (54) and a hydraulic motor III (55); the vine cutting device (5) is arranged on the vine cutting frame (13); the vine cutting device (5) is arranged behind the clamping and conveying device (4) in the forward direction of the vine clamping, pulling, chopping and scattering device; The cutting vine chamber (511) is a cubic hollow structure, and the front and rear parts thereof are both provided with rectangular openings. A fixed knife (512) having a length consistent with the length of the opening is provided at the lower part of the rear of the front opening of the cutting vine chamber (511). A cutting vine shaft (52) is rotatably fixed on both sides of the cutting vine chamber (511). A double-row sprocket (424) is provided at one end of the cutting vine shaft (52). A transmission chamber (513) having a lower opening is provided at the front part of the cutting vine chamber (511). A transmission device (42) is provided in the transmission chamber (513). A hydraulic motor III (55) is fixed to the upper part of the cutting vine chamber (511) through a mounting plate (311). A sprocket II (425) is provided at the shaft end of the output shaft of the hydraulic motor III (55). The sprocket I (423) is connected to the double-row sprocket. A chain I (426) is hung between one sprocket of the sprocket (424), a chain II (427) is hung between the sprocket II (425) and the other sprocket of the double-row sprocket (424), a plurality of disc-shaped vine cutting discs (53) are evenly spaced and fixed on the vine cutting shaft (52), the circumferential positions of the plurality of vine cutting discs (53) are fixed to the "L"-shaped vertical sides of a plurality of "L"-shaped tool holders (531), a plurality of vine cutting knives (54) whose length direction is consistent with the length direction of the vine cutting shaft (52) are fixed to the "L"-shaped bottom side of the tool holder (531), the spreading device (6) comprises a U-shaped plate I (61), a U-shaped plate II (62), a front baffle plate (63) and a rear baffle plate (64), and the spreading device (6) has a cavity structure. The device (6) is placed behind the vine cutting device (5) in the forward direction of the vine clamping, chopping and scattering device. The U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped plate I (61) is flush with the top of the vine cutting device (5). The U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped plate II (62) is close to the top of the potato ridge. The U-shaped side of the U-shaped plate II (62) is close to the side of the potato ridge. The height of the discharge port formed by the end of the U-shaped side of the U-shaped plate I (61) away from the U-shaped bottom, the end of the U-shaped side of the U-shaped plate II (62) away from the U-shaped bottom and the bottom of the front baffle plate (63) and the rear baffle plate (64) is higher than the height of the ridge. The upper part of the front baffle plate (63) is provided with a feed port, and the feed port is connected to the opening at the rear of the vine cutting chamber (511).

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