Rotary locking fixture and workpiece processing method

Abstract

The present invention provides a rotary locking fixture and a workpiece processing method. The rotary locking fixture includes a clamping sleeve, a pad, an axial positioning column, and a locking sleeve. The front end of the clamping sleeve is provided with a plurality of locking blocks. The plurality of pads are arranged on the plurality of locking blocks in a one-to-one correspondence, and the inner side walls of the plurality of pads form a clamping surface for clamping the workpiece. The axial positioning column is adjustably arranged in the clamping sleeve. Under the action of an external force, the locking sleeve rotates by a preset angle so that the plurality of locking blocks move relative to each other in the radial direction to clamp the workpiece placed between the clamping surfaces of the plurality of pads. The axial positioning column abuts against the workpiece to position the workpiece along the axis of the clamping sleeve. Thus, during the parts processing process at the production site, for the large-scale production of small and special-shaped parts, the fixture has high repeatability and positioning accuracy, the clamping surface is not easily worn, and multiple turning and milling processes can be completed at one time, thereby significantly improving production efficiency while ensuring processing accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of machining auxiliary devices, and in particular to a rotary locking fixture and a workpiece machining method. Background Art

[0002] During the parts processing at the production site, for the large-scale production of smaller parts, the traditional fixture has low repeatability and positioning accuracy, and the clamping surface is easily worn and difficult to repair, which affects production efficiency. In addition, traditional fixtures are difficult to adapt to the clamping and positioning of various special-shaped parts. In order to solve related problems, special fixtures are usually designed to improve the clamping efficiency, positioning efficiency and processing efficiency of parts. For example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 A workpiece that needs to be mass-produced on site is given. The workpiece has a cubic block 1 at the bottom, a cone 2 is machined on the cubic block 1, the top of the cone 2 is a spherical surface 3, and a threaded hole 4 is opened in the center of the other bottom surface of the cubic block 1 opposite to the cone 2. Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The workpiece given in the figure is difficult to clamp and position with traditional fixtures and the clamping surface is prone to wear. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The primary purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary locking fixture and workpiece processing method that can accurately and repeatedly clamp and position small, irregularly shaped workpieces during turning and milling operations, completing multiple turning and milling steps in one operation. This significantly improves production efficiency while ensuring machining accuracy. This solves the problem that conventional fixtures have difficulty clamping and positioning irregularly shaped workpieces and are prone to wear on the clamping surfaces.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a rotary locking clamp is provided, comprising: a clamping sleeve, the rear end portion of the clamping sleeve is used to connect to the chuck of a lathe; the front end portion of the clamping sleeve is provided with a plurality of locking blocks that can move relative to each other in the radial direction of the clamping sleeve; a pad block, there are a plurality of pad blocks, and the plurality of pad blocks are arranged on the inner side walls of the plurality of locking blocks in a one-to-one correspondence, and the inner side walls of the plurality of pad blocks form a clamping surface for clamping a workpiece; an axial positioning column, which is adjustably arranged in the clamping sleeve along the axial direction of the clamping sleeve; a locking sleeve, which is rotatably sleeved on the plurality of locking blocks; wherein the locking sleeve is used to rotate around the axial direction of the clamping sleeve by a preset angle under the action of an external force so that the plurality of locking blocks can move relative to each other in the radial direction and clamp the workpiece placed between the clamping surfaces of the plurality of pad blocks through the plurality of pad blocks; the end face of the axial positioning column abuts against the end face of the workpiece to position the workpiece along the axial direction of the clamping sleeve.

[0005] Furthermore, the rotary locking clamp further comprises: a hinge lever, one end of which is used to be detachably connected to the locking sleeve and to drive the locking sleeve to rotate around the axis of the clamping sleeve by a preset angle under the action of an external force.

[0006] Furthermore, a plurality of blind holes are provided on the side wall of the locking sleeve, and the plurality of blind holes are evenly spaced along the circumference of the locking sleeve, and each blind hole extends radially inwardly along the clamping sleeve; wherein one end of the hinge lever is inserted into any one of the blind holes and is detachably connected to the locking sleeve.

[0007] Furthermore, each locking block is provided with a first screw hole, and each pad block is provided with a second screw hole. The first screw holes on multiple locking blocks correspond one to one with the second screw holes on multiple pad blocks and all extend radially along the clamping sleeve; wherein, the pad block is detachably mounted on the inner side wall of the corresponding locking block by means of screws passing through the first screw hole and the second screw hole.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple locking blocks form an annular structure, and a gap is left between two adjacent locking blocks; the rear end of the clamping sleeve is a connecting tube, and the diameter of the connecting tube is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular structure formed by the multiple locking blocks so that the side wall of the connecting tube and the side wall of the multiple locking blocks form an annular step structure; wherein, the connecting tube is used to connect to the chuck of the lathe.

[0009] Furthermore, there are four locking blocks and four gasket blocks each; the clamping surface of the gasket block is a plane, an arcuate surface, or an arcuate surface with a thread; wherein, when the clamping surface is a plane, the clamping surfaces of the four gasket blocks enclose a square clamping space; when the clamping surface is an arcuate surface, the clamping surfaces of the four gasket blocks enclose a circular clamping space; when the clamping surface is an arcuate surface with a thread, the clamping surfaces of the four gasket blocks enclose a clamping space in the shape of a threaded hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer side wall of the annular structure formed by the four locking blocks is an outer eccentric arc surface; the locking sleeve includes an annular step positioning portion and a ridge structure arranged around the outer edge of the step positioning portion, and the inner side wall of the ridge structure is an inner eccentric arc surface matching the outer eccentric arc surface; wherein, the connecting tube passes through the inner hole of the step positioning portion so that the bottom surfaces of the four locking blocks abut against the upper surface of the step positioning portion and the outer eccentric arc surface and the inner eccentric arc surface are engaged with each other; under the action of external force, the locking sleeve rotates around the axial direction of the clamping sleeve by a preset angle so that the two relative locking blocks approach each other to clamp the workpiece.

[0011] Furthermore, a conical groove is provided at the upper end of the axial positioning column, and the central axis of the conical groove coincides with the central axis of the axial positioning column; wherein the inner side wall of the conical groove forms a first positioning surface, and the upper end surface of the axial positioning column forms a second positioning surface.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a workpiece processing method using a locking fixture is provided, wherein the locking fixture is the rotary locking fixture described above, and the workpiece processing method comprises the following steps: fixing a plurality of pads on the inner side walls of a plurality of locking blocks of a clamping sleeve in sequence; sleeve the locking sleeve on the plurality of locking blocks of the clamping sleeve and rotate the locking sleeve so that the plurality of locking blocks can move flexibly relative to each other along the radial direction of the clamping sleeve; inserting the axial positioning column into the inner cavity of the clamping sleeve and adjusting the positioning position of the axial positioning column and tightening it; fixing the rear end of the clamping sleeve The invention relates to a method for fixing the workpiece blank to a plurality of spacers, wherein the plurality of side walls of the workpiece blank are tightly attached to the clamping surfaces of the plurality of spacers, and the first end face of the workpiece blank is abutted against the front end face of the axial positioning column; the locking sleeve is rotated by a preset angle to make the plurality of locking blocks move relative to each other in the radial direction and the workpiece blank placed between the clamping surfaces of the plurality of spacers is clamped by the plurality of spacers; a predetermined first outer shape structure is machined on the second end face of the workpiece blank by the lathe; wherein the first end face and the second end face are two end faces opposite to each other along the axis direction of the clamping sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the workpiece processing method also includes the following steps: rotating the locking sleeve in the opposite direction by a preset angle so that the multiple locking blocks move in directions away from each other to loosen the workpiece blank; removing the workpiece blank, turning it around, and then placing it back between the multiple pads so that the multiple side walls of the workpiece blank are tightly attached to the clamping surfaces of the multiple pads and the first outer shape structure processed on the second end face of the workpiece blank abuts the front end face of the axial positioning column; rotating the locking sleeve again by a preset angle so that the multiple locking blocks move relative to each other in the radial direction and clamp the workpiece blank through the multiple pads; and processing a predetermined second outer shape structure on the first end face of the workpiece blank by a lathe.

[0014] The rotary locking clamp of the technical solution of the present invention includes a clamping sleeve, a pad, an axial positioning column and a locking sleeve. The rear end of the clamping sleeve is used to connect to the chuck of the lathe; the front end of the clamping sleeve is provided with a plurality of locking blocks that can move relative to each other along the radial direction of the clamping sleeve; there are multiple pads, and the multiple pads are arranged on the inner side walls of the multiple locking blocks in a one-to-one correspondence, and the inner side walls of the multiple pads form a clamping surface for clamping the workpiece; the axial positioning column is adjustably arranged in the clamping sleeve along the axial direction of the clamping sleeve; the locking sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the multiple locking blocks; the locking sleeve is used to rotate around the axial direction of the clamping sleeve by a preset angle under the action of external force so that the multiple locking blocks can move relative to each other in the radial direction and clamp the workpiece placed between the clamping surfaces of the multiple pads through the multiple pads; the end face of the axial positioning column abuts against the end face of the workpiece to position the workpiece along the axial direction of the clamping sleeve. This allows for high-repeat positioning accuracy during the production process, especially for large-scale production of small, irregularly shaped parts. The clamping surface is less susceptible to wear, and multiple turning and milling processes can be completed in one go, significantly improving production efficiency while ensuring machining accuracy. This solves the problem in existing fixtures that small, irregularly shaped workpieces are difficult to clamp and position, and are prone to wear on the clamping surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a workpiece that can be processed by an optional rotary locking fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a workpiece that can be processed by an optional rotary locking fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention from a second perspective;

[0018] Figure 3 2. It is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a rotary locking clamp which can be selected according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an optional assembly structure of a rotary locking clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optional rotary locking clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first type of spacer block of a rotary locking clamp that can be selected according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second type of spacer block of a rotary locking clamp that can be selected according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a third pad of a rotary locking clamp that can be selected according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0025] 1. Cube block; 2. Cone; 3. Spherical surface; 4. Threaded hole; 10. Clamping sleeve; 11. Locking block; 12. First screw hole; 13. Connecting tube; 14. Locking hole; 20. Spacer; 21. Second screw hole; 30. Axial positioning column; 31. Conical groove; 40. Locking sleeve; 41. Blind hole; 42. Step positioning part; 43. Protruding ridge structure; 50. Hinge lever. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0027] The rotary locking clamp of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figures 3 to 5 As shown, it includes a clamping sleeve 10, a pad 20, an axial positioning column 30 and a locking sleeve 40. The rear end of the clamping sleeve 10 is used to connect with the chuck of the lathe; the front end of the clamping sleeve 10 is provided with a plurality of locking blocks 11 that can move relative to the radial direction of the clamping sleeve 10; there are multiple pads 20, and the multiple pads 20 are arranged on the inner side walls of the multiple locking blocks 11 in a one-to-one correspondence. The inner side walls of the multiple pads 20 form a clamping surface for clamping the workpiece; the axial positioning column 30 is arranged along the clamping sleeve. The axial position of 10 is adjustable in the clamping sleeve 10; the locking sleeve 40 is rotatably mounted on the multiple locking blocks 11; the locking sleeve 40 is used to rotate around the axial direction of the clamping sleeve 10 by a preset angle under the action of an external force so that the multiple locking blocks 11 move relative to each other in the radial direction and clamp the workpiece placed between the clamping surfaces of the multiple pads 20 through the multiple pads 20; the end face of the axial positioning column 30 abuts against the end face of the workpiece to locate the position of the workpiece along the axial direction of the clamping sleeve 10. Therefore, during the parts processing process at the production site, for the large-scale production of smaller and special-shaped parts, the clamping surface has high repeatability and is not easy to wear. Multiple turning and milling processes can be completed at one time, ensuring processing accuracy while significantly improving production efficiency. This solves the problem that the clamps in the prior art are difficult to clamp and position for small and special-shaped workpieces and are prone to wear on the clamping surface.

[0028] In a specific implementation, in order to be able to rotate the locking sleeve 40 conveniently and effortlessly, the rotary locking clamp further includes a hinge lever 50, one end of which is used to be detachably connected to the locking sleeve 40 and, under the action of an external force, drives the locking sleeve 40 to rotate a preset angle around the axis of the clamping sleeve 10. Specifically, a plurality of blind holes 41 are provided on the side wall of the locking sleeve 40. The plurality of blind holes 41 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the locking sleeve 40 and close to the bottom surface of the locking sleeve 40. Each blind hole 41 extends radially inwardly of the clamping sleeve 10. One end of the hinge lever 50 can be inserted into any one of the blind holes 41 to connect with the locking sleeve 40. The operator can easily and conveniently rotate the locking sleeve 40 through the hinge lever 50. Optionally, the outer diameter of the hinge lever 50 matches the inner diameter of the blind hole 41, and both are 10 mm.

[0029] Furthermore, the locking block 11 is a fan-shaped structure, with multiple locking blocks 11 forming an annular structure, leaving a gap between adjacent locking blocks 11. The rear end of the clamping sleeve 10 is a connecting tube 13. The diameter of the connecting tube 13 is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular structure formed by the multiple locking blocks 11, so that the side walls of the connecting tube 13 and the side walls of the multiple locking blocks 11 form an annular step structure, that is, the entire clamping sleeve 10 has a stepped cylindrical structure. The end of the connecting tube 13 is connected to the chuck of the lathe. The outer wall of each pad 20 is a circular surface, and the multiple pads 20 also form an annular structure. The circular surface of the outer wall of the pad 20 matches the circular surface of the inner wall of the locking block 11. The circular surface of the outer wall of each pad 20 abuts against the circular surface of the inner wall of the corresponding locking block 11, and is tightly connected to the locking block 11. A gap is also formed between adjacent pads 20, and this gap is opposite to the gap between adjacent locking blocks 11. Specifically, each locking block 11 is provided with a first screw hole 12, and each spacer block 20 is provided with a second screw hole 21. The first screw holes 12 on the multiple locking blocks 11 correspond one-to-one with the second screw holes 21 on the multiple spacers 20 and both extend radially along the clamping sleeve 10. The spacers 20 are fastened to the inner sidewalls of the corresponding locking blocks 11 by screws passing through the first screw holes 12 and the second screw holes 21. Optionally, the first screw holes 12 are stepped holes, i.e., the outer diameter of the first screw holes 12 is larger than the inner diameter. The screw is inserted through the first screw hole 12 and tightened into the second screw hole 21 of the spacer block 20 to tighten the spacer block 20. The outer portion of the first screw hole 12 can adapt to the nut portion of the screw.

[0030] In this embodiment, the number of locking blocks 11 and cushion blocks 20 is an even number, such as Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the locking block 11 and the spacer 20 are four pieces; the clamping surface of the spacer 20 is a plane or an arc surface or an arc surface with a thread; Figure 6As shown, when the clamping surface of the pad 20 is a plane, the clamping surfaces of the four pads 20 enclose a square clamping space; the pad 20 of this structural form is suitable for workpiece blanks with a cubic structure.

[0031] like Figure 7 As shown, when the clamping surface of the pad 20 is an arc-shaped surface, the clamping surfaces of the four pads 20 enclose a circular clamping space. The pad 20 of this structural form is suitable for workpiece blanks with a cylindrical structure.

[0032] like Figure 8 As shown, when the clamping surface of the pad 20 is a threaded arc surface, the clamping surfaces of the four pads 20 enclose a threaded hole-shaped clamping space. The pad 20 of this structural form is suitable for workpiece blanks with a cylindrical structure and a threaded outer wall.

[0033] Furthermore, the outer wall of the annular structure formed by the four locking blocks 11 is an outer eccentric arc surface, that is, the middle portion of the outer wall of each locking block 11 is more protruding outward than the two ends, so that the diameter between the middle portions of the two radially opposite locking blocks 11 is slightly larger, while the diameter of the two radially opposite gaps on the annular structure is slightly smaller. The outer wall of the annular structure formed by the four locking blocks 11 has a certain fluctuation in diameter at four different positions. The locking sleeve 40 includes an annular step positioning portion 42 and a ridge structure 43 arranged around the outer edge of the step positioning portion 42. The inner wall of the ridge structure 43 is an inner eccentric arc surface that matches the outer eccentric arc surface, that is, the undulating portion of the inner eccentric arc surface of the ridge structure 43 is at a certain angle to the undulating portion of the outer wall of the annular structure formed by the four locking blocks 11; the outer diameter of the connecting tube 13 matches the inner diameter of the step positioning portion 42, and the connecting tube 13 passes through the inner hole of the step positioning portion 42 from The bottom surfaces of the four locking blocks 11 are abutted against the upper surface of the step positioning portion 42, and the outer eccentric arc surface of the annular structure enclosed by the four locking blocks 11 is engaged with and tightly adhered to the inner eccentric arc surface of the inner wall of the ridge structure 43; by rotating the locking sleeve 40 by a certain angle using the hinge lever 50, the raised portion of the inner eccentric arc surface of the locking sleeve 40 radially squeezes the raised portion of the outer eccentric arc surface of the four locking blocks 11, so that the four locking blocks 11 are synchronously approached to each other and finally clamp the workpiece.

[0034] Furthermore, the axial positioning column 30 has a stepped cylindrical structure, and the front end diameter of the axial positioning column 30 is smaller than the rear end diameter to form a cylindrical step surface, which can adapt to the inner wall of the connecting tube 13; a locking hole 14 is radially opened on the outer wall of the connecting tube 13, and a locking screw is provided on the locking hole 14. The axial positioning column 30 is adjustably arranged in the connecting tube 13 along the axial direction of the clamping sleeve 10. After the axial positioning column 30 is adjusted into place, the position of the axial positioning column 30 is locked by the locking screw on the locking hole 14. A conical groove 31 is provided at the upper end portion of the axial positioning column 30, and the central axis of the conical groove 31 coincides with the central axis of the axial positioning column 30. The diameter of the conical groove 31 is smaller than the diameter of the axial positioning column 30, so that a certain annular plane area is left at the edge of the upper end face of the axial positioning column 30. The inner side wall of the conical groove 31 forms a first positioning surface, which can abut against the conical structure of the workpiece to locate the axial position of the workpiece; the annular plane area at the edge of the upper end face of the axial positioning column 30 forms a second positioning surface, which can abut against the planar end face of the workpiece to locate the axial position of the workpiece.

[0035] The combined use process of the rotary locking clamp of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the four pads 20 are connected to the corresponding locking blocks 11 by screws using the first screw hole 12 and the second screw hole 21, so that the arc surface of the outer wall of each pad 20 is tightly fitted with the inner arc surface of the corresponding locking block 11; the locking sleeve 40 is sleeved on the multiple locking blocks 11 of the clamping sleeve 10, so that the eccentric arc surface inside the locking sleeve 40 is matched with the outer eccentric arc surface of the multiple locking blocks 11, and the bottom surfaces of the four locking blocks 11 are abutted and positioned with the upper surface of the step positioning portion 42; the hinge lever 50 is inserted into one of the blind holes 41 of the locking sleeve 40, and the locking sleeve 40 is rotated by the hinge lever 50, and the eccentric arc surface inside the locking sleeve 40 is tightened. The arc surface and the outer eccentric arc surface of multiple locking blocks 11 produce relative displacement, so that the four locking blocks 11 move radially inward, and the four locking blocks 11 move inward together with the four pads 20 at the same time, generating a radial clamping force to clamp the workpiece, which can be used for turning, milling and other processing; the axial positioning column 30 is inserted into the inner hole of the clamping sleeve 10, and the cylindrical surface of the rear section of the axial positioning column 30 cooperates with the inner hole of the connecting tube 13 of the clamping sleeve 10 to adjust the movement, and the position of the axial positioning column 30 is locked by using the locking screw through the locking hole 14 on the outer wall of the connecting tube 13. The position of the axial positioning column 30 can be adjusted according to different workpieces to control the length of the workpiece. The first positioning surface and the second positioning surface can adapt to the positioning requirements of the end faces of different parts.

[0036] When the workpiece needs to be unloaded, the hinge lever 50 is inserted into one of the blind holes 41 of the locking sleeve 40 and rotated in the opposite direction. The inner eccentric arc surface and the outer eccentric arc surface produce opposite relative displacement. The four locking blocks 11 are released, and the four locking blocks 11 drive the four pads 20 to rebound, so that the workpiece can be released and the workpiece loading and unloading work can be easily carried out.

[0037] Because the four locking blocks 11 are simultaneously loaded and moved, they effectively center the workpiece. The axial positioning column 30 effectively positions the component's axial position, ensuring consistent length dimensions. It can also be machined into various positioning configurations for different components. The spacer block 20 can also be machined into various shapes to accommodate the rapid clamping requirements of different parts.

[0038] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a workpiece processing method using a locking fixture is provided. The workpiece processing method is completed using the rotary locking fixture of the above embodiment. The workpiece processing method specifically includes the following steps: sequentially fixing a plurality of spacers 20 on the inner side walls of a plurality of locking blocks 11 of a clamping sleeve 10; sleeve-mounting a locking sleeve 40 on the plurality of locking blocks 11 of the clamping sleeve 10 and rotating the locking sleeve 40 so that the plurality of locking blocks 11 can flexibly move relative to each other along the radial direction of the clamping sleeve 10; inserting an axial positioning column 30 into the inner cavity of the clamping sleeve 10 and adjusting the positioning position of the axial positioning column 30 before tightening it; The rear end of the clamping sleeve 10 is fixedly mounted on the chuck of the lathe; the workpiece blank is placed between the multiple pads 20 and the multiple side walls of the workpiece blank are tightly attached to the clamping surfaces of the multiple pads 20 and the first end face of the workpiece blank is abutted against the front end face of the axial positioning column 30; the locking sleeve 40 is rotated by a preset angle to allow the multiple locking blocks 11 to move relative to each other in the radial direction and the workpiece blank placed between the clamping surfaces of the multiple pads 20 is clamped by the multiple pads 20; a predetermined first external shape structure is machined on the second end face of the workpiece blank by the lathe; wherein the first end face and the second end face are two end faces opposite to each other along the axial direction of the clamping sleeve 10.

[0039] Furthermore, the workpiece processing method of this embodiment also includes the following steps: rotating the locking sleeve 40 in the opposite direction by a preset angle so that the multiple locking blocks 11 move in a direction away from each other to loosen the workpiece blank; removing the workpiece blank, turning it around and then placing it back between the multiple pads 20 so that the multiple side walls of the workpiece blank are tightly attached to the clamping surfaces of the multiple pads 20 and the first outer shape structure processed on the second end face of the workpiece blank is in contact with the front end face of the axial positioning column 30; rotating the locking sleeve 40 again by a preset angle so that the multiple locking blocks 11 move relative to each other in the radial direction and clamp the workpiece blank through the multiple pads 20; and processing the predetermined second outer shape structure on the first end face of the workpiece blank by a lathe.

[0040] Specifically, for Figure 1 and Figure 2 The workpiece shown in the figure has a cubic block 1 at the bottom, a cone 2 above the cubic block 1, a spherical surface 3 at the top of the cone 2, and a threaded hole 4 at the center of the lower surface of the cubic block 1. The specific steps for turning and milling the structural component are as follows:

[0041] Process 1: Processing of the cone 2 and the spherical surface 3 at its top

[0042] First, the four Figure 6 The pad 20 shown is fixed to the arc surface of the inner wall of the four locking blocks 11 by screws so that they fit tightly; the locking sleeve 40 is put on the clamping sleeve 10, and the step positioning surface of the step positioning part 42 of the locking sleeve 40 is matched with the positioning step between the multiple locking blocks 11 and the connecting tube 13 of the clamping sleeve 10, and the hinge lever 50 is inserted into a blind hole 41 of the locking sleeve 40 to rotate the locking sleeve 40 at a certain angle so that the arc surface of the inner wall of the four locking blocks 11 can move freely, which is convenient for loading and unloading workpieces and maintaining sufficient clamping force; the axial positioning column 30 is placed in the clamping sleeve 10, the positioning length is adjusted and fixed with screws, and the entire clamp structure is assembled. Clamp the connecting tube 13 at the rear end of the clamping sleeve 10 on the chuck of the machine tool, then place the square end of the processed rectangular blank close to the flat clamping surface of the four pads 20, and use the special hinge lever 50 to rotate the locking sleeve 40. At this time, the inner eccentric arc surface presses the outer eccentric arc surface of the four locking blocks 11 to generate a radial clamping force, clamping the workpiece to complete the clamping. The cone 2 and the spherical surface 3 at the top of the cone 2 can be processed on the lathe at one time.

[0043] Step 2: Machining of threaded holes 4 on the opposite sides of cube 1

[0044] Turn the processed workpiece around and put it back into the fixture. Place the cone 2 in the conical groove 31 at the end of the axial positioning column 30 to cooperate with the first positioning surface. The second positioning surface of the axial positioning column 30 cooperates with the flat end surface corresponding to the cube block 1. Then, clamp and fix the workpiece according to the method of process 1 to complete the processing of the threaded hole 4 on the opposite surface of the cube block 1.

[0045] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary locking clamp, characterized in that: include: A clamping sleeve (10), the rear end of the clamping sleeve (10) is used to connect with the chuck of the lathe; the front end of the clamping sleeve (10) is provided with a plurality of locking blocks (11) that can move relative to each other along the radial direction of the clamping sleeve (10), the plurality of locking blocks (11) form an annular structure, and a gap is left between two adjacent locking blocks (11); the rear end of the clamping sleeve (10) is a connecting tube (13), the diameter of the connecting tube (13) is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular structure formed by the plurality of locking blocks (11) so that the side wall of the connecting tube (13) and the side wall of the plurality of locking blocks (11) form an annular step structure; the connecting tube (13) is used to connect with the chuck of the lathe; A pad (20), wherein the pad (20) is multiple, and the multiple pads (20) are arranged on the inner side walls of the multiple locking blocks (11) in a one-to-one correspondence, and the inner side walls of the multiple pads (20) form a clamping surface for clamping a workpiece; An axial positioning column (30) is arranged in the clamping sleeve (10) in an adjustable manner along the axial direction of the clamping sleeve (10); A locking sleeve (40) is rotatably sleeved on the plurality of locking blocks (11); The locking sleeve (40) is used to rotate around the axis of the clamping sleeve (10) by a preset angle under the action of an external force so that the plurality of locking blocks (11) move relative to each other in the radial direction and clamp a workpiece placed between the clamping surfaces of the plurality of pads (20) through the plurality of pads (20); the end face of the axial positioning column (30) abuts against the end face of the workpiece to position the workpiece along the axis of the clamping sleeve (10); There are four locking blocks (11) and four spacers (20); the clamping surface of the spacer (20) is a plane, an arcuate surface, or an arcuate surface with a thread; wherein, when the clamping surface is a plane, the clamping surfaces of the four spacers (20) enclose a square clamping space; when the clamping surface is an arcuate surface, the clamping surfaces of the four spacers (20) enclose a circular clamping space; when the clamping surface is an arcuate surface with a thread, the clamping surfaces of the four spacers (20) enclose a threaded hole-shaped clamping space; The outer side wall of the annular structure formed by the four locking blocks (11) is an outer eccentric arc surface; the locking sleeve (40) includes an annular step positioning portion (42) and a ridge structure (43) arranged around the outer edge of the step positioning portion (42), and the inner side wall of the ridge structure (43) is an inner eccentric arc surface matching the outer eccentric arc surface; wherein, the connecting tube (13) passes through the inner hole of the step positioning portion (42) so that the bottom surfaces of the four locking blocks (11) abut against the upper surface of the step positioning portion (42) and the outer eccentric arc surface and the inner eccentric arc surface are engaged with each other; under the action of external force, the locking sleeve (40) rotates around the axis direction of the clamping sleeve (10) by a preset angle so that the two opposite locking blocks (11) approach each other to clamp the workpiece.

2. The rotary locking clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary locking fixture further comprises: A hinge lever (50), one end of which is used to be detachably connected to the locking sleeve (40) and to drive the locking sleeve (40) to rotate around the axis of the clamping sleeve (10) by a preset angle under the action of an external force.

3. The rotary locking clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of blind holes (41) are provided on the side wall of the locking sleeve (40), and the plurality of blind holes (41) are evenly spaced along the circumference of the locking sleeve (40), and each of the blind holes (41) extends radially inwardly of the clamping sleeve (10); One end of the hinge lever (50) is inserted into any one of the blind holes (41) and is detachably connected to the locking sleeve (40).

4. The rotary locking clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first screw hole (12) is formed on each locking block (11), and a second screw hole (21) is formed on each cushion block (20). The first screw holes (12) on the plurality of locking blocks (11) correspond to the second screw holes (21) on the plurality of cushion blocks (20) in a one-to-one manner and both extend in the radial direction of the clamping sleeve (10). The pad (20) is detachably mounted on the inner side wall of the corresponding locking block (11) by means of screws passing through the first screw hole (12) and the second screw hole (21).

5. The rotary locking clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tapered groove (31) is formed at the upper end of the axial positioning column (30), and the central axis of the tapered groove (31) coincides with the central axis of the axial positioning column (30); The inner side wall of the tapered groove (31) forms a first positioning surface, and the upper end surface of the axial positioning column (30) forms a second positioning surface.

6. A workpiece processing method using a locking fixture, characterized in that: The locking fixture is a rotary locking fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the workpiece processing method comprises the following steps: The plurality of spacers (20) are sequentially fixedly mounted on the inner side walls of the plurality of locking blocks (11) of the clamping sleeve (10); The locking sleeve (40) is sleeved on the plurality of locking blocks (11) of the clamping sleeve (10) and the locking sleeve (40) is rotated so that the plurality of locking blocks (11) can flexibly move relative to each other along the radial direction of the clamping sleeve (10); Putting the axial positioning column (30) into the inner cavity of the clamping sleeve (10) and adjusting the positioning position of the axial positioning column (30) before tightening it; The rear end of the clamping sleeve (10) is fixedly mounted on a chuck of a lathe; The workpiece blank is placed between the plurality of cushion blocks (20) and the plurality of side walls of the workpiece blank are in close contact with the clamping surfaces of the plurality of cushion blocks (20) and the first end face of the workpiece blank is in contact with the front end face of the axial positioning column (30); The locking sleeve (40) is rotated by a preset angle to allow the plurality of locking blocks (11) to move relative to each other in the radial direction and to clamp the workpiece blank placed between the clamping surfaces of the plurality of pad blocks (20) through the plurality of pad blocks (20); Processing a predetermined first external structure on the second end surface of the workpiece blank by a lathe; The first end face and the second end face are two end faces that are opposite to each other along the axis direction of the clamping sleeve (10).

7. The workpiece processing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The workpiece processing method further comprises the following steps: Rotating the locking sleeve (40) in opposite directions by a preset angle to allow the plurality of locking blocks (11) to move in directions away from each other to loosen the workpiece blank; After removing the workpiece blank and turning it around, the workpiece blank is placed back between the plurality of cushion blocks (20), so that the plurality of side walls of the workpiece blank are in close contact with the clamping surfaces of the plurality of cushion blocks (20), and the first outer shape structure machined on the second end face of the workpiece blank is in contact with the front end face of the axial positioning column (30); The locking sleeve (40) is rotated again by a preset angle to allow the plurality of locking blocks (11) to move relative to each other in the radial direction and to clamp the workpiece blank via the plurality of spacers (20); A predetermined second outer shape structure is machined on the first end surface of the workpiece blank by a lathe.

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