A maintenance method and system for the bearing status of the running gear of urban rail vehicles

Abstract

The present invention discloses a maintenance method and system for the bearing state of the running gear of urban rail vehicles. The method includes the following steps: A maintenance method for the bearing state of the running gear of urban rail vehicles includes the following steps: obtaining the original working condition state data of each bearing at each part of the vehicle running gear; processing the original working condition state data to obtain each working condition state and the bearing working condition state level corresponding to each working condition state; respectively assigning influence weights to each working condition state according to the working condition type; respectively assigning deterioration degree weights to the bearing working condition state levels corresponding to each working condition state; obtaining the health state level of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight; and performing maintenance on the bearing according to the health state level of the bearing. This maintenance method has clear logic, is safe, effective, reliable and easy to operate. It can accurately identify at the initial stage of the failure of the bearing component and guide vehicle maintenance according to the health state of the bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, and particularly to a method and system for maintaining the state of bearings in the running gear of urban rail vehicles. Background Art

[0002] As a key component of the rotating equipment in the vehicle running gear, the operating state of the bearing directly affects the state of the equipment. According to statistics, at least 20 trains are configured on typical urban rail lines in China, and more than 2,000 sets of rolling bearings are used. Its operating conditions directly affect the reliability of the running gear and even the safe operation of the train. Therefore, carrying out on-line monitoring and condition-based maintenance research on bearings has positive significance for improving the reliability of trains and saving maintenance costs.

[0003] At present, most trains adopt planned maintenance or fault maintenance. The so-called planned maintenance means deciding whether to repair the vehicle according to the preset operating mileage or operating time. This kind of maintenance does not consider the actual health state of the vehicle, but only decides based on the operating time or operating mileage, resulting in high maintenance costs. The so-called fault maintenance means that the vehicle is repaired after a running fault occurs. This method will lead to the inability to effectively guarantee the safe operation of the train.

[0004] According to statistics, the inspection and scrapping rate of the axle box bearings in the vehicle running gear is less than 5% in 5 years. Among them, 50% of the faults (inner and outer ring ribs, outer ring fretting corrosion) have little impact on the bearing operating conditions and do not affect the normal operation of the bearing. Secondly, there are uncertain factors in the disassembly and assembly process of the bearing, which to a certain extent contribute to the increase in the bearing scrapping rate.

[0005] In recent years, on-vehicle fault diagnosis systems for the running gear of urban rail vehicles have been introduced in first-tier cities. This system can conduct on-line monitoring and fault alarm for the bearings in the running gear, and guide maintenance through alarms. It belongs to fault maintenance, but does not guide maintenance from the perspective of the bearing operating state.

[0006] Therefore, it is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to provide a method and system for maintaining the state of bearings in the running gear that can accurately identify faults at the initial stage of bearing parts, evaluate the health state of each bearing component, and accurately guide maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for maintaining the state of bearings in the running gear of urban rail vehicles. The maintenance method has clear logic, is safe, effective, reliable and easy to operate, can accurately identify faults at the initial stage of bearing component failures, and guide vehicle maintenance according to the health state of the bearings.

[0008] Based on the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A method for maintaining the state of bearings in the running gear of urban rail vehicles includes the following steps:

[0010] Obtain the original condition data of each bearing in the vehicle running gear;

[0011] Process the original condition data to obtain each operating condition and the bearing operating condition level corresponding to each operating condition;

[0012] Assign influence weights to each of the operating conditions according to the type of operating condition;

[0013] Assign deterioration degree weights to the bearing operating condition levels corresponding to each of the operating conditions;

[0014] Obtain the health state level of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight;

[0015] Perform maintenance on the bearing according to the health state level of the bearing.

[0016] Preferably, the original condition data of each bearing includes: grease running time, impact information, and temperature information;

[0017] Each of the operating conditions includes: grease running operating condition, impact operating condition, and temperature operating condition;

[0018] The types of operating conditions include: grease running operating condition, impact operating condition, and temperature operating condition.

[0019] Preferably, the processing of the original condition data to obtain the bearing operating condition level corresponding to each operating condition includes the following steps:

[0020] Divide the grease running time in years to obtain the grease running state level;

[0021] Process the impact information to obtain the impact strength value, and obtain the impact state level of each component of the bearing according to the impact strength value;

[0022] Obtain the temperature state level of each bearing according to the temperature information and the preset temperature threshold of each bearing.

[0023] Preferably, the processing of the impact information to obtain the impact strength value and obtaining the impact state level of each component of the bearing according to the impact strength value includes the following steps:

[0024] Process the impact information to obtain the fault characteristic information of each component of the bearing;

[0025] Quantitatively analyze the fault characteristic information of each component of the bearing to obtain the impact strength value;

[0026] Obtain the impact state level of each component of the bearing according to the impact strength value and the preset impact strength threshold.

[0027] Preferably, the fault feature information of each component of the bearing is specifically: inner ring fault feature information, outer ring fault feature information, cage fault feature information, and roller fault feature information;

[0028] Each component of the bearing is specifically: inner ring, outer ring, cage, and roller.

[0029] Preferably, obtaining the temperature state level of each part of the bearing according to the temperature information and the temperature thresholds of the bearings at preset positions includes the following steps:

[0030] Obtain the actual temperature of each part of the bearing according to the temperature information;

[0031] Obtain the temperature state level of each part of the bearing according to the actual temperature of each part of the bearing and the temperature thresholds of the bearings at preset positions;

[0032] Among them, each part of the bearing is specifically: axle box bearing, motor bearing, and gearbox bearing.

[0033] Preferably, obtaining the temperature state level of each part of the bearing according to the actual temperature of each part of the bearing and the temperature thresholds of the bearings at preset positions includes the following steps:

[0034] If the actual temperature of the target bearing is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold of all components at the same position on the same bogie, it is determined that the temperature of the target bearing is abnormal;

[0035] If the actual temperature of the target bearing is greater than the ambient temperature, and the difference between the actual temperature of the target bearing and the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, it is determined that the temperature rise of the target bearing is abnormal;

[0036] If the actual temperature of the target bearing is greater than the third temperature threshold, it is determined that the target bearing has an over-temperature abnormality;

[0037] Among them, the target bearing is any one of the bearings at each part;

[0038] The temperature thresholds of the bearings at each part include a first temperature threshold, a second temperature threshold, and a third temperature threshold;

[0039] The temperature state levels of the bearings at each part include temperature abnormality, temperature rise abnormality, and over-temperature abnormality.

[0040] Preferably, respectively assigning influence weights to each operating condition state according to the operating condition type and assigning deterioration degree weights to the bearing operating condition state levels corresponding to the operating condition states is specifically:

[0041] According to the working condition type, assign a first-level influence weight to the grease operating condition state, a second-level influence weight to the impact condition state, and a third-level influence weight to the temperature condition state;

[0042] Among them, the first-level influence weight is less than the second-level influence weight, and the second-level influence weight is less than the third-level influence weight;

[0043] According to the working condition type and the bearing state grade corresponding to the working condition state, assign a first-level deterioration degree weight, a second-level deterioration degree weight, and a third-level deterioration degree weight to each working condition state of each working condition type respectively.

[0044] Preferably, obtaining the health state grade of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight includes the following steps:

[0045] According to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight, obtain the deduction scores of each working condition state of the bearing;

[0046] According to the deduction scores of each working condition state, obtain the health index of the bearing;

[0047] According to the health index of the bearing, obtain the health state grade of the bearing.

[0048] Preferably, after obtaining the health state grade of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight, it includes the following steps:

[0049] F1. Obtain the failure rates of the bearings in each part of the whole vehicle and the failure rate of the first bearing according to the health state grade;

[0050] F2. Judge whether the grease operating state grade of the first bearing among the bearings in each part of the whole vehicle is greater than the preset number of years; if not, execute F3, if so, execute F5;

[0051] F3. Judge whether the failure rate of the bearings in each part of the whole vehicle is greater than the first failure rate threshold; if so, execute F4, if not, execute F6;

[0052] F4. Judge whether the failure rate of the first bearing among the bearings in each part of the whole vehicle is greater than the second failure rate threshold; if so, execute F5, if not, execute F6;

[0053] F5. Repair all the bearings in the corresponding part of the whole vehicle;

[0054] F6. Repair the corresponding bearings according to the health state grade;

[0055] The first bearing is specifically: the bearing with the largest quantity proportion among the bearings of the same batch used in each part of the vehicle.

[0056] Preferably, according to the health state level of the bearing, the bearing is repaired, including the following steps:

[0057] If the health state level of a single bearing is normal or sub - healthy, there is no need to repair the bearing;

[0058] If the health state level of a single bearing is slightly faulty, the bearing is repaired during the vehicle major overhaul or regular overhaul;

[0059] If the health state level of a single bearing is moderately faulty, the bearing repair is completed within the first repair cycle;

[0060] If the health state level of a single bearing is severely faulty, the bearing repair is completed within the second repair cycle;

[0061] Wherein, the health state level of a single bearing includes: normal, sub - healthy, slightly faulty, moderately faulty and severely faulty;

[0062] The first repair cycle is longer than the second repair cycle.

[0063] A bearing condition - based maintenance system for the running gear of an urban rail vehicle, comprising:

[0064] An acquisition module, configured to acquire the original operating condition data of each bearing in each part of the running gear;

[0065] A processing module, configured to process the original operating condition data to obtain each operating condition and the bearing condition level corresponding to each operating condition;

[0066] A weight module, configured to assign influence weights to each operating condition according to the operating condition type;

[0067] The weight module is further configured to assign deterioration degree weights to the bearing condition levels corresponding to each operating condition;

[0068] A calculation module, configured to obtain the health state level of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight;

[0069] A maintenance instruction module, which repairs the bearing according to the health state level of the bearing.

[0070] The present invention discloses a method for maintaining the bearing state of the running gear of urban rail vehicles. Specifically, by collecting the original working condition state data of each bearing in each part of the running gear, the original working condition state data are processed to obtain each working condition state and the bearing working condition state level corresponding to each working condition state; influence weights are assigned to each working condition state according to the working condition type, and deterioration degree weights are assigned to the bearing working condition state levels corresponding to each working condition state; subsequently, according to the influence weights of each working condition state and the deterioration degree weights of the bearing working condition state levels corresponding to each working condition state, the health state level of the bearing is calculated, and the bearing is maintained according to the health state level of the bearing.

[0071] It should be noted that the highest level of condition-based maintenance should be based on mastering the condition, predicting the remaining useful life, combining the characteristics of each train system and the maintenance process and system, formulating a scientific maintenance process and system, and extending the bearing life and inspection cycle under the principle of maximizing economic benefits, so as to improve the utilization rate of bearings. Taking urban rail trains as an example, taking the axle box bearings of a 6-car formation urban rail train as an example, the rated service life is greater than 2 million kilometers. The existing maintenance process basically adopts the method of sending for inspection every 5 years (600,000 kilometers) and replacing with new ones every 10 years (1.2 million kilometers), which seriously strangles the bearing service life. If an on-line monitoring system is introduced to achieve condition-based maintenance, it is feasible to extend the bearing service life.

[0072] On this basis, this method only needs to obtain each working condition state and the bearing working condition state level corresponding to each working condition state according to the original working condition state data of the bearing. By respectively assigning corresponding weights to each working condition state and the bearing working condition state level corresponding to each working condition state, the health state level of the bearing is calculated. Finally, based on the health state level of the bearing, the bearing is accurately maintained. This method can accurately identify the initial stage of faults in the bearing part by obtaining each working condition state of the bearing and the bearing working condition state level corresponding to each working condition state from the original working condition state data. Further, by assigning weights to each working condition state of the bearing and the bearing working condition state level corresponding to each working condition state, the health state of each component of the bearing is calculated. Under the condition of knowing the health state of each component of the bearing, the running gear bearings are accurately maintained by classification, which can effectively improve the bearing maintenance efficiency and success rate.

[0073] The present invention also provides a system for maintaining the bearing state of the running gear of urban rail vehicles. Since this system solves the same technical problems as the method for maintaining the bearing state of the running gear of urban rail vehicles and belongs to the same technical concept, it should have the same beneficial effects, which will not be elaborated here. Description of the Drawings

[0074] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0075] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for maintaining the bearing state of the running gear of an urban rail vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of step S2 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of step A2 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of step A3 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of step C2 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 6 It is a flowchart of step S5 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 7 It is a flowchart after step S5 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 8 It is a flowchart of step S6 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a system for maintaining the bearing state of the running gear of an urban rail vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0084] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0085] The embodiments of the present invention are written in a progressive manner.

[0086] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system for maintaining the bearing state of a urban rail vehicle running gear. The main problem in the prior art is that it does not consider from the aspect of the bearing operation state, so it is impossible to accurately identify the faults at the initial stage of the bearing part, which leads to inaccurate bearing maintenance and low efficiency.

[0087] As Figure 1 shown, a method for maintaining the bearing state of a urban rail vehicle running gear includes the following steps:

[0088] S1. Obtain the original operating condition data of each bearing in each part of the vehicle running gear;

[0089] S2. Process the original operating condition data to obtain each operating condition and the bearing operating condition level corresponding to each operating condition;

[0090] S3. Assign influence weights to each operating condition according to the operating condition type;

[0091] S4. Assign deterioration degree weights to the bearing operating condition levels corresponding to each operating condition;

[0092] S5. Obtain the health state level of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight;

[0093] S6. Maintain the bearing according to the health state level of the bearing.

[0094] In step S1, the original operating condition data of each bearing in each part of the urban rail vehicle running gear are collected through various types of sensors;

[0095] In step S2, by processing the original operating condition data, each operating condition and the bearing operating condition level corresponding to each operating condition are obtained;

[0096] In step S3, for the influence degree of each operating condition of the bearing on the health of the axle box, weights are assigned according to the operating condition type and the influence degree from light to heavy;

[0097] In step S4, according to the bearing operating condition levels corresponding to each operating condition, weights are assigned from light to heavy;

[0098] In step S5, according to the influence weight value and the deterioration degree weight, the health state level of the bearing is calculated and obtained;

[0099] In step S6, the bearing is maintained under the guidance of the health state level of the bearing.

[0100] Preferably, the original operating condition data of the bearing include: grease running time, impact information and temperature information;

[0101] Each operating condition state includes: grease running condition state, impact condition state, and temperature condition state;

[0102] The types of operating conditions include: grease running condition, impact condition, and temperature condition.

[0103] In the actual operation process, the original operating condition state data of the bearing includes: grease running time, impact information of the bearing, and temperature information of the bearing. Among them, the grease running time is obtained according to the working years after the bearing leaves the factory or new grease is replaced; the impact information and temperature information of the bearing are respectively collected by corresponding sensors; the specific operating condition states are the grease running condition state, impact condition state, and temperature condition state; the corresponding types of operating conditions are: grease running condition, impact condition, and temperature condition.

[0104] As Figure 2 shown, preferably, in step S2, the following steps are included:

[0105] A1. Divide the grease running time in years to obtain the grease running state level;

[0106] A2. Process the impact information to obtain the impact intensity value, and obtain the impact state level of each component of the bearing according to the impact intensity value;

[0107] A3. According to the temperature information and the preset temperature thresholds of each part of the bearing, obtain the temperature state level of each part of the bearing.

[0108] In step A1, determine the operating condition state as the grease running state of the bearing, and then divide the level based on the running time of the new bearing or the bearing after inspection. Simply put, use years as the basis for level division; in this embodiment, the division method is shown in Table 1:

[0109] Grade of grease operating status First grade Second grade Third grade Grease operating time (year) 6 7 8

[0110] Table 1

[0111] That is, for a bearing with a grease running time of 6 years, the grease running state level is the first level, and so on;

[0112] In step A2, determine the operating condition state as the impact state of the bearing; then perform signal processing on the impact information, extract and analyze the effective information related to the fault characteristics, output the impact intensity value, and compare the impact intensity value with the impact threshold to perform the bearing impact state level division;

[0113] In step A3, determine the operating condition state as the temperature state of the bearing; then process the temperature information of bearings in different parts, and perform the bearing temperature state level division according to the comparison with different temperature thresholds.

[0114] AsFigure 3 As shown, preferably, step A2 includes the following steps:

[0115] B1. Process the impact information to obtain the fault characteristic information of each component of the bearing;

[0116] B2. Quantitatively analyze the fault characteristic information of each component of the bearing to obtain the impact strength value;

[0117] B3. According to the impact strength value and the preset impact strength threshold, obtain the impact state level of each component of the bearing.

[0118] In step B1, process the impact information of the bearing and extract the fault characteristic information of each component of the bearing;

[0119] In step B2, quantitatively analyze the fault characteristic information of each component of the bearing to obtain the impact strength value;

[0120] In step B3, determine the impact state level according to the obtained impact strength value and the preset impact strength threshold.

[0121] Preferably, the fault characteristic information of each component of the bearing is specifically: inner ring fault characteristic information, outer ring fault characteristic information, cage fault characteristic information, and roller fault characteristic information;

[0122] Each component of the bearing is specifically: inner ring, outer ring, cage, and roller.

[0123] In the actual application process, each component of the bearing includes an inner ring, an outer ring, a cage, and rollers. By extracting the corresponding characteristic information from the bearing impact information, the inner ring fault characteristic information, outer ring fault characteristic information, cage fault characteristic information, and roller fault characteristic information are obtained; the impact state levels of each component can be divided into three levels: early warning, first-level alarm, and second-level alarm according to different thresholds. In this embodiment, the specific division method is shown in Table 2:

[0124]

[0125] Table 2

[0126] Among them, X is the impact strength value.

[0127] That is, if the impact strength value of the inner ring fault is between 44 db and 50 db, the impact state level is the early warning level, and so on.

[0128] Such as Figure 4 As shown, preferably, step A3 includes the following steps:

[0129] C1. Obtain the actual temperature of each part of the bearing according to the temperature information;

[0130] C2. Obtain the temperature status level of the bearings at each part according to the actual temperature of the bearings at each part and the preset temperature thresholds of the bearings at each part.

[0131] Among them, the bearings at each part are specifically: axle box bearings, motor bearings, and gearbox bearings.

[0132] In step C1, according to the obtained bearing temperature information, obtain the actual temperature of the bearings at each part.

[0133] In step C2, compare the actual temperature of the bearings at each part with the preset temperature thresholds of the bearings at each part, so as to obtain the temperature status level of the bearings at each part. That is, the temperature status levels of the axle box bearings, motor bearings, and gearbox bearings.

[0134] As Figure 5 shown, preferably, step C2 includes the following steps:

[0135] D1. If the actual temperature of the target bearing is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold of all components at the same part on the same bogie, it is determined that the temperature of the target bearing is abnormal.

[0136] D2. If the actual temperature of the target bearing is greater than the ambient temperature, and the difference between the actual temperature of the target component and the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, it is determined that the temperature rise of the target bearing is abnormal.

[0137] D3. If the actual temperature of the target bearing is greater than the third temperature threshold, it is determined that the target bearing is over-temperature abnormal.

[0138] Among them, the target bearing is any bearing at each part;

[0139] The temperature thresholds of the bearings at each part include the first temperature threshold, the second temperature threshold, and the third temperature threshold;

[0140] The temperature status levels of the bearings at each part include temperature abnormality, temperature rise abnormality, and over-temperature abnormality.

[0141] In the actual operation process, the temperature status level is divided into three levels, specifically: temperature abnormality, temperature rise abnormality, and over-temperature abnormality; further, according to different threshold ranges, the three temperature status levels can be further divided into a warning level and an alarm level or other various levels respectively.

[0142] In step D1, when the actual temperature of the target bearing is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold (i.e., the average temperature) of all components at the same part on the same bogie, it is determined that the temperature of the target bearing is abnormal.

[0143] In step D2, when the actual temperature of the target bearing is greater than the ambient temperature and the difference obtained by subtracting the ambient temperature from the temperature of the target bearing is greater than the second temperature threshold, it is determined that the temperature rise of the target bearing is abnormal;

[0144] In step D3, when the actual temperature of the target bearing is greater than the third temperature threshold, it is determined that the target bearing is over-temperature abnormal;

[0145] The specific classification method is shown in Table 3:

[0146]

[0147] Table 3

[0148] Wherein, X is the actual temperature of the axle box bearing, motor bearing and gear box bearing.

[0149] That is, if the actual temperature of the axle box and gear box (low-speed shaft) parts is more than 5 degrees higher than the average temperature of all components in the same parts on the same bogie, it is determined that the temperature of the axle box and gear box (low-speed shaft) bearings is abnormal; if the difference between the temperature of the axle box and gear box (low-speed shaft) parts and the ambient temperature is between 30 and 40 degrees, it is determined that the temperature rise of the axle box and gear box (low-speed shaft) bearings is abnormal. If the difference is between 40 and 48 degrees, it is determined that the temperature rise of the axle box and gear box (low-speed shaft) bearings is a temperature rise warning (more serious than the temperature rise abnormality). If the difference is greater than 48 degrees, it is determined that the temperature rise of the axle box and gear box (low-speed shaft) bearings is a temperature rise alarm (more serious than the temperature rise warning), and so on.

[0150] Preferably, steps S3 and S4 are specifically:

[0151] According to the working condition type, a first-level influence weight is assigned to the grease operating condition state, a second-level influence weight is assigned to the impact condition state, and a third-level influence weight is assigned to the temperature condition state;

[0152] Among them, the first-level influence weight is less than the second-level influence weight, and the second-level influence weight is less than the third-level influence weight;

[0153] According to the working condition type and the bearing state grade corresponding to the working condition state, a first-level deterioration degree weight, a second-level deterioration degree weight, and a third-level deterioration degree weight are respectively assigned to each working condition state of each working condition type.

[0154] Step S3 is specifically: According to the influence degrees of the grease operating condition, impact condition, and temperature condition of the bearing on the health of the axle box, they are divided into 3 grades from light to heavy according to the influence degree, namely Grade I, Grade II, and Grade III. Among them, Grade I refers to the grease operating state, Grade II refers to the impact state, and Grade III refers to the temperature state. Weight factors are respectively assigned to the three working condition states, and the weight factors from light to heavy are 1, 2, and 3 respectively, as shown in Table 4:

[0155]

[0156] Table 4

[0157] Step S4 is specifically as follows: According to the grease operation condition and grease operation state level of the bearing, the impact condition and impact state level of the bearing, and the temperature condition and temperature state level of the bearing. In this embodiment, the deterioration degree weight is divided into 3 levels, namely A level, B level, and C level. The grease operation state level is given the deterioration degree weight of A level, the impact state level is given the deterioration degree weight of B level, and the temperature state level is given the deterioration degree weight of C level. The corresponding deterioration degree weight values are 5, 10, and 15, as shown in Table 5:

[0158]

[0159] Table 5

[0160] It should be noted that since there are classification judgment results for the temperature state level, multiple temperature state levels can be output. When multiple temperature state levels are output simultaneously, the level with the highest corresponding deterioration degree is taken as the final deterioration level.

[0161] Combining the above tables to form a comparison table of working condition state and deterioration degree level, as shown in Table 6:

[0162]

[0163] Table 6

[0164] As Figure 6 shown, preferably, Step S5 includes the following steps:

[0165] E1. Obtain the deduction scores of each working condition state of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight;

[0166] E2. Obtain the health index of the bearing according to the deduction scores of each working condition state;

[0167] E3. Obtain the health state level of the bearing according to the health index of the bearing.

[0168] In Step E1, obtain the deduction scores of each working condition state of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight; In this embodiment, the deduction score calculation formula for each state of the bearing is: Fx(i) = X * Y; where X is the influence value of different states, taking values of 1, 2, 3, and Y is the deduction score under different deterioration degrees, taking values of 5, 10, 15. The deduction items for the grease state, impact state, and temperature state of the bearing are Fo(i), Fp(i), and Ft(i).

[0169] Through this formula, the deduction scores of the grease operation state, impact state, and temperature state can be calculated;

[0170] For example, if the operating time of the bearing grease is 7 years, the deduction score is: Fo(i) = 1 * 10 (1 is the influence degree of the grease operating state, which is level I according to Table 4, and the corresponding influence value is 1; according to Tables 5 and 6, the deterioration degree after operating for 7 years is level B, and the corresponding influence value is 10).

[0171] If the impact state level is level two, the deduction score is: Fp(i) = 2 * 15 (2 is the influence degree of the impact state, which is level II according to Table 4, and the corresponding influence value is 2; according to Tables 5 and 6, the deterioration degree corresponding to the impact state level of level two is level C, and the corresponding influence value is 15).

[0172] If the temperature level is abnormal temperature rise and over-temperature alarm, the deduction score is: Ft(i) = 3 * 15 (3 is the influence degree of the temperature state, which is level III according to Table 4, and the corresponding influence value is 3; according to Tables 5 and 6, the deterioration level of over-temperature alarm is higher than that of abnormal temperature rise, so the over-temperature alarm is taken as the final deterioration level, and the deterioration degree of over-temperature alarm is level C, and the corresponding influence value is 15).

[0173] In step E2, according to the deduction scores of each working condition state and the preset formula, the health index of the bearing can be calculated and obtained. In this embodiment, the health condition of each bearing is represented by the health index H(i) (Health index), and the calculation formula of the health index H(i) is as follows, that is, subtracting the deduction scores of the 3 states of the bearing from the integer 100:

[0174] H(i) = 100 - [Fo(i) + Fp(i) + Ft(i)];

[0175] In step E3, according to the health index H(i) of a single bearing, the health state level of the bearing is judged and obtained. The health levels of the bearings are formulated in advance. The health levels are divided into 5 levels, namely normal, sub-healthy, minor fault, medium fault, and serious fault. The index ranges of each health level are shown in Table 7:

[0176]

[0177] Table 7

[0178] That is, if the specific value of the health index of the bearing falls into the above range, it is determined that the bearing is a certain health level;

[0179] In this embodiment, if the operating time of the grease of a certain bearing is 7 years, the impact state level is level two, and the temperature level is over-temperature alarm, then its health index is: H(i) = 100 - [Fo(ii) + Fp(i) + Ft(i)] = 100 - [1 * 10 + 2 * 15 + 3 * 15] = 15; then its health level is serious fault.

[0180] As Figure 7 shown, preferably, after step S5, the following steps are included::

[0181] F1. Obtain the failure rate of the bearings at each part of the whole vehicle and the failure rate of the first bearing according to the health status level;

[0182] F2. Judge whether the grease operation status level of the first bearing among the bearings at each part of the whole vehicle is greater than the preset number of years; if not, execute F3, if so, execute F5;

[0183] F3. Judge whether the failure rate of the bearings at each part of the whole vehicle is greater than the first failure rate threshold; if so, execute F4, if not, execute F6;

[0184] F4. Judge whether the failure rate of the first bearing among the bearings at each part of the whole vehicle is greater than the second failure rate threshold; if so, execute F5, if not, execute F6;

[0185] F5. Repair all the bearings at the corresponding part of the whole vehicle;

[0186] F6. Repair the corresponding bearings according to the health status level;

[0187] The first bearing is specifically: the bearing with the largest quantity proportion among the bearings of the same batch used in each part of the vehicle.

[0188] In step F1, count the number of bearings at each part of the whole vehicle, the number of the bearings with the largest quantity proportion among the bearings of the same batch used in each part of the vehicle, and the number of the failed bearings above the mild level (including medium and severe) in the whole vehicle, and obtain the failure rate of the bearings at each part of the whole vehicle and the failure rate of the first bearing;

[0189] In step F2, according to the grease operation status level (i.e., operation time) of the first bearing obtained from the processing of each original working condition data in step S2, judge whether the grease operation time has exceeded the preset number of years. If it has exceeded the preset number of years, repair the bearings at the same part of the whole vehicle;

[0190] In step F3, if the grease operation status has not exceeded the preset number of years, judge whether the failure rate of the bearings at each part of the whole vehicle obtained in step F1 exceeds the preset first failure rate threshold K. If it does not exceed the first failure rate threshold K, repair the corresponding bearings;

[0191] In step F4, if the failure rate of the bearings at a certain part among the parts of the whole vehicle exceeds the preset first failure rate threshold K, judge whether the failure rate of the first bearing obtained in step F1 exceeds the preset second failure rate threshold J; if it does not exceed the second failure rate threshold J, repair the corresponding failed bearings;

[0192] In step F5, if the failure rate of the first bearing has exceeded the preset second failure rate threshold J, that is, the failure rate of the bearing with the largest quantity proportion among the bearings of the same batch used in a certain part of the vehicle has exceeded the second failure rate threshold J, it indicates that most of the bearings in the corresponding part of the vehicle have failed, are about to fail, or have potential problems. All bearings in the corresponding part of the vehicle should be repaired.

[0193] In step F6, according to the health status level of the corresponding bearings that meet the conditions, the corresponding bearings are repaired.

[0194] As Figure 8 shown, preferably, step S6 includes the following steps:

[0195] G1. If the health status level of the bearing is normal or sub - healthy, there is no need to repair the bearing;

[0196] G2. If the health status level of the bearing is minor failure, repair the bearing during the frame repair or regular repair of the vehicle;

[0197] G3. If the health status level of the bearing is moderate failure, complete the bearing repair within the first repair cycle;

[0198] G4. If the health status level of the bearing is severe failure, complete the bearing repair within the second repair cycle;

[0199] Among them, the health status levels of the bearings include: normal, sub - healthy, minor failure, moderate failure, and severe failure;

[0200] The first repair cycle is longer than the second repair cycle.

[0201] In steps G1 to G4, if the health status level of the bearing is normal or sub - healthy, there is no need to repair the bearing; if the health status level of the bearing is minor failure, only repair the bearing during the frame repair or regular repair of the rail vehicle; if the health status level of the bearing is moderate failure, the bearing repair should be completed within the first repair cycle; if the health status level of the bearing is severe failure, the bearing repair should be completed within the second repair cycle.

[0202] It should be noted that for frame repair, the rail vehicle needs to be driven into the frame repair workshop, disassembled into parts, and each important system and component is inspected and repaired. The important components of the rail vehicle, especially the bogie and wheelset, motor, air - conditioning unit, braking system, etc. are disassembled, cleaned, inspected, flaw - detected, repaired, and scrapped parts are replaced; electronic components are cleaned and tested; the battery is cleaned and charged and discharged; all systems of the rail vehicle are comprehensively detected, debugged, and tested, etc.

[0203] The first maintenance cycle and the second maintenance cycle can be set according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the first maintenance cycle is set to be greater than the second maintenance cycle. That is, when a single bearing has a medium fault, the bearing maintenance should be completed as soon as possible. When a single bearing has a serious fault, the bearing maintenance should be completed immediately. The specific maintenance guidance is shown in Table 8 as follows:

[0204]

[0205] Table 8

[0206] It should be noted that the method for maintaining the bearings of the whole vehicle in step F5 is to repeat steps G1 to G4 (i.e., repeat the maintenance method for a single bearing) until the maintenance of all bearings of the whole vehicle is completed. Alternatively, after obtaining the health status level of the bearings, the bearings at each part of the whole vehicle can be directly maintained without using the method for maintaining a single bearing in this case.

[0207] As Figure 9 shown, a state maintenance system for the bearings of the running gear of an urban rail vehicle includes:

[0208] An acquisition module, configured to acquire the original working condition state data of each bearing at each part of the running gear;

[0209] A processing module, configured to process the original working condition state data to obtain each working condition state and the bearing working condition state level corresponding to each working condition state;

[0210] A weight module, configured to assign influence weights to each working condition state according to the working condition type;

[0211] The weight module is further configured to assign deterioration degree weights to the bearing working condition state levels corresponding to each working condition state;

[0212] A calculation module, configured to obtain the health status level of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight;

[0213] A maintenance instruction module, which performs maintenance on the bearing according to the health status level.

[0214] In the actual application process, the acquisition module acquires the original condition data of each bearing of the running gear and sends it to the processing module; the processing module processes the original condition data of each bearing to obtain each working condition and the bearing working condition level corresponding to each working condition, and sends them to the weight module; the weight module assigns an influence weight to each working condition according to the working condition type, and assigns a deterioration degree weight to the bearing working condition level corresponding to each working condition, and sends the working conditions with assigned weights and the corresponding bearing working condition levels to the calculation module; the calculation module calculates and obtains the health state level of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight, and sends the calculation result to the maintenance instruction module; the maintenance instruction module guides the staff to maintain the bearing according to the health state level.

[0215] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed method and system can be implemented in other ways. The system embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of modules is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the various components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0216] In addition, in each embodiment of the present invention, each functional module can be all integrated in one processor, or each module can be separately used as a device, or two or more modules can be integrated in one device; each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention can be implemented in the form of hardware, or can be implemented in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0217] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by program instructions and related hardware. The foregoing program instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program instructions are executed, they execute the steps including the above method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes: mobile storage devices, read-only memories (ROMs), magnetic disks, or optical disks, etc., which can store program codes.

[0218] It should be understood that in the present application, if "system", "device", "unit" and / or "module" are used, it is only a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, parts or assemblies at different levels. However, if other words can achieve the same purpose, the word can be replaced by other expressions.

[0219] As shown in this application and the claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, words such as "a", "an", "one", and / or "the" are not specifically singular and may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements that have been clearly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. A method or device may also include other steps or elements. An element defined by the statement "comprising one..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device that includes the element.

[0220] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0221] If a flowchart is used in this application, the flowchart is used to illustrate the operations performed by the system according to the embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the operations before or after do not necessarily have to be executed precisely in sequence. On the contrary, the steps can be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. At the same time, other operations can also be added to these processes, or one or more steps can be removed from these processes.

[0222] The above has introduced in detail a method and system for state-based maintenance of the running gear bearings of urban rail vehicles provided by the present invention. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A maintenance method for the bearing state of the running gear of an urban rail vehicle, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Obtain the original condition data of each bearing in each part of the vehicle running gear; Process the original condition data to obtain each condition state and the bearing condition state level corresponding to each condition state; Assign influence weights to each of the condition states according to the condition type; Assign deterioration degree weights to the bearing condition state levels corresponding to each of the condition states; Obtain the health state level of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight; Perform maintenance on the bearing according to the health state level of the bearing; Among them, the original condition data of each bearing includes: grease running time, impact information, and temperature information; After obtaining the health state level of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight, it includes the following steps: F1. Obtain the failure rates of the bearings in each part of the whole vehicle and the failure rate of the first bearing according to the health state level; F2. Judge whether the grease running state level of the first bearing among the bearings in each part of the whole vehicle is greater than the preset number of years; if not, execute F3, if so, execute F5; F3. Judge whether the failure rate of the bearings in each part of the whole vehicle is greater than the first failure rate threshold; if so, execute F4, if not, execute F6; F4. Judge whether the failure rate of the first bearing among the bearings in each part of the whole vehicle is greater than the second failure rate threshold; if so, execute F5, if not, execute F6; F5. Perform maintenance on all the bearings in the corresponding part of the whole vehicle; F6. Perform maintenance on the corresponding bearing according to the health state level; The first bearing specifically refers to: the bearing with the largest quantity proportion among the bearings of the same batch used in each part of the vehicle.

2. The maintenance method for the bearing state of the running gear of an urban rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the condition states includes: grease running condition state, impact condition state, and temperature condition state; The condition types include: grease running condition, impact condition, and temperature condition.

3. The maintenance method for the bearing state of the running gear of an urban rail vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of processing the original condition data to obtain each condition state and the bearing condition state level corresponding to each condition state includes the following steps: Divide the grease running time in years to obtain the grease running state level; Process the impact information to obtain the impact intensity value, and obtain the impact state level of each component of the bearing according to the impact intensity value; Obtain the temperature state level of the bearing in each part according to the temperature information and the preset temperature threshold of the bearing in each part.

4. The maintenance method for the bearing state of the running gear of an urban rail vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that The process of processing the impact information to obtain the impact intensity value and obtaining the impact state level of each component of the bearing according to the impact intensity value includes the following steps: Process the impact information to obtain the fault characteristic information of each component of the bearing; Quantitatively analyze the fault characteristic information of each component of the bearing to obtain the impact intensity value; Obtain the impact state level of each component of the bearing according to the impact intensity value and the preset impact intensity threshold.

5. The maintenance method for the bearing state of the running gear of an urban rail vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fault characteristic information of each component of the bearing specifically refers to: inner ring fault characteristic information, outer ring fault characteristic information, cage fault characteristic information, and roller fault characteristic information; Each component of the bearing specifically refers to: inner ring, outer ring, cage, and roller.

6. The maintenance method for the bearing state of the running gear of an urban rail vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the temperature state level of the bearing in each part according to the temperature information and the preset temperature threshold of the bearing in each part includes the following steps: Obtain the actual temperature of the bearings at each part according to the temperature information; Obtain the temperature status level of the bearings at each part according to the actual temperature of the bearings at each part and the preset temperature thresholds of the bearings at each part; Among them, the bearings at each part are specifically: axle box bearings, motor bearings and gear box bearings.

7. The maintenance method for the bearing state of the running gear of an urban rail vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that, The obtaining of the temperature status level of the bearings at each part according to the actual temperature of the bearings at each part and the preset temperature thresholds of the bearings at each part includes the following steps: If the actual temperature of the target bearing is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold of all components at the same part on the same bogie, it is determined that the temperature of the target bearing is abnormal; If the actual temperature of the target bearing is greater than the ambient temperature, and the difference between the actual temperature of the target bearing and the ambient temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, it is determined that the temperature rise of the target bearing is abnormal; If the actual temperature of the target bearing is greater than the third temperature threshold, it is determined that the target bearing has an over-temperature abnormality; Among them, the target bearing is any one of the bearings at each part; The temperature thresholds of the bearings at each part include a first temperature threshold, a second temperature threshold and a third temperature threshold; The temperature status levels of the bearings at each part include temperature abnormality, temperature rise abnormality and over-temperature abnormality.

8. The method for maintenance of the running gear bearing state of an urban rail vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The respectively assigning influence weights to each working condition state according to the working condition type and the respectively assigning deterioration degree weights to the bearing working condition state levels corresponding to the working condition states are specifically: According to the working condition type, assign a first-level influence weight to the grease operation working condition state, assign a second-level influence weight to the impact working condition state, and assign a third-level influence weight to the temperature working condition state; Among them, the first-level influence weight is less than the second-level influence weight, and the second-level influence weight is less than the third-level influence weight; According to the working condition type and the bearing state level corresponding to the working condition state, respectively assign a first-level deterioration degree weight, a second-level deterioration degree weight and a third-level deterioration degree weight to each working condition state of each working condition type.

9. The maintenance method for the bearing state of the running gear of an urban rail vehicle according to claim 3, wherein The obtaining of the health status level of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight includes the following steps: Obtain the deduction scores of each working condition state of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight; Obtain the health index of the bearing according to the deduction scores of each working condition state; Obtain the health status level of the bearing according to the health index of the bearing.

10. The method for maintaining the bearing state of the running gear of an urban rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Perform maintenance on the bearing according to the health status level of the bearing, including the following steps: If the health status level of the bearing is normal or sub-healthy, there is no need to perform maintenance on the bearing; If the health status level of the bearing is a minor fault, perform maintenance on the bearing during the vehicle major overhaul or regular overhaul; If the health status level of the bearing is a medium fault, complete the bearing maintenance within the first maintenance cycle; If the health status level of the bearing is a serious fault, complete the bearing maintenance within the second maintenance cycle; Among them, the health status levels of the bearing include: normal, sub-healthy, minor fault, medium fault and serious fault; The first maintenance cycle is greater than the second maintenance cycle.

11. A maintenance system for the bearings of the running gear of an urban rail vehicle, characterized in that, Include: An acquisition module, used to acquire the original working condition state data of the bearings at each part of the running gear; A processing module for processing the original operating condition data to obtain various operating conditions and the bearing operating condition levels corresponding to the various operating conditions; A weight module for assigning influence weights to the various operating conditions according to the operating condition types respectively; The weight module is further configured to assign deterioration degree weights to the bearing operating condition levels corresponding to the various operating conditions respectively; A calculation module for obtaining the health state level of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight; A maintenance instruction module for performing maintenance on the bearing according to the health state level of the bearing; Wherein, the original operating condition data of the bearing includes: grease operation time, impact information and temperature information; After obtaining the health state level of the bearing according to the influence weight and the deterioration degree weight, the following steps are included: F1. Obtaining the failure rates of the bearings at all parts of the vehicle and the failure rate of the first bearing according to the health state level; F2. Judging whether the grease operation state level of the first bearing among the bearings at all parts of the vehicle is greater than a preset number of years; if not, execute F3, if so, execute F5; F3. Judging whether the failure rate of the bearings at all parts of the vehicle is greater than a first failure rate threshold; if so, execute F4, if not, execute F6; F4. Judging whether the failure rate of the first bearing among the bearings at all parts of the vehicle is greater than a second failure rate threshold; if so, execute F5, if not, execute F6; F5. Performing maintenance on all the bearings at the corresponding part of the vehicle; F6. Performing maintenance on the corresponding bearing according to the health state level; The first bearing is specifically: the bearing with the largest quantity proportion among the bearings of the same batch used in all parts of the vehicle.

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