Positioning and loading fixture for testing bearing torque and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of application test of starting torque and rotating torque of bearings, and particularly relates to a positioning and loading tool for testing bearing torque and a use method thereof. The tool fixes the bearing through a positioning tool, loads the bearing through a loading tool, and detects the rotating torque as the starting torque. The positioning tool comprises a bearing assembly, a mounting pad, and a centering mounting cover. The loading tool comprises a bearing assembly, a fixing base, and an inner ring clamp. The tool can completely position the bearings during the testing of the starting torque and the rotating torque of bearings with different outer diameters, inner diameters, and width sizes within a certain size range. The universality of the tool reduces the time and material waste caused by the separate design of tools for bearings with different sizes, saves the testing cost, and shortens the testing period. The tool can be used on a special test platform, or can be used on a general-purpose device such as a four-ball tester by changing the interface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of application testing technology for bearing starting torque and rotation torque, specifically relating to a positioning and loading fixture for testing bearing torque and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Rolling bearings are widely used in various sectors of the national economy. They are important mechanical components, and starting torque and rotating torque are crucial performance characteristics of bearings. The starting torque and rotating torque of a bearing are affected by many factors, including bearing structure, temperature, and lubrication conditions. Therefore, the testing of bearing starting torque and rotating torque must consider factors such as bearing installation, positioning, loading, and temperature. Existing testing structures are insufficient to meet the requirements for bearing positioning and loading. Considering factors such as different bearing inner diameters, outer diameters, width dimensions, and axial and radial positioning, a positioning and loading fixture for testing bearing rotating torque and starting torque is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the aforementioned prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a positioning and loading fixture and its force measurement method for testing bearing torque, addressing the issues of bearing positioning and loading during bearing starting torque and rotational torque testing. The device enables axial and radial positioning of the bearing during the pre-test installation process, ensuring concentricity between the bearing and the rotating shaft. Furthermore, from an energy-saving and environmentally friendly perspective, it achieves versatility for bearings of different sizes.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a positioning fixture for testing bearing torque, comprising a bearing assembly, a mounting pad, and a centering mounting cover. The bearing assembly is placed on the mounting pad and includes an outer ring clamp and a bearing assembled within the outer ring clamp. The outer ring clamp is a cylindrical structure with one open end and one closed end. The mounting pad supports the closed end of the outer ring clamp, and the closed end of the outer ring clamp is provided with a threaded interface. A positioning cone for positioning the bearing is provided on one end face of the centering mounting cover, and a threaded rod is provided at the end of the positioning cone. The centering mounting cover positions the bearing from top to bottom from the open end of the outer ring clamp and is connected and locked to the threaded interface of the outer ring clamp.

[0005] Furthermore, the outer ring clamp has several positioning screw holes on its annular side surface. Supporting semi-threaded bolts can be selectively installed in the positioning screw holes, and the bearing is placed on the support semi-threaded bolts. Locking semi-threaded bolts can be selectively installed in the positioning screw holes, and the locking semi-threaded bolts are locked onto the outer diameter surface of the bearing.

[0006] Furthermore, the positioning screw holes are arranged in nine groups at equal intervals along the generatrix of the outer ring clamp cylinder. Each group has three positioning screw holes distributed at 120° intervals along the circumferential direction, and adjacent groups are staggered by 26° along the circumferential direction.

[0007] Furthermore, three semi-threaded bolts for support are distributed along the circumference; three semi-threaded bolts for locking are distributed along the circumference.

[0008] Furthermore, the mounting pad has an annular structure with a hollow inner hole in the middle.

[0009] Furthermore, a handle for easy operation is provided on the end face of the centering mounting cover away from the positioning cone.

[0010] Furthermore, the closed end of the outer ring clamp is provided with two mounting holes, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the threaded interface.

[0011] A loading fixture for testing bearing torque includes a bearing assembly, a fixed base, and an inner ring clamp. The bearing assembly includes an outer ring clamp and a bearing fixedly assembled within the outer ring clamp. The outer ring clamp is a cylindrical structure with one open end and one closed end. The closed end of the outer ring clamp is provided with a threaded interface. The bearing assembly is connected to the fixed base through the threaded interface of the outer ring clamp. The fixed base and the bearing assembly are placed on a hydraulic tray. The fixed base is connected to a force gauge. The inner ring clamp is connected to a rotating shaft through a rotating shaft interface. A loading cone is provided on the end face of the inner ring clamp away from the rotating shaft. The inner ring clamp applies a load after contacting the inner hole of the bearing through the loading cone.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer ring clamp has several positioning screw holes on its annular side surface. Supporting semi-threaded bolts can be selectively installed in the positioning screw holes, and the bearing is placed on the support semi-threaded bolts. Locking semi-threaded bolts can be selectively installed in the positioning screw holes, and the locking semi-threaded bolts are locked onto the outer diameter surface of the bearing.

[0013] Furthermore, the positioning screw holes are arranged in nine groups at equal intervals along the generatrix of the outer ring clamp cylinder. Each group has three positioning screw holes distributed at 120° intervals along the circumferential direction, and adjacent groups are staggered by 26° along the circumferential direction.

[0014] Furthermore, three semi-threaded bolts for support are distributed along the circumference; three semi-threaded bolts for locking are distributed along the circumference.

[0015] Furthermore, the force gauge and the fixed base are kept on the same horizontal plane.

[0016] Furthermore, the closed end of the outer ring clamp is provided with two mounting holes, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the threaded interface. The fixed base is provided with mounting threaded holes and mounting positioning pins corresponding to the outer ring clamp.

[0017] The above-described method for using the positioning fixture for testing bearing torque involves placing the outer ring clamp on the mounting pad, installing three supporting semi-threaded bolts in the positioning screw holes at a predetermined height at the bottom, placing the bearing on the three supporting semi-threaded bolts, installing the alignment cover on the threaded interface of the outer ring clamp, and tightening it with the handle to ensure that the bearing's geometric center coincides with its rotation center. Then, selecting the positioning screw hole in the height direction of the bearing's outer ring, installing the three locking semi-threaded bolts and tightening them to the bearing's outer diameter surface to ensure radial positioning of the bearing, rotating the handle to remove the alignment cover, and transferring the bearing assembly formed by fixing the outer ring clamp and bearing to the loading fixture for loading and torque testing.

[0018] The above-described method for using the loading fixture for testing bearing torque involves securing the outer ring clamp and bearing together with semi-threaded bolts to form a bearing assembly. The bearing assembly is then mounted on a fixed base. The inner ring clamp is installed on a rotating shaft via a rotating shaft interface. A hydraulic pallet is used to raise the fixed base until the bearing's inner bore contacts the inner ring clamp, and a certain load is applied and held in place. The fixed base is then connected to a force gauge via a steel wire, ensuring the force gauge is fixed and on the same horizontal plane as the fixed base. The rotating shaft is then started, and the bearing's rotational torque and starting torque are measured using the force gauge reading.

[0019] Furthermore, the product of the force gauge reading and the radius of the fixed base is the bearing's rotational torque, and the rotational torque of the bearing when it starts is the starting torque.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The tooling of this invention enables the testing of starting torque and rotational torque of bearings with different outer diameters, inner diameters, and widths within a certain size range. During the process, the bearing is fully positioned. The versatility of this tooling reduces the time and material waste caused by designing separate tooling for bearings of different sizes, saving testing costs and shortening the testing cycle. This tooling can be used on a dedicated testing platform or, by changing the interface, on general-purpose equipment such as a four-ball testing machine. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the outer ring clamp Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the outer ring clamp Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the inner ring fixture in the loading tooling Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the inner ring fixture in the loading tooling Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 5 Diagram of centering cover installation in positioning fixture Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 6 Diagram of centering cover installation in positioning fixture Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting pad in the positioning fixture;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the fixed base in the loading fixture;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a semi-threaded bolt;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing to be tested;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning fixture;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the loading fixture;

[0033] In the diagram: 1 Outer ring clamp, 2 Locating screw hole, 3 Threaded interface, 4 Mounting hole, 5 Inner ring clamp, 5.1 Loading cone, 6 Rotary shaft interface, 7 Alignment mounting cover, 7.1 Locating cone, 7.2 Threaded rod, 7.3 Handle, 8 Mounting pad, 9 Fixed base, 9.1 Mounting threaded hole, 9.2 Mounting positioning pin, 10 Half-threaded bolt, 10.1 Support half-threaded bolt, 10.2 Locking half-threaded bolt, 11 Tapered bearing to be tested;

[0034] A. Connect to the rotating shaft; B. Connect to the force gauge; C. Connect to the hydraulic pallet. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the structure and function of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] See appendix Figure 1-12 This is a positioning and loading fixture used for testing bearing torque. The positioning fixture fixes the bearing, and the loading fixture applies a load to the bearing and measures the rotational torque as the starting torque. For example... Figure 9As shown, the installation and inspection process of a tapered roller bearing is taken as an example. The positioning fixture includes a bearing assembly, a mounting pad 8, and a centering mounting cover 7. The bearing assembly is placed on the mounting pad 8. The bearing assembly includes an outer ring clamp 1 and a bearing 11 assembled in the outer ring clamp 1. The outer ring clamp 1 is a cylindrical structure with one open end and one closed end. The mounting pad 8 supports the closed end of the outer ring clamp 1, and the closed end of the outer ring clamp 1 is provided with a threaded interface 3. A positioning cone 7.1 for positioning the bearing 11 is provided on one end face of the centering mounting cover 7. The end of the positioning cone 7.1 is provided with a threaded rod 7.2. The centering mounting cover 7 positions the bearing 11 from top to bottom from the open end of the outer ring clamp 1 and is connected and locked to the threaded interface 3 of the outer ring clamp.

[0037] Furthermore, a plurality of positioning screw holes 2 are provided on the annular side surface of the outer ring clamp 1. Supporting semi-threaded bolts 10.1 can be selectively installed in the plurality of positioning screw holes 2, and the bearing 11 is placed on the support semi-threaded bolts 10.1. Locking semi-threaded bolts 10.2 can be selectively installed in the plurality of positioning screw holes 2, and the locking semi-threaded bolts 10.2 are locked onto the outer diameter surface of the bearing 11.

[0038] Furthermore, the positioning screw holes 2 are arranged in nine groups at equal intervals along the generatrix of the outer ring clamp cylinder. Each group has three positioning screw holes distributed at 120° intervals along the circumferential direction, and adjacent groups are staggered by 26° along the circumferential direction.

[0039] Based on the above technical solution, the groups are arranged along the generatrix direction, and each group can be considered as a plane with a parallel bottom surface. These nine planes are equidistantly arranged along the generatrix direction. That is, there are actually nine layers of positioning screw holes, three in each layer. In order to prevent interference between layers and ensure stability, the positioning screw holes in each layer are staggered.

[0040] Furthermore, three supporting semi-threaded bolts 10.1 are distributed along the circumference and assembled into the same set of positioning screw holes 2; three locking semi-threaded bolts 10.2 are distributed along the circumference and assembled into the same set of positioning screw holes 2.

[0041] Furthermore, the mounting pad 8 has an annular structure with a hollow inner hole in the center. The inner hole of the mounting pad 8 avoids interference with the threaded rod 7.2 of the concentric mounting cover.

[0042] Furthermore, a handle 7.3 for easy operation is provided on the side end face of the center mounting cover 7 away from the positioning cone 7.1.

[0043] Furthermore, the closed end of the outer ring clamp 1 is provided with two mounting holes 4, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the threaded interface 3.

[0044] The positioning fixture is used as follows: Place the outer ring clamp 1 on the mounting pad 8, install three supporting semi-threaded bolts 10.1 in the positioning screw holes 2 at a suitable height at the bottom, place the tapered bearing 11 on the supporting semi-threaded bolts 10.1, install the alignment mounting cover 7 on the threaded interface 3, and tighten it by the handle above to ensure that the geometric center of the bearing coincides with the rotation center. Select the positioning screw hole 2 near the center in the height direction of the bearing outer ring, install the locking semi-threaded bolts 10.2 into it and tighten it to the outer diameter surface of the bearing to ensure the radial positioning of the bearing. Move the alignment mounting cover 7 out by turning the handle, and transfer the bearing assembly formed by fixing the outer ring clamp 1 and the bearing 11 to the loading fixture for loading and torque testing.

[0045] The loading fixture for testing bearing torque includes a bearing assembly fixed by a positioning fixture, a fixed base, and an inner ring clamp. The bearing assembly includes an outer ring clamp 1 and a bearing 11 fixedly assembled in the outer ring clamp 1 by three supporting semi-threaded bolts 10.1 and three locking semi-threaded bolts 10.2. The outer ring clamp 1 is a cylindrical structure with one open end and one closed end. The closed end of the outer ring clamp 1 is provided with a threaded interface 3 and two symmetrical mounting holes 4. The bearing assembly is connected to the fixed base 9 through the threaded interface 3 and the two symmetrical mounting holes 4 of the outer ring clamp. The fixed base 9 and the bearing assembly are placed on a hydraulic tray. The fixed base 9 is connected to a force gauge, and the force gauge and the fixed base 9 are kept on the same horizontal plane. The inner ring clamp 5 is connected to a rotating shaft through a rotating shaft interface 6. A loading cone 5.1 is provided on the end face of the inner ring clamp 5 away from the rotating shaft. The inner ring clamp 5 contacts the inner hole of the bearing 11 through the loading cone 5.1 and applies a load.

[0046] Furthermore, the fixed base 9 is provided with a mounting threaded hole 9.1 and a mounting positioning post 9.2 corresponding to the outer ring clamp 1.

[0047] The loading fixture is used as follows: The outer ring clamp 1 and the tapered bearing 11 to be tested are mounted on the fixed base 9. The inner ring clamp 5 is mounted on the rotating shaft via the rotating shaft interface 6. The fixed base 9 is raised using a hydraulic pallet until the inner hole of the bearing 11 contacts the inner ring clamp 5. A certain load is applied and held in place. The fixed base 9 is connected to the force gauge via a steel wire, ensuring the force gauge is fixed and on the same horizontal plane as the fixed base 9. The rotating shaft is then started. The product of the force gauge reading and the radius of the fixed base is the bearing's rotational torque. The rotational torque at the start of the bearing is the starting torque. The force gauge used is a general-purpose tensile gauge that meets the required range and accuracy; there are no specific requirements regarding the manufacturer or model.

[0048] During the testing of bearing starting torque and rotational torque, the positioning and loading of the bearing must be considered. During the installation process before testing, the bearing needs to be axially and radially positioned to ensure concentricity between the bearing and the rotating shaft. Furthermore, from an energy-saving and environmental protection perspective, the device should be compatible with bearings of different sizes.

[0049] Considering the aforementioned issues, this fixture features a universal conical inner ring clamp, adaptable to tapered bearings of varying inner diameters within a certain size range. An additional rubber coating increases friction with the inner ring. The outer ring clamp incorporates multiple rows of threaded holes in the radial direction, using two sets of six semi-threaded bolts to achieve axial and radial positioning of bearings with different outer diameters and widths within a certain size range. Furthermore, a dedicated installation positioning fixture is designed to ensure concentricity between the bearing and the rotating shaft during installation, guaranteeing coincidence of the rotational axis center. This fixture achieves complete bearing positioning during the testing of starting torque and rotational torque for bearings with different outer diameters, inner diameters, and widths within a certain size range. Its versatility reduces the time and material waste associated with designing separate fixtures for bearings of different sizes, saving testing costs and shortening the testing cycle. This fixture can be used on dedicated testing platforms or, by modifying the interface, on general-purpose equipment such as a four-ball testing machine.

[0050] The above examples are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible. All variations that can be directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for using a positioning fixture for testing bearing torque, characterized in that: A positioning fixture for testing bearing torque includes a bearing assembly, a mounting pad, and a centering mounting cover. The bearing assembly is placed on the mounting pad and includes an outer ring clamp and a bearing assembled within the outer ring clamp. The outer ring clamp is a cylindrical structure with one open end and one closed end. The mounting pad supports the closed end of the outer ring clamp, which has a threaded interface. A positioning cone for positioning the bearing is provided on one end face of the centering mounting cover, and a threaded rod is provided at the end of the positioning cone. The centering mounting cover positions the bearing from top to bottom from the open end of the outer ring clamp and is connected and locked to the threaded interface of the outer ring clamp. The outer ring clamp has several positioning screw holes on its annular side surface. Support semi-threaded bolts can be selectively installed in the several positioning screw holes. The bearing is placed on the support semi-threaded bolts. Locking semi-threaded bolts can be selectively installed in the several positioning screw holes. The locking semi-threaded bolts are locked on the outer diameter surface of the bearing. The mounting pad has a ring structure with a hollow inner hole in the middle; the concentric mounting cover has a handle for easy operation on the end face away from the positioning cone. Instructions for use: Place the outer ring clamp on the mounting pad, install three supporting semi-threaded bolts in the positioning screw holes at the predetermined height at the bottom, place the bearing on the three supporting semi-threaded bolts, install the alignment mounting cover on the threaded interface of the outer ring clamp, and tighten it by the handle to ensure that the geometric center of the bearing coincides with the rotation center. Select the positioning screw hole in the height direction of the bearing outer ring, install the three locking semi-threaded bolts in and tighten them to the outer diameter surface of the bearing to ensure the radial positioning of the bearing. Turn the handle to remove the alignment mounting cover, and transfer the bearing assembly formed after fixing the outer ring clamp and the bearing to the loading fixture for loading and torque testing.

2. The method of using the positioning fixture for testing bearing torque according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning screw holes are arranged in nine groups at equal intervals along the generatrix of the outer ring clamp cylinder. Each group has three positioning screw holes distributed at 120° intervals along the circumferential direction, and adjacent groups are staggered by 26° along the circumferential direction. The supporting semi-threaded bolts are distributed in three groups along the circumferential direction. The locking semi-threaded bolts are distributed in three groups along the circumferential direction.

3. The method of using the positioning fixture for testing bearing torque according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring clamp has two mounting holes on its closed end, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the threaded interface.

4. A method for using a loading fixture for testing bearing torque, characterized in that: A loading fixture for testing bearing torque includes a bearing assembly, a fixed base, and an inner ring clamp. The bearing assembly includes an outer ring clamp and a bearing fixedly assembled within the outer ring clamp. The outer ring clamp is a cylindrical structure with one open end and one closed end. The closed end of the outer ring clamp is provided with a threaded interface. The bearing assembly is connected to the fixed base through the threaded interface of the outer ring clamp. The fixed base and the bearing assembly are placed on a hydraulic tray. The fixed base is connected to a force gauge. The inner ring clamp is connected to a rotating shaft through a rotating shaft interface. A loading cone is provided on the end face of the inner ring clamp away from the rotating shaft. The inner ring clamp applies a load after contacting the inner hole of the bearing through the loading cone. The outer ring clamp has several positioning screw holes on its annular side surface. Support semi-threaded bolts can be selectively installed in the several positioning screw holes. The bearing is placed on the support semi-threaded bolts. Locking semi-threaded bolts can be selectively installed in the several positioning screw holes. The locking semi-threaded bolts are locked on the outer diameter surface of the bearing. The outer ring clamp and bearing are fixed together with supporting and locking semi-threaded bolts to form a bearing assembly. The bearing assembly is installed on the fixed base. The inner ring clamp is installed on the rotating shaft through the rotating shaft interface. The fixed base is raised by the hydraulic tray so that the inner hole of the bearing contacts the inner ring clamp and a certain load is applied and held. The fixed base is connected to the force gauge with a steel wire to ensure that the force gauge is fixed and on the same horizontal plane as the fixed base. The rotating shaft is started, and the rotational torque and starting torque of the bearing are measured by the reading of the force gauge.

5. The method of using the loading fixture for testing bearing torque according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning screw holes are arranged in nine groups at equal intervals along the generatrix of the outer ring clamp's cylinder. Each group has three positioning screw holes distributed at 120° intervals along the circumference, and adjacent groups are staggered by 26° along the circumference. The supporting semi-threaded bolts are distributed in three groups along the circumference. The locking semi-threaded bolts are distributed in three groups along the circumference. The force gauge and the fixed base are kept on the same horizontal plane. The closed end of the outer ring clamp is provided with two mounting holes, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the threaded interface. The fixed base is provided with mounting threaded holes and mounting positioning pins corresponding to the outer ring clamp.

6. The method of using the loading fixture for testing bearing torque according to claim 4, characterized in that: The product of the force gauge reading and the radius of the fixed base is the bearing's rotational torque, and the bearing's rotational torque when it starts is the starting torque.

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