Sliding cam system

Abstract

A sliding cam system for an internal combustion engine, having an adjustment element (16), wherein the adjustment element (16) comprises at least three coupling pins (17a, 17b, 17c), wherein a first coupling pin (17a) is arranged in the region of a main sliding cam element (12a) and a second coupling pin (17b) is arranged in the region of a first secondary sliding cam element (12b) and a third coupling pin (17c) is arranged in the region of a second secondary sliding cam element (12c) and the coupling pins (17a, 17b, 17c) in each case interact with a shift slot guide (13) of the respectively associated sliding cam element (12a, 12b, 12c) such that a movement of the main sliding cam element (12a) induced by an actuator pin (15) can be transmitted by the adjustment element (16) to the secondary sliding cam elements (12b, 12c), wherein the sliding cam system is set such that a switching operation of the first secondary sliding cam element (12b) at least partially occurs simultaneously with a switching operation of the second secondary sliding cam element (12c).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a sliding cam system for internal combustion engines. Background Technology

[0002] The sliding cam system of the above type is known, for example, from DE 10 2011 054 218A1.

[0003] In a known sliding cam system, a rotatably mounted camshaft is provided. The camshaft comprises multiple sliding cams. The sliding cams are axially movable. The axial movement of the sliding cams is initiated by an actuator.

[0004] For this purpose, the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the sliding cam via a shift fork, which moves axially directly via an actuator. During the axial movement of the sliding cam, the connecting rod moves together with the sliding cam.

[0005] The connecting rod includes doors. Each door is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. Each door is associated with an additional sliding cam. The additional sliding cam has a pin that engages with a corresponding associated cam, causing the additional sliding cam to move according to the movement of the sliding cam fixedly connected to the connecting rod.

[0006] The applicant's patent applications PCT / EP2020 / 058182 or DE 10 2019 107 626.9 disclose a sliding cam system for an internal combustion engine having at least one camshaft, the sliding cam system comprising a carrier shaft with at least two sliding cam elements. Each sliding cam element includes a shift gate having at least one shift groove, wherein the sliding cam element is axially displaceable relative to the carrier shaft by at least one actuator pin. At least one adjusting element is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the carrier shaft, wherein the adjusting element is axially displaceable in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the carrier shaft.

[0007] Although an advantageous sliding cam system has been proposed, improvements are still possible, particularly in terms of maximum shift speed and the mass to be moved.

[0008] Therefore, in the prior art, particularly in sliding cam systems according to PCT / EP2020 / 058182 or DE 102019 107 626.9, the shifting area of ​​the shift groove is limited to 120°NW in each case, which ultimately represents the groove length for shifting of the corresponding sliding cam element. The mass to be moved by the sliding camshaft and the final maximum shifting speed are further limited by the composite kinematics. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This is where the invention comes into play, its purpose being to provide an improved sliding cam system, and in particular, to specify a sliding cam system in which axial displacement of the sliding cam element at an increased speed and / or axial displacement of the sliding cam element with a larger mass can be achieved.

[0010] According to the present invention, this objective is achieved by a sliding cam system.

[0011] Because the sliding cam system is designed such that the shifting operation of the first sliding cam element occurs at least partially simultaneously with the shifting operation of the second sliding cam element, the sliding area can be expanded compared to known sliding cam systems, and thus axial displacement of the sliding cam element at increased speed and / or axial displacement of sliding cam elements with greater mass can be achieved.

[0012] In particular, other advantageous configurations of the proposed invention can be found. The subject matter or features of different embodiments can, in principle, be combined with each other as needed.

[0013] In an advantageous configuration of the invention, the sliding cam system may be configured such that the shifting operation of the first sliding cam element begins immediately after the shifting operation of the main sliding cam element ends, and the shifting operation of the second sliding cam element begins after the shifting operation of the first sliding cam element begins but before its end.

[0014] In another advantageous configuration of the invention, the sliding cam system may be configured such that the start of the shifting operation of the first sliding cam element and the start of the shifting operation of the second sliding cam element occur simultaneously.

[0015] In another advantageous configuration of the invention, the lengths of the shifting regions of the sliding cam elements can be set to be the same, specifically, °NW 121a / S= °NW 121b / S= °NW 121c / S.

[0016] In another advantageous configuration of the invention, it can be set such that the lengths of the shift regions of all sliding cam elements are different, and in particular, °NW 121a / S≠°NW 121b / S≠°NW 121c / S.

[0017] In another advantageous configuration of the invention, the displacement region of the sliding cam element can be set to be greater than 120°NW, specifically, °NW 121a / S>120°, °NW 121b / S>120°, and °NW 121c / S>120°, respectively.

[0018] In another advantageous configuration of the invention, it can be configured such that the start of the shift portion °NW121b / SA relative to the cam start point °NW122b / NA is different from the start of the shift portion °NW121c / SA relative to the cam start point °NW122c / NA. In other words, for the secondary sliding cam element, the angular position of the shift region relative to the corresponding cam tip is different. In particular, the angular position of °NW121b / SA relative to °NW122b / NA is different from the angular position of °NW121c / SA relative to °NW122c / NA.

[0019] In another advantageous configuration of the invention, the length of the displacement region of the first shift groove on the main sliding cam element may be greater than the length of the displacement region of the shift groove on the secondary sliding cam element.

[0020] In another advantageous configuration of the invention, it may be configured such that the length of the shifting region of the shift groove on at least one secondary sliding cam element is greater than the length of the shifting region on the primary sliding cam element and / or the length of the shifting region on possible other secondary sliding cam elements.

[0021] In another advantageous configuration of the invention, more than two auxiliary sliding cam elements may be connected to a connecting element.

[0022] In another advantageous configuration of the invention, the secondary sliding cam elements may be configured to be non-identical components, particularly non-identical components in terms of the shifting region and / or cam profile.

[0023] In another advantageous configuration of the invention, the cam profiles of the secondary sliding cam elements can be arranged identically, particularly offset by an angle, for example, 120°, only according to the firing order, and implemented identically with respect to the cam profile. However, the arrangement and cam profile shape / length can differ depending on thermodynamic requirements.

[0024] In another advantageous configuration of the invention, the sliding cam system may be configured such that the shifting operation of the primary sliding cam element ends before the shifting operation of the secondary sliding cam element occurs. Preferably, the displacement of the primary sliding cam element occurs only when the stop disc is not obstructed, while the displacement of the secondary cam element may preferably occur only when the stop disc is obstructed.

[0025] In another advantageous configuration of the invention, the sliding cam system may be configured such that the shifting operation of the first sliding cam element begins immediately after the shifting operation of the main sliding cam element ends, wherein, in particular, the shifting operation of the other (second) sliding cam element preferably begins after the shifting operation of the first sliding cam element begins and before its end. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Referring to the accompanying drawings, other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments, in which:

[0027] Figure 1 A perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a sliding cam system according to the prior art is shown;

[0028] Figure 2 Another perspective view shows an exemplary embodiment of a sliding cam system according to the prior art;

[0029] Figure 3 A side view of an exemplary embodiment of a sliding cam system according to the prior art is shown;

[0030] Figure 4 Another side view of an exemplary embodiment of a sliding cam system according to the prior art is shown;

[0031] Figure 5 A side view of another exemplary embodiment of a sliding cam system according to the prior art is shown;

[0032] Figure 6 A diagram showing the "lift [mm] / blocking area [] with respect to angle [°NW]" of a sliding cam system according to the prior art is shown;

[0033] Figure 7 A perspective view of an embodiment of the sliding cam system according to the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 7a A perspective view of a camshaft according to an embodiment of a sliding cam system based on the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 8 A perspective view of the main sliding cam element of the sliding cam system according to the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 9 A side view of the main sliding cam element of the sliding cam system according to the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 10 It shows according to Figure 9 The cross section AA;

[0038] Figure 11 A perspective view of the first sliding cam element of the sliding cam system according to the present invention is shown;

[0039] Figure 12 A side view of the first sliding cam element of the sliding cam system according to the present invention is shown;

[0040] Figure 13 It shows according to Figure 12 The cross section CC;

[0041] Figure 13a It shows according to Figure 12 The cross section CC;

[0042] Figure 14 A perspective view of the second sliding cam element of the sliding cam system according to the present invention is shown;

[0043] Figure 15 A side view of the second sliding cam element of the sliding cam system according to the present invention is shown;

[0044] Figure 16 It shows according to Figure 15 The cross section BB;

[0045] Figure 16a It shows according to Figure 15 The cross section BB;

[0046] Figure 17 A locking element (blocking disc) for a sliding cam system according to the invention is shown;

[0047] Figure 18 It shows according to Figure 7 A diagram showing the "lift [mm] / blocking area [] with respect to angle [°NW]" of the sliding cam system according to the present invention.

[0048] The following figure uses the following reference numerals:

[0049] 10 Camshaft

[0050] 11 Carrier shaft

[0051] 12a Main sliding cam element

[0052] 12b First sliding cam element

[0053] 12c Second sliding cam element

[0054] 13 Gear Shift Door

[0055] 14 shift grooves

[0056] 14a First Shift Groove

[0057] 14b Second Shift Groove

[0058] 15 actuator pins

[0059] 16 Adjustment Elements

[0060] 17a First Connecting Pin

[0061] 17b Second Connecting Pin

[0062] 17c Third Connecting Pin

[0063] 18 receiving elements

[0064] 19 Locking Elements

[0065] 20 rolling bearings

[0066] 21 retaining ring

[0067] 22 Cam Profile

[0068] 23 actuators

[0069] 24-blocking disc blocking area

[0070] 25mm full-stroke irregular cylinder 1 (FL irregular cylinder 1)

[0071] 26-stroke irregular cylinder 3 (FL irregular cylinder 3)

[0072] 27-inch full-lift irregular-shaped cylinder 2 (FL irregular-shaped cylinder 2)

[0073] 28-part lift irregular cylinder 1 (PL irregular cylinder 1)

[0074] 29-part lift irregular cylinder 3 (PL irregular cylinder 3)

[0075] 30-part lift irregular cylinder 2 (PL irregular cylinder 2)

[0076] 31 Axial lift cylinder 1

[0077] 32 Axial Lift Cylinder 2

[0078] 33 Axial lift cylinder 3

[0079] Simultaneous region of axial motion of 34 sliding cam elements (BG)

[0080] 121a Main sliding cam element 12a First shift groove

[0081] 121a' The second shift groove of the main sliding cam element 12a

[0082] 121b First sliding cam element 12b shift groove

[0083] The shift groove of the second sliding cam element 12c of 121c

[0084] 122a Main sliding cam element 12a First cam profile

[0085] 122a' Second cam profile of main sliding cam element 12a

[0086] 122b First sliding cam element 12b First cam profile

[0087] 122b' First sliding cam element 12b second cam profile

[0088] 122c Second sliding cam element 12c First cam profile

[0089] 122c' Second sliding cam element 12c second cam profile

[0090] °NW 121a / S The angular length of the shifting region 121a / S of the first shift groove 121a of the main sliding cam element 12a.

[0091] °NW 121a / F Main sliding cam element 12a first shift groove 121a free wheel 121a / F angular length

[0092] °NW 121b / S First sliding cam element 12b shift groove 121b shift area 121b / S angular length

[0093] °NW 121b / F First sliding cam element 12b shift groove 121b free wheel 121b / F angular length

[0094] °NW 121c / S Second sliding cam element 12c shift groove 121c shift area 121c / S angular length

[0095] °NW 121c / F Second sliding cam element 12c shift groove 121c free wheel 121c / F angular length

[0096] °NW 121a / SA The starting point of the shifting region of the first shift groove 121a of the main sliding cam element 12a.

[0097] °NW 121a / SE The end point of the shifting area of ​​the first shift groove 121a of the main sliding cam element 12a

[0098] °NW 121b / SA The starting point of the shifting area of ​​the shift groove 121b of the first sliding cam element 12b.

[0099] °NW 121b / SE First sliding cam element 12b shift groove 121b end point of the shifting area

[0100] °NW 121c / SA The starting point of the shifting area of ​​the shift groove 121c of the second sliding cam element 12c.

[0101] °NW 121c / SE The end point of the shifting area of ​​the shift groove 121c of the second sliding cam element 12c.

[0102] °NW122b / NA The starting point of the first cam profile 122b of the first sliding cam element 12b

[0103] °NW122c / NA The starting point of the first cam profile 122c of the second sliding cam element 12c NS122b The cam tip of the first cam profile of the first sliding cam element 12b

[0104] The cam tip of the first cam profile of the second sliding cam element 12c of NS122c Detailed Implementation

[0105] Figures 1 to 4 The same exemplary implementation of the sliding cam system is shown from different angles.

[0106] A sliding cam system for an internal combustion engine having at least one camshaft 10 includes a carrier shaft 11. A primary sliding cam element 12a and a first secondary sliding cam element 12b are arranged on the carrier shaft to be axially movable relative to the longitudinal axis of the carrier shaft 11, and in particular, to rotate together. It is conceivable that more than two sliding cam elements are arranged on the carrier shaft 11. The carrier shaft 11 preferably includes three rolling bearings 20. One rolling bearing 20 is arranged at each of the axial ends of the carrier shaft 11, and another rolling bearing 20 is arranged between the sliding cam elements 12a, 12b. The rolling bearings 20 are preferably locked by retaining rings 21. The number of rolling bearings 20 and retaining rings 21, as well as the positions of the support points, are variable. The sliding cam elements 12a, 12b include a shift gate 13 and a cam profile 22.

[0107] The shift gate 13 of the first sliding cam element 12a includes a first shift groove 14a and a second shift groove 14b. The shift grooves 14a and 14b are at least partially V-shaped. In other words, the widths of the two shift grooves 14a and 14b are not constant. The width should be understood as the distance between the sides of the shift grooves 14a and 14b relative to the carrier shaft 11 in the axial direction. The sides of the shift grooves 14a and 14b are close to each other in the V-shaped portion.

[0108] The two shift grooves 14a and 14b are preferably arranged at the same rotation angle. The first shift groove 14a preferably has a larger radius than the second shift groove 14b.

[0109] The radius should be understood as the distance from the bottom surface of the first shift groove 14a or the second shift groove 14b to the longitudinal central axis of the carrier shaft 11. Therefore, the outer diameter of the shift gate 13 and the radius of the bottom surface of the groove determine the groove depth.

[0110] The first shift groove 14a preferably includes a stepped portion. In other words, the first shift groove 14a is in the form of a protrusion or shoulder. The first shift groove 14a preferably has a varying radius. In other words, the first shift groove 14a partially has a region with a larger radius and a region with a smaller radius. The radius varies steplessly. These regions are each assigned an inlet region, an outlet region, and a shift region.

[0111] The second shift groove 14b preferably has a constant radius. The width of the second shift groove 14b is smaller than the width of the first shift groove 14a.

[0112] Two actuator pins 15 are arranged on the carrier shaft 11. The actuator pins 15 are movable only in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal central axis of the carrier shaft 11. The actuator pins 15 are assigned to a first shift groove 14a. In other words, the actuator pins only engage with the first shift groove 14a. The actuator pins 15 are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of the carrier shaft 11. Therefore, depending on the position of the main sliding cam element, one of the two actuator pins 15 can be introduced into the first shift groove 14a. The introduction of the actuator pin 15 can induce axial movement of the main sliding cam element 14a.

[0113] For this purpose, an actuator pin 15 is introduced into the first shift groove 14a. Due to the reduction in groove width, the introduced actuator pin 15 engages with the side of the first shift groove 14a. More specifically, the introduced actuator pin 15 applies a force oriented in the opposite direction to the side of the first shift groove 14a. As a result, the main sliding cam element 12a undergoes axial displacement. Therefore, the direction of displacement depends on the side with which the introduced actuator pin 15 engages. Each side of the first shift groove 14a is equipped with an actuator pin 15.

[0114] An adjusting element 16 is arranged parallel to the carrier axis 11. The adjusting element 16 is axially movable. The adjusting element is offset by more than 90° relative to the actuator pin 15. Alternatively, other angular offsets are also conceivable. The adjusting element 16 includes a first connecting pin 17a, a second connecting pin 17b, and a receiving element 18. The first connecting pin 17a and the second connecting pin 17b are respectively arranged at the axial ends of the adjusting element 16. The receiving element 18 includes three extensions and is arranged between the axial ends of the adjusting element 16. The connecting pins 17a, 17b and the receiving element 18 extend orthogonally to the longitudinal central axis of the carrier axis 11.

[0115] A first connecting pin 17a is assigned to a second shift groove 14b of the main sliding cam element 12a. The first connecting pin 17a and the second connecting pin 17b are arranged on the adjusting element 16 to allow for general rotation. The first connecting pin 17a is permanently engaged with the second shift groove 14b of the main sliding cam element 12a.

[0116] The first connecting pin 17a is subjected to a force from the side of the second shift groove 14b. The adjusting element 16 is displaced in the direction of the force. Since the adjusting element 16 and therefore the connecting pins 17a and 17b are offset from each other by more than 90° in the circumferential direction, and the first shift groove 14a and the second shift groove 14b are arranged at the same rotation angle, the displacement of the adjusting element 16 occurs in a time-shifted or phase-shifted manner.

[0117] The second connecting pin 17b is disposed in the region of the first sliding cam element 12b. The first sliding cam element 12b includes a shift groove 14. The shift groove 14 has a V-shaped portion. The second connecting pin 17b is permanently engaged with the shift groove 14. The shift groove 14 of the first sliding cam element 12b is arranged such that the first sliding cam element 12b can be shifted relative to the main sliding cam element 12a by a time offset.

[0118] Due to the displacement of the adjusting element 16, the second connecting pin 17b moves axially within the shift groove 14. More specifically, the second connecting pin 17b moves toward one of the sides of the shift groove 14. The second connecting pin 17b and the shift groove 14 engage in substantially the same manner as the first shift groove 14a of the actuator pin 15 and the main sliding cam element 12a.

[0119] The carrier shaft 11 includes a locking element 19 in the form of a circular disc. Alternatively, other geometries are also conceivable. The locking element 19 is arranged between the first sliding cam element 12a and the first sliding cam element 12b. The locking element 19 is axially defined by the receiving element 18. The locking element 19 has a supporting function. The locking element 19 forms a reverse bearing for the receiving element 18. The locking element 19 absorbs force during shifting operations and thus allows the adjusting element 16 to be fixed. Furthermore, the cooperation between the receiving element 18 and the locking element 19 prevents the main sliding cam element 12a from being unintentionally displaced. The receiving element 18 includes two receiving portions for the locking element 19. The locking element 19 includes a notch. Thus, the adjusting element can be displaced via the circular disc. For this purpose, the notch is arranged in the region of the corresponding rotation angle. The notch is arranged in the circular disc such that the adjusting element 16 moves through the notch during axial movement. It is conceivable that the adjusting element 16 additionally includes a spring / ball locking device (not shown).

[0120] In summary, due to the adjusting element 16, the aforementioned sliding cam system allows for phase shifting of the sliding cam elements 12a and 12b using a single actuator. Therefore, the total number of actuators in the sliding cam system can be significantly reduced.

[0121] Figure 5 Another embodiment of a sliding cam system according to the prior art is described. This sliding cam system generally corresponds to... Figures 1 to 4 The sliding cam system shown includes a second sliding cam element 12c, and in particular, the main sliding cam element 12a has a shift gate of a different shape.

[0122] Preferably, the locking element 19 is arranged between the second sliding cam element 12b and the third sliding cam element 12c. The locking element 19 includes a circular disc with a notch. In the region of the circular disc, an extension is arranged on the adjusting element 16. The circular disc forms a reverse bearing for the extension. The circular disc engages with the extension during the displacement movement, thereby relieving the load on the first connecting pin during the displacement movement. In other words, the extension is supported against the circular disc. The notch is arranged at the rotational angle at which the first adjusting element 16 is displaced. The actuator is identified by reference numeral 23.

[0123] Figure 6 The illustration shows "according to" Figure 5 The diagram shows the "lift [mm] / blocking area [] about angle [°NW]" of the sliding cam system.

[0124] According to Figure 6 In the diagram, based on Figure 5 The valve lift generated by the corresponding cam profile (large lift) of the sliding cam system according to the prior art is referred to as "FL irregular cylinder 1", "FL irregular cylinder 2" and "FL irregular cylinder 3".

[0125] According to Figure 6 The chart is based on existing technology. Figure 5 The valve lift generated by the corresponding cam profile (small lift) of the implementation of the sliding cam system is referred to as "PL-shaped cylinder 1", "PL-shaped cylinder 2" and "PL-shaped cylinder 3".

[0126] The blocking area of ​​the blocking disc or locking element 19 is also according to Figure 6 It is drawn in the diagram.

[0127] For further details and implementation methods, please refer to the applicant’s PCT / EP2020 / 058182 or DE 10 2019 107 626.9, which are explicitly referenced herein.

[0128] Further improvements to the shifting mechanism of the sliding cam element will be described below.

[0129] Figures 7 to 18 A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated. The embodiment of the sliding cam system according to the invention described herein includes a main sliding cam element 12a, a first auxiliary sliding cam element 12b, and a second auxiliary sliding cam element 12c. Furthermore, the locking element 19 may also be referred to as a blocking disc. Additionally, the adjusting element 16 may also be referred to as a push rod.

[0130] Each sliding cam element has a shift groove 121a, 121a', 121b, and 121c. This means that the main sliding cam element 12a has shift grooves 121a and 121a', the first auxiliary sliding cam element 12b has a shift groove 121b, and the second auxiliary sliding cam element 12c has a shift groove 121c.

[0131] The shift groove 121a is intended for engaging the actuator pin 15, while the shift groove 121a' is intended for engaging the first coupling pin 17a of the connecting element 16.

[0132] The shift groove 121b is correspondingly configured to engage the second connecting pin 17b, and the shift groove 121c is correspondingly configured to engage the third connecting pin 17c.

[0133] As described above, during the rotation of the camshaft 10, the main sliding cam element 12a is axially displaced in a targeted manner into the shift groove 121a via engagement of the actuator or actuator pin 15. The adjusting element 16 is axially displaced via engagement of the first connecting pin 17a in the shift groove 121a, resulting in corresponding displacement of connecting pins 17b and 17c.

[0134] The shift groove 121a of the main sliding cam element 12a has at least one displacement region 121a / S and a freewheel region 121a / F in the circumferential direction. The displacement region 121a / S is characterized in particular by the shift groove sidewall, which is inclined relative to the longitudinal axis / rotation axis L of the main sliding cam element 12a or the carrier shaft. In other words, this is the region in which the main element 12a and the connecting element 16, as a result of the operative connection between the shift groove 121a' and the connecting pin 17a, are axially displaced. In contrast, the freewheel region is the region of the shift groove 121a in which the connecting element 16 does not undergo axial displacement. The displacement region may also be referred to as the shift region.

[0135] The shift groove 121b of the first auxiliary sliding cam element 12b has at least one displacement region 121b / S and a freewheel region 121b / F in the circumferential direction. The displacement region 121b / S is characterized in particular by the shift groove sidewall, which is inclined relative to the longitudinal axis / rotation axis L of the auxiliary sliding cam element 12b or the carrier shaft. In other words, this is the region where the displaced connecting pin 17b supports and abuts, causing the auxiliary sliding cam element 12b to be axially displaced in the desired direction. In contrast, the freewheel region is the region of the shift groove 121b in which the auxiliary sliding cam element 12b does not undergo axial displacement. This region is characterized in particular by not contacting the shift groove sidewall during movement of the connecting element.

[0136] To avoid repetition, it should also be noted that the second sliding cam element 12c and its shifting groove 121c have a shifting region 121c / S and a freewheel region 121c / F. The connecting pin 17c of the adjusting element 16 engages here in a corresponding manner. For details on its function, please refer to the preceding paragraph concerning the first sliding cam element 12b.

[0137] Each sliding cam element has at least two cam profiles. A cam profile can also take the form of a so-called zero-lift cam. The cam profiles are different from each other, and in particular, result in different lifts of the controlled valve (not shown).

[0138] The main sliding cam element 12a preferably has a first cam profile 122a and a second cam profile 122a'. The first auxiliary sliding cam element 12b preferably has a first cam profile 122b and a second cam profile 122b'. The second auxiliary sliding cam element 12c preferably has a first cam profile 122c and a second cam profile 122c'. For the sake of clarity only, in Figure 7 and Figure 7a The cam profile of the main sliding cam element 12a is not shown in the diagram. However, it can be referenced here. Figures 8 to 10 .

[0139] The displacement area can be more tightly defined in terms of their angular lengths, as well as in terms of their starting points and their ending points.

[0140] Therefore, the angle length can be specified as mentioned above:

[0141] °NW 121a / S The angular length of the shifting region 121a / S of the first shift groove 121a of the main sliding cam element 12a.

[0142] °NW 121a / F Main sliding cam element 12a first shift groove 121a free wheel 121a / F angular length

[0143] °NW 121b / S First sliding cam element 12b shift groove 121b shift area 121b / S angular length

[0144] °NW 121b / F First sliding cam element 12b shift groove 121b free wheel 121b / F angular length

[0145] °NW 121c / S Second sliding cam element 12c shift groove 121c shift area 121c / S angular length

[0146] °NW 121c / F Second sliding cam element 12c shift groove 121c free wheel 121c / F angular length

[0147] And the start and end points of the shift region:

[0148] °NW121a / SA Main sliding cam element 12a, starting point of the shifting region of the first shift groove 121a

[0149] °NW121a / SE main sliding cam element 12a first shift groove 121a shifting area end point

[0150] °NW121b / SA The starting point of the shifting area of ​​the shift groove 121b of the first sliding cam element 12b

[0151] The end point of the shifting area of ​​the first sliding cam element 12b of °NW121b / SE

[0152] °NW121c / SA The starting point of the shifting area of ​​the shift groove 121c of the second sliding cam element 12c

[0153] The end point of the shifting area of ​​the shift groove 121c of the second sliding cam element 12c of °NW121c / SE

[0154] The present invention provides that the sliding cam system is designed such that the shifting operation of the first sliding cam element 12b occurs at least partially simultaneously with the shifting operation of the second sliding cam element 12c.

[0155] According to the present invention, the partial simultaneous shifting of the secondary sliding cam elements is understood as follows: the shifting regions of the corresponding secondary shift gates are oriented at an angle relative to each other such that they have the following portions: in said portions, the connecting pins of the adjusting elements for axially shifting the first secondary sliding cam element and the connecting pins for axially shifting the adjusting elements for axially shifting the second secondary sliding cam element are simultaneously in operative contact, such that the axial shifting of the second secondary cam element begins at least when the axial shifting of the first secondary sliding cam element occurs.

[0156] In this case, the angular orientation of the secondary door, i.e. the arrangement structure and length of the corresponding displacement area, always depends on the type of motor or the corresponding installation space requirements of the internal combustion engine, such as the radial arrangement structure and position of the adjustment element.

[0157] In this case, the angular orientation of the secondary door, i.e. the arrangement structure and length of the corresponding displacement area, always depends on the type of motor or the corresponding installation space requirements of the internal combustion engine, such as the radial arrangement structure and position of the adjustment element.

[0158] Preferably, the sliding cam system is configured such that the shifting operation of the first sliding cam element 12b begins immediately after the shifting operation of the main sliding cam element 12a ends, and the shifting operation of the second sliding cam element 12c begins after the shifting operation of the first sliding cam element 12b begins but before its end.

[0159] More preferably, the sliding cam system can be configured such that the start of the shifting operation of the first sliding cam element 12b and the start of the shifting operation of the second sliding cam element 12c occur simultaneously.

[0160] More preferably, it can be configured such that the radial lengths of the shift regions °NW121a / S, °NW121b / S and °NW121c / S (angular domains) of all sliding cam elements 12a, 12b and 12c are the same, and in particular, °NW121a / S = °NW121b / S = °NW121c / S.

[0161] More preferably, it can be configured that the radial lengths of the displacement regions °NW121a / S, °NW121b / S and °NW121c / S (angular domains) of all sliding cam elements 12a, 12b and 12c are different, and in particular, °NW121a / S ≠ °NW121b / S ≠ °NW121c / S.

[0162] More preferably, the displacement area of ​​the sliding cam element can be set to be greater than 120°NW, specifically, °NW121a / S>120°, °NW121b / S>120°, and °NW121c / S>120°, respectively.

[0163] More preferably, the sliding cam system can be configured such that the offset of the shift portion °NW121b / SA relative to the cam start point °NW122b / NA is different from the offset of the shift portion °NW121c / SA relative to the cam start point °NW122c / NA.

[0164] More preferably, the length of the shift region °NW121a / S of the first shift groove 121a on the main sliding cam element 12a is greater than the lengths of the shift regions °NW121b / S and °NW121c / S of the shift grooves 121b and 121c on the auxiliary sliding cam elements 12b and 12c, respectively.

[0165] More preferably, the lengths of the shifting regions °NW121b / S or °NW121c / S on at least one secondary sliding cam element 12b or 12c are respectively greater than the length of the shifting region °NW121a / S on the primary sliding cam element 12a and / or the length of the shifting region (°NW121x / S) on possible other secondary sliding cam elements (12x). x here represents the index of the other secondary sliding cam element.

[0166] More preferably, more than two secondary sliding cam elements 12b, 12c may be connected to the connecting element 16, particularly in applications with internal combustion engines having more than three cylinders arranged in series. Preferably, the shift groove on the secondary sliding element may be larger than the shift groove on the primary sliding element and / or larger than the shift groove on at least one other secondary sliding element.

[0167] Sliding camshaft systems can also be used in 5, 6, 8, 10, and 12-cylinder internal combustion engines. Regarding the number of cam profiles: 122x y In addition, the sliding cam system can also be configured with three (or more) stages. "X" here represents the index of the corresponding sliding cam element, and "Y" here represents the index of the corresponding cam profile.

[0168] Compared to the sliding cam system according to the prior art, as a result of the present invention, the length and arrangement of the shift groove (axially shifted area) of the secondary shift gate relative to the corresponding cam tip are modified, so that overlapping shifting of the secondary element is ultimately achieved.

[0169] This could result in the following angular lengths in the main sliding cam element 12a and the secondary sliding cam elements 12b and 12c: the angular length of the shift region 121a / S of the main sliding cam element 12a is greater than 120°, the angular length of the shift region 121b / S of the first secondary sliding cam element 12b is greater than 120°, and / or the angular length of the shift region 121c / S of the second secondary sliding cam element 12c is greater than 120°. In particular, the angular lengths of the shift regions 121a / S, 121b / S, and 121c / S of the shift grooves 121a, 121b, and 121c are, for example, all 153°NW.

[0170] Furthermore, it is preferable that, for the secondary sliding cam element, the angular position of the shift region relative to the corresponding cam tip is different, in particular °NW121b / SA is different from °NW122b / NA compared to °NW121c / SA compared to °NW122c / NA.

[0171] Furthermore, it is preferable that the secondary sliding cam elements are not identical components, particularly in terms of the displacement area (arrangement structure, length) and / or cam profile (arrangement structure, length).

[0172] The arrangement of the shifting region relative to the corresponding cam tip should be different, and the length can also be different. If the secondary cam has different mass characteristics, the shifting behavior can, for example, be adjusted so that the length of the shift groove is in harmony with the mass.

[0173] In a specific and preferred configuration of the present invention, the shift portion °NW121b / SA may be configured such that the starting point of the shift portion °NW121b / SA relative to the cam tip NS122b of the first auxiliary sliding cam reaches 143°, and the starting point of the shift portion NW121c / SA relative to the cam tip NS122c of the second auxiliary sliding cam reaches 203°. In other words, for the auxiliary sliding cam element, the angular position of the shift region relative to the corresponding cam tip is different, especially °NW121b / SA relative to NS122b is different from °NW121c / SA relative to NS122c.

[0174] Furthermore, it is preferable that the cam profiles of the secondary sliding cam elements are arranged identically, particularly arranged to be offset by an angle, for example, 120°, only according to the firing order, and implemented identically with respect to the cam profile. However, the arrangement and cam profile shape / length can differ depending on thermodynamic requirements.

[0175] Especially regarding "according to Figure 7 ( Figure 18From the diagram of the sliding cam system according to the invention, “lift [mm] / blocking area [] with respect to angle [°NW]”, it is clear that the shifting operation of the main sliding cam element 12a should end before the shifting operation of the secondary sliding cam elements 12b and 12c occurs. This is specifically attributed to the function of the blocking disc or locking element 19.

[0176] In addition, regarding the basis Figure 18 As shown in the diagram, it is clear that the shifting operation or axial displacement of the first sliding cam element 12b begins immediately after the shifting operation of the main sliding cam element ends. The shifting operations of the other (secondary) sliding cam elements preferably begin after the shifting operation of the first sliding cam element begins and before its end. In extreme cases, the first sliding cam element and one or more other sliding cam elements shift simultaneously—the shifting operations begin simultaneously.

[0177] According to Figure 18 In the figure, the valve lift generated by the first cam profiles 122a, 122b and 122c is represented as “FL profile cylinder 1”, “FL profile cylinder 2” and “FL profile cylinder 3”.

[0178] According to Figure 18 In the figure, the valve lift generated by the first cam profiles 122a', 122b' and 122c' is represented as "PL-shaped cylinder 1", "PL-shaped cylinder 2" and "PL-shaped cylinder 3".

[0179] The blocking area of ​​the blocking disc or locking element 19 is also according to Figure 18 It is drawn in the diagram.

[0180] The "simultaneous region of axial movement of the secondary sliding cam element" is also drawn as BG. Here, the overlap of the axial displacement of the secondary sliding cam element, which is crucial to the present invention, is evident.

[0181] Equally obvious, but not inherent to the invention, is that the valve lift “FL-shaped cylinder 1”, “FL-shaped cylinder 2” and “FL-shaped cylinder 3” generated by the first cam profiles 122a, 122b and 122c overlap in time with the valve stroke “PL-shaped cylinder 1”, “PL-shaped cylinder 2” and “PL-shaped cylinder 3” generated by the first cam profiles 122a', 122b' and 122c'.

[0182] The features and details described in connection with the method also apply to the features and details described in connection with the apparatus according to the invention, and vice versa, so that reference can always be made to each other with respect to the disclosures of various aspects of the invention. Furthermore, the method optionally described according to the invention can be implemented by the apparatus according to the invention.

Claims

1. A sliding cam system for an internal combustion engine having at least one camshaft (10), the sliding cam system comprising a carrier shaft (11) having at least one primary sliding cam element (12a), a first secondary sliding cam element (12b), and at least one second secondary sliding cam element (12c), each of the primary sliding cam element (12a), the first secondary sliding cam element (12b), and the second secondary sliding cam element (12c) comprising a shift gate (13) having at least one shift groove (14), wherein, The main sliding cam element (12a) is axially displaceable relative to the carrier shaft (11) via at least one actuator pin (15), and at least one adjusting element (16) is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the carrier shaft (11), wherein the adjusting element (16) is axially displaceable in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the carrier shaft (11), wherein the adjusting element (16) has at least three connecting pins (17a, 17b, 17c), wherein the first connecting pin (17a) is arranged in the region of the main sliding cam element (12a), and Furthermore, the second connecting pin (17b) is arranged in the region of the first auxiliary sliding cam element (12b), and the third connecting pin (17c) is arranged in the region of the second auxiliary sliding cam element (12c). Each of the connecting pins (17a, 17b, 17c) engages with the shift gate (13) of its corresponding associated sliding cam element (12a, 12b, 12c), such that the motion of the main sliding cam element (12a) initiated by the actuator pin (15) can be transmitted to the auxiliary sliding cam elements (12b, 12c) via the adjusting element (16). Its features are, The sliding cam system is designed such that the shifting operation of the first sliding cam element (12b) occurs at least partially simultaneously with the shifting operation of the second sliding cam element (12c).

2. The sliding cam system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding cam system is designed such that the shifting operation of the first auxiliary sliding cam element (12b) begins immediately after the shifting operation of the main sliding cam element (12a) ends, and the shifting operation of the second auxiliary sliding cam element (12c) begins after the shifting operation of the first auxiliary sliding cam element (12b) begins and before its end.

3. The sliding cam system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The sliding cam system is designed such that the start of the shifting operation of the first sliding cam element (12b) occurs simultaneously with the start of the shifting operation of the second sliding cam element (12c).

4. The sliding cam system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The lengths of the shift regions (°NW121a / S, °NW121b / S, °NW121c / S) of the sliding cam elements (12a, 12b, 12c) are the same.

5. The sliding cam system according to claim 4, characterized in that, °NW121a / S=°NW121b / S=°NW121c / S, where °NW 121a / S refers to the angular length of the shifting area (121a / S) of the first shifting groove (121a) of the main sliding cam element (12a), °NW 121b / S refers to the angular length of the shifting area (121b / S) of the first auxiliary sliding cam element (12b), and °NW 121c / S refers to the angular length of the shifting area (121c / S) of the second auxiliary sliding cam element (12c).

6. The sliding cam system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The radial lengths of the displacement regions (°NW121a / S, °NW121b / S, °NW121c / S) of all the sliding cam elements (12a, 12b, 12c) are different.

7. The sliding cam system according to claim 6, characterized in that, °NW121a / S≠°NW121b / S≠°NW121c / S, where °NW 121a / S refers to the angular length of the shifting area (121a / S) of the first shifting groove (121a) of the main sliding cam element (12a), °NW 121b / S refers to the angular length of the shifting area (121b / S) of the first auxiliary sliding cam element (12b), and °NW 121c / S refers to the angular length of the shifting area (121c / S) of the second auxiliary sliding cam element (12c).

8. The sliding cam system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The displacement regions (°NW121a / S, °NW121b / S, °NW121c / S) of the sliding cam elements (12a, 12b, 12c) are greater than 120°NW.

9. The sliding cam system according to claim 8, characterized in that, °NW 121a / S>120° and °NW121b / S>120° and °NW 121c / S>120°, where, °NW 121a / S refers to the angular length of the shifting area (121a / S) of the first shift groove (121a) of the main sliding cam element (12a), °NW 121b / S refers to the angular length of the shifting area (121b / S) of the first auxiliary sliding cam element (12b), and °NW 121c / S refers to the angular length of the shifting area (121c / S) of the second auxiliary sliding cam element (12c).

10. The sliding cam system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The sliding cam system is designed such that the start of the shift portion °NW121b / SA relative to the cam start point NW122b / NA is different from the start of the shift portion NW121c / SA relative to the cam start point NW122c / NA.

11. The sliding cam system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The length of the shift region (°NW121a / S) of the first shift groove (121a) on the main sliding cam element (12a) is greater than the length of the shift region (°NW121b / S, °NW121c / S) of the shift groove (121b, 121c) on the auxiliary sliding cam elements (12b, 12c).

12. The sliding cam system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The length of the shift groove on at least one secondary sliding cam element is greater than the length of the shift region on the primary sliding cam element (12a) and / or the length of the shift region on other secondary sliding cam elements (12x).

13. The sliding cam system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, More than two auxiliary sliding cam elements are connected to the connecting element (16).

14. The sliding cam system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The secondary sliding cam elements are not the same components.

15. The sliding cam system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The secondary sliding cam elements are not identical components in terms of displacement area and / or cam profile.

16. The sliding cam system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The cam profiles of the auxiliary sliding cam elements are arranged identically.

17. The sliding cam system according to claim 16, characterized in that, The cam profile of the auxiliary sliding cam element is arranged to be offset by an angle only according to the firing order.

18. The sliding cam system according to claim 17, characterized in that, The cam profile of the auxiliary sliding cam element is arranged such that it is implemented with the same cam profile but offset by 120° only according to the firing order.

19. The sliding cam system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The sliding cam system is designed such that the shifting operation of the main sliding cam element (12a) ends before the shifting operation of the second auxiliary sliding cam element (12c) occurs.

20. The sliding cam system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The sliding cam system is designed such that the shifting operation of the first auxiliary sliding cam element (12b) begins immediately after the shifting operation of the main sliding cam element (12a) is completed.

21. The sliding cam system according to claim 20, characterized in that, The shifting operation of the second sliding cam element (12c) begins after the shifting operation of the first sliding cam element (12b) begins and before it ends.

22. The sliding cam system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The starting point of the shift section NW121b / SA relative to the cam tip NS122b of the first sliding cam reaches 143°, and the starting point of the shift section NW121c / SA relative to the cam tip NS122c of the second sliding cam reaches 203°.

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