A method for cultivating konjac seed induced by space mutation

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for cultivating konjac seed induced by space, and belongs to the technical field of konjac cultivation. The method for cultivating konjac seed induced by space provided by the present invention overcomes the problem of lack of cultivation technology after space mutagenesis of konjac seed induced by space in the prior art, and can significantly improve the germination rate of konjac seed induced by space, and at the same time, make the young and rare konjac seed induced by space quickly adapt to the external environment, and then improve the survival rate of konjac seedlings, so that precious space induced seeds can be continued and used. The present invention provides seed quality guarantee for successful mutagenesis through pre-treatment of konjac seed induced by space, and plays a role together with the above steps, and finally improves the breeding efficiency of konjac seed induced by space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of konjac cultivation, and in particular to a method for cultivating konjac seed induced by space mutation. Background Art

[0002] Konjac is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Amorphophallus in the family Araceae. It is rich in glucomannan and is widely used in many fields such as food, chemistry, medicine, and environmental protection. Konjac germplasm resources are rich, with about 220 species in the world and 25 species in my country. However, due to the long-term asexual reproduction of konjac, the offspring are mixed and the species degenerates, which directly affects the yield and quality of konjac.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of aerospace technology, space-induced mutation breeding has become a new way to innovate and utilize konjac germplasm resources. Using outer space cosmic particles, microgravity, weak geomagnetism and other factors to induce mutation in konjac seeds, and then carrying out further breeding work after returning to the ground, is of great significance to the breeding of new konjac varieties.

[0004] The fruit of konjac is a berry with one or a few seeds. The seed of konjac is not a true botanical seed, but a typical nutritional organ. Although the seed is a small bulb in shape, it is still a sexual organ in essence. Using seed to breed taro can increase the reproduction coefficient, facilitate transportation, reduce the spread of konjac-specific pathogens, and maintain the excellent quality of the original variety. There is a lack of corresponding seedling cultivation technology for the precious and rare space-induced konjac seed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the invention is to provide a method for cultivating konjac seedlings induced by space mutagenesis, so as to solve the problem that the prior art lacks the cultivation technology of konjac seedlings induced by space mutagenesis.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for cultivating space-induced konjac seedlings, comprising the following steps:

[0008] The konjac seeds induced by space are soaked, and after the soaking, the seeds are placed in a culture container and initially cultured until germination;

[0009] Transplant the germinated seeds to the seedbed and culture them under film covering for 7 to 12 days;

[0010] Remove the film and carry out 10-25 days of seedling hardening culture, during which time the seedlings are sprayed with wood vinegar;

[0011] After the seedling hardening and cultivation is completed, the seedlings are transplanted to fields and then managed during the seedling stage to obtain konjac plants.

[0012] Preferably, the seed soaking treatment uses a thiourea aqueous solution or a GA solution;

[0013] The mass concentration of the thiourea aqueous solution is 0.5-1.5%;

[0014] The concentration of the GA solution is 2-7 mg / L;

[0015] The seed soaking treatment lasts for 12 to 48 hours.

[0016] Preferably, the culture container is provided with 1 to 5 layers of wet filter paper;

[0017] The humidity of the initial culture is 50-70%;

[0018] The temperature of the preliminary culture is 23-28°C.

[0019] Preferably, the seedbed comprises a composite matrix, which comprises peat, perlite and decomposed sheep manure, and the volume ratio of the peat, perlite and decomposed sheep manure is 0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2.

[0020] Preferably, the humidity of the film-covered culture is 50-70%;

[0021] The temperature of the film-covered culture is 23-28°C.

[0022] Preferably, the humidity of the seedling hardening culture is 50-70%;

[0023] The temperature of the seedling hardening culture is 10-25°C.

[0024] Preferably, the dilution multiple of the wood vinegar is 200 to 400 times;

[0025] The number of times of spraying the wood vinegar is 2 to 3 times;

[0026] The frequency of spraying the wood vinegar is 5 to 10 days per time.

[0027] Preferably, the soil type of the field is sandy loam, and the pH value of the sandy loam is 6.5-7.0;

[0028] A sunshade net is arranged above the field, and the sunshade net has a shading rate of 60-70%;

[0029] The seedling management includes controlling the humidity to be ≥50%.

[0030] Preferably, the seedling management includes applying compound microbial fertilizer;

[0031] The frequency of applying the composite microbial fertilizer is 5 to 10 days per application;

[0032] The composite microbial fertilizer contains N element, P2O5, K2O and organic matter;

[0033] The content of N element in the composite microbial fertilizer is 2-10%;

[0034] The content of P2O5 in the composite microbial fertilizer is 2-10%;

[0035] The content of K2O in the composite microbial fertilizer is 5-15%;

[0036] The content of organic matter in the composite microbial fertilizer is ≥45%;

[0037] The composite microbial fertilizer also contains Bacillus subtilis and / or Bacillus megaterium;

[0038] The number of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial fertilizer is ≥ 100 billion / g;

[0039] The number of viable bacteria of Bacillus megaterium in the composite microbial fertilizer is ≥ 10 billion / g;

[0040] The composite microbial fertilizer is diluted with water and then applied;

[0041] The dilution multiple of the dilution is 400 to 600 times;

[0042] The composite microbial fertilizer is applied 2 to 3 times.

[0043] Preferably, the konjac seedlings induced by space mutation are obtained by a method comprising the following steps:

[0044] Dehydrating konjac seeds to ensure that the seeds lose 8-12% of their water;

[0045] The dehydrated seeds are packaged so as to be in a vacuum dry state;

[0046] The dry seeds in the vacuum drying state are subjected to low temperature treatment;

[0047] Finally, space mutagenesis treatment is performed to obtain konjac seedlings induced by space mutagenesis;

[0048] The temperature of the low temperature treatment is 4 to 8°C;

[0049] The low temperature treatment time is 5 to 10 days.

[0050] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0051] The method provided by the present invention can significantly improve the germination rate of space-induced konjac seedlings, and at the same time, enable young and rare space-induced konjac seedlings to quickly adapt to the external environment, thereby improving the survival rate of konjac seedlings, so that precious space-induced seeds can be continued and utilized. The present invention provides seed quality assurance for successful mutagenesis through pre-treatment of space-induced konjac seedlings, works together with the above steps, and finally improves the breeding efficiency of space-induced konjac seedlings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The invention provides a method for cultivating konjac seedlings induced by space, which comprises the following steps: soaking the konjac seedlings induced by space, placing the seeds in a culture container after the soaking, and initially culturing them until they sprout; transplanting the sprouted seeds to a seedbed, and carrying out film-covering culture for 7 to 12 days; removing the film, and carrying out seedling hardening culture for 10 to 25 days, during which wood vinegar is sprayed on the seedlings; and transplanting the seedlings to a field after the seedling hardening culture is completed, and then carrying out seedling management to obtain konjac plants.

[0053] In the present invention, the konjac seedlings induced by space are preferably obtained by a method comprising the following steps: dehydrating the konjac seedlings to ensure that the seeds lose 8-12% of water, more preferably 9-11% of water; packaging the dehydrated seeds to place them in a low-temperature vacuum drying state; subjecting the treated seeds to space mutagenesis to obtain konjac seedlings induced by space; the konjac seedlings are preferably taken out of konjac fruits, the peel and pulp are washed off, and then plump seeds are selected and placed on filter paper to absorb water, and placed in a cool place for standby use; the dehydration treatment is preferably carried out by natural airing or low-temperature baking, the natural airing time is preferably 1-3 days, and the high-temperature drying is preferably carried out at 35 The seeds are preferably packaged in an aluminum foil bag, and silicon dioxide is preferably further loaded into the aluminum foil bag to be in a vacuum dried state. The packaged seeds are preferably placed in a dryer containing silicon dioxide. In the present invention, the dry seeds in the vacuum dried state are preferably subjected to a low temperature treatment, and the dryer is further preferably subjected to a low temperature treatment together with the seeds. The temperature of the low temperature treatment is preferably 4 to 8 ° C, and more preferably 5 to 7 ° C. The time of the low temperature treatment is preferably 5 to 10 days, and more preferably 7 to 9 days. After the low temperature treatment, a space mutagenesis treatment is performed to obtain the konjac seedlings after space mutagenesis.

[0054] In the present invention, the konjac seedlings induced by space are soaked, and the soaking treatment is preferably carried out with a thiourea aqueous solution or a GA solution, the mass concentration of the thiourea aqueous solution is preferably 0.5-1.5%, and more preferably 0.8-1.2%; the concentration of the GA solution is preferably 2-7 mg / L, and more preferably 4-6 mg / L; the amount of the thiourea aqueous solution or the GA solution is preferably enough to just immerse the seeds, the soaking time is preferably 12-48 h, and more preferably 15-30 h, and after the soaking treatment, the seeds are preferably taken out and dried in the shade.

[0055] In the present invention, after the seed soaking treatment, the seeds are placed in a culture container and initially cultured until germination. The culture container is preferably a culture dish. The culture container is preferably provided with 1 to 5 layers of wet filter paper to keep the seeds moist. The wet filter paper is preferably obtained by spraying the filter paper with sterile water. After the seeds are placed in the culture dish, the dish cover is preferably put on, and the culture dish is placed in an incubator for initial culture. The humidity of the initial culture is preferably 50 to 70%, more preferably 55 to 65%, the temperature of the initial culture is preferably 23 to 28°C, more preferably 24 to 26°C, and the time for culture until germination is generally 15 to 30 days.

[0056] In the present invention, the seeds after germination are transplanted to a seedling bed and cultured for 7 to 12 days. The film can be conventional agricultural film. The seedling bed preferably contains a composite matrix, which preferably includes peat, perlite and decomposed sheep manure. The volume ratio of the peat, perlite and decomposed sheep manure is preferably 0.8 to 1.2:0.8 to 1.2:0.8 to 1.2, and more preferably 0.9 to 1.1:0.9 to 1.1:0.9 to 1.1. The film culture time is preferably 8 to 10 days. The seedlings at the end of the film culture are preferably in a state of unfolded leaves. The humidity of the film culture is preferably 50 to 70%, and more preferably 55 to 65%. The temperature of the film culture is preferably 23 to 28°C, and more preferably 24 to 26°C.

[0057] In the present invention, after the film culture is completed, the film is removed, and the seedlings are hardened for 10 to 25 days, during which the seedlings are sprayed with wood vinegar. The hardening culture preferably refers to ventilation culture under natural light indoors, the humidity of the hardening culture is preferably 50 to 70%, more preferably 55 to 65%, the temperature of the hardening culture is preferably 10 to 25° C., more preferably 15 to 20° C., the dilution factor of the wood vinegar is preferably 200 to 400 times, more preferably 250 to 350 times, the number of times the wood vinegar is sprayed is 2 to 3 times, the frequency of spraying the wood vinegar is 5 to 10 days / time, more preferably 6 to 8 days / time, and the spraying dosage of the wood vinegar is preferably such that the leaf surface is covered with fine water droplets without dripping.

[0058] In the present invention, after the hardening and culturing, the seedlings are transplanted to the field and then the seedling management is carried out to obtain konjac plants; the soil type of the field is preferably sandy loam, and the pH value of the sandy loam is preferably 6.5-7.0; a sunshade net is preferably arranged above the field, and the shading rate of the sunshade net is preferably 60-70%, and more preferably 63-67%; the seedling management preferably includes controlling the humidity ≥50%, and more preferably 60-70%; the seedling management preferably includes applying composite microbial fertilizer, and the application frequency of the composite microbial fertilizer is preferably 5-10d / time, and more preferably 7-9d / time; the number of applications of the composite microbial fertilizer is 2-3 times; the composite microbial fertilizer preferably contains N element, P2O5, K2O and organic matter, and the content of N element in the composite microbial fertilizer is 2-10%, and more preferably 4-6%; the content of P2O5 in the composite microbial fertilizer is 2-10%, and more preferably 4-6%; The content of K2O in the composite microbial fertilizer is 5-15%, more preferably 8-12%; the content of organic matter in the composite microbial fertilizer is ≥45%, more preferably ≥45%; the composite microbial fertilizer further contains Bacillus subtilis and / or Bacillus megaterium, the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial fertilizer is ≥100 billion / g, more preferably ≥120 billion / g, when the composite microbial fertilizer is liquid, the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis is ≥100 billion / g, more preferably ≥120 billion / g, 0 billion / mL, more preferably ≥120 billion / mL; the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus megaterium in the composite microbial fertilizer is ≥10 billion / g, more preferably ≥12 billion / g; when the composite microbial fertilizer is liquid, the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus megaterium is ≥10 billion / mL, more preferably ≥12 billion / mL; the composite microbial fertilizer is preferably diluted with water before application, and the dilution multiple is 400 to 600 times, more preferably 450 to 550 times.

[0059] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] On April 18, 2019, white konjac flowers were selected in the field, the stamens were cut off, and the pollen was preserved. On May 24, 2019, after the konjac flowers bloomed, the stamens were cut off, and the preserved white konjac pollen was smeared. After pollination was completed, the fruits were bagged. On August 8, 2019, the hybrid fruits were harvested, and the seedlings were mature when the berries turned completely orange-red.

[0062] Use tweezers to carefully remove the plump and evenly shaped seeds from the konjac fruit, gently wash off the peel and pulp one by one, then select the plump seeds and place them on a 15 cm filter paper to absorb moisture, and place them in a cool place for later use.

[0063] Choose a sunny day and place the selected seeds in the sun for 2 days to make the seeds lose 9% of water. Then put the dehydrated seeds into a 9cm*12cm aluminum foil bag, add 5g of silica, and vacuum seal it to ensure that the seeds are in a vacuum-dried state. Attach corresponding labels and then place them in a desiccator filled with silica. Then move them together with the desiccator to a 4°C refrigerator and store them for 7 days.

[0064] On September 10, 2019, the pre-treated konjac seedlings were sent to a third-party aerospace breeding technology promotion company, which contacted the aerospace agency to carry the konjac seedlings on a spacecraft into space for mutagenesis.

[0065] On December 29, 2019, the konjac seeds that had received space mutagenesis were soaked in a 1% thiourea solution until the soaking solution just covered the seeds. After soaking for 24 hours, the seeds were taken out and dried in the shade.

[0066] On January 10, 2020, three layers of filter paper were laid on a 20 cm culture dish, sprayed with sterile water, and the soaked space-induced konjac seeds were placed in the culture dish and covered with a lid. The culture dish with seeds was placed in an incubator at 25°C and RH55% for 30 days, and the germination rate was observed and counted every 3 to 5 days. On February 9, 2020, the space-induced konjac seeds no longer sprouted.

[0067] On February 10, 2020, the germinated konjac seeds were transferred to a 36-hole plug tray. The plug tray matrix formula was: peat, perlite, and decomposed sheep manure (by volume) = 1:1:1. After sowing, the seedbed was watered thoroughly and immediately covered with white film and cultured at 25°C for 10 days.

[0068] On February 20, 2020, the konjac seedlings began to unfold their leaves, uncovered the white film, and were ventilated and cultivated indoors under natural light for 15 days. The indoor temperature was controlled at 10-25°C and the RH was 50-70%. The seedlings were sprayed with 300 times wood vinegar every 7 days, with the amount being such that the leaves were covered with tiny water droplets without dripping, and sprayed three times. The seed germination rate was investigated on March 6, 2020.

[0069] On March 16, 2020, the konjac seedlings after hardening were transplanted with soil into sandy loam with loose soil, good ventilation, and rich in organic matter. The pH value was 6.8. The soil moisture was good during transplanting. After transplanting, the seedlings were watered thoroughly. At the same time, a shade net with a shading rate of 65% was built above the transplanting site.

[0070] During the growth period of konjac seedlings, sufficient water and fertilizer are guaranteed, watering is carried out regularly to ensure that the humidity of the seedbed is 50-70%, and composite microbial fertilizer (N 6%, P2O55%, K2O 8%, organic matter ≥48%, Bacillus subtilis viable bacteria ≥100 billion / mL, Bacillus megaterium viable bacteria ≥10 billion / mL) is sprayed once a week. Take 50 ml of composite microbial fertilizer diluted 500 times with water, and spray it evenly on the konjac leaves in an amount such that the leaf surface is covered with fine water droplets without dripping. Spray it continuously for 3 times to obtain a healthy konjac plant.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] On May 10, 2019, "Anmo 128" flowers were selected in the field, the stamens were cut off, and the pollen was preserved. On May 28, 2019, after the konjac bloomed, the stamens were cut off, and the preserved Anmo 128 pollen was applied. After pollination, the flowers were bagged. On August 16, 2019, the hybrid fruits were harvested. When the berries turned completely orange-red, the seedlings reached maturity.

[0073] Use tweezers to carefully remove the plump and evenly shaped seeds from the konjac fruit, gently wash off the peel and pulp one by one, then select the plump seeds and place them on 15 cm filter paper to absorb moisture, and place them in a cool place.

[0074] The selected seeds were placed in a 38°C oven and taken out after 72 hours to ensure that the seeds lost 8-12% of their water content. The dehydrated seeds were then placed in a 9cm*12cm aluminum foil bag, 5g of silica was added, and vacuum-sealed, labeled accordingly, and then placed in a desiccator filled with silica, and then moved to a 4°C refrigerator together with the desiccator for 7 days.

[0075] On September 10, 2019, the pre-treated konjac seedlings were sent to a third-party aerospace breeding technology promotion company, which contacted the aerospace agency to carry the konjac seedlings on a spacecraft into space for mutagenesis.

[0076] On December 29, 2019, the konjac seeds that had undergone space mutagenesis were obtained and soaked in a 5 mg / L GA solution. The amount of soaking solution was just enough to submerge the seeds. After soaking for 24 hours, the seeds were taken out and dried in the shade.

[0077] On January 10, 2020, three layers of filter paper were laid on a 20 cm culture dish, sprayed with sterile water, and the soaked space-induced konjac seeds were placed in the culture dish and covered with a lid. The culture dish with seeds was placed in an incubator at 25°C and RH60% for 35 days, and the germination rate was observed and counted every 3 to 5 days. On February 14, 2020, the space-induced konjac seeds no longer sprouted.

[0078] On February 15, 2020, the sprouted konjac seeds were transferred to a 36-hole tray. After sowing, the seedbed was irrigated thoroughly and immediately covered with white film and cultured at 25°C for 10 days.

[0079] On February 25, 2020, the konjac seedlings began to unfold their leaves, uncovered the white film, and were ventilated and cultivated indoors under natural light for 16 days. The indoor temperature was controlled at 10-25°C and the RH was 50-70%. The seedlings were sprayed with 300 times of wood vinegar every 7 days, with the amount being such that the leaves were covered with tiny water droplets without dripping. The spraying was done twice, and the seed germination rate was investigated on March 11, 2020.

[0080] On March 16, 2020, the konjac seedlings were transplanted with soil after hardening to sandy loam with loose soil, good ventilation, and rich in organic matter. The pH value was 7.0. The soil moisture was good during transplanting. After transplanting, the seedlings were watered thoroughly. At the same time, a shade net with a shading rate of 70% was built above the transplanting plot.

[0081] During the growth period of konjac seedlings, sufficient water and fertilizer are guaranteed, watering is carried out regularly to ensure that the humidity of the seedbed is 50-70%, and composite microbial fertilizer (N 6%, P2O55%, K2O 8%, organic matter ≥48%, Bacillus subtilis viable bacteria ≥100 billion / mL, Bacillus megaterium viable bacteria ≥10 billion / mL) is sprayed once a week. Take 50 ml of composite microbial fertilizer diluted 500 times with water, and spray it evenly on the konjac leaves in an amount such that the leaf surface is covered with fine water droplets without dripping. Spray it continuously for 3 times to obtain a healthy konjac plant.

[0082] Example 3

[0083] On April 18, 2019, white konjac flowers were selected in the field, the stamens were cut off, and the pollen was preserved. On May 24, 2019, after the konjac flowers bloomed, the stamens were cut off, and the preserved white konjac pollen was smeared. After pollination was completed, the fruits were bagged. On August 8, 2019, the hybrid fruits were harvested, and the seedlings were mature when the berries turned completely orange-red.

[0084] Use tweezers to carefully remove the plump and evenly shaped seeds from the konjac fruit, gently wash off the peel and pulp one by one, then select the plump seeds and place them on a 15 cm filter paper to absorb moisture, and place them in a cool place for later use.

[0085] Choose a sunny day and place the selected seeds in the sun for 2 days to make the seeds lose 9% of water. Then put the dehydrated seeds into a 9cm*12cm aluminum foil bag, add 5g of silica, and vacuum seal it to ensure that the seeds are in a vacuum-dried state. Attach corresponding labels and place them in a desiccator filled with silica. Then move them together with the desiccator to a 4°C refrigerator and store them for 10 days.

[0086] On September 10, 2019, the pre-treated konjac seedlings were sent to a third-party aerospace breeding technology promotion company, which contacted the aerospace agency to carry the konjac seedlings on a spacecraft into space for mutagenesis.

[0087] On December 29, 2019, the konjac seeds that had received space mutagenesis were soaked in a 1% thiourea solution until the soaking solution just covered the seeds. After soaking for 48 hours, the seeds were taken out and dried in the shade.

[0088] On January 10, 2020, three layers of filter paper were laid on a 20 cm petri dish, sprayed with sterile water, and the soaked space-induced konjac seeds were placed in the petri dish and covered with a lid. The petri dish with seeds was placed in an incubator at 26°C and RH60% for 30 days, and the germination rate was observed and counted every 3 to 5 days. On February 9, 2020, the space-induced konjac seeds no longer sprouted.

[0089] On February 10, 2020, the germinated konjac seeds were transferred to a 36-hole plug tray. The plug tray matrix formula was: peat, perlite, and decomposed sheep manure (by volume) = 1:1.1:0.8. After sowing, the seedbed was watered thoroughly and immediately covered with white film and cultured at 25°C for 11 days.

[0090] On February 20, 2020, the konjac seedlings began to unfold their leaves, uncovered the white film, and were ventilated and cultivated indoors under natural light for 15 days. The indoor temperature was controlled at 10-25°C and the RH was 50-70%. The seedlings were sprayed with 400 times wood vinegar every 7 days, with the amount being such that the leaves were covered with tiny water droplets without dripping, and sprayed three times. The seed germination rate was investigated on March 6, 2020.

[0091] On March 16, 2020, the konjac seedlings after hardening were transplanted with soil into sandy loam with loose soil, good ventilation, and rich in organic matter. The pH value was 6.5. The soil moisture was good during transplanting. After transplanting, the seedlings were watered thoroughly. At the same time, a shade net with a shading rate of 60% was built above the transplanting site.

[0092] During the growth period of konjac seedlings, sufficient water and fertilizer are guaranteed, watering is carried out regularly to ensure that the humidity of the seedbed is 50-70%, and composite microbial fertilizer (N 6%, P2O55%, K2O 8%, organic matter ≥48%, Bacillus subtilis viable bacteria ≥120 billion / mL, Bacillus megaterium viable bacteria ≥15 billion / mL) is sprayed once a week. Take 50 ml of composite microbial fertilizer diluted 500 times with water, and spray it evenly on the konjac leaves in an amount such that the leaf surface is covered with fine water droplets without dripping. Spray it continuously for 3 times to obtain a healthy konjac plant.

[0093] Comparative Example 1

[0094] The only difference from Example 1 is that the harvested konjac seedlings are dried and dehydrated, stored in a storage room at 10-20° C., and then mailed to the Aerospace Breeding Technology Promotion Company.

[0095] Comparative Example 2

[0096] The only difference from Example 1 is that the induced konjac seedlings are soaked in clean water, with the amount of water just enough to submerge the seeds, kept still at room temperature, the water is changed 1 to 2 times a day, taken out after soaking for 48 to 72 hours, and dried in the shade.

[0097] Comparative Example 3

[0098] The only difference from Example 1 is that the induced konjac seeds are soaked in a 100 mg / L 6-BA (6-benzylaminopurine) solution until the seeds are just submerged in the soaking solution, and the seeds are taken out after soaking for 24 hours and dried in the shade.

[0099] Comparative Example 4

[0100] The only difference from Example 1 is that the culture dish with the seeds is placed in an incubator at 20° C. and RH 40% for 35 days.

[0101] Comparative Example 5

[0102] The only difference from Example 1 is that the plug tray substrate formula is peat: vermiculite:perlite (by volume)=6:1:3.

[0103] Comparative Example 6

[0104] The only difference from Example 1 is that wood vinegar is not applied to the seedlings during hardening, and the seedlings are sprayed with 1000 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder every 7d, in an amount such that the leaves are covered with fine water droplets without dripping, and sprayed 3 times.

[0105] Experimental Example 1: Seed Quality Survey

[0106] The konjak seed quality situation after embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 mutagenesis and final germination rate are investigated and counted respectively, with the konjak seed after the mutagenesis among comparative example 1-5 as contrast, the result is as shown in table 1 below:

[0107] Table 1 Quality of konjac seed after mutation under different treatment methods

[0108]

[0109] As shown in Table 1, the seedlings sent to space for mutagenesis all experienced different degrees of water loss after returning, and the embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 provided by the present invention can significantly reduce the degree of water loss of seedlings compared with the seed treatment method in comparative examples 1 to 5. At the same time, the single-grain weight of the konjac seedlings returned after the treatment of the present invention is significantly higher than that of the seedlings of comparative examples 1 to 5, indicating that the treatment method provided by the present invention can effectively ensure the quality of konjac seedlings. The germination rate of the konjac seedlings induced by the treatment of the present invention is as high as 81.08% to 82.05%, while the germination rate of the konjac induced seedlings obtained in comparative examples 1 to 5 is 58.54% to 76.19%. It is shown that the method provided by the present invention can significantly improve the germination rate of konjac induced seedlings.

[0110] Experimental Example 2: Investigation of Seed Emergence

[0111] The konjac seedling emergence situation after embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 mutagenesis is investigated respectively, and the result is as shown in table 2 below:

[0112] Table 2 Changes over time in the emergence of konjac induced seedlings of the present invention

[0113] time February 20 February 25 March 1 March 6 March 11 Example 1 48.65％ 54.05％ 67.57％ 75.68％ 70.27％ time February 25 March 1 March 6 March 11 March 16 Example 2 51.28％ 58.97％ 71.79％ 79.49％ 76.92％

[0114] As shown in Table 2, as time goes by, the emergence rate of the space-induced konjac seedlings of the present invention shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Example 1 reaches a peak value of 75.68% on March 6; Example 2 reaches a peak value of 79.49% on March 11. The reason why the emergence rate slightly decreases after the peak value is that the newly grown seedlings are not adapted to the seedling hardening environment and a natural elimination phenomenon is produced.

[0115] Experimental Example 3: Investigation of seed survival

[0116] The final emergence rate, survival rate, growth period and the morbidity rate of the konjak seed after the mutagenesis of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 are investigated respectively, and the konjak seed after the mutagenesis among comparative example 1-6 is used as contrast, and the result is as shown in table 3 below:

[0117] Table 3 Comparison of germination rate, survival rate, growth period and incidence rate of konjac seeds under different treatments

[0118]

[0119]

[0120] As shown in Table 3, the final emergence rate of the induced seedlings under the treatment of Example 1 of the present invention reached 75.68%, and the survival rate of the seedlings reached 70.27%, which were both higher than those of Comparative Examples 1-6, and no morbidity was produced at the same time, which was significantly better than the results of Comparative Examples 1-6. The emergence time of Example 1 was 16 to 37 days earlier than that of Comparative Examples 1-6, and the seedling falling time was 8 to 26 days earlier than that of Comparative Examples 1-6. The seedling falling time of Example 1 was August 29, and the konjac completed the rapid expansion of the corm before the end of July, effectively avoiding the high temperature during the growth period, which was more beneficial to ensuring the yield.

[0121] The final emergence rate of the mutagenic seedlings under embodiment 2 processing reaches 79.49%, and the seedling survival rate reaches 76.92%, which is significantly higher than comparative example 1-6, and the incidence rate is 3.33% simultaneously, which is lower than comparative example 1-6. The emergence time of embodiment 2 is 9~30d ahead of schedule compared with comparative example 1-6, and the seedling fall time is 6~24d ahead of schedule compared with comparative example 1-6. The seedling fall time of embodiment 2 is August 31, and konjaku has completed the rapid expansion of corm before the end of July equally, effectively avoiding the high temperature in the growth period, and is more beneficial to guaranteeing output. As can be seen from the table, the condition effect adopted by the present invention is significantly better than the comparative example seed breeding method, effectively preserves and continues the precious space mutagenic konjaku seedlings, and has industrial promotion significance.

[0122] It can be seen from the table that the conditions used in the present invention are significantly better than the seed breeding method of the comparative example, and the precious space-induced konjac seedlings are effectively preserved and continued, which has industrial promotion significance.

[0123] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating space-induced konjac seedlings, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The konjac seeds induced by space are soaked, and after the soaking, the seeds are placed in a culture container and initially cultured until germination; Transplant the germinated seeds to the seedbed and culture them under film covering for 7 to 12 days; Remove the film and carry out 10-25 days of seedling hardening culture, during which time the seedlings are sprayed with wood vinegar; After the hardening and culturing, the seedlings are transplanted to fields and then managed during the seedling stage to obtain konjac plants; The seedbed comprises a composite matrix, wherein the composite matrix comprises peat, perlite and decomposed sheep manure, and the volume ratio of the peat, perlite and decomposed sheep manure is 0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2; The konjac seedlings induced by space are obtained by a method comprising the following steps: Dehydrating konjac seeds to ensure that the seeds lose 8-12% of their water; The dried seeds are packaged so as to be in a vacuum-dried state; The dry seeds in the vacuum drying state are subjected to low temperature treatment; Finally, space mutagenesis treatment is performed to obtain konjac seedlings induced by space mutagenesis; The temperature of the low temperature treatment is 4 to 8°C; The low temperature treatment time is 5 to 10 days.

2. the breeding method of space induced konjac seed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The seed soaking treatment adopts thiourea aqueous solution or GA solution; The mass concentration of the thiourea aqueous solution is 0.5-1.5%; The concentration of the GA solution is 2-7 mg / L; The seed soaking treatment lasts for 12 to 48 hours.

3. the breeding method of space induced konjac seed according to claim 2, is characterized in that, The culture container is provided with 1 to 5 layers of wet filter paper; The humidity of the initial culture is 50-70%; The temperature of the preliminary culture is 23-28°C.

4. the breeding method of space induced konjaku seed according to claim 3, is characterized in that, The humidity of the film-covered culture is 50-70%; The temperature of the film-covered culture is 23-28°C.

5. the breeding method of space-induced konjac seed according to claim 4 is characterized in that, The humidity of the seedling hardening culture is 50-70%; The temperature of the seedling hardening culture is 10-25°C.

6. the breeding method of space-induced konjac seed according to claim 5 is characterized in that, The dilution multiple of the wood vinegar is 200 to 400 times; The number of times of spraying the wood vinegar is 2 to 3 times; The frequency of spraying the wood vinegar is 5 to 10 days per time.

7. the breeding method of space-induced konjac seed according to claim 6 is characterized in that, The soil type of the field is sandy loam, and the pH value of the sandy loam is 6.5-7.0; A sunshade net is arranged above the field, and the sunshade net has a shading rate of 60-70%; The seedling management includes controlling the humidity to be ≥50%.

8. the breeding method of space-induced konjac seed according to claim 7 is characterized in that, The seedling management includes applying compound microbial fertilizer; The frequency of applying the composite microbial fertilizer is 5 to 10 days per time; The composite microbial fertilizer contains N element, P2O5, K2O and organic matter; The content of N element in the composite microbial fertilizer is 2-10%; The content of P2O5 in the composite microbial fertilizer is 2-10%; The content of K2O in the composite microbial fertilizer is 5-15%; The content of organic matter in the composite microbial fertilizer is ≥45%; The composite microbial fertilizer also contains Bacillus subtilis and / or Bacillus megaterium; The number of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial fertilizer is ≥ 100 billion / g; The number of viable bacteria of Bacillus megaterium in the composite microbial fertilizer is ≥ 10 billion / g; The composite microbial fertilizer is diluted with water and then applied; The dilution multiple of the dilution is 400 to 600 times; The composite microbial fertilizer is applied 2 to 3 times.

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