A surface discharge de-icing method and device based on dielectric gap plasma heating

Abstract

A surface discharge anti-icing method and device based on dielectric gap plasma heating. It includes a plasma power supply system and a surface discharge device; the plasma power supply system can be a pulse power supply or an alternating current power supply; the surface discharge device includes an insulating dielectric layer, a high-voltage electrode and a grounding electrode. The invention aims to solve the problem of "dumb fire" when the plasma anti-icing of wind turbine and aircraft icing occurs, the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are respectively installed in the insulating dielectric layer, the inside of the dielectric layer on the side of the high-voltage electrode is provided with a gas gap, a pulse or alternating voltage is applied to generate discharge plasma on the inside of the dielectric gap and the surface of the dielectric on the side of the high-voltage electrode, when the surface of the exciter is covered with clear ice, the plasma heating effect generated by the discharge of the dielectric gap on the side of the high-voltage electrode melts the ice on the surface of the dielectric, preventing the discharge "dumb fire" phenomenon after the exciter is iced. The method and device proposed by the invention can realize fast and efficient anti-icing of wind turbine and aircraft in low temperature and humid environment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of application of discharge plasma in low-temperature and humid environment to prevent and remove icing on the surface of wind turbines and aircrafts, and relates to a surface discharge deicing method and device based on dielectric internal air gap plasma heating, which prevents the "dumb fire" phenomenon of the exciter when it is attached to clear ice by using the thermal effect of dielectric internal air gap discharge plasma, and quickly and efficiently prevents and removes icing. BACKGROUND

[0002] Wind turbines and aircrafts are prone to surface icing problems when operating in low-temperature and humid environments, which significantly affects the normal operation of the equipment and even causes harm to personal and property safety. At present, a series of traditional deicing methods have also been developed, such as electric heating method, gas heating method, mechanical method, and material coating method. However, these methods have certain problems, such as high energy consumption of electric heating method and gas heating method; mechanical method is easy to damage the surface of the equipment; and the deicing effect of material coating method is unstable. Therefore, a quick and efficient deicing method needs to be researched and developed.

[0003] Comparative document 1 (Flow control and anti-icing dual-function plasma generating device and generating method, Liang Hua et al., Invention patent, Application publication number: CN 114340123 A) discloses a method capable of freely switching between flow control and anti-icing functions. Document 2 (Device and method for wing anti-icing using radio frequency discharge plasma excitation, Song Huimin et al., Invention patent, Application publication number: CN 108545197 A) discloses a discharge plasma anti-icing method driven by a radio frequency power supply. Document 3 (A net-shaped plasma heat knife, Liang Hua et al., Invention patent, Application publication number: CN 109552644 A) discloses a net-shaped plasma heat knife that generates a thermal effect to prevent icing under the action of voltage. Document 4 (Plasma-based icing sensing and anti-icing integrated device and method of use, Wu Yun et al., Invention patent, Application publication number: CN 109573055) discloses an integrated icing sensing and anti-icing method. Document 5 (Plasma heat knife and hydrophobic material composite ice removal device and application, Zheng Bo-ru et al., Invention patent, Application publication number: CN 113148183 A) discloses an ice removal device combining plasma discharge and hydrophobic materials. Document 6 (A three-electrode pulse surface flashover discharge plasma anti-icing device, Li Jie et al., Invention patent, Application publication number: CN 108718477 A) discloses a three-electrode structure for an anti-icing device. Document 7 (System and method for applying sliding discharge plasma for anti-icing, Zheng Bo-ru et al., Invention patent, Application publication number: CN 108482683 A) discloses a method for generating rapid heating to prevent icing using large-scale sliding discharge plasma. Document 8 (Plasma control device and method for wind turbine blades, Shao Tao et al., Invention patent, Patent number: ) discloses a device for flow control and anti-icing. Document 9 (Synthetic jet exciter for dehumidification / frost / ice and application, Luo Zhen-bing et al., Invention patent, Patent number: ) discloses a synthetic jet plasma that generates impact, acceleration, and heating to suppress flow separation and prevent icing.

[0004] The above series of discharge plasma-related anti-icing methods do not consider the situation when the exciter is covered with clear ice. Because clear ice adheres to the surface, the exciter surface lacks gas gaps, and the ice shows dielectric properties, resulting in the exciter being unable to effectively generate plasma, i.e., the discharge "dead fire" phenomenon occurs, and the thermal effect cannot be induced in time to remove the ice. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a plasma generating device that can prevent the discharge "dead fire" phenomenon when clear ice adheres to the surface of the plasma exciter. SUMMARY

[0005] This invention, starting from the discharge structure, aims to address the "misfire" problem caused by ice buildup on plasma actuators. It proposes a surface discharge anti-icing method and device based on plasma heating within a medium air gap. By artificially creating a local air gap, when the actuator surface is covered with ice, the local air gap can still function to generate plasma, inducing rapid heating and melting the ice buildup on the actuator surface. This creates an air gap, providing a favorable gas environment for discharge, thereby quickly and efficiently removing the ice buildup.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A surface discharge anti-icing and de-icing device based on gas gap plasma heating within a dielectric material is disclosed. This surface discharge anti-icing and de-icing device is a surface discharge plasma device, comprising a plasma power supply system and a surface discharge device. The plasma power supply system can be a pulse power supply or an AC power supply. The surface discharge device includes an insulating dielectric layer, a high-voltage electrode, and a grounding electrode. The high-voltage electrode is connected to the output terminal of the power supply system, and a voltage is applied to induce the discharge plasma to generate a thermal effect for anti-icing and de-icing.

[0008] The surface discharge anti-icing device described above can be a coplanar discharge where both the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are embedded inside the dielectric (e.g., Figure 1 It can also be a double-sided discharge structure with the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode on opposite sides of the dielectric layer (e.g., Figure 2 ).

[0009] The high-voltage electrode and grounding electrode are both embedded in the dielectric for coplanar discharge. Specifically, the high-voltage electrode and grounding electrode are arranged at certain intervals inside an insulating dielectric layer, and a certain size air gap is set inside the dielectric on the side of the high-voltage electrode. The high-voltage electrode is connected to the power output terminal through a wire, and the grounding electrode is connected to the ground wire through a wire. A voltage is applied to the high-voltage electrode, causing discharge plasma to be generated on the surface of the insulating dielectric and in the air gap inside the dielectric on the side of the high-voltage electrode. The air gap can be encapsulated or in contact with the external environment. When encapsulated, different types of gases can be filled into the air gap to facilitate the generation of plasma heating effect. The size of the discharge area is increased by increasing the number of high-voltage electrodes and grounding electrodes at certain intervals inside the dielectric.

[0010] The double-sided discharge structure of the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode on the two sides of the dielectric layer is as follows: a single or multiple high-voltage electrodes are arranged on one side surface of an insulating dielectric layer, and a grounding electrode is arranged on the other side surface of the dielectric layer, and the edge of the high-voltage electrode and the edge of the grounding electrode can coincide at a certain distance, can be directly aligned, or can be separated by a certain distance, at this time, the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are both outside the dielectric layer; the high-voltage electrode is connected with the output end of the power supply through a wire, and the grounding electrode is connected with the ground wire through a wire; the surface discharge plasma can be generated on the dielectric surface on the side of the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode by applying voltage; and the size of the discharge area can be increased by increasing the number of high-voltage electrodes and grounding electrodes on the two sides of the dielectric layer at a certain distance.

[0011] Further, the coplanar discharge of the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode built-in the dielectric: the dielectric layer is composed of insulating materials; the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are composed of metal materials, and the shape can be round bar type or strip shape; the thickness of the dielectric layer ranges from 0.5 to 50 mm; the diameter of the round bar type high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode ranges from 0.1 to 30 mm, the width of the strip type high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode ranges from 0.1 to 30 mm, and the thickness ranges from 0.1 to 30 mm; the distance between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode ranges from 0.1 to 30 mm; the air gap width of the high-voltage electrode ranges from 0.1 to 30 mm, and the thickness ranges from 0.1 to 30 mm; the length and width of the dielectric plate can be selected according to different sizes, and the length of the metal electrode ranges from 0.1 to 30 mm.

[0012] Further, the double-sided discharge structure of the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode on the two sides of the dielectric layer: the dielectric layer is composed of insulating materials, the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are composed of metal materials, and the shape can be round bar type or strip shape; the thickness of the dielectric layer ranges from 0.1 to 50 mm; the diameter of the round bar type high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode ranges from 0.1 to 30 mm, the width of the strip type high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode ranges from 0.1 to 30 mm, and the thickness ranges from 0.1 to 30 mm; the edge of the high-voltage electrode and the edge of the grounding electrode can coincide at a certain distance, at this time, the distance ranges from -30 to 0 mm, the edge of the high-voltage electrode and the edge of the grounding electrode can be directly aligned (the distance is 0 mm), and the edge of the high-voltage electrode and the edge of the grounding electrode can be separated by 0-30 mm; the length and width of the dielectric plate can be selected according to different sizes, and the length of the metal electrode ranges from 0.1 to 30 mm.

[0013] Further, the power supply system includes a pulse power supply and an alternating current power supply, and the related parameters of the voltage can be changed according to the operation condition and the deicing requirement.

[0014] Further, the plasma exciter is laid on the surface according to the icing condition of the wind turbine and the aircraft, and the deicing is realized by using the thermal effect of the discharge plasma.

[0015] The use process of the application is as follows:

[0016] A surface discharge anti-icing method based on dielectric gap plasma heating, comprising the following steps:

[0017] First, build a surface discharge anti-icing device

[0018] Select an insulating dielectric material, cut the metal electrode to the desired size, and attach it to the surface on both sides of the insulating dielectric as a high-voltage electrode and a ground electrode, thereby forming a double-sided surface discharge anti-icing device; the insulating dielectric material is a polyimide film or other insulating material, and the metal electrode is an electrically conductive metal such as aluminum foil or copper foil.

[0019] Second, install the surface discharge anti-icing device

[0020] Cover the built surface discharge anti-icing device on the surface of the wind turbine blade and aircraft wing, apply a pulse voltage on the high-voltage electrode through the wire, induce the formation of discharge plasma on the high-voltage electrode side and the ground electrode side of the dielectric surface, and thus produce the corresponding thermal effect to prevent icing

[0021] In the above-mentioned surface discharge anti-icing system based on dielectric gap plasma heating, when the high-voltage electrode is covered with clear ice in an external low-temperature and humid environment, the discharge on the high-voltage electrode side cannot be effectively realized due to the small air gap inside the clear ice and the dielectric properties of the clear ice, resulting in a discharge "dumb fire" phenomenon and the inability to timely remove the surface ice. At this time, the discharge plasma is generated on the dielectric surface of the ground electrode to form a heating effect, which is then conducted through the insulating dielectric to the high-voltage electrode side, and then the clear ice attached to the surface is melted to form an air gap, providing a favorable environment for the generation of discharge plasma on the high-voltage electrode side, thereby effectively preventing icing.

[0022] The present application has the following advantages: the present application addresses the icing problem of wind turbines and aircraft operating in low-temperature and humid environments, utilizes local discharge plasma to generate a heating effect, quickly removes the ice on the exciter surface, prevents the discharge "dumb fire" phenomenon of the exciter icing, and achieves the purpose of quickly and efficiently removing the ice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a coplanar discharge device schematic diagram in which the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode are both built into the dielectric.

[0024] Figure 2 is a double-sided discharge structure schematic diagram in which the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode are respectively on the surfaces of the two sides of the dielectric layer.

[0025] In the figure: 1 pulse power supply; 2 wire; 3 high-voltage electrode; 4 dielectric gap; 5 insulating dielectric; 6 ground electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The application will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A surface discharge anti-icing device is installed on the surface of the leading edge of the blade of a wind turbine which is prone to icing, and the heat generated by the discharge is used to prevent icing on the surface of the blade of the wind turbine. The following is an embodiment of a surface discharge anti-icing method and device based on plasma heating in a gas gap in a dielectric, as shown in Figure 1 The coplanar discharge with both the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode built inside the dielectric is arranged in an insulating dielectric polyimide 5 (100 mm long, 100 mm wide and 2 mm thick), and the corresponding high-voltage electrode 3 (80 mm long, 10 mm wide and 0.1 mm thick) and the grounding electrode 6 (80 mm long, 10 mm wide and 0.1 mm thick) are arranged inside the dielectric, a local gas gap 4 (80 mm long, 1 mm wide and 0.1 mm thick) is set on the side of the high-voltage electrode, the edge of the high-voltage electrode and the edge of the grounding electrode are 5 mm apart, two high-voltage electrodes and two grounding electrodes are arranged according to the required size, and the same size of the gas gap in the dielectric is set on both sides of the high-voltage electrode between the two grounding electrodes for generating local heating, and the two high-voltage electrodes are connected to the output end of the pulse power supply 1 through the wire 2, and the two grounding electrodes are connected to the ground wire through the wire 2.

[0029] The coplanar discharge with both the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode built inside the dielectric is arranged at the part of the wind turbine blade which is prone to icing, a 20 kV pulse voltage is applied to form discharge plasma in the gas gap 4 in the dielectric and the surface area of the dielectric, so as to utilize the heat generated by the plasma to prevent icing; and when clear ice is attached to the surface of the discharge device, the high-voltage electrode side cannot effectively generate plasma due to the lack of gas gap conditions, but the discharge plasma generated by the gas gap in the dielectric can also generate corresponding plasma heat effect to melt the ice on the surface of the dielectric to form a gas gap environment, prevent the occurrence of "dead fire" phenomenon, and further induce the generation of surface discharge of the dielectric, so that the plasma can directly interact with the ice, thereby quickly and efficiently removing the ice.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] A surface discharge anti-icing device is installed on the surface of the leading edge of the blade of a wind turbine which is prone to icing, and the heat generated by the discharge is used to prevent icing on the surface of the blade of the wind turbine. The following is an embodiment of a surface discharge anti-icing method and device based on plasma heating in a gas gap in a dielectric, as shown in Figure 2The double-sided discharge structure of high-voltage electrode and grounding electrode on the two sides of the dielectric layer is shown, which is arranged on a polyimide dielectric material plate 5 (100 mm long, 100 mm wide and 1 mm thick), a high-voltage electrode 3 (80 mm long, 10 mm wide and 0.1 mm thick) is arranged on one side of the polyimide dielectric material plate, and a grounding electrode 6 of the same size is arranged on the other side of the polyimide dielectric material plate opposite the edge of the high-voltage electrode, in the same way, a high-voltage electrode of the same size is arranged on the dielectric surface on the side of the high-voltage electrode every 10 mm, and a grounding electrode is arranged on the dielectric surface on the side of the grounding electrode every 10 mm, finally forming an array of surface discharge of 4 high-voltage electrodes and 4 grounding electrodes, and connecting the 4 high-voltage electrodes to the output end of the pulse power supply 1 with a wire 2, and connecting the 4 grounding electrodes to the ground wire with a wire 2.

[0032] The double-sided discharge structure of high-voltage electrode and grounding electrode on the two sides of the dielectric layer is arranged on the ice-prone part of the wind power blade, and a 14kV pulse voltage is applied to make the high-voltage electrode side and the grounding electrode side region generate discharge plasma at the same time, when the high-voltage electrode exposed to the outside environment is covered with clear ice, the discharge cannot be effectively carried out, while the grounding electrode side can induce discharge plasma due to direct contact with the gas, thereby generating a heating effect, the generated heat is transmitted to the high-voltage electrode side through the dielectric, melting the clear ice on the surface, when part of the clear ice melts to form an air gap, the high-voltage electrode side can also generate discharge plasma, preventing the discharge from appearing "dead fire" phenomenon, realizing the direct action of plasma on ice, and further quickly and efficiently melting the ice.

[0033] The above-described embodiments only express the implementation of the present application, but cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present application, it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A surface discharge anti-icing device based on dielectric gap plasma heating, according to the icing situation of wind turbines or aircraft, the surface discharge anti-icing device is laid on the surface, and the discharge plasma heat effect is used to prevent icing, characterized in that, The surface discharge anti-icing device comprises a plasma power supply system and a surface discharge device; the plasma power supply system is a pulse power supply or an alternating current power supply; the surface discharge device comprises an insulating medium layer, a high-voltage electrode and a grounding electrode, the high-voltage electrode is connected with an output end of the power supply system, and a voltage is applied to induce discharge plasma to generate a heat effect for anti-icing; ​ The surface discharge anti-icing device is a coplanar discharge in which the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are both built in the medium; The coplanar discharge in which the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are both built in the medium is specifically that the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are arranged at intervals in the insulating medium layer, and an air gap is arranged in the medium on the side of the high-voltage electrode; the high-voltage electrode is connected with the output end of the power supply through a wire, and the grounding electrode is connected with a ground wire through a wire; A voltage is applied to the high-voltage electrode, so that discharge plasma is generated on the surface of the insulating medium and in the air gap in the medium on the side of the high-voltage electrode, the air gap is in a sealed contact with the external environment, different kinds of gas are filled in the air gap when sealed, so that the generation of plasma heating effect is facilitated, and the size of the discharge area is increased by increasing the number of the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode in the medium; The coplanar discharge in which the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are both built in the medium, the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are composed of conductive metal materials, and the shapes are round bar type or strip shape, the diameter of the round bar type high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode ranges from 0.1 mm to 30 mm, the width of the strip type high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode ranges from 0.1 mm to 30 mm, and the thickness ranges from 0.1 mm to 30 mm; the thickness of the medium layer ranges from 0.5 mm to 50 mm; the distance between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode ranges from 0.1 mm to 30 mm; the width of the air gap on the side of the high-voltage electrode ranges from 0.1 mm to 30 mm, and the thickness ranges from 0.1 mm to 30 mm; the length and width of the medium plate are selected according to requirements, and the length of the metal electrode is matched with the anti-icing requirements.

2. The surface discharge de-icing device based on heating by gas discharge plasma in dielectric gap according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating medium layer is an insulating medium material.

3. The surface discharge de-icing device based on heating by gas discharge plasma in dielectric gap according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insulating medium material comprises a polyimide film or other insulating film.

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