A surface laser-induced fracture assisted rock breaking device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of laser rock breaking, and discloses a surface laser-induced cracking auxiliary rock breaking device, which comprises a laser operation trolley, a laser emitter is arranged on the laser operation trolley, a six-axis robot is arranged on the laser operation trolley, an execution end of the six-axis robot is provided with a surface laser cladding head, an optical fiber input line is arranged in the surface laser cladding head, a plurality of laser grooves are formed in the surface laser cladding head, a laser emission port is arranged in the laser groove, the laser emission port is connected with the optical fiber input line through a line, a collimating mirror and a focusing mirror are sequentially arranged in the laser groove along the axial direction of the surface laser cladding head, and the focusing mirror moves along the axial direction of the laser groove to change the focusing focal length. The rock is rapidly heated by laser to generate cracks, and the rock breaking efficiency of the post-period drilling and blasting method and mechanical method is improved; meanwhile, the focusing intensity of the laser is adjustable, so that the rock is broken by focusing appropriate laser intensity, and the expected rock breaking effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser rock breaking technology, specifically to a surface laser-induced fracturing-assisted rock breaking device. Background Technology

[0002] Deeply buried tunnels are located in environments with high ground stress and hard surrounding rock, posing a risk of rockburst during excavation. For deep-buried hard rock tunnels, the drill-and-blast method is generally used. However, this method generates significant noise and vibration, high dust concentrations, and considerable environmental disturbance, while also introducing a series of safety issues. Therefore, in areas where the drill-and-blast method is not feasible, mechanical methods are typically used for tunnel excavation, with tunnel boring machines (TBMs) being the most common. Generally, when the rock strength is below 60 MPa, TBMs facilitate excavation with minimal cutter wear. However, when the rock strength exceeds 60 MPa or even 100 MPa, the cutting teeth wear rapidly, leading to reduced TBM performance, discontinuous construction, low machine utilization, poor economic efficiency, and even failure to break the rock. Traditional construction methods cannot meet the requirements for efficient excavation of deep-buried hard rock tunnels; therefore, finding a safe, efficient, clean, and economical auxiliary rock-breaking drilling equipment is extremely important. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a surface laser-induced fracturing-assisted rock breaking device. This device rapidly heats the rock with a laser to generate cracks, thereby improving the rock breaking efficiency of subsequent drilling and blasting methods and mechanical methods. At the same time, the laser's focusing intensity is adjustable, allowing for the adjustment of the appropriate focal length according to the specific conditions of the rock mass, so as to focus the appropriate laser intensity for rock breaking and achieve the expected rock breaking effect.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device, comprising a laser operating trolley, a laser emitter mounted on the laser operating trolley, a six-axis robot mounted on the laser operating trolley, and a surface laser cladding head mounted on the execution end of the six-axis robot. The surface laser cladding head includes a telescopic rod and a laser emitting disk. One end of the telescopic rod is connected to the execution end of the six-axis robot, and the other end is connected to the laser emitting disk. An optical fiber input line is disposed inside the telescopic rod. Multiple laser slots are formed at the end of the laser emitting disk away from the telescopic rod, and the laser slots are close to the telescopic rod. One end of the telescopic rod is provided with a laser emission port, which is connected to the optical fiber input line via a line. A collimating lens and a focusing lens are arranged sequentially in the laser groove along the direction away from the telescopic rod. The collimating lens is fixedly installed in the laser groove, and the focusing lens is slidably installed in the laser groove. The focusing lens moves along the axial direction of the laser emission disk to change the focusing focal length. Two sets of air blowing assemblies are opened at the end of the laser emission disk away from the telescopic rod. The air blowing assembly includes multiple nozzles, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the laser emission disk. The laser groove is located between the two sets of air blowing assemblies.

[0005] The effect of adopting the above technical solution is as follows: a six-axis robot delivers the surface laser cladding head to a certain distance in front of the working face, activates the laser emitter to emit laser light, and transmits the laser light through lines and fiber optic input lines to each laser emission port. After being calibrated by a collimating lens and focused by a focusing lens, the laser light irradiates the rock mass. After irradiation for a certain period of time, the six-axis robot adjusts the irradiation position of the surface laser cladding head until the rock surface cracks to achieve the desired effect. The laser and all equipment are then turned off, the laser operation trolley is removed, and drilling and blasting methods and mechanical methods can continue to be used for construction. This method uses laser to quickly heat the rock, generating cracks and improving the rock-breaking efficiency of subsequent drilling and blasting methods and mechanical methods. At the same time, the focusing intensity of the laser can be adjusted by moving the focusing lens, which makes it easy to adjust the appropriate focal length according to the specific conditions of the rock mass to focus the appropriate laser intensity for rock breaking and achieve the desired rock-breaking effect.

[0006] In some embodiments, the laser emitting disk is provided with a driving cavity, and a mounting disk is fixedly installed in the driving cavity. Multiple telescopic rods are evenly distributed around the end face of the mounting disk near the laser slot, and the multiple telescopic rods correspond one-to-one with the multiple laser slots. The telescopic ends of the telescopic rods are connected to the top of the focusing lens through a special-shaped rod, and the special-shaped rod is slidably connected to the laser slot.

[0007] In some embodiments, the telescopic rod includes a fixed rod, a sliding rod, and a lead screw. One end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected to the mounting disc, and the other end is slidably provided with the sliding rod. The end of the sliding rod away from the fixed rod is connected to the irregular rod. The lead screw is disposed inside the fixed rod, and the sliding rod is threadedly connected to the lead screw. A small gear is disposed at the end of the lead screw away from the sliding rod that passes through the mounting disc. A drive shaft is rotatably disposed inside the drive cavity, and a large gear is disposed on the drive shaft. The small gears of the plurality of telescopic rods mesh with the large gear.

[0008] In some embodiments, the laser emitting disk is vertically provided with straight teeth, which are slidably connected to the laser emitting disk, and the drive shaft is provided with gears, which mesh with the straight teeth.

[0009] In some embodiments, a mounting post is fixed to the side wall of the laser emitting disk, the mounting post has a vertically formed T-slot, a T-shaped strip is fixed to the back of the straight teeth, the T-shaped strip is slidably adapted to the T-slot, and a fastening screw is threaded onto the mounting post, the fastening screw extends into the T-slot and abuts against the T-shaped strip.

[0010] In some embodiments, the straight teeth are provided with positive limit scales and negative limit scales, the negative limit scales and the positive limit scales respectively corresponding to the two extreme movement positions of the focusing lens.

[0011] In some embodiments, the telescopic rod includes a primary telescopic rod and a secondary telescopic rod. One end of the primary telescopic rod is connected to the actuator of the six-axis robot, and the other end is slidably connected to the secondary telescopic rod. An electric push rod is installed on the side wall of the primary telescopic rod, and the telescopic shaft of the electric push rod is connected to the end of the secondary telescopic rod.

[0012] In some embodiments, the primary telescopic rod is provided with an air duct interface and a water chiller duct interface, the laser operating trolley is provided with a water chiller, the water chiller duct interface is provided with two sets, the water outlet of the water chiller is connected to one of the water chiller duct interfaces through a water cooling pipe, the water inlet of the water chiller is connected to the other water chiller duct interface through a circulation pipe, a cooling cavity is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall of the laser emitting disk, two flexible hoses communicating with the cooling cavity are provided inside the telescopic rod, the two flexible hoses are respectively connected to the two water chiller duct interfaces, a spiral tube is wound on the housing of the laser emitter, the two ends of the spiral tube are respectively connected to the water inlet port and the water outlet port of the water chiller, the air duct interface is connected to an air compressor, and the air compressor is provided on the laser operating trolley.

[0013] In some embodiments, a wide-angle direct-view lens is provided at the center of the laser emitting disk.

[0014] In some embodiments, the laser emitting disk has multiple ranging sensors evenly distributed around its edge away from the telescopic rod.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] 1. Rapidly heating the rock surface using laser irradiation causes cracks to form on the surface and inside the rock mass, releasing rock stress in advance and significantly reducing its mechanical properties such as point load strength, uniaxial compressive strength, and tensile strength. This releases surrounding rock deformation, thereby reducing the risk of rock bursts. In subsequent drill-and-blast operations, this reduces the amount of explosives used, minimizes disturbance to the surrounding environment, and reduces dust pollution. In areas where drill-and-blast operations are not feasible, mechanical drilling methods can be used, which can also reduce the wear of cutting teeth during mechanical drilling, improve drilling efficiency, and reduce costs.

[0017] 2. The focusing intensity of the laser can be adjusted by moving the focusing lens, which makes it easy to adjust the appropriate focal length according to the specific conditions of the rock mass, so as to focus the appropriate laser intensity to break the rock and achieve the expected rock breaking effect. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the surface laser cladding head in a surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a right view of the laser emitting disk in a surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a top view of the laser emitting disk in a surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device of the present invention;

[0023] In the diagram, 1-Laser emitter, 2-Air compressor, 3-Water chiller, 4-Wide-angle direct-view lens, 5-Laser operating trolley, 6-Range sensor, 8-Six-axis robot, 9-Surface laser cladding head, 11-Telescopic rod, 12-Laser emitting disk, 13-Laser tank, 14-Collimating lens, 15-Focusing lens, 16-Nozzle, 17-Fiber optic input line, 18-Drive cavity, 19-Mounting disk, 20-Irregular-shaped rod, 21-Fixed rod. 22-Sliding rod, 23-Lead screw, 24-Pinary gear, 25-Drive shaft, 26-Large gear, 27-Spur gear, 28-Gear, 29-Mounting post, 30-T-slot, 31-T-strip, 32-Fasting screw, 33-Positive limit scale, 34-Negative limit scale, 35-First-stage telescopic rod, 36-Second-stage telescopic rod, 37-Electric push rod, 38-Air duct interface, 39-Water chiller duct interface, 40-Cooling chamber, 41-Hose. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a surface laser fracturing-assisted rock breaking device includes a laser operating carriage 5, a laser emitter 1 mounted on the laser operating carriage 5, and a six-axis robot 8 mounted on the laser operating carriage 5. The execution end of the six-axis robot 8 is equipped with a surface laser cladding head 9. Wheels are installed at the bottom of the laser operating carriage 5, allowing the laser operating carriage 5 to move the rock breaking device. The six-axis robot 8 drives the surface laser cladding head 9 to move with multiple degrees of freedom, bringing the surface laser cladding head close to the rock surface for laser fracturing. The surface laser cladding head 9 includes a telescopic rod 11 and a laser emitting disk 12. One end of the telescopic rod 11 is connected to the execution end of the six-axis robot 8, and the other end is connected to the laser emitter. The laser emitting disk 12 and telescopic rod 11 are equipped with an optical fiber input line 17. Multiple laser slots 13 are formed at the end of the laser emitting disk 12 away from the telescopic rod 11. A laser emission port is located at the end of each laser slot 13 near the telescopic rod 11. The laser emission port is connected to the optical fiber input line 17 via a line, which in turn connects to the laser emitter 1. A collimating lens 14 and a focusing lens 15 are sequentially arranged within each laser slot 13 along the direction away from the telescopic rod 11. The collimating lens 14 is fixedly positioned within the laser slot 13, while the focusing lens 15 is slidably positioned within it. The focusing lens 15 moves along the axial direction of the laser emitting disk 12 to change the focal length, thus emitting laser light. Two sets of air blowing assemblies are provided at the end of the disc 12 away from the telescopic rod 11. The air blowing assemblies include multiple nozzles 16, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the laser emitting disc 12. The laser tank 13 is located between the two sets of air blowing assemblies, which surround the inner and outer rings of the laser tank 13, respectively. High-pressure gas is blown out through the nozzles 16 of the air blowing assemblies to blow away impurities and form an airflow layer around the laser tank 13 in front, effectively protecting the optical components and lenses inside the laser tank 13 from damage. The surface laser cladding head 9 is sent to a certain distance in front of the working face by the six-axis robot 8, and the laser emitter 1 is activated to emit laser light. The laser light is input through the circuit and optical fiber. The laser beam is transmitted to each laser emission port. After being calibrated by collimating lens 14 and focused by focusing lens 15, it irradiates the rock mass. After irradiation for a certain period of time, the six-axis robot 8 adjusts the irradiation position of the surface laser cladding head 9 until the rock surface cracks to achieve the desired effect. The laser and all equipment are then turned off, the laser operation trolley 5 is removed, and drilling and blasting methods and mechanical methods can continue to be used for construction. This method uses laser to quickly heat the rock, creating cracks and improving the efficiency of subsequent drilling and blasting and mechanical methods for rock breaking. At the same time, the focusing intensity of the laser can be adjusted by moving the focusing lens 15, which allows for adjustment of the appropriate focal length according to the specific conditions of the rock mass to focus the appropriate laser intensity for rock breaking and achieve the desired rock breaking effect. Preferably, a wide-angle direct-view lens 4 is set in the middle of the laser emission disk 12 to monitor and image in real time during construction and provide feedback on the imaging information. This allows workers to observe the cracking effect of the rock mass in real time and carry out corresponding construction operations based on the cracking effect.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, multiple ranging sensors 6 are evenly distributed around the edge of the laser emitting disk 12 away from the telescopic rod 11. The ranging sensors 6 detect the distance between the laser emitting disk 12 and the rock wall. Multiple ranging sensors 6 can comprehensively detect the distance between each area of ​​the laser emitting disk 12 and the rock surface, allowing the laser emitting disk 12 to approach the rock surface for rock breaking. Due to the irregular shape of the rock surface, when the detection value of some ranging sensors 6 is less than the predicted value, it indicates that the rock surface is convex. At this time, the six-axis robot 8 adjusts the posture of the laser emitting disk 12 and moves the laser emitting disk 12 away from the rock surface to avoid collision with the rock and damage. When the detection value of the ranging sensors 6 is greater than the predicted value, it indicates that the rock surface is concave. At this time, the six-axis robot 8 adjusts the posture of the laser emitting disk 12 and moves it closer to the rock surface to ensure that the rock breaking effect is not affected.

[0027] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a driving cavity 18 is provided inside the laser emitting disk 12, and a mounting disk 19 is fixedly installed inside the driving cavity 18. Multiple telescopic rods are evenly distributed around the end face of the mounting disk 19 near the laser slot 13. Each telescopic rod corresponds to one of the laser slots 13. The telescopic ends of the telescopic rods are connected to the top of the focusing lens 15 via a shaped rod 20. The shaped rod 20 is slidably connected to the laser slot 13. The telescopic movement of the telescopic rods causes the shaped rod 20 to move, which in turn causes the focusing lens 15 to move, thereby changing the distance between the focusing lens 15 and the collimating lens 14, and thus changing the focusing focal length. Specifically, when the rock mass is relatively weak... The laser's focusing intensity does not need to be at its highest. At this time, by moving the focusing lens 15, the laser is emitted in a certain divergent form, increasing the emission range of the laser within a single laser slot 13, thereby expanding the irradiation range and reducing the time the laser emission disk 12 stays in one position, thus improving the efficiency of laser-induced rock breaking. When the rock mass is relatively hard, the focusing lens 15 can be adjusted to focus the laser into a line for emission. Although the range is reduced, when the laser intensity increases, it can effectively break hard rock masses. Therefore, in actual use, the position of the focusing lens 15 is adjusted according to the specific conditions of the rock mass to obtain different rock breaking effects.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, the telescopic rod includes a fixed rod 21, a sliding rod 22, and a lead screw 23. One end of the fixed rod 21 is fixedly connected to the mounting disk 19, and the other end is slidably provided with the sliding rod 22. The end of the sliding rod 22 away from the fixed rod 21 is connected to the irregular rod 20. The lead screw 23 is disposed inside the fixed rod 21, and the sliding rod 22 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 23. The end of the lead screw 23 away from the sliding rod 22 passes through the mounting disk 19 and is provided with a small gear 24. A drive shaft 25 is rotatably disposed in the drive cavity 18, and a large gear 26 is provided on the drive shaft 25. The small gears 24 of the multiple telescopic rods mesh with the large gear 26. The laser emitting disk 12 is vertically mounted on the laser emitting disk 12. A straight tooth 27 is provided, which is slidably connected to the laser emitting disk 12. A gear 28 is provided on the drive shaft 25. The straight tooth 27 meshes with the gear 28. By moving the straight tooth 27 up and down, the gear 28 is driven to rotate, which in turn drives the drive shaft 25 to rotate. The drive shaft 25 drives the lead screw 23 to rotate through the meshing of the large gear 26 and the small gear 24. Since the sliding rod 22 and the fixed rod 21 are fitted together, the rotational freedom of the sliding rod 22 is restricted, so that the sliding rod 22 moves along the axis of the lead screw 23. This allows the sliding rod 22 to drive the focusing lens 15 to move through the special rod 20, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the focusing lens 15.

[0029] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, a mounting post 29 is fixed to the side wall of the laser emitting disk 12. The mounting post 29 has a vertically formed T-slot 30. A T-shaped strip 31 is fixed to the back of the straight tooth 27. The T-shaped strip 31 slides within the T-slot 30, restricting the horizontal freedom of the straight tooth 27. A fastening screw 32 is threaded onto the mounting post 29. The fastening screw 32 extends into the T-slot 30 and abuts against the T-shaped strip 31. The straight tooth 27 is locked by the fastening screw 32, so that the straight tooth 27 will not move during the movement of the equipment, ensuring the stability of the position of the focusing lens 15. Preferably, the straight tooth 27 is provided with a positive limit scale 33 and a negative limit scale 34. The positive limit scale 33 is located above the negative limit scale 34. The negative limit scale 34 and the positive limit scale 33 correspond to the two extreme movement positions of the focusing lens 15, respectively. When the negative limit scale 34 is flush with the top surface of the mounting post 29, it indicates that the focusing lens 15 is about to touch the collimating lens 14 and has reached the negative limit movement position of the focusing lens 15. At this time, the straight tooth 27 can only be moved downward to move the focusing lens 15 away from the collimating lens 14. When the positive limit scale 33 is flush with the top surface of the mounting post 29, it indicates that the focusing lens 15 has reached the maximum position of positive movement. Therefore, in the actual adjustment process, the top surface of the mounting post 29 needs to be located between the positive limit scale 33 and the negative limit scale 34.

[0030] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, the telescopic rod 11 includes a primary telescopic rod 35 and a secondary telescopic rod 36. One end of the primary telescopic rod 35 is connected to the execution end of the six-axis robot 8, and the other end slides through the secondary telescopic rod 36. An electric push rod 37 is installed on the side wall of the primary telescopic rod 35. The telescopic shaft of the electric push rod 37 is connected to the end of the secondary telescopic rod 36. The extension and retraction of the electric push rod 37 drives the secondary telescopic rod 36 to slide on the primary telescopic rod 35, thereby realizing the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod. An air duct interface 38 and a water chiller duct interface 39 are provided on the primary telescopic rod 35. A water chiller 3 is provided on the laser operating trolley 5. There are two sets of water chiller duct interfaces 39. The water outlet of the water chiller 3 is connected to one of the water chiller duct interfaces 39 through a water cooling pipe, and the water inlet of the water chiller 3 is connected to the other water chiller duct interface 39 through a circulation pipe. A cooling cavity 40 is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall of the laser emitting disk 12. The telescopic rod 11 is equipped with... Two flexible hoses 41 are connected to the cooling chamber 40. The two hoses 41 are respectively connected to two water chiller pipe interfaces 39. A spiral tube is wound around the shell of the laser emitter 1. The two ends of the spiral tube are connected to the water inlet and outlet ports of the water chiller 3, respectively. The spiral tube cools the shell of the laser emitter 1 and extends the service life of the laser emitter 1. An air pipe interface 38 is connected to an air compressor 2. The air compressor 2 is set on the laser operating carriage 5. The air compressor 2 introduces compressed air into the cavity of the telescopic rod through the air pipe interface 38. The cavity of the telescopic rod is connected to the drive cavity 18 of the laser emitting disk 12. The nozzle 16 is connected to the drive cavity 18, so that the compressed gas can be ejected from the nozzle 16. The water chiller 3 injects cold water into the cooling chamber 40 through the water cooling pipe, thereby cooling the optical components inside the laser emitting disk 12. The water that has undergone heat exchange returns to the water chiller 3 through the circulation pipe to realize cold water circulation.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "coaxial," "bottom," "one end," "top," "middle," "other end," "upper," "side," "top," "inner," "front," "center," and "both ends," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the beneficial effects to be achieved by this invention are merely to achieve better beneficial effects compared with the current embodiments in the prior art under specific conditions, rather than to directly achieve the best use effect in the industry.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device, comprising a laser operating trolley (5), wherein a laser emitter (1) is provided on the laser operating trolley (5), characterized in that, A six-axis robot (8) is mounted on the laser manipulation trolley (5). The execution end of the six-axis robot (8) is equipped with a surface laser cladding head (9). The surface laser cladding head (9) includes a telescopic rod (11) and a laser emitting disk (12). One end of the telescopic rod (11) is connected to the execution end of the six-axis robot (8), and the other end is connected to the laser emitting disk (12). An optical fiber input line (17) is installed inside the telescopic rod (11). Multiple laser slots (13) are opened at the end of the laser emitting disk (12) away from the telescopic rod (11). A laser emission port is provided at the end of each laser slot (13) near the telescopic rod (11). The laser emission port is connected to the optical fiber input line (17) via a line. The laser slots (13) are arranged along the direction away from the telescopic rod (11). The laser emitting disk (12) is provided with a collimating lens (14) and a focusing lens (15). The collimating lens (14) is fixedly installed in the laser emitting disk (13), and the focusing lens (15) is slidably installed in the laser emitting disk (13). The focusing lens (15) moves along the axial direction of the laser emitting disk (12) to change the focusing focal length. Two sets of air blowing components are provided at one end of the laser emitting disk (12) away from the telescopic rod (11). The air blowing components include multiple nozzles (16). The multiple nozzles (16) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the laser emitting disk (12). The laser emitting disk (13) is located between the two sets of air blowing components. The two sets of air blowing components surround the inner and outer rings of the laser emitting disk (13) respectively. High-pressure gas is blown out through the nozzles (16) of the air blowing components to blow away impurities and form an airflow layer in front of the laser emitting disk (13).

2. The surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser emitting disk (12) is provided with a driving cavity (18), and a mounting disk (19) is fixedly installed in the driving cavity (18). Multiple telescopic rods are evenly distributed around the end face of the mounting disk (19) near the laser groove (13). The multiple telescopic rods correspond one-to-one with the multiple laser grooves (13). The telescopic ends of the telescopic rods are connected to the top of the focusing lens (15) through a special-shaped rod (20). The special-shaped rod (20) is slidably connected to the laser groove (13).

3. The surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic rod includes a fixed rod (21), a sliding rod (22), and a lead screw (23). One end of the fixed rod (21) is fixedly connected to the mounting disc (19), and the other end is slidably provided with the sliding rod (22). The end of the sliding rod (22) away from the fixed rod (21) is connected to the shaped rod (20). The lead screw (23) is disposed inside the fixed rod (21). The sliding rod (22) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (23). The end of the lead screw (23) away from the sliding rod (22) passes through the mounting disc (19) and is provided with a small gear (24). A drive shaft (25) is rotatably disposed inside the drive cavity (18). The drive shaft (25) is provided with a large gear (26). The small gears (24) of the multiple telescopic rods mesh with the large gear (26).

4. The surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The laser emitting disk (12) is vertically provided with straight teeth (27), which are slidably connected to the laser emitting disk (12). The drive shaft (25) is provided with gears (28), and the straight teeth (27) mesh with the gears (28).

5. The surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The side wall of the laser emitting disk (12) is fixed with a mounting post (29), the mounting post (29) is vertically provided with a T-slot (30), the back of the straight tooth (27) is fixed with a T-strip (31), the T-strip (31) is slidably adapted to the T-slot (30), and a fastening screw (32) is threaded on the mounting post (29), the fastening screw (32) extends into the T-slot (30) and abuts against the T-strip (31).

6. The surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The straight tooth (27) is provided with a positive limit scale (33) and a negative limit scale (34), and the negative limit scale (34) and the positive limit scale (33) correspond to the two extreme movement positions of the focusing lens (15), respectively.

7. The surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic rod (11) includes a primary telescopic rod (35) and a secondary telescopic rod (36). One end of the primary telescopic rod (35) is connected to the execution end of the six-axis robot (8), and the other end is slidably connected to the secondary telescopic rod (36). An electric push rod (37) is installed on the side wall of the primary telescopic rod (35), and the telescopic shaft of the electric push rod (37) is connected to the end of the secondary telescopic rod (36).

8. The surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The primary telescopic rod (35) is equipped with an air duct interface (38) and a water chiller duct interface (39). The laser operating trolley (5) is equipped with a water chiller (3). The water chiller duct interface (39) has two sets. The water outlet of the water chiller (3) is connected to one of the water chiller duct interfaces (39) through a water cooling pipe. The water inlet of the water chiller (3) is connected to the other water chiller duct interface (39) through a circulation pipe. A cooling system is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall of the laser emitting disk (12). The cooling cavity (40) is provided with two flexible hoses (41) that communicate with the cooling cavity (40) inside the telescopic rod (11). The two flexible hoses (41) are respectively connected to the two water chiller pipe interfaces (39). The housing of the laser emitter (1) is wound with a spiral tube. The two ends of the spiral tube are respectively connected to the water inlet port and the water outlet port of the water chiller (3). The air pipe interface (38) is connected to the air compressor (2). The air compressor (2) is set on the laser operation trolley (5).

9. The surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A wide-angle direct-viewing lens (4) is provided in the middle of the laser emitting disk (12).

10. The surface laser-induced fracturing assisted rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple ranging sensors (6) are evenly distributed around the edge of the laser emitting disk (12) away from the telescopic rod (11).

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