A processing method for large-diameter, ultra-high and ultra-heavy workpieces

Abstract

The present invention discloses a processing method for a large-diameter, ultra-high and ultra-heavy shield body, including S1: fixing the shield body on a working support, and installing processing equipment on the ground inside the shield body; S2: using the processing equipment to process the center ring processing area of ​​the shield body; S3: providing a marking device on the rotary table of the processing equipment, and using the marking device to set a reference line on the middle shield ring plate; S4: disassembling the processing equipment located on the ground, and installing the processing equipment on the rear partition according to the set reference line, ensuring that the rotary table located on the rear partition is coaxial with the processed workpiece center ring; S5: using the processing equipment to process the hinged ring processing area of ​​the shield body to complete the processing operation. By setting two processing equipment installation points, it is ensured that the distance between the tool used for processing and the rotary table is kept within a suitable range, avoiding the problem of tool jumping; the setting of the reference line meets the requirements of the processing equipment for processing size accuracy and surface roughness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield body processing, and in particular to a processing method for a large-diameter, ultra-high and ultra-heavy workpiece. Background Art

[0002] During the production process of a shield, it was found that its diameter exceeded 8 meters, its net height exceeded 7 meters, and its weight exceeded 320 tons. It is a large-diameter, super-high, and super-heavy workpiece. Due to the characteristics of the workpiece's large diameter, high height, and heavy weight, it is difficult for general equipment to simultaneously meet the processing requirements of the above three characteristics. Most of the general machine tools can only meet the diameter processing requirements, and often cannot process workpieces of such large height and weight. In order to complete this shield processing task, a new scheme for assembling a machine tool on the workpiece is proposed, which is also of great reference significance for the processing of other similar large-diameter, super-heavy, and super-high workpieces.

[0003] There are three main traditional technical solutions. The first is to use a large double-column vertical lathe. This solution is to hoist the workpiece onto the rotary table, and then level and align it before processing. The second solution is to use a single-column vertical lathe. This solution is to retract the single arm and hoist the workpiece onto the table, and then level and align it before processing. The third solution is the idea of ​​separating the workpiece from the machine tool. The workpiece is hoisted in blocks around the vertical lathe to the shield support. After each block is hoisted up, it is leveled and aligned, and then the workpiece is tightened for processing.

[0004] The first and second solutions mentioned above are similar, both of which involve hoisting the workpiece onto the workbench and processing it after leveling and aligning. The first and second solutions mentioned above are the mainstream solutions in the current processing industry, but the rotary table that processes workpieces with a diameter of less than 9 meters generally only has a load-bearing capacity of 150 tons, and its column slideway is rarely more than 7 meters high. If the slideway is barely raised by using a heightening section, the machine tool heightening process will take a long time, and the economic effect is too poor. The third type of vertical lathe separates the workpiece from the machine tool, solving the problem of insufficient load-bearing capacity of the rotary table, but the processing height is only 4.5 meters at most. If it is barely raised, the processing stability will deteriorate, and the tool will jump severely when processing the articulated ring, which cannot meet the processing accuracy and surface roughness requirements of the workpiece. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, a method for processing large-diameter, ultra-high and ultra-heavy workpieces is provided to improve processing accuracy and processing efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0007] A method for processing a large-diameter, ultra-high and ultra-heavy shield, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: Fix the shield body on the working support and install the processing equipment on the ground inside the shield body;

[0009] S2: Processing the center ring processing area of ​​the shield body using processing equipment;

[0010] S3: A marking device is provided on the rotary table of the processing equipment, and a reference line is set on the middle shield ring plate of the shield body by using the marking device;

[0011] S4: Dismantle the processing equipment on the ground, and install the processing equipment on the rear partition according to the set reference line, ensuring that the rotary table on the rear partition is coaxial with the center ring of the processed workpiece;

[0012] S5: Use processing equipment to process the hinge ring processing area of ​​the shield body to complete the processing operation.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, in step S3, the marking equipment includes a marking tool and a heightening rod. The marking tool is installed on the rotary table through the heightening rod. The rotary table is rotated to mark the reference line of the circular trajectory on the middle shield ring plate using the marking tool.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, in step S4, a calibration device is included, the calibration device is placed on the rotary table, the rotary table is rotated, and the rotary table is calibrated using the calibration device so that the rotation trajectory of the rotary table in step S2 and step S4 has a common rotation center line.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the calibration equipment includes a heightening rod and a measuring tool; several reference points are selected on the reference line, the rotary table is rotated, and the shortest distance between the reference point and the heightening rod is measured in turn by using the measuring tool. If the shortest distance between each reference point and the heightening rod is equal, the rotary table on the partition is coaxial with the center ring of the processed workpiece.

[0016] According to the above technical scheme, the processing equipment includes a rotary worktable, a tool actuator and a driving mechanism. The tool actuator is arranged on the rotary worktable, the driving mechanism is connected to the rotary worktable, and the tool actuator is provided with a radial feed drive system; a detachable radial extension platform and a counterweight are also provided on the top of the rotary worktable, and a detachable circular altar-type support is also provided on the bottom of the rotary worktable. The radial extension platform, the counterweight, and the circular altar-type support are used for the installation of the processing equipment in step S4.

[0017] According to the above technical solution, in step S2, the processing equipment is installed on the ground directly below the central axis of the shield body.

[0018] According to the above technical solution, in step S4, the following steps are included:

[0019] S41: dismantle the processing equipment located on the ground;

[0020] S42: The round altar-shaped support and the rotary table of the processing equipment are installed on the rear partition plate, and a heightening rod for the calibration equipment is provided on the rotary table;

[0021] S43: using the measuring tool of the calibration equipment to level and align the rotary table of the processing equipment;

[0022] S43: The radial extension platform is installed on the rotary table, and the tool actuator, the counterweight and the drive mechanism are bolted to the radial extension platform.

[0023] According to the above technical scheme, the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic station, a motor and a gear transmission structure. The hydraulic station is connected to the static pressure chamber of the static pressure guide platform serving as a rotary table. The motor is connected to the rotary table through the gear transmission structure. The motor is used to drive the rotation of the rotary table. The rotation of the rotary table provides power for the processing action of the tool actuator.

[0024] According to the above technical solution, in step S4, according to the size of the shield and the installation height of the rotary table, a working support of a suitable height is provided at the bottom of the hydraulic station and the motor.

[0025] According to the above technical solution, in step S1, an adjusting bolt for adjusting the height is provided on the top of the working support for supporting the shield body.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. Install the shield on the work support to raise the overall height of the shield; install the processing equipment on the ground or on the shield according to the height of the processing area, and set the reference line on the shield. According to the reference line, ensure that the rotation center line of the rotary table is on the same straight line when the processing equipment is on the ground and on the shield, and ensure that the processing equipment has the same reference point at different installation positions. By setting two processing equipment installation points, ensure that the distance between the tool used for processing and the rotary table is kept within the appropriate range, avoiding the problem of tool jumping caused by the distance between the tool and the rotary table being too far. The tool has the advantages of high stability and low jitter, which improves the processing quality; in addition, the setting of the reference line meets the processing size accuracy and surface roughness requirements of the processing equipment when processing the same shield at different installation positions.

[0028] 2. Re-plan the installation position of the machine tool hydraulic station according to the existing space and position the hydraulic station in the air. On the one hand, it meets the allowable values ​​of the existing hydraulic station head and pressure; on the other hand, it ensures that the hydraulic station is installed stably and reliably. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shield;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of processing equipment in the center ring processing area of ​​the embodiment provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a marking tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of processing equipment in the hinge ring processing area of ​​the embodiment provided by the present invention;

[0033] In the figure, 1. shield body; 1-1. connecting ring processing area; 1-2. middle shield ring plate; 1-3. rear partition plate; 1-4. front shield ring plate; 1-5. center ring processing area; 2. working support; 3. rotary table; 4. marking tool; 5. calibration equipment; 6. tool actuator; 7. radial extension platform; 8. counterweight; 9. round altar support; 10. hydraulic station; 11. motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 4 As shown, the shield body 1 includes, from top to bottom, a connection ring processing area 1-1, a middle shield ring plate 1-2, a rear baffle 1-3, a front shield ring plate 1-4, and a center ring processing area 1-5, wherein the connection ring processing area, the middle shield ring plate, the front shield ring plate, and the center ring processing area are cylindrical, and the rear baffle is annular, and the rear baffle is the end face of the front shield ring plate. The present invention provides a processing method for a large-diameter, ultra-high, and ultra-heavy shield body; the processing method comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1: Fix the shield body on the working support 2 and install the processing equipment on the ground inside the shield body;

[0037] S2: Processing the center ring processing area of ​​the shield body using processing equipment;

[0038] S3: A marking device is provided on the rotary table 3 of the processing equipment, and a reference line is set on the middle shield ring plate of the shield body by using the marking device;

[0039] S4: Dismantle the processing equipment on the ground, and install the processing equipment on the rear partition according to the set reference line, ensuring that the rotary table on the rear partition is coaxial with the center ring of the processed workpiece;

[0040] S5: Use processing equipment to process the hinge ring processing area of ​​the shield body to complete the processing operation.

[0041] In this embodiment, the shield is installed on the work support to raise the overall height of the shield; the processing equipment is installed on the ground or on the shield according to the height of the processing area, and a reference line is set on the shield. The reference line ensures that the rotation center line of the rotary table is on the same straight line when the processing equipment is on the ground and on the shield, ensuring that the processing equipment has the same reference point at different installation positions. By setting two processing equipment installation points, the distance between the tool used for processing and the rotary table is kept within an appropriate range, avoiding the problem of tool jumping caused by the distance between the tool and the rotary table being too far; in addition, the setting of the reference line meets the processing dimensional accuracy and surface roughness requirements of the processing equipment for processing the same shield at different installation positions.

[0042] Further, in step S3, the marking device includes a marking tool and a heightening rod 4, the marking tool is installed on the turntable through the heightening rod, the turntable is rotated, and the marking tool is used to mark the reference line of the circular trajectory on the middle shield ring plate. A point or arc on the circular trajectory can also be marked as a reference line.

[0043] Further, in step S4, a calibration device 5 is included, and the calibration device is placed on the rotary table. The rotary table is rotated and calibrated using the calibration device so that the rotation trajectory of the rotary table in step S2 and step S4 shares a common rotation center line, i.e., the rotary table located on the partition is ensured to be coaxial with the center ring of the processed workpiece.

[0044] Specifically, the calibration equipment includes a heightening rod and a measuring tool; several reference points are selected on the reference line, the rotary table is rotated, and the shortest distance between the reference point and the heightening rod is measured in turn by the measuring tool. If the shortest distance between each reference point and the heightening rod is equal, the rotary table on the partition is coaxial with the center ring of the processed workpiece.

[0045] Specifically, the processing equipment includes a rotary table, a tool actuator 6 and a driving mechanism. The tool actuator is arranged on the rotary table, the driving mechanism is connected to the rotary table, and a radial feed driving system is arranged on the tool actuator. The rotary table is driven by the driving mechanism to rotate, and the tool actuator is driven by the radial feed driving system. A detachable radial extension platform 7 and a counterweight 8 are arranged on the top of the rotary table, and a detachable round altar-shaped support 9 is arranged on the bottom of the rotary table. The radial extension platform, the counterweight, and the round altar-shaped support are used for the installation of the processing equipment in step S4. By setting the radial extension platform, it is ensured that the distance between the tool used for processing and the rotary table is kept within the stroke range of the tool bar.

[0046] Preferably, in step S2, the processing equipment is installed on the ground directly below the central axis of the shield body.

[0047] Specifically, in step S4, the following steps are included:

[0048] S41: dismantle the processing equipment located on the ground;

[0049] S42: Install the circular altar-shaped support and rotary table of the processing equipment on the rear partition, and set a heightening rod for the calibration equipment on the rotary table; the circular altar-shaped support is hoisted to the rear partition of the workpiece and then spot welded, and the rotary table is spot welded to the circular altar-shaped support through the pier. The material used for the circular altar-shaped support is not allowed to produce plastic deformation, and the elastic deformation should be small enough to be negligible.

[0050] S43: Use the measuring tool of the calibration equipment to level and align the rotary table of the processing equipment; in order to facilitate the planar movement of the rotary table, a lateral and longitudinal translation mechanism can be set on the rotary table and the circular altar-shaped support.

[0051] S43: Bolt the radial extension platform to the rotary table, and bolt the tool actuator, counterweight and drive mechanism to the radial extension platform.

[0052] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic station 10, a motor 11 and a gear transmission structure. The hydraulic station is connected to the static pressure chamber of the static pressure guide platform serving as a rotary table. The motor is connected to the rotary table through the gear transmission structure. The rotary table is driven to rotate by the motor. The rotation of the table provides power for the processing action of the tool actuator.

[0053] Further, in step S4, according to the size of the shield and the installation height of the rotary table, a working support of appropriate height is provided at the bottom of the hydraulic station and the motor. The installation position of the machine tool hydraulic station is replanned according to the existing space, and the hydraulic station is positioned in the air, which not only meets the allowable values ​​of the existing hydraulic station head and pressure, but also ensures that the hydraulic station is installed stably and reliably.

[0054] Preferably, in step S1, a height-adjusting bolt is provided on the top of the working support for supporting the shield body.

[0055] Working principle of the present invention:

[0056] After the center ring of the shield body is processed by the tool actuator, the datum line is set by dotting at the protruding position above the rear partition of the shield body (the protruding position in the embodiment in the figure is the area on the hinge ring); the datum line is used as the installation datum of the processing equipment during the workbench processing in the connection ring processing area (ensuring that the rotation center lines of the working rotary table of the processing equipment are on the same straight line at two installation positions). The present invention assembles the workbench and the processing machine tool together on the workpiece structure to complete the overall concept of post-weld processing. It is not only suitable for large-diameter, ultra-high and ultra-heavy shields, but also has great reference significance for the machining of other large-diameter, ultra-heavy and ultra-high workpieces with similar shield structures.

[0057] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing a large-diameter, ultra-high and ultra-heavy shield, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Fix the shield body on the working support and install the processing equipment on the ground inside the shield body; S2: Processing the center ring processing area of ​​the shield body using processing equipment; S3: A marking device is provided on the rotary table of the processing equipment, the rotary table is rotated, and the reference line of the circular track is marked on the middle shield ring plate of the shield body by using the marking device; S4: Dismantle the processing equipment on the ground, and install the processing equipment on the rear partition according to the set reference line, ensuring that the rotary table on the rear partition is coaxial with the center ring of the processed workpiece; In step S4, a calibration device is included, the calibration device is placed on the rotary table, the rotary table is rotated, and the rotary table is calibrated using the calibration device so that the rotation trajectories of the rotary table in step S2 and step S4 share a common rotation center line; The calibration equipment includes a heightening rod and a measuring tool; select several reference points on the reference line, rotate the rotary table, and use the measuring tool to measure the shortest distance between the reference points and the heightening rod in turn. If the shortest distance between each reference point and the heightening rod is equal, the rotary table on the partition is coaxial with the center ring of the processed workpiece; S5: Processing the hinge ring processing area of ​​the shield body using processing equipment to complete the processing operation; The processing equipment includes a rotary table, a tool actuator and a driving mechanism; it also includes a detachable radial extension platform and a counterweight on the top of the rotary table, and a detachable round altar-shaped support on the bottom of the rotary table. The radial extension platform, the counterweight and the round altar-shaped support are used for the installation of the processing equipment in step S4.

2. The method for processing a large-diameter, ultra-high and ultra-heavy shield according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the marking device includes a marking tool and a heightening rod. The marking tool is installed on the rotary workbench through the heightening rod. The marking tool is used to mark the reference line of the circular trajectory on the middle shield ring plate.

3. The method for processing a large-diameter, ultra-high and ultra-heavy shield according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The tool actuator is arranged on the rotary working platform, the driving mechanism is connected with the rotary working table, and the tool actuator is provided with a radial feed driving system.

4. The method for processing a large-diameter, ultra-high and ultra-heavy shield according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S2, the processing equipment is installed on the ground directly below the central axis of the shield body.

5. The method for processing a large-diameter, ultra-high and ultra-heavy shield according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S4, the following steps are included: S41: dismantle the processing equipment located on the ground; S42: The round altar-shaped support and the rotary table of the processing equipment are installed on the rear partition plate, and a heightening rod for the calibration equipment is provided on the rotary table; S43: using the measuring tool of the calibration equipment to level and align the rotary table of the processing equipment; S43: The radial extension platform is installed on the rotary table, and the tool actuator, the counterweight and the drive mechanism are bolted to the radial extension platform.

6. The method for processing a large-diameter, ultra-high and ultra-heavy shield according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a hydraulic station, a motor and a gear transmission structure. The hydraulic station is connected to the static pressure chamber of the static pressure guide platform serving as the rotary table. The motor is connected to the rotary table through the gear transmission structure. The motor drives the rotation of the rotary table. The rotation of the rotary table provides power for the processing action of the tool actuator.

7. The method for processing a large-diameter, ultra-high and ultra-heavy shield according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S4, according to the size of the shield and the installation height of the rotary table, a working support of a suitable height is provided at the bottom of the hydraulic station and the motor.

8. The method for processing a large-diameter, ultra-high and ultra-heavy shield according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, an adjusting bolt for adjusting the height is provided on the top of a working support for supporting the shield body.

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