A prismatic high temperature gas cooled reactor core structure

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of prismatic high-temperature gas cooled reactor core structures, including reactor core body, reactor core body includes fuel assembly, reflector assembly, gas collection structure assembly, and bottom plate, reflector assembly includes upper reflector, central reflector, side reflector and lower reflector, first coolant channel and second coolant channel are equipped in fuel assembly, gas cavity is equipped in upper reflector, ascending channel is equipped in side reflector, first gas distribution channel and second gas distribution channel are equipped in lower reflector, gas inlet channel and gas collection channel are equipped in gas collection structure assembly, first gas inlet and second gas inlet and gas outlet are equipped on bottom plate.The application can be constructed in reactor core Double-flow flow channel, realize two-flow coolant flow mode, so that coolant can more effectively cool the fuel assembly of high-temperature area in reactor, improve the overall performance of reactor.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of nuclear engineering, and particularly relates to a prismatic high-temperature gas cooled reactor core structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] The high-temperature gas cooled reactor is an advanced fourth-generation reactor type using high containment coated particle dispersion type fuel, and the reactor core uses high-temperature resistant graphite moderation and chemically inert helium cooling, which can provide a high-quality industrial heat source of up to 950 DEG C or above. The high-temperature gas cooled reactor can be divided into two types of spherical bed and prismatic according to the core structure: the spherical bed uses spherical fuel, and the fuel spheres can be continuously discharged from the bottom of the reactor during operation; the prismatic uses columnar fuel elements inserted into graphite bricks to form fuel assemblies, and the fuel assemblies are stacked in turn to form a stable core.

[0003] The existing high-temperature gas cooled reactor type design adopts a single-flow flow and heat exchange mode, that is, the coolant enters the reactor and flows downward through the active zone to cool the core from the upper part of the core. For the prismatic high-temperature gas cooled reactor, the core is stacked in layers and zones by fuel assemblies, and the power and temperature of the core in the radial and axial directions are unevenly distributed. In order to protect the reactor pressure vessel and other in-core metal components, the fuel assemblies with higher power are often arranged in the central region of the core, and the fuel assemblies with lower power are arranged in the peripheral region of the core. At the same time, due to the longer heat conduction path in the central region of the core, the temperature of the fuel assemblies in this region is significantly higher than that of the fuel assemblies in the peripheral region of the core. The local high temperature in this region represents the highest temperature of the in-core fuel and is a key parameter for evaluating the integrity and safety of the fuel.

[0004] However, due to the single-flow mode of the existing high-temperature gas cooled reactor, the coolant flow allocated to the fuel assemblies in the central region of the core and the fuel assemblies in the peripheral region of the core is not much different, and the coolant cannot more effectively cool the high-temperature region in the core. In the local severe condition, not only the safety of the whole reactor is reduced, but also the further improvement of the outlet temperature of the reactor is limited. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a prismatic high-temperature gas cooled reactor core structure, which can construct a double-flow channel in the core and realize a two-flow mode of the coolant, so that the coolant can more effectively cool the fuel assemblies in the high-temperature region in the core, and improve the overall performance of the reactor.

[0006] The technical solution of the present application to solve the above technical problems is:

[0007] The application provides a prismatic high-temperature gas cooled reactor core structure, which comprises a core body, the core body comprises fuel assemblies, a reflection layer assembly, a gas collecting structure assembly and a bottom plate, the reflection assembly comprises an upper reflection layer, a central reflection layer, a side reflection layer and a lower reflection layer, the fuel assemblies are arranged outside the central reflection layer, the fuel assemblies are provided with first coolant channels and second coolant channels, the upper reflection layer is arranged at the upper portion of the fuel assemblies, the upper reflection layer is provided with a gas cavity, the gas cavity is in communication with the first coolant channels and the return channels respectively, the side reflection layer is arranged outside the fuel assemblies, the side reflection layer is provided with an ascending channel, the ascending channel is in communication with the second coolant channels through the return channels, the lower reflection layer is arranged at the lower portion of the fuel assemblies, the lower reflection layer is provided with first gas distribution channels and second gas distribution channels, the gas collecting structure assembly is arranged at the lower portion of the lower reflection layer, the gas collecting structure assembly is provided with an air inlet channel and a gas collecting channel, the bottom plate is arranged at the lower portion of the gas collecting structure assembly, the bottom plate is provided with an air inlet, a second air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is in communication with the air inlet channel, the second air inlet is in communication with the ascending channel, the air inlet channel is in communication with the first coolant channels through the first gas distribution channels, and the air inlet channel is used for feeding coolant, the gas collecting channel is in communication with the second coolant channels through the second gas distribution channels, and the air outlet is in communication with the gas collecting channel and used for discharging coolant.

[0008] Preferably, the fuel assemblies comprise I-zone fuel assemblies and II-zone fuel assemblies, the I-zone fuel assemblies are arranged outside the central reflection layer, the I-zone fuel assemblies are provided with first fuel channels, the first fuel channels are used for loading first fuel elements, the first coolant channels are arranged in the I-zone fuel assemblies and used for cooling the first fuel elements, the II-zone fuel assemblies are arranged outside the I-zone fuel assemblies, the II-zone fuel assemblies are provided with second fuel channels, the second fuel channels are used for loading second fuel elements, the second coolant channels are arranged in the II-zone fuel assemblies and used for cooling the second fuel elements, the return channels are formed between the side reflection layer, the upper reflection layer and the II-zone fuel assemblies, and the gas cavity and the ascending channel are in communication with the second coolant channels through the return channels.

[0009] Preferably, the I-zone fuel assemblies and the II-zone fuel assemblies have the same structure, and the heights of the I-zone fuel assemblies and the II-zone fuel assemblies are equal to the height of the central reflection layer.

[0010] Preferably, the number of the first coolant channels and the second coolant channels is multiple.

[0011] Preferably, the number of the air inlet channels and the first air distribution channels is the same as the number of the first coolant channels, and each air inlet channel is respectively communicated with a first coolant channel through a first air distribution channel.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the air inlet channel corresponding to the first air inlet is provided with an air inlet hole communicated with the first air inlet, and the other end of the air inlet channel corresponding to the first air distribution channel is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes, the number of the first air distribution channels is the same as the number of the first coolant channels, and each air outlet hole is respectively communicated with a first coolant channel through a first air distribution channel; or, the number of the air inlet channels is the same as the number of the first air inlets, one end of the first air distribution channel corresponding to the air inlet channel is provided with an air inlet hole communicated with the air inlet channel, and the other end of the first air distribution channel corresponding to the first coolant channel is provided with a plurality of air distribution holes, the number of the air distribution holes is the same as the number of the first coolant channels, and each air distribution hole is respectively communicated with a first coolant channel.

[0013] Preferably, the air collection channel comprises a main channel and a plurality of branch channels, wherein:

[0014] The number of the branch channels and the second air distribution channels is the same as the number of the second coolant channels, the top end of each branch channel is respectively communicated with a second coolant channel through a second air distribution channel, the bottom end of each branch channel is communicated with the main channel, and the main channel is communicated with the air outlet on the bottom plate; or, the top end of each branch channel is provided with a plurality of inlet and outlet holes, the total number of the inlet and outlet holes and the number of the second air distribution channels is the same as the number of the second coolant channels, each inlet and outlet hole is respectively communicated with a second coolant channel through a second air distribution channel; or, the number of the branch channels and the second air distribution channels is the same, one end of each second air distribution channel corresponding to the branch channel is provided with an inlet and outlet hole and is communicated with the branch channel one by one, the other end of the second air distribution channel corresponding to the second coolant channel is provided with a plurality of air distribution holes, the number of the air distribution holes is the same as the number of the second coolant channels, and each air distribution hole is respectively communicated with a first coolant channel.

[0015] Preferably, the air inlet channels and the air collection channels are arranged alternately.

[0016] Preferably, the structure further comprises a pressure vessel, and the core body is arranged in the pressure vessel.

[0017] Preferably, an in-core support member is arranged in the pressure vessel, and the core body is supported on the lower part of the pressure vessel through the in-core support member.

[0018] The pressure container is provided with a coolant inlet pipe and a coolant outlet pipe, the coolant inlet pipe is communicated with the first gas inlet and the second gas inlet respectively, and the coolant outlet pipe is communicated with the gas outlet.

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] The prismatic high-temperature gas cooled reactor core structure of the application, by means of fuel assembly partition and coolant flow channel arrangement planning, constructs double-flow flow channels in the core, realizes two-flow mode of the core coolant under normal operating conditions, improves the heat exchange efficiency of the coolant and the fuel assembly, is conducive to reducing the operating temperature of the fuel in the high-temperature region of the core, improves the safety of the entire core, and realizes natural circulation of the coolant in the reactor under loss-of-flow accident conditions, thereby effectively reducing the core temperature and relieving the accident process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the prismatic high-temperature gas cooled reactor core structure of the embodiment of the application;

[0022] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a coolant flow schematic diagram of the prismatic high-temperature gas cooled reactor core structure of the embodiment of the application under normal operating conditions;

[0023] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a coolant flow schematic diagram of the prismatic high-temperature gas cooled reactor core structure of the embodiment of the application under loss-of-flow accident conditions.

[0024] In the figure: 1, pressure container; 2, upper reflection layer; 3, central reflection layer; 4, I zone fuel assembly; 5, II zone fuel assembly; 6, side reflection layer; 7, lower reflection layer; 8, gas collecting structure assembly; 9, bottom plate; 10, in-core support member; 11, coolant outlet pipe; 12, coolant inlet pipe; 13, first gas inlet; 14, gas collecting channel; 15, gas inlet channel; 16, first gas distribution channel; 17, first coolant channel; 18, second coolant channel; 19, upward channel; 20, outlet; 21, return channel; 22, second gas inlet; 23, second gas distribution channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the application, the technical solutions in the application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings in the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the term "upper" and the like to indicate an orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the specified features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connect," "dispose," "install," "fix," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; they may refer to direct connection, indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor core structure, which is composed of stacked component bricks with similar structures, including a core body, which includes a fuel assembly, a reflector assembly, a gas collecting structure assembly 8, and a bottom plate 9. The reflector assembly includes an upper reflector 2, a central reflector 3, a side reflector 6, and a lower reflector 7, wherein:

[0031] The central reflector 3 is located at the center of the core body. The fuel assembly is arranged outside the central reflector 3. The fuel assembly is provided with a first coolant channel 17 and a second coolant channel 18.

[0032] The upper reflector 2 is provided on the upper part of the fuel assembly. An air cavity is provided in the upper reflector 2. The air cavity is connected to the first coolant channel 17 and the return channel respectively.

[0033] The side reflector 6 is provided on the outside of the fuel assembly. An ascending channel 19 is provided in the side reflector 6. The ascending channel 19 is connected to the second coolant channel 18 through a return channel.

[0034] The lower reflector 7 is arranged at the lower part of the fuel assembly, the first sub-gas passage 16 and the second sub-gas passage 23 are arranged in the lower reflector 7, the gas collecting structure assembly 8 is arranged at the lower part of the lower reflector 7, the gas collecting structure assembly 8 is arranged with the gas inlet passage 15 and the gas collecting passage 14, the bottom plate 9 is arranged at the lower part of the gas collecting structure assembly 8, the first gas inlet 13 and the second gas inlet 22 and the gas outlet are arranged on the bottom plate 9, the first gas inlet 13 is communicated with the gas inlet passage 15, the second gas inlet 22 is communicated with the upward passage 19, the gas inlet passage 15 is communicated with the first coolant passage 17 through the first sub-gas passage 16, and the first coolant passage 17 is used for passing in the coolant, the gas collecting passage 14 is communicated with the second coolant passage 18 through the second sub-gas passage 23, and the gas outlet is communicated with the gas collecting passage 14 and used for discharging the coolant.

[0035] According to the structure of the embodiment, the fuel assembly is divided into different zones, and the coolant flow channel is arranged and planned, so that the first flow channel composed of the gas inlet passage 15, the first sub-gas passage 16, the first coolant passage 17, the gas cavity and the upward passage 19 is formed in the reactor core, and the second flow channel composed of the second coolant passage 18, the second sub-gas passage 23 and the gas collecting passage 14 is formed in the reactor core, so that the coolant flow route entering the reactor is divided into different flows, the two-flow mode of the coolant is realized, the coolant can more effectively cool the fuel assembly in the high-temperature region of the reactor, and the overall performance of the reactor is improved.

[0036] Under normal working conditions, the coolant is divided into two routes, one route of the coolant (denoted as the first route one-flow coolant) is passed in from the first gas inlet 13 and flows upwards, sequentially passes through the gas inlet passage 15, the first sub-gas passage 16, the first coolant passage 17 and the gas cavity and then enters the return passage, the other route of the coolant (denoted as the second route one-flow coolant) is passed in from the second gas inlet 22 and flows upwards and directly passes through the upward passage 19 to enter the return passage, and the first route one-flow coolant and the second route one-flow coolant are mixed and stirred, then the mixed coolant (denoted as two-flow coolant) flows downwards, sequentially passes through the second coolant passage 18, the second sub-gas passage 23 and the gas collecting passage 14, is collected through the gas collecting passage 14 and finally is discharged from the gas outlet.

[0037] In the loss of flow accident condition, the core loses forced cooling, and the temperature difference caused by the heat of the fuel in the core causes the density difference of the coolant, which generates the driving force of natural circulation. The first route of coolant enters from the gas outlet on the bottom plate 9, passes through the gas collection channel 14, flows into the corresponding second coolant channel 18 through the second gas distribution channel 23 in the lower reflector 7, the second route of coolant enters from the first gas inlet 13 on the lower bottom plate of the reactor, passes through the gas inlet channel 15 in the gas collection structure assembly in the lower part of the core, flows into the corresponding first coolant channel 17 through the first gas distribution channel 16 in the lower reflector 7, and flows from bottom to top (opposite to gravity), the two routes of coolant are collected in the return channel, and then enter the ascending channel 19 in the side reflector 6, and flow downward along the ascending channel 19, and finally flow out through the second gas inlet 22 on the bottom plate 9, thereby forming the natural circulation in the core.

[0038] In some embodiments, the fuel assemblies include I-zone fuel assemblies 4 and II-zone fuel assemblies 5.

[0039] Specifically, the I-zone fuel assemblies 4 are fuel assemblies with higher fuel power, which are arranged outside the central reflector 3 and close to the central reflector 3, and are located in the central region of the core. The I-zone fuel assemblies 4 are provided with first fuel channels for loading first fuel elements, and the first coolant channels 17 are arranged in the I-zone fuel assemblies 4 for heat exchange (non-contact) between the first fuel elements and the coolant (first route of one-flow coolant) flowing through the first coolant channels 17, so as to cool the first fuel elements.

[0040] The II-zone fuel assemblies 5 are fuel assemblies with lower fuel power (at least lower than the I-zone fuel assemblies), which are arranged outside the I-zone fuel assemblies 4 and are located in the peripheral region of the core. The II-zone fuel assemblies 5 are provided with second fuel channels for loading second fuel elements, and the second coolant channels 18 are arranged in the II-zone fuel assemblies 5 for heat exchange (non-contact) between the second fuel elements and the coolant (second route of one-flow coolant) flowing through the second coolant channels 18, so as to cool the second fuel elements.

[0041] Further, the return channel 21 is formed between the side reflector 6, the upper reflector 2, and the II-zone fuel assemblies, and the gas cavity and the ascending channel 19 are communicated with the second coolant channel 18 through the return channel 21. The first route of one-flow coolant enters the return channel 21 from the gas cavity, and the second route of one-flow coolant enters the return channel 21 from the ascending channel 19. In the normal operation condition, the return channel 21 can collect and mix the first route of one-flow coolant and the second route of one-flow coolant. In the loss of flow accident condition, the return channel 21 can collect the coolant in the I-zone fuel assemblies 4 and the coolant in the II-zone fuel assemblies 5, and then discharge the coolant downward through the ascending channel 9.

[0042] The air cavity is located in the upper reflector 2 corresponding to the position of the fuel assembly 4 of the I area, and an outlet 20 is arranged in the upper reflector 2 corresponding to the position of the fuel assembly 5 of the II area, the air cavity communicates with the return channel 21 through the outlet 20, and the first flow of the coolant enters the return channel 21 through the outlet 20.

[0043] Under normal operating conditions, when the coolant just flows into the first inlet 13 and the second inlet 22, the temperature of the coolant is relatively low, and the coolant flows upward through the first flow channel, that is, the first flow is operated, wherein part of the coolant (that is, the first flow of the coolant) directly enters the first coolant channel 17 in the fuel assembly 4 of the I area, and is used to cool the fuel assembly of the I area with high power, and the other part of the coolant (that is, the second flow of the coolant) directly enters the ascending channel 19 in the side reflector 6, and is used to cool the side reflector 6. Since the side reflector 6 generally has a control rod, this part of the coolant can ensure that the control rod does not overheat, and at the same time, it can also ensure that the pressure vessel 1 (see below) outside the reflector assembly does not overheat. After the two parts of the coolant in the first flow are exchanged with the fuel assembly 4 of the I area and the side reflector 6 respectively, the temperature of the two parts of the coolant is increased to different degrees, and the two parts of the coolant in the first flow are mixed and stirred in the return channel 21, so that the two parts of the coolant in the first flow are mixed uniformly and then enter the second flow channel. The mixed coolant (that is, the second flow of the coolant) flows downward through the second flow channel, that is, the second flow is operated, the second flow of the coolant enters the second coolant channel of the fuel assembly 5 of the II area, and is used to cool the fuel assembly 5 of the II area with low power. After the second flow of the coolant exchanges heat with the fuel assembly 5 of the II area, the second flow of the coolant is collected into the gas collection channel 14 through the second gas distribution channel, and finally is discharged from the gas outlet on the bottom plate 9.

[0044] The temperature of the coolant in the first flow is relatively low, which is used to cool the fuel assembly 4 of the I area with high power and the control rod with a low temperature limit. The temperature of the coolant in the second flow is relatively high, which is used to cool the fuel assembly 5 of the II area with low power, which helps to flatten the temperature of the reactor core, improve the heat exchange efficiency between the coolant and the fuel assembly, reduce the operating temperature of the fuel in the high temperature region of the reactor core, and improve the safety of the entire reactor core.

[0045] In some more specific embodiments, the structure and size of the fuel assembly 4 of the I area and the fuel assembly 5 of the II area are the same, and the height of the fuel assembly 4 of the I area and the fuel assembly 5 of the II area is equal to the height of the central reflector 3. However, under normal operating conditions, the coolant in the fuel assembly 4 of the I area flows upward, and the coolant in the fuel assembly 5 of the II area flows downward. It can be seen that the inlet mode of the fuel assembly of the I area and the fuel assembly of the II area is different, and the flow directions of the coolants in the two are opposite; under the loss flow accident condition, the flow directions of the coolants in the two are the same.

[0046] In some more specific embodiments, the number of the first coolant channels 17 and the number of the second coolant channels 18 are both plural. The number of the intake channels 15 and the number of the first distribution channels 16 can be the same as the number of the first coolant channels 17 or can be different from the number of the first coolant channels 17.

[0047] Specifically, it can be that: the intake channels 15 and the first distribution channels 16 correspond to the first coolant channels 17 one by one, that is, the number of the intake channels 15 and the number of the first distribution channels 16 are both plural and are the same as the number of the first coolant channels 17, that the plurality of intake channels 15 respectively communicate with one first intake port 13, that is, the number of the first intake ports 13 on the bottom plate 9 is corresponding plurality, and that each intake channel 15 respectively communicates with one first coolant channel 17 through one first distribution channel 16. Under normal operating conditions, the coolant is distributed to each first coolant channel 17 in the I-zone fuel assembly 4 through the first distribution channel 16.

[0048] It can also be that: one end of the intake channel 15 corresponding to the first intake port 13 is provided with an intake hole, the intake hole corresponds to and communicates with the first intake port 13 one by one, and the other end of the intake channel 15 corresponding to the first distribution channel 16 is provided with a plurality of gas outlet holes, the number of the first distribution channels 16 is the same as the number of the first coolant channels 17, and the plurality of gas outlet holes respectively communicate with one first coolant channel 17 through the first distribution channel 16. That is, the intake channel 15 adopts a structure with one-to-multiple functions.

[0049] It can also be that: the number of the intake channels 15 is the same as the number of the first intake ports 13, that is, the intake channels 15 correspond to and communicate with the first intake ports 13 one by one, for example, the number of both is one, that one end of the first distribution channel 16 corresponding to the intake channel 15 is provided with an intake hole, the intake hole communicates with the intake channel 15, and that the other end of the first distribution channel 16 corresponding to the first coolant channel 17 is provided with a plurality of distribution holes, the number of the distribution holes is the same as the number of the first coolant channels 17, and each distribution hole respectively communicates with one first coolant channel 17. That is, the first distribution channel 16 adopts a structure with one-to-multiple functions.

[0050] It should be noted that in addition to the structure in which only the intake channel 15 adopts a structure with one-to-multiple functions or only the first distribution channel 16 adopts a structure with one-to-multiple functions as described above, the intake channel 15 and the first distribution channel 16 can also simultaneously adopt a structure with one-to-multiple functions, and other structures obtained by combining and transforming according to the above situation, which will not be described here one by one.

[0051] The gas collecting passage 14 comprises a main passage and a plurality of branch passages, the main passage is communicated with the gas outlet on the bottom plate 9, the bottom ends of the plurality of branch passages are communicated with the main passage, and the top ends of the plurality of branch passages are communicated with the second coolant passage 18 through the second gas distributing passage 23. The number of the branch passages and the second gas distributing passage 23 can be the same as or different from the number of the second coolant passage 18.

[0052] Specifically, the branch passage and the second gas distributing passage 23 can correspond to the first coolant passage 18 one by one, that is, the number of the branch passage and the second gas distributing passage is the same as the number of the second coolant passage 18, one inlet and outlet hole is arranged at one end (the top end) of each branch passage, and each branch passage is communicated with one second coolant passage 18 through one second gas distributing passage 23, the other end (the bottom end) of each branch passage is communicated with the main passage, the main passage is communicated with the gas outlet 13 on the bottom plate 9, and the coolant in each second coolant passage 18 in the fuel assembly 5 in the II zone is gradually collected into the main passage of the gas collecting passage 14 through the second gas distributing passage 23 under the normal operating condition.

[0053] Alternatively, a plurality of inlet and outlet holes are arranged at the top end of each branch passage, the total number of the inlet and outlet holes and the number of the second gas distributing passage 23 are the same as the number of the second coolant passage 18, and the plurality of inlet and outlet holes at the top end of each branch passage are respectively communicated with one second coolant passage 18 through one second gas distributing passage 23, that is, the branch passage adopts a structure with one-to-more function.

[0054] Alternatively, the number of the branch passage and the second gas distributing passage is the same as the number of the second coolant passage 18, one inlet and outlet hole is arranged at one end of the branch passage corresponding to each second gas distributing passage 23 and communicated with the branch passage one by one, a plurality of gas distributing holes are arranged at the other end of the second gas distributing passage 23 corresponding to the second coolant passage 18, the number of the gas distributing holes is the same as the number of the second coolant passage 18, and the plurality of gas distributing holes of each second gas distributing passage 23 are respectively communicated with one first coolant passage 17, that is, the second gas distributing passage 23 adopts a structure with one-to-more function.

[0055] It should be noted that, in addition to the structure that only the branch passage adopts a structure with one-to-more function or only the second gas distributing passage 23 adopts a structure with one-to-more function as described above, the branch passage and the second gas distributing passage 23 can also simultaneously adopt a structure with one-to-more function, and other structures obtained by combination and transformation according to the above situation, which will not be described here.

[0056] In some more specific embodiments, the gas inlet passage 15 is arranged between the gas collecting passage 14, and each gas inlet passage 15 and each gas collecting passage 14 do not interfere with each other and are respectively communicated with the upstream and downstream passages thereof.

[0057] In some embodiments, the structure further comprises a pressure vessel 1, and the reactor core body is arranged in the pressure vessel 1.

[0058] Specifically, the pressure vessel 1 is provided with an in-core support structure 10, on which the bottom plate 9 is mounted. The core is supported by the in-core support structure 10 at the bottom of the pressure vessel 1. The in-core support structure 10 also serves as a position limiter for the core. A coolant inlet conduit 12 and a coolant outlet conduit 11 are provided at the bottom of the pressure vessel 1. The coolant inlet conduit 12 communicates with the first air inlet 13 and the second air inlet, respectively, to allow coolant to enter. The coolant outlet conduit 11 communicates with the air outlet to discharge coolant.

[0059] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the pressure vessel 1 is provided with an opening at the bottom, and the air outlet on the bottom plate 9 is provided at the center of the bottom plate 9, specifically, it can be provided directly below the central reflective layer 3. The coolant outlet conduit 11 is provided through the bottom opening of the pressure vessel 1 and is communicated with the air outlet at the center of the bottom plate 9, so that an annular channel can be formed between the coolant outlet conduit 11 and the wall of the pressure vessel 1. The annular channel can serve as the coolant inlet conduit 12, which can avoid the need for a separately provided coolant inlet conduit, making the structure simpler.

[0060] The prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor core structure of this embodiment constructs dual-flow channels in the core through fuel assembly partitioning and coolant flow channel layout planning, realizing a two-flow flow mode of core coolant under normal operating conditions, improving the heat exchange efficiency between the coolant and the fuel assemblies, and being conducive to reducing the operating temperature of the fuel in the high-temperature area of ​​the reactor, improving the safety of the entire core, and realizing natural circulation of the coolant in the reactor under loss of flow accident conditions, thereby effectively reducing the core temperature and alleviating the accident process.

[0061] It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments for illustrating the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor core structure, characterized in that: The reactor core comprises a fuel assembly, a reflector assembly, a gas collecting structure assembly (8), and a base plate (9). The reflective layer assembly comprises an upper reflective layer (2), a central reflective layer (3), a side reflective layer (6), and a lower reflective layer (7). The fuel assembly is arranged outside the central reflector layer, and a first coolant channel (17) and a second coolant channel (18) are provided in the fuel assembly. The fuel assembly includes a zone I fuel assembly (4) and a zone II fuel assembly (5). The I-zone fuel assembly is arranged outside the central reflector. A first fuel channel is provided in the I-zone fuel assembly. The first fuel channel is used to load a first fuel element. The first coolant channel is provided in the I-zone fuel assembly for cooling the first fuel element. The zone II fuel assembly is arranged outside the zone I fuel assembly, and a second fuel channel is provided in the zone II fuel assembly. The second fuel channel is used to load a second fuel element, and the second coolant channel is provided in the zone II fuel assembly for cooling the second fuel element. The side reflection layer, the upper reflection layer, and the II zone fuel assembly together form a return channel (21). The upper reflective layer is provided on the upper part of the fuel assembly, and an air cavity is provided in the upper reflective layer. The air cavity is communicated with the first coolant channel and the return channel respectively, and is communicated with the second coolant channel through the return channel. The side reflection layer is arranged on the outside of the fuel assembly, and an ascending channel (19) is arranged in the side reflection layer. The ascending channel is connected to the second coolant channel through a return channel. The lower reflection layer is provided at the lower part of the fuel assembly, and a first gas separation channel (16) and a second gas separation channel (23) are provided in the lower reflection layer. The gas collection structure assembly is arranged at the lower part of the lower reflective layer, and an air inlet channel (15) and a gas collection channel (14) are provided in the gas collection structure assembly. The bottom plate is arranged at the lower part of the gas collecting structure assembly, and is provided with a first air inlet (13), a second air inlet (22), and an air outlet. The first air inlet is in communication with the air inlet channel, the second air inlet is in communication with the ascending channel, and the air inlet channel is in communication with the first coolant channel via the first air distribution channel for introducing coolant. The gas collecting channel is connected to the second coolant channel through the second gas distribution channel, and the gas outlet is connected to the gas collecting channel for discharging the coolant; Under normal operating conditions, the coolant in the fuel assembly in zone I flows upward, and the coolant in the fuel assembly in zone II flows downward. The fuel assemblies in zone I and zone II have different air intake methods, and the coolant flow directions in the two are opposite; under loss of flow accident conditions, the natural circulation flow directions of the coolant in the two are the same.

2. The prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor core structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the zone I fuel assembly and the zone II fuel assembly are the same, and the height of the zone I fuel assembly and the zone II fuel assembly are both equal to the height of the central reflective layer.

3. The prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor core structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are plural numbers of the first coolant channel and the second coolant channel.

4. The prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor core structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the intake channels and the first air distribution channels is the same as the number of the first coolant channels, and each intake channel is connected to a first coolant channel through a first air distribution channel.

5. The prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor core structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air inlet hole is provided on one end of the air inlet channel corresponding to the first air inlet, and the air inlet hole is communicated with the first air inlet. A plurality of air outlet holes are provided on the other end of the air inlet channel corresponding to the first air splitting channel, and the number of the first air splitting channels is the same as the number of the first coolant channels, and the plurality of air outlet holes are respectively communicated with one first coolant channel through the first air splitting channel; or The number of the air intake channels is the same as that of the first air intake ports. An air intake hole is provided at one end of the first air split channel corresponding to the air intake channel, and the air intake hole is connected to the air intake channel. A plurality of air split holes are provided at the other end of the first air split channel corresponding to the first coolant channel. The number of the air split holes is the same as that of the first coolant channels, and each air split hole is respectively connected to a first coolant channel.

6. The prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor core structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas collecting channel includes a main channel and multiple branch channels. The number of the branch channels and the second air distribution channels is the same as the number of the second coolant channels, the top of each branch channel is connected to one of the second coolant channels via a second air distribution channel, the bottom of each branch channel is connected to the main channel, and the main channel is connected to the air outlet on the bottom plate; or The top of each branch channel is provided with a plurality of inlet and outlet holes, the total number of the inlet and outlet holes and the number of the second air distribution channels are the same as the number of the second coolant channels, and each inlet and outlet hole is connected to one of the second coolant channels through one second air distribution channel; or The number of the branches and the second air distribution channels is the same, and an inlet and outlet hole is provided at one end of each second air distribution channel corresponding to the branch, and is connected to the branch one-to-one. A plurality of air distribution holes are provided at the other end of the second air distribution channel corresponding to the second coolant channel, and the number of the air distribution holes is the same as the number of the second coolant channels, and each air distribution hole is connected to a second coolant channel respectively.

7. The prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor core structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air intake channel and the air collecting channel are arranged alternately.

8. The prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor core structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure vessel (1), wherein the core body is arranged in the pressure vessel.

9. The prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactor core structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: An in-core support member (10) is provided in the pressure vessel, and the core body is supported on the lower part of the pressure vessel by the in-core support member; A coolant inlet conduit (12) and a coolant outlet conduit (11) are provided at the bottom of the pressure vessel. The coolant inlet conduit is communicated with the first air inlet and the second air inlet respectively, and the coolant outlet conduit is communicated with the air outlet.

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