A breeding method for colorful sweet and glutinous fresh-eating corn

Abstract

The invention discloses a breeding method for colorful sweet and sticky fresh corn, and belongs to the technical field of corn breeding. A breeding method for colorful sweet and sticky fresh corn mainly includes the following steps: step one, preparing a breeding matrix; step two, corn seed processing; step three, corn seed sowing; step four, recording the germination, growth and yield of the seeds; the invention adopts a launching method to make the corn seeds fall in a parabolic trajectory, which is convenient for screening the corn seeds, and the screening efficiency is fast, and a first buffer that can be soaked is provided in the collecting port of the seed sorting box, which can be used for buffering after screening the corn seeds to prevent the corn seeds from being damaged by impact, and the buffering effect of the first buffer can be used to facilitate the coating of the seeds, so that in the breeding process, it is convenient to record the growth conditions of corn seeds with different particle sizes, so that the data is more refined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of corn breeding, and in particular to a breeding method for colorful, sweet, sticky and fresh-eating corn. Background Art

[0002] Fresh corn refers to young corn with special flavor and quality, also known as fruit corn. Compared with ordinary corn, it is sweet, sticky, tender and fragrant. In terms of quality, it can be divided into sweet corn, super sweet corn, sweet sticky corn, etc. In terms of kernel color, it can be divided into black, purple, yellow, white, etc.

[0003] The purpose of fresh corn seed breeding is to select suitable corn seeds for sowing and planting. In order to select seeds suitable for seedling cultivation, the germination, growth and yield of seeds of different types need to be recorded during the breeding process. Currently, multiple batches of seedlings are carried out when raising seeds for seedling cultivation. During a single seedling cultivation, the experimental data is not recorded in a detailed manner due to the different sizes of corn seeds.

[0004] In order to screen out seeds of different particle sizes, the existing screening methods mostly use sieves with different mesh sizes, which require multiple screenings and have low screening efficiency. After seed selection and before sowing, the seeds need to be coated to facilitate seed preservation and pest control after sowing.

[0005] The existing coating device is to place the seeds in a mixing tank containing liquid medicine for mixing. The seeds are easily damaged by collision with the rotating mixing shaft, which further affects the germination and growth of the seeds. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, and to propose a breeding method for colorful sweet and glutinous fresh-eating corn.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A breeding method for colorful sweet and glutinous fresh-eating corn mainly comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Prepare the breeding matrix;

[0010] Mix peat ash, vermiculite, perlite, and add soil disinfectant to the mix;

[0011] Step 2: corn seed treatment;

[0012] First, the particle size of the corn seeds is screened to screen out corn seeds with different particle diameters;

[0013] Then the sieved seeds of different particle sizes are coated respectively;

[0014] Step 3: sowing corn seeds;

[0015] Place the selected corn seeds in warm water at 50-55℃ for germination, and then place the corn seeds in an environment at 35-40℃ to wait for the seeds to turn white;

[0016] Sow corn after the seeds turn white;

[0017] Step 4: Record the germination, growth and yield of seeds.

[0018] Preferably, step two includes multiple groups of parallel seed boxes and corn seed launching devices, the seed boxes include an upper collecting port and a lower seed collecting bucket, the seed boxes are located at the seed parabolic receiving place of the launching device, after the corn seeds are launched, corn seeds of different masses have different parabolic trajectories and fall into different seed boxes.

[0019] Preferably, a first buffer and a second buffer which are arranged obliquely on both sides of the collecting opening of the seed box, and the lower end of the second buffer faces the first buffer.

[0020] Preferably, the step three includes filling the first buffer with a coating solution.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes a medicine mixing barrel for storing coating liquid, the medicine mixing barrel is arranged in the seed box, and liquid guiding cotton is arranged in the first buffer, and the other end of the liquid guiding cotton is connected to the medicine mixing barrel.

[0022] Preferably, a drying air pipe is provided on the seed box, an air inlet end of the drying air pipe is externally connected to a high-pressure air pump through an air charging pipe, and a drying branch pipe is provided on the drying air pipe.

[0023] Preferably, the drying branch pipes are arranged obliquely, and there are four to five groups of the drying branch pipes, and the air outlets of the drying branch pipes face upward.

[0024] Preferably, a guide plate is provided between the material collection port and the seed collection hopper, the drying air pipe and the drying branch pipe are located at the lower end of the guide plate, and the lower end of the guide plate is located at the lower end of the first buffer, and an air guide port is provided between the lower end of the guide plate and the first buffer.

[0025] Preferably, a medicine supply device is provided in the medicine mixing barrel, and the medicine supply device is directed toward the uppermost drying branch pipe at one end away from the medicine mixing barrel.

[0026] Preferably, a fixing frame is provided inside the first buffer, and the liquid-conducting cotton is located at one end of the first buffer and is fixed in the fixing frame in a mesh shape.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a breeding method for colorful sweet and glutinous fresh-eating corn, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The parts not involved in the device are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by the prior art. The present invention adopts a launching method to make the corn seeds fall in a parabolic trajectory, which is convenient for screening the corn seeds and has a high screening efficiency. A first buffer that can be soaked is provided in the collecting port of the seed sorting box, which can provide buffering after the corn seeds are screened to prevent the corn seeds from being damaged by impact. The buffering effect of the first buffer can be used to coat the seeds, so that in the breeding process, it is convenient to record the growth conditions of corn seeds with different particle sizes, so that the data can be more refined. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a breeding method for colorful sweet and glutinous fresh-eating corn proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a seed separation box in a breeding method for colorful sweet and glutinous fresh corn proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a seed separation box in a breeding method for colorful sweet and glutinous fresh corn proposed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 A method for breeding colorful sweet glutinous fresh corn proposed by the present invention Figure 3 The structural diagram of part A in the figure;

[0033] Figure 5 A method for breeding colorful sweet glutinous fresh corn proposed by the present invention Figure 3 The structural diagram of part B;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid-conducting cotton in the breeding method of colorful sweet and glutinous fresh corn proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of an impeller cover of a breeding method for colorful sweet and glutinous fresh corn proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a suction piston in a breeding method for colorful sweet and sticky fresh corn.

[0037] In the figure: 1. Seed box; 101. Collecting port; 102. Guide plate; 1021. Drying air pipe; 1022. Inflating pipe; 1023. Drying branch pipe; 103. Seed collecting bucket; 104. Mixing barrel; 105. Mixing barrel; 106. Air guide port; 2. First buffer; 201. Second buffer; 202. Liquid guiding cotton; 203. Fixed frame; 204. Sliding floating block; 205. Long conductive block; 3. Liquid pump; 301. Electric Source connecting line; 3011, connecting wire; 302, liquid outlet pipe; 303, liquid extraction pipe; 304, impeller cover; 305, rotating impeller; 306, impeller shaft; 4, suction piston; 401, guide rod; 402, liquid outlet branch pipe; 4021, liquid outlet main pipe; 403, liquid extraction branch pipe; 4031, liquid extraction main pipe; 404, reciprocating screw; 405, connecting gear; 406, sliding piston; 5, mounting frame; 501, conveyor belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] Reference Figure 1-Figure 8 A breeding method for colorful sweet and glutinous fresh-eating corn mainly comprises the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Prepare the breeding matrix;

[0042] Mix peat ash, vermiculite, and perlite, and add a soil disinfectant such as carbendazim to the mix;

[0043] Step 2: corn seed treatment;

[0044] First, the particle size of the corn seeds is screened to screen out corn seeds with different particle diameters;

[0045] In the existing screening method, since the screening times using the screen are many and the efficiency is very low, the present application has made the following improvements: a launching device is used to launch corn seeds, and the corn seeds fall in a parabola under the action of their own gravity and the launching speed. According to different seed weights, the parabolic trajectory of the movement is different to screen out seeds of different particles. Based on this method, the present application adopts multiple groups of parallel seed boxes 1 and a group of corn seed launching devices. The seed box 1 includes an upper collecting port 101 and a lower seed collecting bucket 103. The seed box 1 is located at the seed parabola receiving position of the launching device. After the corn seeds are launched, corn seeds of different masses have different parabolic trajectories and fall into different seed boxes 1 to complete the screening of the corn;

[0046] Since corn seeds are easily damaged if they directly collide with the inner wall of the seed box 1 during the parabola falling process, a first buffer 2 and a second buffer 201 are provided on both sides of the collecting opening 101 of the seed box 1 to reduce the impact force when the corn seeds fall. The lower end of the second buffer 201 faces the first buffer 2. The corn seeds falling from the second buffer 201 will first fall on the first buffer 2, and then fall into the seed collecting bucket 103 under the guidance of the first buffer 2.

[0047] The first buffer 2 and the second buffer 201 are made of soft cloth or sponge, wherein a fixed frame 203 is provided inside the first buffer 2 as a skeleton support of the first buffer 2, and the liquid-conducting cotton 202 is located at one end of the first buffer 2 and is fixed in the fixed frame 203 in a mesh shape to improve the liquid-conducting effect of the liquid-conducting cotton 202;

[0048] The seeds of different granules are coated respectively. Specifically, the coating components are arranged in the seed sorting box 1, that is, a mixing barrel 104 for storing the coating liquid is arranged in the seed sorting box 1, and the first buffer 2 is a material that is easy to be wetted, such as a sponge or a cloth. A liquid-conducting cotton 202 is arranged in the first buffer 2, and the other end of the liquid-conducting cotton 202 is connected to the coating liquid in the mixing barrel 104. The liquid-conducting cotton 202 is used to absorb the coating liquid in the mixing barrel 104 to the first buffer 2;

[0049] When the seeds fall on the first buffer 2, the seeds are affected by the impact force, so that the seeds squeeze the first buffer 2 and deform, so that the seeds contact the first buffer 2, and the liquid medicine infiltrated in the first buffer 2 adheres to the surface of the seeds, so as to achieve coating of the corn seeds;

[0050] When the corn seeds are guided along the first buffer 2 and enter the seed collecting hopper 103, a drying structure is provided in the seed sorting box 1 to dry the coating liquid moistened on the surface of the corn seeds, that is, a drying air pipe 1021 is provided on the seed sorting box 1, and the air inlet end of the drying air pipe 1021 is connected to an external high-pressure air pump through an air charging pipe 1022, and a drying branch pipe 1023 is provided on the drying air pipe 1021, so that when the corn seeds fall through the drying branch pipe 1023, the moisture of the coating liquid on the outer surface is dried by air;

[0051] The drying branch pipes 1023 are inclined, and there are four to five groups of drying branch pipes 1023. The air outlets of the drying branch pipes 1023 face upward. When the corn seeds pass through the drying branch pipes 1023, they are decelerated by the wind, which reduces the impact force of the corn seeds when they contact the seed collecting bucket 103. The corn seeds with reduced falling speed will have a longer contact time with the gas, which further improves the air drying effect.

[0052] Since the gas moves upward, a guide plate 102 is further provided between the collecting port 101 and the seed collecting hopper 103, a drying air pipe 1021 and a drying branch pipe 1023 are located at the lower end of the guide plate 102, and the lower end of the guide plate 102 is located at the lower end of the first buffer 2, and an air guide port 106 is provided between the lower end of the guide plate 102 and the first buffer 2, and the dry gas will directly move upward through the air guide port 106, and the gas will impact the coating liquid in the first buffer 2. When the coating liquid is infiltrated in the first buffer 2, part of it will gradually accumulate at the lower end of the first buffer 2 under the action of its own gravity, and the gas will cause the coating liquid to bubble, and part of the coating liquid will be entrained to move upward, and when the gas is discharged again, it will pass through the first buffer 2, and the entrained liquid will contact the upper first buffer 2 again to promote the coverage concentration of the coating in the first buffer 2;

[0053] In order to improve the coating effect on the surface of corn seeds, a drug supply device is provided in the drug mixing barrel 104. The end of the drug supply device away from the drug mixing barrel 104 is directed toward the uppermost drying branch pipe 1023. When the coating liquid enters the drying branch pipe 1023, it is blown by the high-pressure gas, so that the coating liquid contacts the corn seeds with the flow of the gas, and further coats the seeds.

[0054] Step 3: sowing corn seeds;

[0055] Place the selected corn seeds in warm water at 50-55℃ for germination, and then place the corn seeds in an environment at 35-40℃ to wait for the seeds to turn white;

[0056] Sow corn after the seeds turn white;

[0057] Step 4: Record the germination, growth and yield of seeds to select corn seeds suitable for cultivation.

[0058] Embodiment 2:

[0059] Reference Figure 1-Figure 8 , a breeding method for colorful sweet and glutinous fresh corn, the launching device in step S2 includes a conveyor belt 501, referring to Figure 1 , corn seeds to be screened are added in batches at the upper right end of the conveyor belt 501, and the conveyor belt 501 continuously transports the corn seeds to the left, applying the same initial velocity in the horizontal direction to the corn seeds, and when the corn seeds separate from the conveyor belt 501, the corn seeds begin to move in a parabolic trajectory;

[0060] Specifically, the conveyor belt 501 is installed on the seed box 1 through the mounting frame 5.

[0061] Embodiment 3:

[0062] Reference Figure 1-Figure 8A breeding method for colorful sweet and glutinous fresh corn, wherein a drug mixing barrel 105 is arranged in a seeding box 1, an end of a liquid guiding cotton 202 away from a first buffer 2 extends to the bottom of the drug mixing barrel 105, a liquid pump 3 is fixedly connected to the seeding box 1, a liquid outlet pipe 302 of the liquid pump 3 is communicated with the bottom of the drug mixing barrel 105, and a liquid pump pipe 303 of the liquid pump 3 is communicated with a drug mixing barrel 104;

[0063] The liquid pump 3 is connected with a power connection line 301, which includes two connection wires 3011. A sliding float 204 is slidably connected in the mixing barrel 105. A long conductive block 205 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mixing barrel 105. The sliding float 204 and the long conductive block 205 are respectively connected to the two connection wires 3011.

[0064] When the coating liquid in the mixing barrel 105 is adsorbed into the first buffer 2 by the liquid-conducting cotton 202, the coating liquid in the mixing barrel 105 is reduced, so that the sliding float 204 moves downward, so that the sliding float 204 and the long conductive block 205 are in contact. At this time, according to the descending speed of the sliding float 204, the resistance passing through the long conductive block 205 can be adjusted, that is, the greater the descending distance, the smaller the resistance, and at this time, the corresponding rotation speed of the liquid pump 3 is faster, that is, the liquid supply efficiency of the mixing barrel 105 is faster, so as to continuously supply the coating liquid to the first buffer 2;

[0065] The medicine supply device in step S2 includes a suction piston 4 connected to the seed box 1, a guide rod 401 is provided in the suction piston 4, a sliding piston 406 is slidably connected in the suction piston 4, both ends of the sliding piston 406 are provided with a liquid outlet branch pipe 402 and a liquid extraction branch pipe 403, a liquid outlet main pipe 4021 is provided at the connection point of the two liquid outlet branches 402, the liquid outlet main pipe 4021 faces the uppermost dry branch pipe 1023, and an atomizing nozzle is provided at one end of the liquid outlet main pipe 4021 located at the dry branch pipe 1023, a liquid extraction main pipe 4031 is provided at the connection point of the two liquid extraction branches 403, the liquid extraction main pipe 4031 is connected to the medicine mixing barrel 104, and a one-way valve is provided in the liquid extraction branch pipe 403 and the liquid outlet branch pipe 402;

[0066] A reciprocating screw 404 is provided in the suction piston 4, and the reciprocating screw 404 is threadedly connected to the sliding piston 406. When the reciprocating screw 404 rotates, it drives the sliding piston 406 to slide back and forth in the suction piston 4, and the coating liquid in the mixing barrel 104 is pumped to the uppermost drying branch pipe 1023;

[0067] It should be noted that the driving method of the reciprocating screw rod 404 is that an impeller cover 304 is provided on the liquid outlet pipe 302, a rotating impeller 305 is rotatably connected inside the impeller cover 304, an impeller shaft 306 is fixedly connected to the rotating impeller 305, and a connecting gear 405 is provided on the impeller shaft 306 and the reciprocating screw rod 404, and the two connecting gears 405 are connected through a sprocket;

[0068] That is, when the liquid pump 3 is working, the flow of the coating liquid will drive the rotating impeller 305 to rotate, and then drive the reciprocating screw 404 to slide through the impeller shaft 306 and the connecting gear 405;

[0069] It should be noted that when the first buffer 2 is coating the corn seeds, the more corn seeds there are, the more coating liquid is consumed, and the fewer corn seeds there are, the less coating liquid is consumed. The coating liquid in the first buffer 2 is replenished by the mixing barrel 105, that is, at this time, according to the amount of coating liquid consumed in the mixing barrel 105, the amount of corn seeds sorted and coated can be known, so that the drug supply device can release different amounts of coating liquid according to the amount of seeds, so as to improve the seed coating effect and prevent the shortage or excess of coating liquid;

[0070] In this way, the coating liquid blown away by the wind during the drying process will also return to the first buffer 2 through the air guide port 106 for reuse;

[0071] The present invention adopts a launching method to make corn seeds fall in a parabolic trajectory, which is convenient for screening corn seeds and has a high screening efficiency. A first buffer 2 that can be soaked is provided in the collecting port 101 of the seed sorting box 1, which can provide buffering after the corn seeds are screened to prevent the corn seeds from being damaged by impact. The buffering effect of the first buffer 2 can be used to coat the seeds, so that in the breeding process, it is convenient to record the growth conditions of corn seeds of different particle sizes, making the data more refined.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding colorful sweet and glutinous fresh-eating corn, characterized in that: The main steps include: Step 1: Prepare the breeding matrix; Mix peat ash, vermiculite, perlite, and add soil disinfectant to the mix; Step 2: corn seed treatment; First, the particle size of the corn seeds is screened to screen out corn seeds with different particle diameters; Then the sieved seeds of different particle sizes are coated respectively; Step 3: sowing corn seeds; Place the selected corn seeds in warm water at 50-55℃ for germination, and then place the corn seeds in an environment at 35-40℃ to wait for the seeds to turn white; Sow corn after the seeds turn white; Step 4: Record the germination, growth and yield of seeds; The second step uses multiple sets of parallel seed boxes and corn seed launching devices for screening and coating. The seed boxes include an upper collecting port and a lower seed collecting bucket. The seed boxes are located at the seed parabola receiving position of the launching device. After the corn seeds are launched, corn seeds of different qualities have different parabolic trajectories and fall into different seed boxes. A first buffer and a second buffer are provided on both sides of the collecting opening of the seed box. The first buffer is a material that is easy to soak, and the lower end of the second buffer faces the first buffer. The first buffer is filled with a coating liquid; A medicine mixing barrel is arranged in the seed box, and a coating medicine solution is stored in the medicine mixing barrel. Liquid-conducting cotton is arranged in the first buffer, and a fixing frame is arranged in the first buffer. One end of the liquid-conducting cotton is located in the first buffer and is fixed in the fixing frame in a mesh shape, and the other end of the liquid-conducting cotton is in communication with the medicine mixing barrel. The seed box is provided with a drying air pipe, the air inlet end of the drying air pipe is connected to an external high-pressure air pump through an air charging pipe, and the drying air pipe is provided with a drying branch pipe; The drying branch pipes are arranged obliquely, and there are four to five groups of the drying branch pipes, and the air outlets of the drying branch pipes face upwards; A guide plate is also provided between the material collection port and the seed collection hopper, the drying air pipe and the drying branch pipe are located at the lower end of the guide plate, and the lower end of the guide plate is located at the lower end of the first buffer, and an air guide port is provided between the lower end of the guide plate and the first buffer.

2. The breeding method of colorful sweet and glutinous fresh-eating corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: A medicine supply device is arranged in the medicine mixing barrel, and an end of the medicine supply device away from the medicine mixing barrel is directed toward the uppermost drying branch pipe.

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