A large tonnage broaching machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-tonnage broaching machine, comprising: a bed, provided with a bed platform, the bed platform is provided with a processing hole, the bed platform is provided with two guide pillars symmetrically relative to the processing hole, and two main oil cylinders are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the processing hole; a tool lifting device, including an upper tool clamp, a tool lifting cylinder for driving the upper tool clamp to lift and lower, and an adjustment mechanism for driving the tool lifting cylinder to lift and lower, the upper tool clamp is located on the upper side of the processing hole and is coaxial with it, the upper tool clamp is clamped with a broach, and the tool lifting device also includes an adjustment cylinder for driving the adjustment mechanism to lift and lower; a main slide plate, located on the lower side of the bed platform, connected to the output ends of the two main oil cylinders, the main slide plate is provided with a sliding hole matching the guide pillar, and the main slide plate is provided with a lower tool clamp coaxial with the processing hole; the central axes of the two guide pillars, the central axes of the processing hole, and the two force centers of the two main oil cylinders corresponding to the main slide plate are coplanar. The invention can meet the adjustment of tools with a large length range, and has high processing accuracy and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vertical broaching machines, in particular to a large-tonnage broaching machine. Background Art

[0002] Vertical broaching machines are a type of processing equipment widely used by machinery manufacturing companies, such as broaching through holes of various geometric shapes. The broaching machine is equipped with a tool lifting and feeding device. The traditional tool lifting and feeding device usually needs to have two functions, one is to realize the lifting and feeding of the tool, and the other is to realize the adjustment of the height of the upper tool clamp used to clamp the top of the tool in the initial state before processing, so as to cope with the adjustment of tools of different lengths. When replacing a short tool, the upper tool clamp needs to be lowered in the initial state before processing. When replacing a long tool, the upper tool clamp needs to be raised in the initial state before processing, so that there is appropriate space between the upper tool clamp and the bed platform (where the workpiece is placed) to install the broach. However, the traditional tool lifting and feeding device usually has a relatively small adjustment stroke, which cannot meet the adjustment of tools with a large length range, and has a narrow scope of application.

[0003] In addition, most existing broaching machines use dovetail guides with flat and inclined guide plates. During processing, there are irreversible force arms between the driving force, supporting guides, and processing force points, which produces a subversion torque. This causes the workpiece to overcome its own deformation during processing while also being affected by the deformation of the equipment, thereby reducing the processing accuracy and stability. For large-tonnage broaching machines, the impact of the subversion torque is more obvious. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a large-tonnage broaching machine that can meet the adjustment of tools with a large length range and has high processing accuracy and stability.

[0005] A large-tonnage broaching machine according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0006] The bed is provided with a bed platform in the middle of the height direction, the bed platform is provided with a processing hole penetrating vertically, two guide pillars extending vertically and symmetrically with respect to the processing hole are provided at the lower side of the bed platform, and two main oil cylinders are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the processing hole on the bed platform;

[0007] The knife-lifting device comprises an upper knife clamp, a knife-lifting oil cylinder for driving the upper knife clamp to rise and fall, and an adjusting mechanism for driving the knife-lifting oil cylinder to rise and fall, which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The upper knife clamp is located on the upper side of the processing hole and is coaxial with it. The upper knife clamp is equipped with a broach. The knife-lifting device also comprises an adjusting oil cylinder, and the output end of the adjusting oil cylinder is connected to the adjusting mechanism to drive the adjusting mechanism to rise and fall.

[0008] A main slide plate is located at the lower side of the bed platform and is connected to the output ends of the two main oil cylinders to realize lifting and lowering activities. The main slide plate is provided with sliding holes matching the two guide pillars to lift and lower along the guide pillars. The main slide plate is provided with a lower tool holder coaxial with the processing hole.

[0009] Wherein, the adjusting cylinder is arranged on the main slide, and the central axes of the two guide pillars, the central axes of the processing holes, and the two force centers of the two main cylinders corresponding to the main slide are all coplanar.

[0010] The large-tonnage broaching machine according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0011] In view of the use of broaches of different lengths, an adjustment mechanism and an adjustment cylinder are additionally provided for the adjustment and replacement of the tool, so that the two steps of tool adjustment and tool lifting are respectively performed by different devices. In the initial state before processing, by adjusting the cylinder to drive the adjustment mechanism to rise and fall and the adjustment mechanism to drive the tool lifting cylinder to rise and fall, the initial height of the tool lifting cylinder can be adjusted, that is, the initial height of the upper tool holder can be adjusted, so as to meet the installation and use of broaches of different lengths. Since the adjustment cylinder and the adjustment mechanism are used for adjustment, the adjustment stroke is the sum of the adjustment strokes of the adjustment cylinder and the adjustment mechanism. The cooperation of the two can achieve the adjustment of broaches with a large length range, thereby improving the applicability of the equipment. In addition, by making the central axis of the two guide columns, the central axis of the processing hole (corresponding to the workpiece processing force center), and the two force centers of the two main cylinders corresponding to the main slide plate all coplanar, so as to form a highly symmetrical layout with five centers coplanar, the instability factor caused by the overturning torque during processing can be eliminated, thereby improving the processing accuracy and the stability of the overall structure during processing.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a vertically extending guide rail is provided on the bed, and an auxiliary slide plate, a first mounting seat, and a second mounting seat are slidably mounted on the guide rail. The upper tool clamp, the knife lifting cylinder, and the adjustment mechanism are respectively mounted on the auxiliary slide plate, the first mounting seat, and the second mounting seat.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the output shaft of the adjusting cylinder is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, a support seat is provided on the top of the connecting rod, the second mounting seat is provided with a first through-hole and is sleeved on the connecting rod through the first through-hole, and the bottom end of the second mounting seat is supported against the upper surface of the support seat.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the auxiliary slide plate is provided with a second vertically penetrating through-hole, and the output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder can be relatively vertically slidably penetrated through the second through-hole, and the output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder is provided with a first limiting structure for supporting and limiting the auxiliary slide plate on the lower side of the second through-hole, and a first spring for applying a downward elastic force to the auxiliary slide plate is sleeved on the upper side of the second through-hole.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder is provided with a first abutment ring on the upper side of the auxiliary slide plate, and the upper and lower ends of the first spring respectively abut against the first abutment ring and the auxiliary slide plate.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the adjustment mechanism includes a driving member, a trapezoidal screw driven to rotate by the driving member, and a nut sleeve threadably matched with the trapezoidal screw, and the nut sleeve is connected to the first mounting seat.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a third through-hole extending vertically through is provided on the first mounting seat, and the nut sleeve can be relatively vertically slidably inserted into the third through-hole, and a second limiting structure for supporting and limiting the first mounting seat is provided on the lower side of the third through-hole of the nut sleeve, and a second spring for applying a downward elastic force to the first mounting seat is provided on the upper side of the third through-hole.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the third perforated peripheral wall is provided with a limit groove extending outward, the limit groove is open at both upper and lower ends, and a limit block is connected to the peripheral wall of the nut sleeve, the limit block can be embedded in the limit groove for relative vertical sliding, and the limit groove is used to cooperate with the limit block to limit the rotation of the nut sleeve relative to the first mounting seat.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the bed platform is provided with a chip flushing structure for spraying cooling water onto the broach to clean the waste chips on the broach, and the bottom of the bed is provided with a chip removal mechanism for receiving the waste chips generated by broaching and transporting them to the outside of the bed.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an oil tank is provided on one side of the bed, and the oil tank is connected to the two master cylinders through a hydraulic control system, and the hydraulic control system includes:

[0021] At least two parallel main pump groups, each comprising a servo motor and an internal gear pump driven by the servo motor, wherein the oil inlet of the internal gear pump is connected to the oil tank;

[0022] The control valve group is used to control the oil at the oil outlet of the internal gear pump to enter the upper chamber or the lower chamber of the master cylinder, and to control the oil in the upper chamber or the lower chamber of the master cylinder to flow back into the oil tank.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0025] Figure 1 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-tonnage broaching machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of a large-tonnage broaching machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the knife lifting and feeding device and the main slide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention (before processing);

[0028] Figure 4 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a knife lifting and feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a first mounting seat and an auxiliary sliding plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first mounting seat and the nut sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a base and a chip removal structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the hydraulic control system, the oil tank and the master cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 Enlarged schematic diagram at point A in the middle.

[0034] Figure Number:

[0035] Bed 100, guide rail 101, base 102, protective cover 103, guide sleeve 104, chip guide plate 105, bed platform 110, processing hole 111, guide column 120, main oil cylinder 130, auxiliary slide plate 140, second through hole 141, first mounting seat 150, third through hole 151, limiting groove 152, second mounting seat 160, first through hole 161, first sensing device 162, chip removal mechanism 170, oil tank 180;

[0036] The knife lifting device 200, the broach 201, the upper knife clamp 210, the knife lifting cylinder 220, the first limiting structure 221, the first spring 222, the first abutting ring 223, the step surface 224, the adjustment mechanism 230, the driving member 231, the trapezoidal screw rod 232, the nut sleeve 233, the second limiting structure 234, the second spring 235, the limiting block 236, the second abutting ring 237, the washer 238, the adjustment cylinder 240, the connecting rod 241, and the support seat 242;

[0037] Main slide plate 300, lower knife clamp 310;

[0038] Hydraulic control system 400, main pump group 410, servo motor 411, internal gear pump 412, pressure sensor 413, control valve group 420, first directional valve 421, first directional function control plug-in 4211, first directional function control cover plate 4212, first two-position four-way solenoid valve 4213, second directional valve 422, second directional function control plug-in 4221, second directional function control cover plate 4222, second two-position four-way solenoid valve 4223, third directional valve 423, third directional function control plug-in 4231, third directional function control cover plate 4232, third two-position four-way solenoid valve 4233, Shuttle valve 4234, back pressure valve 424, first pressure function control plug-in 4241, first overflow function control cover plate 4242, fifth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4243, first overflow valve 4244, hydraulically controlled one-way valve 425, fourth direction function control plug-in 4251, fourth direction function control cover plate 4252, fourth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4253, one-way valve 426, fifth direction function control plug-in 4261, one-way function control cover plate 4262, filter 427, safety overflow valve 428, second pressure function control plug-in 4281, second overflow function control cover plate 4282, second overflow valve 4283. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as orientation or positional relationship indicated as up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means more than two. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0043] Reference Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a large-tonnage broaching machine according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a bed 100 , a tool lifting and feeding device 200 , and a main slide plate 300 .

[0044] A bed platform 110 is provided in the middle part of the bed 100 in the height direction, and the bed platform 110 is provided with a vertically penetrating processing hole 111. It can be foreseen that the large-tonnage broaching machine of this embodiment is also provided with a loading mechanism for loading materials into the processing hole 111; specifically, two guide columns 120 extending vertically and symmetrically relative to the processing hole 111 are provided on the lower side of the bed platform 110, and two main oil cylinders 130 are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the processing hole 111 on the bed platform 110. The main oil cylinder 130 is vertically arranged, and its piston rod moves downward to extend and moves upward to retract.

[0045] The knife lifting device 200 includes an upper tool clamp 210, a knife lifting cylinder 220, and an adjustment mechanism 230 which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The upper tool clamp 210 is located on the upper side of the processing hole 111 and is coaxial therewith. The upper tool clamp 210 is clamped with a broach 201. It can be understood that the upper tool clamp 210 can clamp or release the broach 201. In the initial state before processing, the broach 201 is higher than the bed platform 110, which is convenient for loading. The output end of the knife lifting cylinder 220 is connected to the upper tool clamp 210 to drive the upper tool clamp 210 to rise and fall, thereby driving the broach 201 clamped on the upper tool clamp 210 to rise and fall, and realizing the lifting of the broach 201. It should be noted that in the initial state before processing, the output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder 220 is retracted. The adjustment mechanism 230 has an output end and is connected to the knife lifting cylinder 220, so as to drive the knife lifting cylinder 220 to rise and fall. It is understandable that when the knife lifting cylinder 220 rises and falls under the drive of the adjustment mechanism 230, the upper knife clamp 210 can rise and fall synchronously therewith. In addition, the knife lifting device 200 also includes an adjustment cylinder 240, and the output end of the adjustment cylinder 240 is connected to the adjustment mechanism 230, so as to drive the adjustment mechanism 230 to rise and fall. It is understandable that when the adjustment mechanism 230 rises and falls under the drive of the adjustment cylinder 240, the knife lifting cylinder 220 can rise and fall synchronously therewith; it is obvious that the adjustment cylinder 240 bears the weight of the adjustment mechanism 230, the knife lifting cylinder 220, and the upper knife clamp 210.

[0046] The main slide 300 is located on the lower side of the bed platform 110. The main slide 300 is connected to the output ends of the two main oil cylinders 130 (i.e., the lower ends of their piston rods), and can be lifted and lowered under the drive of the two main oil cylinders 130. The main slide 300 is provided with sliding holes matching the two guide columns 120 so as to be lifted and lowered along the guide columns 120. The guide columns 120 provide guidance for the lifting and lowering of the main slide 300. The main slide 300 is provided with a lower tool clamp 310 coaxial with the machining hole 111, which is used to clamp the bottom of the broach 201. It can be understood that the lower tool clamp 310 can clamp or release the broach 201.

[0047] Among them, the adjustment cylinder 240 is arranged on the main slide 300. When the main slide 300 is lifted or lowered under the drive of the main cylinder 130, it can drive the adjustment mechanism 230, the knife lifting cylinder 220, and the upper knife clamp 210 to be lifted or lowered synchronously.

[0048] In addition, the central axes of the two guide pillars 120, the central axes of the machining holes 111 (corresponding to the workpiece machining force center), and the two force centers of the two main oil cylinders 130 corresponding to the main slide 300 are all coplanar, forming a highly symmetrical layout with five centers coplanar. During machining, the force arms formed between the two main oil cylinders 130 and the two guide pillars 120 and the workpiece machining force center can offset each other, that is, the instability factors caused by the overturning torque are eliminated, thereby improving the machining accuracy and the stability of the overall structure during machining.

[0049] Specifically, in the present embodiment, before processing, the broach 201 is clamped on the upper tool clamp 210 so that the bottom end of the broach 201 is higher than the bed platform 110 to facilitate loading. This is the initial state. Then the workpiece is loaded to the processing hole 111 and aligned with it. After loading, the upper tool clamp 210 is driven by the tool lifting cylinder 220 to move downward to escort the broach 201 until the bottom end of the broach 201 passes through the workpiece and is clamped into the lower tool clamp 310 on the main slide 300. The bottom of the broach 201 is clamped by the lower tool clamp 310. Then the main cylinder 130 drives the main slide 300 to move downward, driving the adjusting mechanism 230, the tool lifting cylinder 220, and the upper tool clamp 210 to move downward synchronously, so as to use the broach 201 to broach the workpiece. When it moves down to a certain extent, in order to avoid Interference, the tool lifting cylinder 220 drives the upper tool clamp 210 to move upward, so that the top of the broach 201 is separated from the upper tool clamp 210, and the upper tool clamp 210 stops escorting, while the main slide 300 continues to drive the broach 201 to move downward until the broaching is completed; after broaching, the workpiece is unloaded, and then the broach 201 needs to be moved up to the upper side of the bed platform 110 for the next processing. At this time, the broach 201 is driven up by the main slide 300, and then the tool lifting cylinder 220 drives the upper tool clamp 210 to move downward, and the top of the broach 201 is clamped by the upper tool clamp 210, and the lower tool clamp 310 releases the tool, and then the upper tool clamp 210 is driven upward by the tool lifting cylinder 220 to lift the broach 201, so that the broach 201 moves up to the upper side of the bed platform 110. During the processing, the lifting and feeding of the broach 201 is achieved by the lifting and feeding cylinder 220, which is stable and reliable and suitable for lifting and feeding heavy broaches 201; and the adjustment cylinder 240 and the adjustment mechanism 230 are only activated when adjusting and replacing broaches 201 of different lengths.

[0050] It is understandable that, in view of the use of broaches 201 of different lengths, that is, in order to ensure that there is enough space between the upper tool holder 210 and the bed platform 110 in the initial state before processing to install the broach 201, the present embodiment further provides an adjustment mechanism 230 and an adjustment cylinder 240 for adjusting and replacing the tool, so that the tool adjustment and tool lifting steps are performed by different devices respectively. In the initial state before processing, the adjustment cylinder 240 drives the adjustment mechanism 230 to rise and fall, and the adjustment mechanism 230 drives the tool lifting cylinder 220 to rise and fall, so that the tool lifting can be realized. The adjustment of the initial height of the oil cylinder 220, that is, the adjustment of the initial height of the upper tool holder 210, is achieved to meet the installation and use of broaches 201 of different lengths. Since the present embodiment adopts two devices, the adjustment oil cylinder 240 and the adjustment mechanism 230, for adjustment, the adjustment stroke is the sum of the adjustment strokes of the adjustment oil cylinder 240 and the adjustment mechanism 230. The cooperation of the two can achieve the adjustment of broaches 201 with a large length range, thereby improving the applicability of the equipment. Obviously, the use of the adjustment oil cylinder 240 and the adjustment mechanism 230 is divided into two sections for adjustment, which is conducive to structural layout. In addition, by making the central axes of the two guide pillars 120, the central axes of the processing holes 111 (corresponding to the workpiece processing force center), and the two force centers of the main slide 300 corresponding to the two main oil cylinders 130 all coplanar, so as to form a highly symmetrical layout with five coplanar centers, the unstable factors caused by the subversion torque during processing can be eliminated, thereby improving the processing accuracy and the stability of the overall structure during processing.

[0051] In some embodiments, in order to prevent debris from remaining on the broach 201 and affecting the subsequent processing of the workpiece, a tool brush device as shown in application number CN202010920618.5 may also be provided, so that the tool brush device can switch its position and is arranged on the bed platform 110. During broaching, the tool brush device is moved to a position avoiding the processing path. After broaching, the tool brush device is moved to align with the processing hole 111. Thereafter, when the broach 201 is lifted, the tool brush device is used to clean the debris on the broach 201. Obviously, many other forms in the prior art may also be used to brush the broach 201, which will not be elaborated here.

[0052] In some embodiments, a base 102 is provided at the bottom of the bed 100, and a guide column 120 is provided between the bed platform 110 and the base 102. The bed 100 is provided with a semi-enclosed protective cover 103 on the side of the bed platform 110, and the bottom end of the protective cover 103 extends to the base 102 to prevent waste chips from splashing; a pneumatically controlled protective door is provided at the front end of the protective cover 103 to facilitate internal observation and maintenance.

[0053] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, it can be understood that two vertically extending guide rails 101 are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the upper side of the bed platform 110 on the bed 100, and an auxiliary slide plate 140, a first mounting seat 150, and a second mounting seat 160 are slidably installed on the guide rail 101. The auxiliary slide plate 140, the first mounting seat 150, and the second mounting seat 160 are arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the upper tool clamp 210, the knife lifting cylinder 220, and the adjustment mechanism 230 are respectively installed on the auxiliary slide plate 140, the first mounting seat 150, and the second mounting seat 160 to provide guidance for the lifting and lowering activities of the upper tool clamp 210, the knife lifting cylinder 220, and the adjustment mechanism 230.

[0054] Specifically, the auxiliary slide 140, the first mounting seat 150, and the second mounting seat 160 are all slidably installed on the slide rail through a slider, the output end of the adjusting cylinder 240 is connected to the second mounting seat 160, the output end of the adjusting mechanism 230 is connected to the first mounting seat 150, and the output end of the knife lifting cylinder 220 is connected to the auxiliary slide 140; further, two adjusting cylinders 240 are provided, symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the main slide 300.

[0055] In some specific embodiments, a first buffer block is provided at the upper end of the auxiliary slide 140 for buffering against the lower end of the first mounting seat 150 to prevent the auxiliary slide 140 from being damaged by a hard collision with the first mounting seat 150 when the knife lifting cylinder 220 drives the auxiliary slide 140 to move upward; a second buffer block is provided at the upper end of the first mounting seat 150 for buffering against the lower end of the second mounting seat 160 to prevent the first mounting seat 150 from being damaged by a hard collision with the second mounting seat 160 when the adjustment mechanism 230 drives the first mounting seat 150 to move upward; it can be imagined that the first buffer block and the second buffer block can both be made of elastic materials such as rubber.

[0056] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it can be understood that the output shaft of the adjusting cylinder 240 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 241, and a support seat 242 is provided on the top of the connecting rod 241. The second mounting seat 160 is provided with a first through hole 161 and is sleeved on the connecting rod 241 through the first through hole 161. The bottom end of the second mounting seat 160 is supported on the upper surface of the support seat 242, so that the second mounting seat 160 is placed on the support seat 242, so that the second mounting seat 160 and the connecting rod 241 are non-rigidly connected, so that during the drawing process, the vibration of the main slide 300 transmitted to the second mounting seat 160 via the adjusting cylinder 240 and the connecting rod 241 can be reduced, that is, the vibration of the adjusting mechanism 230 on the second mounting seat 160 and other devices connected to the adjusting mechanism 230 can be reduced, thereby extending their service life.

[0057] Specifically, when the second mounting seat 160 needs to be moved upward relative to the main slide 300, the output shaft of the adjustment cylinder 240 extends, the support seat 242 pushes the second mounting seat 160 upward, and drives the first mounting seat 150 and the auxiliary slide 140 to move upward synchronously. When the second mounting seat 160 needs to be moved downward relative to the main slide 300, the output shaft of the adjustment cylinder 240 retracts, and the second mounting seat 160, the first mounting seat 150 and the auxiliary slide 140 move downward synchronously using gravity. In addition, when the adjustment cylinder 240 is not working and the main slide 300 moves downward, due to the connection support of the connecting rod 241, the second mounting seat 160, the first mounting seat 150 and the auxiliary slide 140 will move downward synchronously with the main slide 300 due to gravity, so that the upper tool holder 210 can fully escort the broach 201 during the processing process, thereby improving the stability during processing.

[0058] It is understandable that the connecting rod 241 is relatively long. To avoid damage or misalignment, a guide sleeve 104 is provided on the bed 100 for the connecting rod 241 to pass through. The guide sleeve 104 is slidably matched with the connecting rod 241 .

[0059] Furthermore, a first sensing device 162 is provided on the second mounting seat 160 for detecting the upward sliding of the second mounting seat 160 relative to the connecting rod 241. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first sensing device 162 adopts a first proximity switch, and the first proximity switch is connected to the control system. When it detects that the second mounting seat 160 slides upward relative to the connecting rod 241, it sends a signal to the control system. The control system controls the equipment to stop working, so as to avoid the second mounting seat 160 sliding upward relative to the connecting rod 241 and disengaging from the connecting rod 241 due to operating errors by the operator, thereby improving the safety performance of the equipment.

[0060] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, it can be understood that the auxiliary slide plate 140 is provided with a second through hole 141 that passes vertically, and the output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder 220 can be relatively vertically slidably penetrated in the second through hole 141, and the output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder 220 can be detachably provided with a first limiting structure 221 for supporting the limiting auxiliary slide plate 140 at the lower side of the second through hole 141 to prevent the auxiliary slide plate 140 from moving downward relative to the output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder 220 and falling, and the output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder 220 is removably provided at the lower side of the second through hole 141. The upper side sleeve of 41 is provided with a first spring 222 for applying a downward elastic force to the auxiliary slide plate 140, so that the connection between the output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder 220 and the auxiliary slide plate 140 is a flexible connection. If the operator makes an operating error, resulting in the auxiliary slide plate 140 being subjected to an upward impact force, the first spring 222 can provide a certain buffer to prevent damage to the knife lifting cylinder 220; in addition, the first spring 222 also has a reset function. When the fault is eliminated, the first spring 222 can reset the auxiliary slide plate 140.

[0061] It is understandable that the first limiting structure 221 can be in various forms, such as pins, nuts, etc., which are commonly used in the prior art. This embodiment is based on providing sufficient supporting strength and will not be elaborated here.

[0062] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the auxiliary slide plate 140 is also provided with a corresponding second sensing device. Specifically, the second sensing device adopts a second proximity switch for detecting the sliding of the auxiliary slide plate 140 relative to the output axis of the knife lifting cylinder 220, and sending a signal to the control system to stop the equipment from working to avoid damage to the equipment.

[0063] Reference Figure 5 As shown, it can be understood that the output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder 220 is provided with a first abutment ring 223 on the upper side of the auxiliary slide plate 140, and the upper and lower ends of the first spring 222 are respectively abutted against the first abutment ring 223 and the auxiliary slide plate 140 to provide force support for the first spring 222.

[0064] Specifically, the first abutment ring 223 is sleeved on the output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder 220. The output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder 220 has a step surface 224, which is used to abut and limit the upper surface of the first abutment ring 223, thereby providing force support for the upper end of the first spring 222. The structure is simple and easy to install.

[0065] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, it can be understood that the adjustment mechanism 230 includes a driving member 231, a trapezoidal lead screw 232 driven to rotate by the driving member 231, and a nut sleeve 233 threadedly matched with the trapezoidal lead screw 232. The driving member 231 is installed on the second mounting seat 160, and a motor can be used. The trapezoidal lead screw 232 is rotatably arranged on the second mounting seat 160 and driven to rotate by the driving member 231. The trapezoidal lead screw 232 is vertically arranged, and the nut sleeve 233 is threadedly matched with the trapezoidal lead screw 232, and the nut sleeve 233 is connected to the first mounting seat 150, so that the trapezoidal lead screw 232 is driven to rotate by the driving member 231, so as to drive the first mounting seat 150 to rise and fall through the nut sleeve 233. Since the structure of the trapezoidal lead screw 232 itself has a self-locking function, it can reduce the risk of falling during the tool lifting and adjustment process, and has high safety. Obviously, the adjustment mechanism 230 in this embodiment adopts the trapezoidal lead screw 232, which can be used for tool adjustment and also has a self-locking anti-falling function. It cooperates with the adjusting cylinder 240 to achieve tool adjustment, which can not only achieve the adjustment of tools with a large length range, but also improve the safety of the equipment. It can be understood that the reason why the present embodiment does not only use the trapezoidal screw rod 232 for adjustment is that when the length range of the broach 201 spans a large range, only using the trapezoidal screw rod 232 for adjustment means that the length of the trapezoidal screw rod 232 will also be very long. Then, when the main slide 300 drives the broach 201 to move down to broach the workpiece, since the adjusting mechanism 230 will also follow the decline, the trapezoidal screw rod 232 is very easy to interfere with the large workpiece, and the speed of adjustment using only the trapezoidal screw rod 232 is relatively slow. In addition, if only the adjusting cylinder 240 is used for adjustment, its size and weight will be very large, which is not only inconvenient to layout, but also will increase the load when the main slide 300 is raised and lowered, increasing the risk of equipment damage. The adjustment cylinder 240 cooperates with the adjusting mechanism 230 using the trapezoidal screw rod 232 to weaken the above-mentioned shortcomings.

[0066] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, it can be understood that a third through-hole 151 is provided on the first mounting seat 150, and the nut sleeve 233 can be relatively vertically slidably penetrated in the third through-hole 151, and the nut sleeve 233 is provided with a second limiting structure 234 for supporting and limiting the first mounting seat 150 on the lower side of the third through-hole 151, and a second spring 235 for applying a downward elastic force to the first mounting seat 150 is provided on the upper side of the third through-hole 151, so that the connection between the first mounting seat 150 and the nut sleeve 233 is a flexible connection. If the operator makes an operating error, resulting in the first mounting seat 150 being subjected to an upward impact force, the second spring 235 can provide a certain buffer to prevent damage to the nut sleeve 233 and the trapezoidal lead screw 232; in addition, the second spring 235 has a reset function, and when the fault is eliminated, the second spring 235 can reset the first mounting seat 150. Specifically, the second limiting structure 234 is a flange fixed to the peripheral wall of the nut sleeve 233 and protruding outward. This is a conventional structure and will not be described in detail here, provided that it can provide sufficient supporting force.

[0067] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first mounting seat 150 is also correspondingly provided with a third sensing device. Specifically, the third sensing device adopts a third proximity switch, which is used to detect the upward sliding of the first mounting seat 150 relative to the nut sleeve 233, and can send a signal to the control system to stop the equipment from working and avoid damage to the equipment.

[0068] It is understandable that in the present embodiment, when the output shaft of the adjusting cylinder 240 is in an extended state, there is a certain distance between the auxiliary slide plate 140 and the first mounting seat 150. At this time, if the auxiliary slide plate 140 is subjected to an upward impact force, the first spring 222 acts as a buffer; and when the output shaft of the adjusting cylinder 240 is in a retracted state, the auxiliary slide plate 140 and the first mounting seat 150 are in contact with each other. At this time, if the auxiliary slide plate 140 is subjected to an upward impact force, it will be transmitted to the first mounting seat 150, and the second spring 235 will act as a buffer.

[0069] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, it can be understood that the third through hole 151 is provided with a limiting groove 152 that penetrates outwards, and the limiting groove 152 is open at both ends, and the limiting block 236 is connected to the peripheral wall of the nut sleeve 233, and the limiting block 236 can be relatively vertically slidably embedded in the limiting groove 152, and the limiting groove 152 is used to cooperate with the limiting block 236 to limit the rotation of the nut sleeve 233 relative to the first mounting seat 150, so that it can be transmitted to the nut sleeve 233 through the trapezoidal screw rod 232 to drive the first mounting seat 150 to rise and fall. Specifically, the limiting block 236 is connected to the nut sleeve 233 through a fastener.

[0070] In some specific embodiments, a second abutment ring 237 is detachably provided on the nut sleeve 233 for abutting against the upper end of the second spring 235. A washer 238 is also movably provided on the nut sleeve 233. The washer 238 is located between the second spring 235 and the first mounting seat 150, and its upper and lower ends are respectively used to abut against the second spring 235 and the first mounting seat 150.

[0071] It is understandable that the bed platform 110 is provided with a chip flushing structure for spraying cooling water to the broach 201 to clean the waste chips on the broach 201 to avoid affecting the broaching accuracy; obviously, the broach 201 can also be cooled during chip flushing. It is understandable that the water outlet end of the chip flushing structure needs to be lower than the workpiece processing position.

[0072] It can be imagined that the chip flushing structure can adopt a combination structure of a cooling water pump and a cooling water pipe, and the cooling water pump is used to pump cooling water, which is sprayed toward the broach 201 through the cooling water pipe to flush the waste chips; of course, the chip flushing structure can also adopt other types of structures. For example, in the present embodiment, the chip flushing structure includes a cooling pump, a cooling chamber, and a water spray port. The water inlet of the cooling pump is connected to the cooling water source. The bed platform 110 is provided with a workbench, and a processing hole 111 passes through the workbench (the workpiece is placed on the upper side of the workbench during processing). The cooling chamber is arranged inside the workbench and surrounds the processing hole 111. The cooling chamber is connected to the water outlet of the cooling pump. A plurality of water spray ports are provided and are arranged around the processing hole 111. The water spray ports connect the cooling chamber and the processing hole 111. When flushing chips, the cooling pump pumps cooling water into the cooling chamber, and then sprays it out through the water spray port to flush the waste chips on the broach 201 passing through the processing hole 111. Since the cooling chamber and the water spray port are both arranged around the processing hole 111, the chip flushing and cooling are more uniform.

[0073] Further, see Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, a chip removal mechanism 170 is provided at the bottom of the bed 100 for receiving the waste chips generated by broaching and transporting them to the outside of the bed 100 so as to centrally process the waste chips. Specifically, the chip removal mechanism 170 adopts a conveyor belt assembly, one end of which extends into the base 102, and the other end is located on the outside of the bed 100. A downward concave cavity is provided at the upper end of the base 102, and the concave cavity is located directly below the machining hole 111. A chip guide plate 105 is obliquely provided at the bottom of the concave cavity for guiding the waste chips to the conveyor belt of the conveyor belt assembly. Thereafter, the conveyor belt of the conveyor belt assembly can transport the waste chips to the outside of the bed 100. The conveyor belt assembly is a very common structure in the field of material transportation, and its structure and principle are not described in detail herein.

[0074] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, it can be understood that an oil tank 180 is provided on one side of the bed 100 , and the oil tank 180 is connected to the two main cylinders 130 through a hydraulic control system 400 . The hydraulic control system 400 includes at least two parallel main pump groups 410 and a control valve group 420 .

[0075] Each main pump group 410 includes a servo motor 411 and an internal gear pump 412, and the internal gear pump 412 is driven by the servo motor 411. The two are connected by a coupling and installed on the oil tank 180 through a bracket, wherein the oil inlet of the internal gear pump 412 is connected to the oil tank 180 for pumping oil; the servo motor 411 adopts an embedded permanent magnet servo motor with high control accuracy, and a short-term overload of more than 2 times at 80% of the rated speed; a pressure sensor 413 is provided at the oil outlet end of the internal gear pump 412, and the servo motor 411 is connected to a driver for controlling its output. The driver adjusts the output of the servo motor 411 according to the detection signal of the pressure sensor 413, thereby realizing pressure closed-loop control and improving the safety and stability of the system during operation.

[0076] The control valve group 420 is used to control the oil from the oil outlet of the internal gear pump 412 to enter the upper chamber or the lower chamber of the master cylinder 130, and to control the oil from the upper chamber or the lower chamber of the master cylinder 130 to flow back into the oil tank 180, thereby controlling the action of the master cylinder 130. It should be noted that when the piston rod of the master cylinder 130 extends downward, the broach 201 performs a broaching action, and when the piston rod of the master cylinder 130 retracts upward, the broach 201 performs a return action.

[0077] In this embodiment, an internal gear pump 412 is provided to provide the pressure oil source required by the main oil cylinder 130. The internal gear pump 412 has the characteristics of small output flow pulsation and low noise, and can provide better stability and reliability for the broaching machine. Compared with the load-sensitive plunger pump that is widely used in the prior art, the pressure and flow proportional control is cancelled, and the temperature rise and noise of the system are greatly reduced. Due to the lower temperature rise, there is no need to configure a high-power oil cooler, thereby reducing energy consumption. In addition, a servo motor 411 is provided to drive the internal gear pump 412. By utilizing the working characteristics of the servo motor 411, the servo motor 411 is stopped during the manual loading and unloading of the broaching machine and other auxiliary control times other than "broaching" and "returning", thereby reducing energy consumption and achieving energy saving effects.

[0078] Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, it can be understood that an oil supply line L1 is connected between the upper chamber of the master cylinder 130 and the internal gear pump 412, and an oil return line L2 is connected between the master cylinder 130 and the oil tank 180, an oil supply line L3 is connected between the lower chamber of the master cylinder 130 and the internal gear pump 412, and an oil return line L4 is connected between the master cylinder 130 and the oil tank 180, and the control valve group 420 includes a first directional valve 421 connected to the oil supply line L1, a second directional valve 422 connected to the oil return line L2, a third directional valve 423 connected to the oil supply line L3, and a back pressure valve 424 connected to the oil return line L4, which are respectively used to connect or cut off the oil supply line L1, the oil return line L2, the oil supply line L3, and the oil return line L4, wherein the back pressure valve 424 can provide back pressure for the lower chamber of the master cylinder 130 to discharge oil when the oil return line L4 is connected; specifically, the broach 2 When the broaching action is performed, the first directional valve 421 is connected to the oil supply line L1, the back pressure valve 424 is connected to the oil return line L4, the second directional valve 422 cuts off the oil return line L2, and the third directional valve 423 cuts off the oil supply line L3. The oil at the oil outlet end of the internal gear pump 412 passes through the first directional valve 421 and enters the upper chamber of the main cylinder 130, driving its piston rod to extend, driving the broach 201 to move downward to perform the broaching action, and the main The oil in the lower chamber of the oil cylinder 130 flows back to the oil tank 180 through the back pressure valve 424. The back pressure valve 424 provides a certain back pressure for the oil discharge from the lower chamber of the main oil cylinder 130, thereby reducing the vibration during the broaching action and improving the broaching accuracy. When the broaching tool 201 of the broaching machine makes a return action, the oil supply line L3 and the oil return line L4 are connected, the oil supply line L1 and the oil return line L2 are cut off, and the lower chamber of the main oil cylinder 130 is filled with oil and the upper chamber is discharged.

[0079] Furthermore, the lower chamber of the main oil cylinder 130 is connected with an oil circuit L5, and the main oil cylinder 130 is connected to the oil supply circuit L3 and the oil return circuit L4 through the oil circuit L5. The control valve group 420 also includes a hydraulically controlled one-way valve 425, which is connected to the oil circuit L5, and its oil outlet end is connected to the lower chamber of the main oil cylinder 130, and its oil inlet end is connected to the oil supply circuit L3 and the oil return circuit L4. When the broaching tool 201 performs a return action, the hydraulically controlled one-way valve 425 opens in the forward direction, and oil with a certain pressure flows into the oil circuit L5 through the oil supply circuit L3, and enters the lower chamber of the main oil cylinder 130 through the hydraulically controlled one-way valve 425. In this process, the hydraulically controlled one-way valve 425 can play a reverse cut-off role, thereby maintaining the system pressure; and when the broaching tool 201 of the broaching machine performs a broaching action, the hydraulically controlled one-way valve 425 opens in the reverse direction to allow the oil discharged from the lower chamber of the main oil cylinder 130 to pass through.

[0080] Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, it can be understood that the first directional valve 421 is composed of a first directional function control plug-in 4211, a first directional function control cover plate 4212, and a first two-position four-way solenoid valve 4213. The second directional valve 422 is composed of a second directional function control plug-in 4221, a second directional function control cover plate 4222, and a second two-position four-way solenoid valve 4223. The third directional valve 423 is composed of a third directional function control plug-in 4231, a third directional function control cover plate 4232, and a third two-position four-way solenoid valve 4233. The hydraulically controlled one-way valve 425 is composed of a fourth directional function control plug-in 4251, a fourth directional function control cover plate 4252, and a fourth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4253. The back pressure valve 424 is composed of a first pressure function control plug-in 4241, a first overflow function control plug-in 4242, and a second two-position four-way solenoid valve 4243. The controllable cover plate 4242 and the fifth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4243 are combined. The first direction function control plug-in 4211, the second direction function control plug-in 4221, the third direction function control plug-in 4231, the fourth direction function control plug-in 4251 and the first pressure function control plug-in 4241 are all cartridge valves and are all inserted on the first valve block provided with an oil circuit inside. The oil supply circuit L1, the oil return circuit L2, the oil supply circuit L3, the oil return circuit L4 and the oil circuit L5 are all at least partially located in the first valve block. It can be understood that the cartridge valve has excellent characteristics such as strong flow capacity, low cost and convenient disassembly and assembly. Therefore, the servo hydraulic control system 400 of the present embodiment adopts the above-mentioned cartridge structure can meet the large flow requirements of large-tonnage broaching machines, and has many advantages such as low use cost and convenient maintenance. In this embodiment, the first direction function control plug-in 4211, the second direction function control plug-in 4221, the third direction function control plug-in 4231, and the first pressure function control plug-in 4241 all use cartridge valves with an area ratio of 14.3:1, and the fourth direction function control plug-in 4251 uses a cartridge valve with an area ratio of 2:1.

[0081] Specifically, the first direction function control plug-in 4211 is connected to the oil supply circuit L1, the first direction function control cover plate 4212 is installed on the first direction function control plug-in 4211 and is internally connected, the first two-position four-way solenoid valve 4213 is installed on the first direction function control cover plate 4212 and is internally connected, when the electromagnet of the first two-position four-way solenoid valve 4213 is powered off, the oil inlet of the first direction function control plug-in 4211 is connected to its control oil port, and the oil inlet and oil outlet of the first direction function control plug-in 4211 are cut off to cut off the oil supply circuit L1, when the electromagnet of the first two-position four-way solenoid valve 4213 is powered on, the control oil port of the first direction function control plug-in 4211 is connected to the oil tank 180, and the oil inlet and oil outlet of the first direction function control plug-in 4211 are connected to connect the oil supply circuit L1.

[0082] The second direction function control plug-in 4221 is connected to the return oil circuit L2, the second direction function control cover 4222 is installed on the second direction function control plug-in 4221 and is internally connected, the second two-position four-way solenoid valve 4223 is installed on the second direction function control cover 4222 and is internally connected, the second two-position four-way solenoid valve 4223 controls the opening and closing of the second direction function control plug-in 4221 to realize the opening and closing of the return oil circuit L2, and its principle is the same as that of the first direction valve 421, which will not be repeated here.

[0083] The third directional function control plug-in 4231 is connected to the oil supply oil path L3, the third directional function control cover plate 4232 is installed on the third directional function control plug-in 4231 and is internally connected, the third two-position four-way solenoid valve 4233 is installed on the third directional function control cover plate 4232 and is internally connected, and the third directional function control cover plate 4232 is also inserted with a shuttle valve 4234 and is internally connected. When the electromagnet of the third two-position four-way solenoid valve 4233 is powered off, the third directional function control plug-in The oil inlet and oil outlet of 4231 are connected to the control oil port of the third directional function control plug-in 4231 through the shuttle valve 4234. The oil inlet and oil outlet of the third directional function control plug-in 4231 are cut off to cut off the oil supply circuit L3. When the electromagnet of the third two-position four-way solenoid valve 4233 is energized, the control oil port of the third directional function control plug-in 4231 is connected to the oil tank 180, and the oil inlet and oil outlet of the third directional function control plug-in 4231 are connected to connect the oil supply circuit L3.

[0084] The fourth direction function control plug-in 4251 is connected to the oil circuit L5, the fourth direction function control cover plate 4252 is installed on the fourth direction function control plug-in 4251 and is internally connected, and the fourth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4253 is installed on the fourth direction function control cover plate 4252 and is internally connected. When the electromagnet of the fourth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4253 is powered off, the oil outlet of the fourth direction function control plug-in 4251 is connected to the control oil port, so that the one-way oil flow from the oil inlet to the oil outlet of the fourth direction function control plug-in 4251 can be realized, but the oil cannot flow from the oil outlet of the fourth direction function control plug-in 4251 to the control oil port. Oil inlet, when the electromagnet of the fourth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4253 is energized, the control oil port of the fourth directional function control plug-in 4251 is connected to the oil tank 180. Since the area ratio of the fourth directional function control plug-in 4251 is 2:1, the reverse flow of oil from the oil outlet to the oil inlet of the fourth directional function control plug-in 4251 can be achieved; obviously, when the main oil cylinder 130 does not need to move, the electromagnet of the fourth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4253 can be powered off. At this time, the oil cannot flow from the oil outlet to the oil inlet of the fourth directional function control plug-in 4251, that is, the oil path L5 is cut off, which can prevent the piston rod of the main oil cylinder 130 from falling.

[0085] The first pressure function control plug-in 4241 is connected to the oil circuit L4, the first overflow function control cover plate 4242 is installed on the first pressure function control plug-in 4241 and is internally connected, the fifth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4243 is installed on the first overflow function control cover plate 4242 and is internally connected, the first overflow function control cover plate 4242 is plugged with the first overflow valve 4244 and is internally connected, the inlet of the first overflow valve 4244 is connected to the control oil port of the first pressure function control plug-in 4241, and the outlet is connected to the fifth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4243, and the fifth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4243 is also connected to the oil tank 180 connection, when the fifth two-position four-way solenoid is powered off, the oil from the oil inlet of the first pressure function control plug-in 4241 to the control oil port is kept under pressure in the control oil port, and the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the first pressure function control plug-in 4241 are cut off, and when the fifth two-position four-way solenoid is powered on, the outlet of the first relief valve 4244 is connected to the oil tank 180, and the pressure of the control oil port of the first pressure function control plug-in 4241 can be controlled by adjusting the operating handle of the first relief valve 4244 to realize the overflow function, and the oil can flow from the oil inlet of the first pressure function control plug-in 4241 to the oil outlet, while bearing a certain back pressure.

[0086] Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, it can be understood that the control valve group 420 also includes at least two parallel one-way valves 426 corresponding to the internal gear pump 412 one by one, and the oil inlet of the one-way valve 426 is connected to the oil outlet of the corresponding internal gear pump 412, and the oil outlet ends of all the one-way valves 426 are connected to the oil supply oil circuit L1 and the oil supply oil circuit L3 through the oil circuit L6. By setting the one-way valve 426, it is prevented that the oil flows back into the internal gear pump 412 and causes damage to it. Specifically, the oil passes through the internal gear pump 412 and the one-way valve 426, and then the oil of multiple one-way valves 426 merges and flows to the oil supply oil circuit L1 and the oil supply oil circuit L3 through the oil circuit L6. In this embodiment, two one-way valves 426 and two internal gear pumps 412 are set.

[0087] Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, it can be understood that a filter 427 is connected to the oil circuit L6 to filter the oil.

[0088] Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, it can be understood that the oil tank 180 is connected to the oil supply oil circuit L1 and the oil supply oil circuit L3 through the overflow oil circuit L7, and the control valve group 420 also includes a safety overflow valve 428 arranged on the overflow oil circuit L7. The safety overflow valve 428 is provided to ensure the safety pressure of the system oil supply.

[0089] Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, it can be understood that the one-way valve 426 is composed of a fifth direction function control plug-in 4261 and a one-way function control cover plate 4262, and the safety relief valve 428 is composed of a second pressure function control plug-in 4281 and a second relief function control cover plate 4282. The fifth direction function control plug-in 4261 and the second pressure function control plug-in 4281 are both cartridge valves and are both inserted on the second valve block with an oil circuit inside. The oil circuit L6 and the relief oil circuit L7 are at least partially located in the second valve block. Similarly, the above-mentioned cartridge structure can meet the large flow requirements of large-tonnage broaching machines, and has many advantages such as low cost of use and convenient maintenance. In some embodiments, the filter 427 is also installed on the second valve block, and the second valve block is connected to the first valve block through an external pipeline. The second valve block can be installed on the oil tank 180, and the first valve block can be installed on the bed 100 near the main oil cylinder 130, so as to have a reasonable layout and convenient management.

[0090] Specifically, the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the fifth direction function control plug-in 4261 are respectively connected to the corresponding oil outlet of the internal gear pump 412 and the oil circuit L6, the one-way function control cover 4262 is installed on the fifth direction function control plug-in 4261 and is internally connected, and the oil outlet of the fifth direction function control plug-in 4261 is connected to the control oil port of the fifth direction function control plug-in 4261 through the one-way function control cover 4262, so that the oil can only flow from the oil inlet of the fifth direction function control plug-in 4261 to the oil outlet. The second pressure function control plug-in 4281 is connected to the overflow oil circuit L7, the second overflow function control cover 4282 is installed on the second pressure function control plug-in 4281, the second overflow function control cover 4282 is inserted with the second overflow valve 4283 and is internally connected, the inlet of the second overflow valve 4283 is connected to the control oil port of the second pressure function control plug-in 4281, the oil from the oil inlet of the second pressure function control plug-in 4281 to the control oil port acts on the inlet of the second overflow valve 4283, and the pressure of the control oil port of the second pressure function control plug-in 4281 can be controlled by adjusting the operating handle of the second overflow valve 4283 to realize the overflow control function.

[0091] In this embodiment, when the broach 201 performs the broaching action, the piston rod of the main oil cylinder 130 moves downward, oil enters its upper chamber and oil is discharged from its lower chamber, the electromagnets of the first two-position four-way solenoid valve 4213, the fourth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4253, and the fifth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4243 are energized, and the electromagnets of the second two-position four-way solenoid valve 4223 and the third two-position four-way solenoid valve 4233 are de-energized, and the oil flows through the internal gear pumps 412 and the one-way valve 426 and then merges into the upper chamber of the main oil cylinder 130 through the first directional valve 421, and the oil in the lower chamber of the main oil cylinder 130 flows back to the oil tank 180 through the hydraulically controlled one-way valve 425 and the back pressure valve 424.

[0092] When the broach 201 makes a return movement, the electromagnets of the second two-position four-way solenoid valve 4223 and the third two-position four-way solenoid valve 4233 are energized, and the electromagnets of the first two-position four-way solenoid valve 4213, the fourth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4253, and the fifth two-position four-way solenoid valve 4243 are de-energized. After the oil is merged through the internal gear pumps 412 and the one-way valve 426, it enters the lower chamber of the main cylinder 130 through the third directional valve 423 and the hydraulically controlled one-way valve 425. The oil in the upper chamber of the main cylinder 130 flows back to the oil tank 180 through the second directional valve 422.

[0093] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-tonnage broaching machine, characterized in that: include: A bed (100) is provided with a bed platform (110) in the middle of the height direction, the bed platform (110) is provided with a processing hole (111) penetrating vertically, two guide pillars (120) extending vertically and symmetrically with respect to the processing hole (111) are provided on the lower side of the bed platform (110), and two main oil cylinders (130) are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the processing hole (111) on the bed platform (110); The knife lifting device (200) comprises an upper knife clamp (210), a knife lifting cylinder (220) for driving the upper knife clamp (210) to rise and fall, and an adjusting mechanism (230) for driving the knife lifting cylinder (220) to rise and fall, which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The upper knife clamp (210) is located on the upper side of the processing hole (111) and is coaxial therewith. The upper knife clamp (210) is equipped with a broach (201). The knife lifting device (200) further comprises an adjusting cylinder (240). The output end of the adjusting cylinder (240) is connected to the adjusting mechanism (230) so as to drive the adjusting mechanism (230) to rise and fall. A main slide plate (300) is located at the lower side of the bed platform (110) and is connected to the output ends of the two main oil cylinders (130) to achieve lifting movement. The main slide plate (300) is provided with sliding holes matching the two guide pillars (120) so as to be lifted and lowered along the guide pillars (120). The main slide plate (300) is provided with a lower tool holder (310) coaxial with the processing hole (111); The adjusting oil cylinder (240) is arranged on the main slide plate (300), and the central axes of the two guide pillars (120), the central axis of the processing hole (111), and the two force centers of the two main oil cylinders (130) corresponding to the main slide plate (300) are all coplanar; The bed (100) is provided with a guide rail (101) extending vertically, an auxiliary slide plate (140), a first mounting seat (150), and a second mounting seat (160) are slidably mounted on the guide rail (101), and the upper tool clamp (210), the tool lifting cylinder (220), and the adjustment mechanism (230) are respectively mounted on the auxiliary slide plate (140), the first mounting seat (150), and the second mounting seat (160); The output shaft of the adjustment oil cylinder (240) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (241); a support seat (242) is provided on the top of the connecting rod (241); the second mounting seat (160) is provided with a first through hole (161) and is sleeved on the connecting rod (241) through the first through hole (161); and the bottom end of the second mounting seat (160) is supported against the upper surface of the support seat (242); The auxiliary slide plate (140) is provided with a second through hole (141) which passes through vertically, and the output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder (220) can be relatively vertically slidably penetrated through the second through hole (141), and the output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder (220) is provided with a first limiting structure (221) for supporting and limiting the auxiliary slide plate (140) at the lower side of the second through hole (141), and a first spring (222) for applying a downward elastic force to the auxiliary slide plate (140) is sleeved on the upper side of the second through hole (141); The output shaft of the knife lifting cylinder (220) is provided with a first abutment ring (223) on the upper side of the auxiliary slide plate (140), and the upper and lower ends of the first spring (222) respectively abut against the first abutment ring (223) and the auxiliary slide plate (140); The adjustment mechanism (230) comprises a driving member (231), a trapezoidal screw rod (232) driven to rotate by the driving member (231), and a nut sleeve (233) threadably matched with the trapezoidal screw rod (232), wherein the nut sleeve (233) is connected to the first mounting seat (150); The first mounting seat (150) is provided with a third through hole (151) which passes through in a vertical direction, the nut sleeve (233) can be relatively vertically slidably penetrated through the third through hole (151), the nut sleeve (233) is provided with a second limiting structure (234) for supporting and limiting the first mounting seat (150) at the lower side of the third through hole (151), and a second spring (235) for applying a downward elastic force to the first mounting seat (150) is provided at the upper side of the third through hole (151); A limiting groove (152) extending outward is provided on the peripheral wall of the third through hole (151), and the limiting groove (152) is open at both upper and lower ends. A limiting block (236) is connected to the peripheral wall of the nut sleeve (233), and the limiting block (236) can be embedded in the limiting groove (152) in a relatively vertical sliding manner. The limiting groove (152) is used to cooperate with the limiting block (236) to limit the rotation of the nut sleeve (233) relative to the first mounting seat (150).

2. The large-tonnage broaching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bed platform (110) is provided with a chip flushing structure for spraying cooling water onto the broach (201) to clean the waste chips on the broach (201), and the bottom of the bed (100) is provided with a chip removal mechanism (170) for receiving the waste chips generated by broaching and transporting them to the outside of the bed (100).

3. The large-tonnage broaching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil tank (180) is provided on one side of the bed (100), and the oil tank (180) is connected to the two main oil cylinders (130) via a hydraulic control system (400). The hydraulic control system (400) comprises: At least two parallel main pump groups (410), each comprising a servo motor (411) and an internal gear pump (412) driven thereby, wherein an oil inlet of the internal gear pump (412) is connected to the oil tank (180); The control valve group (420) is used to control the oil at the oil outlet of the internal gear pump (412) to enter the upper chamber or the lower chamber of the master cylinder (130), and to control the oil in the upper chamber or the lower chamber of the master cylinder (130) to flow back into the oil tank (180).

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