An integrated method for increasing melatonin content in milk

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated method for increasing the melatonin content in milk, and belongs to the field of biotechnology. The integrated method comprises the following steps: selecting a dairy cow with a high estimated breeding value of melatonin, adding supplementary lighting conditions during the feeding process, and adding a combination additive to the morning feeding diet, thereby increasing the melatonin content in the milk. The dairy cow with a high estimated breeding value of melatonin is a Chinese Holstein dairy cow, and the estimated breeding value of melatonin content in the milk of the Chinese Holstein dairy cow is above 0.187. The supplementary lighting conditions are: the light intensity is 200 Lux, and the cumulative lighting time is 9.3h; the light intensity is 10 Lux, and the lighting time is 5.25h. The present invention comprehensively optimizes the estimated breeding value of melatonin content in dairy cows, environmental control, and nutritional regulation, so that the melatonin content of the obtained milk reaches above 60pg / mL. The present invention lays a foundation for the industrialized production of milk with high melatonin content and provides natural raw materials for improving sleep quality through edible dairy products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of biotechnology, and in particular to an integrated method for increasing the melatonin content in milk. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy and the accelerating pace of life, sleep problems are becoming increasingly serious. Good sleep is not only an important standard of health, but also an important way for the human body to adjust itself, restore function and energy, resist and resolve disease risks, and is a key factor in maintaining a healthy body. According to a survey by the World Health Organization, people with various sleep disorders in my country account for about 38% of the total population, which is higher than the world's 27%. The survey results of the Sleep Medicine Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Association show that more than 60% of young people born after 1990 in my country have poor sleep habits and sleep quality; the prevalence of sleep disorders and depression in the elderly population in the community is 30.5% and 18.1% respectively, and 10.6% of the elderly in the community suffer from both diseases. Long-term sleep disorders will change the body's regulatory ability, cause the accumulation of metabolic waste in the brain, increase the risk of diseases such as dementia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, etc., and easily cause mental disorders and psychological problems, such as memory loss, irritability and abnormal behavior in children, affecting the reaction speed, creativity and body organ development of adolescents, abnormal blood pressure in pregnant women, affecting appetite and fetal development, accelerating organ aging in middle-aged and elderly people, and reducing immunity. There are more than 90 kinds of sleep disorders in three categories: "insomnia, insomnia, and poor sleep", which seriously affect the health level and quality of life of all kinds of people. How to enable Chinese residents to have a good sleep quality through consuming dairy products is an urgent problem to be solved by us dairy industry practitioners.

[0003] Milk is widely recognized to have a calming and sleep-inducing effect, and the key factor is that it contains a trace amount of melatonin, a functional active ingredient. Melatonin, a neuroendocrine hormone secreted by the pineal gland, has a calming and sleep-inducing effect and is known as a "physiological hypnotic agent." However, the melatonin content in ordinary milk is currently very low, averaging 5pg / mL, making it difficult to achieve the desired optimal sleep-promoting effect. Therefore, increasing the melatonin content in milk is very important for improving sleep quality through the use of dairy products. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated method for increasing the melatonin content in milk to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The method comprehensively optimizes the estimated breeding value of melatonin content in dairy cows, environmental control and nutritional regulation, so that the melatonin content of the obtained milk reaches more than 60pg / mL, which is much higher than the existing melatonin level in ordinary milk.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides an integrated method for increasing the melatonin content in milk, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Select dairy cows with high estimated melatonin breeding values, add supplemental lighting conditions during the breeding process, and add premixes to the morning feeding diet to increase the melatonin content in milk.

[0008] Preferably, the method for selecting dairy cows with high estimated breeding values ​​for melatonin concentration is: performing breeding value evaluation based on the pedigree of the herd to determine dairy cows with high estimated breeding values ​​for melatonin concentration.

[0009] Preferably, the method for selecting dairy cows with high estimated breeding values ​​of melatonin concentration further comprises screening pastures with different management levels, different lactation stages, milk from different seasons and different milking times.

[0010] Preferably, the cow with a high estimated breeding value for melatonin concentration is a Chinese Holstein cow, and the estimated breeding value for melatonin content in milk of the Chinese Holstein cow is above 0.187.

[0011] Preferably, the supplementary lighting conditions are: light intensity is 200 Lux, and the cumulative lighting time is 9.3 h; light intensity is 10 Lux, and the lighting time is 5.25 h.

[0012] The premix comprises 0.17% zinc sulfate, 0.27% organic copper zinc, 8.73% magnesium chloride, 51.99% minerals, 0.3% folic acid, 0.19% vitamins, 0.9% yeast, 0.91% mold remover, 0.18% attractant, 18.18% buffer, 9.09% non-protein nitrogen and 9.09% others.

[0013] Preferably, the premix accounts for 10.29% of the concentrate in the diet. The daily dry matter intake of the diet formula is 26.32 kg / head.

[0014] Preferably, the morning feeding time is: 7:00 am.

[0015] The invention also provides milk obtained by using the integrated method.

[0016] Preferably, the melatonin content of the milk is above 60 pg / mL, and can reach up to 92.4 pg / mL.

[0017] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0018] The present invention establishes an integrated method for increasing the melatonin concentration in cow milk by estimating breeding values, environmental control and nutritional regulation of melatonin content in dairy cows, so that the melatonin content in milk reaches more than 60pg / mL, achieving the purpose of producing milk with high melatonin content. Compared with the average melatonin content of 5pg / mL in ordinary milk, the integrated method for increasing the melatonin content in milk provided by the present invention lays the foundation for the industrial production of high melatonin content milk and provides natural raw materials for improving sleep quality through edible dairy products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 The effects of different pasture management levels on melatonin content;

[0021] Figure 2 To investigate the effects of different lactation stages on melatonin levels;

[0022] Figure 3 To investigate the effects of different seasons on melatonin levels;

[0023] Figure 4 The effect of different sampling times on melatonin content;

[0024] Figure 5 The effect of supplementary lighting on the melatonin content in the milk of Chinese Holstein cows;

[0025] Figure 6 To investigate the effect of nutritional regulation on the melatonin content in milk of Chinese Holstein cows. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0028] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0029] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present application description and examples are exemplary only.

[0030] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] 1. Experimental Animals

[0033] Eight ranches in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and 5009 lactating cows were selected as the genetic breeding selection herd. Blood samples were collected from the caudal vein and placed in a 10 mL blood collection tube. After standing in the dark for 20 min, the samples were centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 10 min, and serum was drawn out and dispensed into 200 μL / tubes and frozen at -80°C for DNA extraction and sequencing.

[0034] 2. Test methods

[0035] 2.1 Environmental Control

[0036] The experiment was carried out simultaneously in two lactating cow sheds in two ranches under the company. The lactating cow shed of one ranch (198 and 96 lactating cows) was installed with a quantum light system provided by Beijing Jinshengda Bioelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. and set as the experimental group; the lactating cow shed of the other ranch (202 and 106 lactating cows) used the farm's own ordinary LED lights and set it as the control group. According to the principle of similar parity, milk production, and lactation days, 80 lactating cows were randomly selected from the experimental group and the control group and divided into two groups. The experimental time was from November 2021 to April 2022, with a trial period of 180 days. According to the length of night milking on the ranch, the fill light was set to a light intensity of 200Lux for a cumulative time of 9.3h, and a light intensity of 10Lux for a lighting time of 5.25h.

[0037] 2.2 Experimental diet and feeding management

[0038] The dairy cows were fed in a semi-tethered and semi-free style and were allowed to eat freely. The feeding time was 7:00, 14:00 and 19:00 every day. The milking time was 07:00 in the morning, 14:00 in the afternoon and 19:00 in the evening. The experimental diet was prepared with reference to the NRC (2001) dairy cow feeding standard, and the diet composition and nutritional level are shown in Table 1.

[0039] Table 1 Diet composition (air-dried basis) and nutrient level (DM basis)

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] Note: The concentrate composition is corn, 50.37%, bran, 5.15%, soybean meal, 15.35%, rapeseed meal 9.58%, Sichuan rapeseed meal 3.09%, tumor gold, 5.15%, expanded urea 1.03%, premix 10.29%. Among them, the premix composition is zinc sulfate 0.17%, organic copper zinc 0.27, magnesium chloride 8.73%, minerals 51.99, folic acid 0.3%, vitamins 0.19, yeast 0.9%, mold remover 0.91%, attractant 0.18%, buffer 18.18%, non-protein nitrogen 9.09%, others 9.09%, (others are mainly salts, the present invention uses sodium chloride).

[0043] 3. Results and analysis

[0044] 3.1 Effects of different pastures, seasons and milking times on melatonin content in milk of Chinese Holstein cows

[0045] A total of 17,166 milk samples from 5,009 lactating cows from eight farms were tested for melatonin in four quarters and three shifts. Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown in the results, the melatonin content in milk was significantly different between different pastures due to differences in main provenance and feeding management levels (P<0.05). The melatonin content in milk was significantly different in different lactation stages (P<0.05). The melatonin content in milk of lactating cows with lactation days of more than 305 days was the highest, while the melatonin content in milk was the lowest in the early lactation period, when the lactation days were 0-60 days. By comparing the melatonin content in milk in the four seasons, it was found that the melatonin content in milk was the highest in summer (P<0.05), while the melatonin content in winter was the lowest. The melatonin content in milk samples at different sampling times was significantly different (P<0.05). Therefore, the selection of different pastures, different lactation stages in different seasons and different sampling times all affect the melatonin content in milk. To obtain raw milk with high melatonin content, it is necessary to screen pastures with different management levels and different lactation stages, and choose the right time for milking.

[0046] 3.2 Effect of supplementary lighting on melatonin content in milk of Chinese Holstein cows

[0047] After six months of supplementary lighting in the experimental group, Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the results showed that the melatonin content in the morning shift milk of the experimental group was 146.03% higher than that in the control group, while the content in the middle shift milk of the experimental group was 60.00% higher than that in the control group, and the melatonin content in the evening shift milk of the experimental group was 8.07% higher than that in the control group. Therefore, the supplementary light has different effects on the melatonin content of milk samples from different shifts.

[0048] 3.3 Effect of nutritional regulation on melatonin content in milk of Chinese Holstein cows

[0049] Based on the breeding of high melatonin dairy cows, supplementary lights were installed and adjusted to 5.25h yellow light and 9.3h red light mode, and then nutritional regulation was carried out. After the preliminary test of nutritional regulation for nearly one year, a 30-day feeding test of lactating cows with high melatonin secretion content was carried out according to the daily diet formula. The test results showed that through various methods of regulation, the melatonin content in milk has a certain regularity, and the highest can reach 92.4pg / mL of high melatonin functional raw milk (see Figure 6 ). The integrated method is suitable for producing high melatonin functional raw milk products.

[0050] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated method for increasing the melatonin content in milk, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Select dairy cows with high estimated melatonin breeding values, add supplementary light conditions during feeding, and add premix to the morning feeding diet to increase the melatonin content in milk; The method for selecting a dairy cow with a high estimated melatonin breeding value comprises: performing a breeding value evaluation based on the pedigree of a herd to determine a dairy cow with a high estimated melatonin breeding value; The method for selecting dairy cows with high estimated melatonin breeding values ​​also includes screening pastures with different management levels, different lactation stages, milk from different seasons, and different milking times; The dairy cow with a high estimated breeding value of melatonin is a Chinese Holstein dairy cow, and the estimated breeding value of melatonin in the milk of the Chinese Holstein dairy cow is greater than 0.187; The fill light conditions are: the red light intensity is 200 Lux, and the cumulative lighting time is 9.3 hours; The intensity of yellow light is 10Lux, and the lighting time is 5.25h; The premix is ​​composed of: 0.17% zinc sulfate, 0.27% organic copper zinc, 8.73% magnesium chloride, 51.99% minerals, 0.3% folic acid, 0.19% vitamins, 0.9% yeast, 0.91% mold remover, 0.18% attractant, 18.18% buffer, 9.09% non-protein nitrogen, and 9.09% others; The premix is ​​10.29% of the concentrate in the diet; The time for morning feeding is: 7:00 am.

2. Milk obtained by the integrated method for increasing the melatonin content in milk as claimed in claim 1.

3. The milk according to claim 2, characterized in that The melatonin content in the milk is above 60 pg / mL.

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