A positive and negative pressure sorting and impurity removal equipment for grain storage in granary
By combining the negative and positive pressure technology of the exhaust fan and blower blade in the grain storage equipment, combined with the feeding dragon, centrifugal disk and automatic cleaning system, the problems of incomplete grain removal and dust diffusion in traditional equipment are solved. , realizes efficient decomposition and automatic cleaning, and improves the processing efficiency and reliability of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202211706809.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-12-29
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-12-29
AI Technical Summary
When traditional grain decomposition equipment separates grain from light debris, wind speed control is difficult to balance, resulting in incomplete separation or mixed debris, and dust diffusion and filtering devices are prone to clogging, reducing efficiency and increasing cleaning strength.
A grain storage positive and negative pressure sorting and decomposition equipment was designed, and the negative and positive pressure technology combined with the exhaust fan and blower fan blade was used to realize it through feeding crimping dragon, centrifugal disk, grain air inlet network and speed reduction components. Efficiently remove impurities, and automatically clean up blockages through the cooperation of telescopic rods, electromagnets and cleaning blocks to reduce the intensity of manual cleaning.
It realizes efficient treatment of dust, shell materials and other debris in grain, improves the efficiency of debris removal, avoids the mixing of debris and diffusion of dust, reduces the intensity of manual cleaning, and improves the sorting effect of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN116174299B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grain impurity removal, and in particular to a positive and negative pressure sorting and impurity removal device for stored grain in a granary. Background Art
[0002] Grain is the main source of calories needed by the human body. After harvesting, grain needs to be processed and then stored in warehouses. Before grain crops are stored in warehouses, they need to be cleaned and screened to remove light debris such as shells and dust mixed in the grain crops.
[0003] At present, traditional impurity removal equipment generally handles light impurities such as dust and shell materials in grains by lifting the grains and then blowing air to separate the blown grains from the light impurities, and then collecting and processing them. First of all, in the process of separating light impurities from grains with this kind of impurity removal equipment, if the wind speed is too low, the separation may not be thorough enough, and if the wind speed is too high, the grains and impurities may be mixed together, affecting the separation efficiency. At the same time, during the separation process, impurities such as dust may diffuse into the air, affecting the environment. When using filters or other filtering devices to filter out impurities, blockage may easily occur, reducing the filtering effect and increasing the workload of cleaning and filtering.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a kind of positive and negative pressure sorting and impurity removal equipment for grain storage in granary to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention
[0005] The present invention provides a positive and negative pressure sorting and impurity removal device for stored grain in a granary to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
[0007] A positive and negative pressure sorting and impurity removal device for grain storage in a grain silo comprises an impurity removal outer cylinder and a cover plate detachably connected to the top of the impurity removal outer cylinder, an exhaust fan and a dust treatment cylinder are installed on both sides of the top of the impurity removal outer cylinder, the air outlet of the exhaust fan is connected to the dust treatment cylinder, the air intake of the exhaust fan is connected to a dust suction component extending to the top of the inner part of the impurity removal outer cylinder, a grain inlet pipe is fixedly connected in the middle of the cover plate, a feed hopper is installed at the top of the grain inlet pipe, a conical dust outlet net is connected to the bottom end of the grain inlet pipe, and the bottom of the conical dust outlet net is coaxially fixedly connected to a dust collector supported on the impurity removal outer cylinder. A blocking inner cover inside the cylinder, wherein a grain-blocking air inlet net is arranged inside the blocking inner cover, a telescopic rod is arranged at the bottom of the grain-blocking air inlet net, the other end of the telescopic rod is connected to the support plate, the grain-blocking air inlet net adopts an elastic net and a flexible belt is arranged at the bottom, a plurality of groups of electromagnets are arranged inside the flexible belt, a discharge trough is arranged on the conical dust outlet net, a limiting groove is arranged on the upper part of the conical dust outlet net, the limiting grooves are distributed in a ring shape above the conical dust outlet net, a limiting block is arranged in the limiting groove, a cleaning block is connected to the other end of the limiting block, and the cleaning block fits with the inner side of the conical dust outlet net.
[0008] Preferably, the interior of the blocking inner cover is fixedly connected to a supporting base, and a motor is installed on the bottom surface of the supporting base, and a rotating shaft connected to the motor is installed on the top surface of the supporting base, and the supporting plate is fixed on the rotating shaft; the outer side of the rotating shaft is installed with a feed auger located in the grain feed pipe, a centrifugal disk located below the grain feed pipe, a grain blocking air inlet net located in the conical dust outlet net, and a deceleration assembly and blower blades located below the grain blocking air inlet net in sequence from top to bottom.
[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the impurity removing outer cylinder is conical, and a grain outlet is installed at the bottom end of the cone, and a support plate is fixedly connected to the inner part of the impurity removing outer cylinder close to the conical part.
[0010] Preferably, the top surface of the impurity removing outer cylinder and the top surface of the support plate are both provided with annular grooves, the bottom surface of the cover plate protrudes with an insert plate which fits in the annular groove on the top surface of the impurity removing outer cylinder, and the bottom end of the blocking inner cover fits in the annular groove on the top surface of the support plate.
[0011] Preferably, the feed hopper, the grain feed pipe, the conical dust outlet net and the blocking inner cover are coaxially fixedly connected in pairs, and the rotating shaft and the grain feed pipe are coaxially arranged.
[0012] Preferably, the mesh diameter of the conical dust outlet net is larger than the mesh diameter of the grain blocking air inlet net, and the grain blocking air inlet net is conical and has a smaller cone angle and height than the conical dust outlet net.
[0013] Preferably, the cleaning block is made of ferromagnetic material, and when the cleaning block is located at an initial position, it corresponds to the discharge chute.
[0014] Preferably, the reduction assembly includes a reduction gear plate coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft, a sun gear fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of planetary gears connecting the sun gear and the reduction gear plate, wherein the rotating shaft located on the upper and lower sides of the reduction gear plate is in two sections, one section is fixedly connected to the sun gear, and the other section is coaxially fixedly connected to the reduction gear plate.
[0015] Preferably, a dust inlet pipe connected to an exhaust fan is provided on one side of the dust treatment cylinder, a dustproof net is provided on the top of the dust treatment cylinder, and a dust outlet pipe is connected to the bottom end of the dust treatment cylinder.
[0016] Preferably, the dust collection assembly includes a plurality of exhaust pipes inserted into the top end of the outer side of the debris removal outer cylinder and an annular air duct located outside the debris removal outer cylinder and connected to the plurality of exhaust pipes; the plurality of exhaust pipes are located inside the debris removal inner cylinder and are connected to air nozzles; the outer side of the annular air duct is connected to the exhaust port of the exhaust fan through a pipe.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0018] 1. The present invention arranges a grain inlet pipe, a conical dust outlet net, a blocking inner cover, a motor, a rotating shaft and blower blades in the outer cylinder of the impurity removal, and installs an exhaust fan, a dust treatment cylinder and a dust suction component on the outside of the outer cylinder of the impurity removal, so that in the process of impurity removal of the grain entering the outer cylinder of the impurity removal, the negative pressure exhaust of the exhaust fan and the positive pressure blowing of the blower blades can accelerate the impurity removal of the grain in the outer cylinder of the impurity removal, so that light impurities such as dust and shell materials in the grain can be quickly absorbed by the exhaust fan and discharged after being processed by the dust treatment cylinder, thereby realizing efficient processing of the impurities, improving the processing efficiency, and effectively avoiding the problem of grain and impurities being mixed together and dust diffusion.
[0019] 2. The present invention installs a feeding auger, a centrifugal disk, a grain-blocking air inlet net and a speed reduction assembly on the rotating shaft, so that when the motor drives the blower blades to work, the feeding can be made more convenient, and the problem of feed blockage and insufficient impurity removal caused by excessive one-time feeding can be avoided. At the same time, the centrifugal disk can also throw out the grain entering the conical dust outlet net. The rotation of the conical dust outlet net itself can make the grain scattered onto the grain-blocking air inlet net through the rotation of the centrifugal disk further dispersed under the action of centrifugal force, which can make the grain layer more uniform and thinner, and facilitate the positive pressure wind passing through the grain-blocking air inlet net to remove impurities and sort the grain above it, thereby improving the processing efficiency of dust, shell materials and other debris in the grain.
[0020] 3. The present invention cooperates with the telescopic rod, electromagnet, cleaning block, grain-blocking air inlet net, conical dust outlet net and other components. On the one hand, the telescopic rod is controlled to control the height of the downward movement of the grain-blocking air inlet net, so that the grain-blocking air inlet net of the elastic net structure is transformed from a positive cone structure to an inverted cone structure. Since the grain-blocking air inlet net is repeatedly stretched, the aperture above it changes repeatedly, which can complete the cleaning of the debris blocked on the grain-blocking air inlet net; on the other hand, the telescopic rod drives the grain-blocking air inlet net to move up and down repeatedly to repeatedly deform into an inverted cone and restore the positive cone structure. In the process, the grain-blocking air inlet net can drive the conical dust outlet net to vibrate, thereby promoting the separation of the debris blocked on the conical dust outlet net from the conical dust outlet net.
[0021] 4. After the electromagnet and the cleaning block are magnetically attracted to each other, the flexible belt at the lower end of the grain-blocking air inlet net can drive the cleaning block magnetically attracted thereto to rotate, so that the cleaning block can rotate along the inner wall of the conical dust outlet net in cooperation with the limiting groove and the limiting block, thereby cleaning the straw-shaped blockage stuck on the conical dust outlet net, with significant effect, reducing the intensity of manual cleaning and improving the sorting effect of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 2 It is an overall cross-sectional view of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the grain inlet pipe and the conical dust outlet net of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the deceleration assembly of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust treatment tube of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the annular air duct structure of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the conical dust outlet net structure of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the A department;
[0030] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the mechanism structure at B in the middle.
[0031] In the figure: 1. outer cylinder for removing impurities; 2. cover plate; 3. feed hopper; 4. annular air duct; 5. exhaust fan; 6. dust treatment cylinder; 7. grain outlet; 8. grain inlet pipe; 9. conical dust outlet net; 10. blocking inner cover; 11. supporting frame; 12. motor; 13. blower blades; 14. reduction assembly; 1401. reduction gear plate; 1402. sun gear; 1403. planetary gear; 15. grain inlet net; 16. rotating shaft; 17. feed auger; 18. dust inlet pipe; 19. dust outlet pipe; 20. dust net; 21. exhaust pipe; 22. air nozzle; 23. electromagnet; 24. discharge trough; 25. limit slot; 26. limit block; 27. cleaning block; 28. telescopic rod; 29. support plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.
[0033] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Example 1
[0034] Reference Figure 1-2A positive and negative pressure sorting and impurity removal device for stored grain in a granary comprises an impurity removal outer cylinder 1 and a cover plate 2 detachably connected to the top of the impurity removal outer cylinder 1, the upper end of the impurity removal outer cylinder 1 is cylindrical and the lower end is conical, and the outer side of the conical lower end is provided with supporting legs for support, an exhaust fan 5 and a dust treatment cylinder 6 are installed on both sides of the top of the impurity removal outer cylinder 1, and a support plate fixed to the side of the impurity removal outer cylinder 1 is provided at the bottom of the exhaust fan 5, and the exhaust fan 5 is fixed to the support plate by two support rods. The air outlet of the exhaust fan 5 is connected to the dust treatment cylinder 6. The air intake of the exhaust fan 5 is connected to a dust collection component extending to the top of the inner part of the impurity removal outer cylinder 1. The dust collection component generates negative pressure by exhausting air from the exhaust fan 5, and can absorb light debris such as dust and shell materials flying in the impurity removal outer cylinder 1. A grain feed pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the middle of the cover plate 2, and a feed hopper 3 is installed at the top of the grain feed pipe 8. A conical dust outlet net 9 is connected to the bottom end of the grain feed pipe 8. The grain feed pipe 8, the feed hopper 3 and the conical dust outlet net 9 are connected to each other. The bottom of the conical dust outlet net 9 is coaxially fixedly connected with a blocking inner cover 10 supported inside the impurity removing outer cylinder 1, and the inside of the blocking inner cover 10 is fixedly connected with a supporting base frame 11, which is composed of a middle chassis and a plurality of round rods fixed on the outside of the chassis, and the other end of the round rods is fixed on the inner wall of the blocking inner cover 10, and a motor 12 is installed on the bottom surface of the supporting base frame 11, and a rotating shaft 16 connected to the motor 12 is installed on the top surface of the supporting base frame 11, and the rotating shaft 16 is rotatably installed on the supporting base frame 11 through a bearing; the motor 12 can drive the rotation of the rotating shaft 16, and the outer side of the rotating shaft 16 is sequentially installed with a feed auger 17 located in the grain feed pipe 8, a centrifugal disk below the grain feed pipe 8, a grain blocking air inlet net 15 located in the conical dust outlet net 9, and a reduction assembly 14 and a blower blade 13 arranged below the grain blocking air inlet net 15. The blower blades 13 can generate positive pressure wind force, so that the positive pressure wind force passes through the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 to sort the impurities in the grain. A telescopic rod 28 is provided at the bottom of the grain-blocking air inlet net 15, and the other end of the telescopic rod 28 is connected to a support disk 29, and the support disk 29 is fixed on the rotating shaft 16; when the rotating shaft 16 rotates, the feeding auger 17 and the centrifugal disk are driven to rotate, so that the grain fed by the feeding auger 17 and centrifugal separation by the centrifugal disk are evenly scattered on the grain-blocking air inlet net 15. At the same time, since the support disk 29 is installed on the rotating shaft 16, during the process of the rotating shaft 16 driving the support disk 29 to rotate, the support disk 29 can drive the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 to rotate through the telescopic rod 28. During the rotation of the grain-blocking air inlet net 15, the grain scattered on the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 through the rotation of the centrifugal disk can be further dispersed under the action of centrifugal force, which can make the grain layer more uniform and thinner, so that the positive pressure wind passing through the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 can remove impurities and sort the grain above it.
[0035] The speed reduction assembly 14 is used to make the rotation speeds of the rotating shaft 16 at the upper and lower ends inconsistent, so that the high-speed rotation of the blower blades 13 can easily generate positive pressure wind with strong pressure, while the feeding auger 17 rotates at a slightly lower speed to facilitate continuous and uniform feeding, avoid too little material being discharged each time during high-speed operation, and reduce the grain sorting time.
[0036] Reference Figure 1-2 The conical bottom end of the impurity removing outer cylinder 1 is provided with a grain outlet 7 and an air inlet, and a mouth plug can be provided to seal the grain outlet 7, which is opened and the sorted grain is released when in use. A support plate is fixedly connected to the inner part of the impurity removing outer cylinder 1 close to the conical part, and the support plate is used to support the blocking inner cover 10.
[0037] Reference Figure 2-3 The top surface of the impurity removing outer cylinder 1 and the top surface of the support plate are both provided with annular grooves, and the bottom surface of the cover plate 2 is protruded with an insert plate which fits in the annular groove on the top surface of the impurity removing outer cylinder 1, which not only ensures a tight connection between the cover plate 2 and the impurity removing outer cylinder 1, but also facilitates disassembly. The bottom end of the blocking inner cover 10 fits in the annular groove on the top surface of the support plate, and cooperates with the clamping at the cover plate 2 to fix the cover plate 2 as a whole.
[0038] Reference Figure 3 The feed hopper 3, the grain feed pipe 8, the conical dust outlet net 9 and the blocking inner cover 10 are coaxially fixedly connected in pairs, and the rotating shaft 16 and the grain feed pipe 8 are coaxially arranged to ensure that when the rotating shaft 16 rotates in the middle position, it can drive the feed auger 17 to rotate coaxially in the grain feed pipe 8, and at the same time, the outer wall of the feed auger 17 is close to the grain feed pipe 8.
[0039] Reference Figure 2-3 The mesh diameter of the conical dust outlet net 9 is larger than the mesh diameter of the grain blocking air inlet net 15, so that the conical dust outlet net 9 and the grain blocking air inlet net 15 can block the food while allowing dust, shell materials and other debris to pass through the conical dust outlet net 9 more easily. The grain blocking air inlet net 15 is conical and the conical angle and height are both smaller than the conical dust outlet net 9. The conical angle here refers to the inner angle of the vertical cross-section, so that the food thrown off the centrifugal disk takes longer to reach the grain blocking air inlet net 15, and the effect of being blown by the fan blades 13 is better.
[0040] Reference Figure 2-3 In order to prevent the grain from contacting the blower blades 13 after impurities are removed, the diameter of the blower blades 13 is smaller than the bottom diameter of the grain-blocking air inlet net 15. Here, the diameter of the blower blades 13 refers to the size from the side of the blower blades 13 to the rotating shaft 16.
[0041] Reference Figure 4In order to make the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 16 at the upper and lower ends of the reduction assembly 14 inconsistent, the reduction assembly 14 further includes a reduction gear plate 1401 coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 16, a sun gear 1402 fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 16, and a plurality of planetary gears 1403 connecting the sun gear 1402 and the reduction gear plate 1401, a tripod is sleeved on the axis between the plurality of planetary gears 1403, and the tripod is rotatably connected to the outside of the rotating shaft 16, so that when the sun gear 1402 rotates, the planetary gears 1403 do not rotate, but the outer reduction gear plate 1401 rotates, wherein the rotating shaft 16 located on the upper and lower sides of the reduction gear plate 1401 is in two sections, one section is fixedly connected to the sun gear 1402, and the other section is coaxially fixedly connected to the reduction gear plate 1401, and then with the cooperation of the reduction assembly 14, the rotation speeds of the rotating shaft 16 at the upper and lower ends are different.
[0042] Reference Figure 5 A dust inlet pipe 18 connected to the exhaust fan 5 is provided on one side of the dust treatment cylinder 6. The dust inlet pipe 18 is connected to the exhaust fan 5 through a flange. A dustproof net 20 is provided on the top of the dust treatment cylinder 6 to filter the dust sucked into the dust treatment cylinder 6. A dust outlet pipe 19 is connected to the bottom end of the dust treatment cylinder 6. When the dust outlet pipe 19 is working, an external pipeline is used to receive and centrally process dust.
[0043] Reference Figure 6 The dust collection assembly includes a plurality of exhaust pipes 21 plugged into the top end of the outer side of the impurity removal outer cylinder 1 and an annular air duct 4 located outside the impurity removal outer cylinder 1 and connected to the plurality of exhaust pipes 21. The plurality of exhaust pipes 21 are located inside the impurity removal inner cylinder and are connected to air nozzles 22. The outer side of the annular air duct 4 is connected to the exhaust port of the exhaust fan 5 through a pipeline, so that the exhaust fan 5 exhausts the plurality of exhaust pipes 21 to accelerate the exhaust efficiency.
[0044] When removing the shell material, dust and other impurities in the grain, first start the motor 12 and the exhaust fan 5, and pour the grain from the feed hopper 3. The grain enters the grain feed pipe 8 through the feed hopper 3, and is uniformly fed to the centrifugal disk by the feed auger 17 in the grain feed pipe 8. The centrifugal disk rotates with the rotating shaft 16 to throw the grain out so that the grain can be dispersed and evenly distributed above the grain-blocking air inlet net 15. At the same time, when the motor 12 drives the rotating shaft 16 to rotate, the rotating shaft 16 drives the blower blades 13 to rotate, and the blower blades 13 blow upward to generate positive pressure wind. The positive pressure wind passes through the grain blocking air inlet net 15 and enters the conical dust outlet net 9, blowing up light debris such as dust and shell materials in the grain. At the same time, the exhaust fan 5 generates negative pressure wind, which is drawn from the annular air duct 4 to multiple exhaust pipes 21. Dust, shell materials and other debris fly out from the conical dust outlet net 9 and are finally sucked into the wind nozzle 22. Thereafter, the exhaust fan 5 discharges the sucked-in dust, shell materials and other debris into the dust treatment barrel 6, which is blocked by the dustproof net 20 and finally falls from the dust outlet pipe 19; at the same time, the processed grain is blocked by the material blocking air inlet pipe, falls into the blocking inner cover 10, and finally falls from the grain outlet 7 of the impurity removal outer barrel 1, completing the grain impurity removal and collection. Example 2
[0045] After the device is used for a long time, the conical dust outlet net 9 and the grain blocking air inlet net 15 may be blocked by debris or grain, which affects the grain sorting effect of the device. Therefore, the device is improved in the manner described in this embodiment.
[0046] like Figure 7-9 As shown, a telescopic rod 28 is provided at the bottom of the grain-blocking air inlet net 15, and the other end of the telescopic rod 28 is connected to a support plate 29, and the support plate 29 is fixed on the rotating shaft 16; the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 adopts an elastic net and a flexible belt is provided at the bottom, and a plurality of groups of electromagnets 23 are provided in the flexible belt, and a plurality of groups of discharge troughs 24 are provided on the conical dust outlet net 9, and a limiting groove 25 is provided on the upper part of the conical dust outlet net 9, and the limiting grooves 25 are distributed in a ring shape on the conical dust outlet net 9, and a limiting block 26 is provided in the limiting groove 25, and a cleaning block 27 is connected to the other end of the limiting block 26, and the cleaning block 27 is fitted with the inner side of the conical dust outlet net 9, and the cleaning block 27 is made of ferromagnetic material, and the cleaning block 27 corresponds to the discharge trough 24 when it is in the initial position.
[0047] When the device is used for a long time and the conical dust outlet net 9 and the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 are blocked, the control unit controls the telescopic rod 28 to extend and drive the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 to move upward. Since the conical angle and height of the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 are smaller than the conical dust outlet net 9, after the telescopic rod 28 drives the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 to move upward to a preset height, the flexible belt at the bottom of the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 can collide with the cleaning block 27. After the flexible belt at the bottom of the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 collide with the cleaning block 27, the electromagnet 23 is controlled to be energized and magnetically adsorbed with the cleaning block 27. Then, the telescopic rod 28 is controlled to contract and drive the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 to move downward (the motor 12 stops working at this time). The telescopic rod 28 is controlled to control the downward movement height of the grain-blocking air inlet net 15, so that the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 with the elastic net structure is transformed from a positive cone structure to an inverted cone structure (the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 with the elastic net structure is made of polyurethane. On the basis of ensuring wear resistance and opening rate, it also has a certain strength itself, which can ensure that the grain is dusted in the positive cone structure, and is subjected to a downward tensile force. Due to its own elasticity, it can be transformed into an inverted cone structure). In this process, since the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 is stretched, the aperture above it changes, and the debris blocked on the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 can fall off and separate, thereby solving the problem that the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 is blocked by debris or grain, resulting in the wind blown by the blower blades 13 being unable to pass through the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 to remove the grain. At the same time, the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 is driven by the telescopic rod 28 to move up and down repeatedly to repeatedly deform into an inverted cone and restore the regular cone structure. During this process, the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 can drive the conical dust outlet net 9 to vibrate, thereby promoting the separation of debris blocked on the conical dust outlet net 9 from the conical dust outlet net 9, thereby preventing the conical dust outlet net 9 from being blocked by debris after long-term use, resulting in the problem that the debris cannot be discharged.
[0048] In addition, since the impurities present in the grain include not only granular impurities such as wheat bran and dust, but also rod-shaped impurities such as straw, when the rod-shaped impurities enter between the conical dust outlet net 9 and the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 through the feed hopper 3, the rod-shaped impurities will be blown to the surface of the conical dust outlet net 9 and cause blockage under the wind force of the blower blades 13. Even if the conical dust outlet net 9 is continuously vibrated, the blocked straw-shaped impurities are still difficult to be discharged. Therefore, when it is necessary to clean the above-mentioned rod-shaped impurities, the control unit controls the telescopic rod 28 to extend and drive the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 to move upward. Since the conical angle and height of the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 are smaller than the conical dust outlet net 9, after the telescopic rod 28 drives the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 to move upward to a preset height, the flexible belt at the bottom of the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 can conflict with the cleaning block 27. After the flexible belt at the bottom of the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 contacts the cleaning block 27, the electromagnet 23 is energized and magnetically attracted to the cleaning block 27. Then, while the electromagnet 23 and the cleaning block 27 are magnetically attracted, the motor 12 is started, and the motor 12 drives the support plate 29 to rotate through the rotating shaft 16, and the support plate 29 drives the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 to rotate through the telescopic rod 28. The grain-blocking air inlet net 15 drives the cleaning block 27 magnetically attracted to it to rotate through the flexible belt at the lower end, so that the cleaning block 27 rotates along the inner wall of the conical dust outlet net 9 with the cooperation of the limit groove 25 and the limit block 26; during the rotation process, The cleaning block 27 can scrape and collect the rod-shaped debris that is blocked on the conical dust outlet net 9. The scraped straw-shaped debris passes through the conical dust outlet net 9 and is discharged. The straw-shaped debris that is not discharged from the conical dust outlet net 9 can be collected to the discharge trough 24 along with the cleaning block 27, and discharged from the conical dust outlet net 9 from the discharge trough 24. Then, under the action of the wind force of the blower blades 13 and the exhaust fan 5, the rod-shaped debris is moved to the outside of the grid inner cover 10, thereby completing the cleaning of the rod-shaped debris. After completing the cleaning of the conical dust outlet net 9, the cleaning block 27 is driven to the initial position to block the discharge trough 24, ensuring the normal dust removal of the conical dust outlet net 9 in the future.
[0049] In summary, through the mutual cooperation of the telescopic rod 28, the electromagnet 23, the cleaning block 27, the grain-blocking air inlet net 15, the conical dust outlet net 9 and other components, on the one hand, the telescopic rod 28 is controlled to control the height of the downward movement of the grain-blocking air inlet net 15, so that the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 of the elastic net structure is transformed from a positive cone structure to an inverted cone structure. Since the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 is repeatedly stretched, the aperture above it changes repeatedly, which can complete the cleaning of the debris blocked on the grain-blocking air inlet net 15; on the other hand, the telescopic rod 28 drives the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 to move up and down repeatedly to repeatedly deform into an inverted cone and restore the positive cone structure. During the construction, the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 can drive the conical dust outlet net 9 to vibrate, thereby promoting the separation of the debris blocked on the conical dust outlet net 9 from the conical dust outlet net 9; thirdly, after the electromagnet 23 is magnetically attracted to the cleaning block 27, the grain-blocking air inlet net 15 can drive the cleaning block 27 magnetically attracted thereto to rotate through the flexible belt at the lower end, so that the cleaning block 27 rotates along the inner wall of the conical dust outlet net 9 with the cooperation of the limiting groove 25 and the limiting block 26, so as to clean the straw-shaped blockage stuck on the conical dust outlet net 9, with remarkable effect, reducing the intensity of manual cleaning and improving the sorting effect of the equipment.
[0050] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A positive and negative pressure sorting and impurity removal device for grain storage in a granary, comprising an impurity removal outer cylinder and a cover plate detachably connected to the top of the impurity removal outer cylinder, characterized in that: An exhaust fan and a dust treatment cylinder are installed on both sides of the top of the impurity removal outer cylinder, the air outlet of the exhaust fan is connected to the dust treatment cylinder, the air intake of the exhaust fan is connected to a dust suction component extending to the top of the inner part of the impurity removal outer cylinder, a grain feed pipe is fixedly connected to the middle of the cover plate, a feed hopper is installed on the top of the grain feed pipe, a conical dust outlet net is connected to the bottom end of the grain feed pipe, the bottom of the conical dust outlet net is coaxially fixedly connected to a blocking inner cover supported inside the impurity removal outer cylinder, and a grain blocking inner cover is provided inside the blocking inner cover An air inlet net, a telescopic rod is provided at the bottom of the grain-blocking air inlet net, the other end of the telescopic rod is connected to the support plate, the grain-blocking air inlet net adopts an elastic net and a flexible belt is provided at the bottom, a plurality of groups of electromagnets are provided in the flexible belt, a discharge trough is provided on the conical dust outlet net, a limiting groove is provided on the upper part of the conical dust outlet net, the limiting groove is distributed in an annular shape above the conical dust outlet net, a limiting block is provided in the limiting groove, a cleaning block is connected to the other end of the limiting block, and the cleaning block is fitted with the inner side of the conical dust outlet net; The interior of the grid inner cover is fixedly connected to a support base, and a motor is installed on the bottom surface of the support base, and a rotating shaft connected to the motor is installed on the top surface of the support base, and the support plate is fixed on the rotating shaft; the outer side of the rotating shaft is sequentially installed from top to bottom with a feed auger located in the grain feed pipe, a centrifugal disc located below the grain feed pipe, a grain-blocking air inlet net located in the conical dust outlet net, and a speed reduction assembly and a blower fan blade located below the grain-blocking air inlet net; The cleaning block is made of ferromagnetic material, and when the cleaning block is located at an initial position, it corresponds to the discharge slot.
2. The positive and negative pressure separation and impurity removal equipment for stored grain in a granary according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the impurity removing outer cylinder is arranged in a cone shape, and a grain outlet is arranged at the bottom end of the cone. A support plate is fixedly connected to the inner part of the impurity removing outer cylinder close to the cone part.
3. The positive and negative pressure separation and impurity removal equipment for stored grain in a granary according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surface of the impurity removing outer cylinder and the top surface of the support plate are both provided with annular grooves, the bottom surface of the cover plate protrudes with an insert plate which fits in the annular groove on the top surface of the impurity removing outer cylinder, and the bottom end of the blocking inner cover fits in the annular groove on the top surface of the support plate.
4. The positive and negative pressure separation and impurity removal equipment for stored grain in a granary according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed hopper, the grain feed pipe, the conical dust outlet net and the blocking inner cover are coaxially fixedly connected in pairs, and the rotating shaft and the grain feed pipe are coaxially arranged.
5. The positive and negative pressure separation and impurity removal equipment for stored grain in a granary according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mesh diameter of the conical dust outlet net is larger than the mesh diameter of the grain blocking air inlet net. The grain blocking air inlet net is conical and the conical angle and height are smaller than the conical dust outlet net.
6. The positive and negative pressure separation and impurity removal equipment for stored grain in a granary according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reduction assembly includes a reduction gear plate coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft, a sun gear fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of planetary gears connecting the sun gear and the reduction gear plate, wherein the rotating shaft located on the upper and lower sides of the reduction gear plate is in two sections, one section is fixedly connected to the sun gear, and the other section is coaxially fixedly connected to the reduction gear plate.
7. The positive and negative pressure separation and impurity removal equipment for stored grain in a granary according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust inlet pipe connected to an exhaust fan is provided on one side of the dust treatment cylinder, a dust-proof net is provided on the top of the dust treatment cylinder, and a dust outlet pipe is connected to the bottom end of the dust treatment cylinder.
8. The positive and negative pressure separation and impurity removal equipment for stored grain in a granary according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection assembly includes a plurality of exhaust pipes inserted into the top end of the outer side of the debris removal outer cylinder and an annular air duct located outside the debris removal outer cylinder and connected to the plurality of exhaust pipes. The plurality of exhaust pipes are located inside the debris removal inner cylinder and are connected to air nozzles. The outer side of the annular air duct is connected to the exhaust port of the exhaust fan through a pipeline.