A hydrothermal treatment system for perishable organic waste

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of kitchen waste treatment, and discloses a hydrothermal treatment system for perishable organic waste. Odor discharge ports of a pretreatment system and a reaction system are connected to an odor treatment device, so that the odor in the pretreatment system and the reaction system is effectively treated. The heat exchange device is respectively connected with a plurality of reaction tanks to form a heat exchange circulation structure, so that the cascade utilization of waste heat is realized, the waste heat is utilized to the greatest extent, and heat loss is avoided. The plurality of reaction tanks are arranged at the output end of the pretreatment system and are connected in sequence, so that the graded hydrothermal treatment of kitchen waste is realized. The kitchen waste treated materials after the reaction system can be effectively distributed through a fertilizer making system, so that the utilization rate of the kitchen waste treated materials is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of restaurant and kitchen waste treatment, in particular to a hydrothermal treatment system for perishable organic waste. Background Art

[0002] Catering waste refers to food leftovers from restaurants, hotels, company canteens, etc., as well as waste from the processing of fruits, vegetables, meat, oils, pastries, etc. in the back kitchen; kitchen waste refers to fruits and vegetables, food scraps, leftovers, melon and fruit peels, and other perishable organic waste discarded in daily family life.

[0003] Whether it is kitchen waste generated by households or catering waste generated by hotels, restaurants and company canteens, its components are mostly degradable organic matter, including starch contained in staple foods, cellulose and pentosan contained in vegetables and plant stems and leaves, protein and fat contained in meat, monosaccharides, fruit acids and pectin (polysaccharides) contained in fruits, etc.; NaCl has the highest content in inorganic salts, and it also contains small amounts of calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron and other elements.

[0004] With the upgrading of consumption in my country, the catering industry has developed rapidly, especially the rapid development of the takeaway industry, and the generation of restaurant kitchen waste has also increased year by year. On the one hand, these restaurant kitchen wastes have increased the burden on the urban sewage treatment system. On the other hand, restaurant kitchen wastes contain a large amount of oil, protein, and sugar substances, and direct treatment is a waste of resources. Therefore, some manufacturers have tried to utilize restaurant kitchen waste as a resource. The current low-temperature utilization method is to use restaurant kitchen waste to raise black soldier flies and anaerobic fermentation, and the medium- and high-temperature utilization method is to heat the restaurant kitchen waste to 200-400℃ for hydrothermal treatment.

[0005] By treating food waste with medium-high temperature hydrothermal liquefaction technology, organic matter (fat, protein, cellulose and hemicellulose, etc.) in food waste can be converted into bio-oil, which is then sold as biodiesel after further upgrading and purification. Since the treatment temperature is as high as 200-400℃, which exceeds the inactivation temperature of all viruses, bacteria and fungi, some harmful spores, viruses and other pathogens and antibiotics in food waste are degraded at the molecular level, so the liquid products will not cause secondary pollution.

[0006] Even though the medium-high temperature hydrothermal liquefaction technology is used to treat food waste, it is harmless and resource-based, but it has been difficult to promote and use the technology, mainly because it is difficult to effectively reuse the system heat and the cost is too high:

[0007] For the thermal hydrolysis reaction of food waste, even at a reaction temperature of 200-400°C, it still takes at least 30 minutes to achieve a complete thermal hydrolysis reaction, so an intermittent reactor is generally set up. After the reaction is completed, the heat recovery method commonly used in the industry is to pass the material into a shell and tube heat exchanger to exchange heat between the high-temperature material that has completed the reaction and the cold material that has not reacted. However, it is difficult to switch the high-temperature and high-pressure materials in the intermittent reactor from a sealed, static state to a flowing state. The loss of materials in the reactor will cause a decrease in pressure, resulting in gasification of the materials. In addition, the viscosity of cold food waste materials is high and it is difficult to flow at high speed, which in turn leads to a low heat transfer coefficient and difficulty in effective heat exchange. In short, the current technical difficulty lies in the fact that the static, long-term thermal hydrolysis reaction cannot be effectively connected with a continuous, high-flow rate heat exchange device, resulting in heat waste after the reaction and poor economy.

[0008] In short, the high investment and operating costs make it difficult to widely promote the hydrothermal treatment technology of food waste. The current technology is unable to effectively process the waste heat, which easily leads to heat loss and waste of resources. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrothermal treatment system for perishable organic waste, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that when perishable organic waste is treated in a medium or high temperature environment, the waste heat cannot be utilized, which easily causes heat loss and the utilization rate of kitchen waste after treatment is low.

[0010] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0011] A hydrothermal treatment system for perishable organic waste comprises a pretreatment system, a reaction system, a fertilizer making system, a heat exchange system and an odor treatment device; the odor discharge ports of the pretreatment system and the reaction system are connected to the odor treatment device; the reaction system comprises a plurality of reaction tanks, which are connected in sequence and each of which is provided with a heat exchange coil; the output end of the pretreatment system is connected to the input end of the head end reaction tank and the input end of the fertilizer making system of the tail end reaction tank, and the heat exchange system is connected to the plurality of reaction tanks respectively to form a heat exchange circulation structure.

[0012] Preferably, the plurality of reaction tanks include a first reaction tank, a second reaction tank and a third reaction tank, wherein the first reaction tank, the second reaction tank and the third reaction tank are each provided with a heat exchange coil; the output end of the pretreatment system is connected to the input end of the first reaction tank, the output end of the first reaction tank is connected to the input end of the second reaction tank, the output end of the second reaction tank is connected to the input end of the third reaction tank, and the output end of the third reaction tank is connected to the input end of the fertilizer making system; the heat exchange system is connected to the first reaction tank, the second reaction tank and the third reaction tank to form a heat exchange circulation structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat exchange system includes a four-way valve, a heater and a cooler; one interface of the four-way valve is connected to the output end of the heater, and the other three interfaces are respectively connected to the input ends of the heat exchange coils in the first reaction tank, the second reaction tank and the third reaction tank; the output ends of the heat exchange coils in the first reaction tank, the second reaction tank and the third reaction tank are collected and connected to the input ends of the heater and the cooler respectively, and the output end of the cooler is connected to the input end of the heater.

[0014] Furthermore, a first oil draining device is provided at the lower end of the first reaction tank, a second oil draining device is provided at the lower end of the second reaction tank, and a third oil draining device is provided at the lower end of the third reaction tank.

[0015] Furthermore, a first delivery pump is provided between the first reaction tank and the second reaction tank, a second delivery pump is provided between the second reaction tank and the third reaction tank, and a third delivery pump is provided between the third delivery pump and the fertilizer making system.

[0016] Furthermore, the tops of the first reaction tank, the second reaction tank and the third reaction tank are all provided with odor discharge ports, and the odor discharge ports are connected to the input end of the odor treatment device.

[0017] Preferably, the pretreatment system includes a hopper, a crusher, a sorting pulping machine and a grinding pump; the output port of the hopper is connected to the input port of the crusher, the output port of the crusher is connected to the input port of the sorting pulping machine, and the output port of the sorting pulping machine is connected to the input end of the head end reaction tank through the grinding pump.

[0018] Furthermore, the top and bottom ends of the hopper are both provided with odor discharge ports, and the odor discharge ports are connected to the input end of the odor treatment device.

[0019] Preferably, the fertilizer making system includes an oil separator, an oil tank and a blending tank, the input end of the oil separator is connected to the output end of the tail end reaction tank, and a branch is set at the output end of the oil separator, one branch is connected to the input end of the oil tank, and the other branch is connected to the input end of the blending tank.

[0020] Preferably, the input end of the blending tank is also connected to the raw material tank.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] The present invention provides a hydrothermal treatment system for perishable organic waste. The odor exhaust ports of a pretreatment system and a reaction system are connected to an odor treatment device, so that the odor in the pretreatment system and the reaction system is effectively treated. The heat exchange device is respectively connected with a plurality of reaction tanks to form a heat exchange circulation structure, so that the cascade utilization of waste heat is realized, the waste heat is utilized to the greatest extent, and heat loss is avoided. The plurality of reaction tanks are arranged at the output end of the pretreatment system and are connected in sequence, so that graded hydrothermal treatment of food waste is realized. The food waste processed materials after the reaction system can be effectively distributed through the fertilizer making system, so that the utilization rate of the food waste processed materials is greatly improved.

[0023] Furthermore, the plurality of reaction tanks include a first reaction tank, a second reaction tank and a third reaction tank, and the heat exchange system is connected with the first reaction tank, the second reaction tank and the third reaction tank to form a heat exchange circulation structure, thereby realizing the cascade utilization of waste heat, maximizing the utilization of waste heat and reducing operating costs.

[0024] Furthermore, one interface of the four-way valve is connected to the output end of the heater, and the other three interfaces are respectively connected to the input ends of the heat exchange coils in the first reaction tank, the second reaction tank and the third reaction tank. The output ends of the heat exchange coils in the first reaction tank, the second reaction tank and the third reaction tank are collected and connected to the input ends of the heater and the cooler respectively, and the output end of the cooler is connected to the input end of the heater. The intermediate medium flows through the heater and the cooler at the same time, which can realize rapid heating / cooling of the intermediate medium, thereby transferring heat / cold to the reactor, ensuring precise control of the reactor temperature.

[0025] Furthermore, the first reaction tank, the second reaction tank and the third reaction tank are provided with oil discharge devices, which can effectively separate the bio-oil produced by the hydrothermal reaction from the reaction materials.

[0026] Furthermore, a first delivery pump is provided between the first reaction tank and the second reaction tank, a second delivery pump is provided between the second reaction tank and the third reaction tank, and a third delivery pump is provided between the third delivery pump and the fertilizer making system, so as to realize the cascade utilization of waste heat, maximize the utilization of waste heat, and reduce the operating cost.

[0027] Furthermore, the output port of the hopper is connected to the input port of the crusher, the output port of the crusher is connected to the input port of the sorting pulping machine, the output port of the sorting pulping machine is connected to the input end of the head end reaction tank through a grinding pump, a crusher is provided at the bottom of the hopper, and the hopper-crusher-sorting pulping machine is arranged in high and low positions, and a single process is used to realize the storage, primary crushing, sorting and pulping of food waste materials, saving the increased operating costs caused by multi-stage transportation. At the same time, the addition of the crusher reduces the workload of the sorting pulping machine, which helps to improve the pulping efficiency and effect. A grinding pump is used to grind the material to 1-2μm, thereby increasing the reaction efficiency and achieving the maximum oil production rate.

[0028] Furthermore, the input end of the oil separation device is connected to the output end of the tail end reaction tank, and a branch line is set at the output end of the oil separation device, one branch line is connected to the input end of the oil tank, and the other branch line is connected to the input end of the mixing tank. A fertilizer mixing device is set to mix the material sterilized by high temperature into plant foliar fertilizer, thereby improving the utilization rate of the processed kitchen waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrothermal treatment system of perishable organic waste in the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1 is a hopper; 2 is a crusher; 3 is a sorting pulping machine; 4 is a grinding pump; 5 is a first reaction tank; 6 is a second reaction tank; 7 is a third reaction tank; 8 is a first delivery pump; 9 is a second delivery pump; 10 is a third delivery pump; 11 is an oil separation device; 12 is an odor treatment device; 13 is a four-way valve; 14 is a heater; 15 is a cooler; 16 is a raw material tank; 17 is an oil tank; 18 is a blending tank; 5a is a first oil discharge device; 6a is a second oil discharge device; 7a is a third oil discharge device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0033] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0034] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrothermal treatment system for perishable organic waste to solve the technical problems in the prior art that waste heat cannot be recovered when perishable organic waste is treated in a medium or high temperature environment, which easily causes heat loss and low utilization rate of kitchen waste after treatment.

[0035] Specifically, Figure 1 The hydrothermal treatment system of perishable organic waste comprises a pretreatment system, a reaction system, a fertilizer making system, a heat exchange system and an odor treatment device 12; the odor discharge ports of the pretreatment system and the reaction system are connected to the odor treatment device 12; the reaction system comprises a plurality of reaction tanks, which are connected in sequence and are each provided with a heat exchange coil; the output end of the pretreatment system is connected to the input end of the head end reaction tank and the input end of the fertilizer making system of the tail end reaction tank, and the heat exchange system is respectively connected to the plurality of reaction tanks to form a heat exchange circulation structure.

[0036] Specifically, the plurality of reaction tanks include a first reaction tank 5, a second reaction tank 6 and a third reaction tank 7, wherein the first reaction tank 5, the second reaction tank 6 and the third reaction tank 7 are each provided with a heat exchange coil; the output end of the pretreatment system is connected to the input end of the first reaction tank 5, the output end of the first reaction tank 5 is connected to the input end of the second reaction tank 6, the output end of the second reaction tank 6 is connected to the input end of the third reaction tank 7, and the output end of the third reaction tank 7 is connected to the input end of the fertilizer making system; the heat exchange system is connected to the first reaction tank 5, the second reaction tank 6 and the third reaction tank 7 to form a heat exchange circulation structure.

[0037] Among them, the heat exchange system includes a four-way valve 13, a heater 14 and a cooler 15; one interface of the four-way valve 13 is connected to the output end of the heater 14, and the other three interfaces are respectively connected to the input ends of the heat exchange coils in the first reaction tank 5, the second reaction tank 6 and the third reaction tank 7. The output ends of the heat exchange coils in the first reaction tank 5, the second reaction tank 6 and the third reaction tank 7 are collected and connected to the input ends of the heater 14 and the cooler 15 respectively, and the output end of the cooler 15 is connected to the input end of the heater 14.

[0038] Among them, a first oil discharge device 5a is provided at the lower end of the first reaction tank 5, a second oil discharge device 6a is provided at the lower end of the second reaction tank 6, and a third oil discharge device 7a is provided at the lower end of the third reaction tank 7. At a specific time, the residual separated oil in the first reaction tank 5, the second reaction tank 6 and the third reaction tank 7 are discharged and collected through the first oil discharge device 5a, the second oil discharge device 6a and the third oil discharge device 7a respectively.

[0039] A first delivery pump 8 is provided between the first reaction tank 5 and the second reaction tank 6 , a second delivery pump 9 is provided between the second reaction tank 6 and the third reaction tank 7 , and a third delivery pump 10 is provided between the third delivery pump 7 and the fertilizer making system.

[0040] The tops of the first reaction tank 5 , the second reaction tank 6 and the third reaction tank 7 are all provided with odor discharge ports, and the odor discharge ports are connected to the input end of the odor treatment device 12 .

[0041] Specifically, the pretreatment system includes a hopper 1, a crusher 2, a sorting pulping machine 3 and a grinding pump 4; the output port of the hopper 1 is connected to the input port of the crusher 2, the output port of the crusher 2 is connected to the input port of the sorting pulping machine 3, and the output port of the sorting pulping machine 3 is connected to the input end of the head end reaction tank through the grinding pump 4.

[0042] The top and bottom ends of the hopper 1 are both provided with odor discharge ports, and the odor discharge ports are connected to the input end of the odor treatment device 12 .

[0043] Specifically, the fertilizer making system includes an oil separator 11, an oil tank 17 and a blending tank 18, wherein the input end of the oil separator 11 is connected to the output end of the tail end reaction tank, and a branch is set at the output end of the oil separator 11, wherein one branch is connected to the input end of the oil tank 17, and the other branch is connected to the input end of the blending tank 18, wherein the input end of the blending tank 18 is also connected to the raw material tank 16.

[0044] The crusher 2 in the present invention includes but is not limited to a jaw crusher, a hammer crusher, a knife crusher, and the like.

[0045] The odor treatment device 12 includes but is not limited to a wastewater biological treatment device, an anaerobic nitrification device, an MBR device, and the like.

[0046] The cooler 15 includes but is not limited to a compressor refrigerator, an air cooling tower, etc.

[0047] The intermediate medium flowing in the heat exchange coil includes but is not limited to water, R134a, molten salt, heat transfer oil, etc.

[0048] The heater 14 may be in the form of electric heating, gas heating, coal heating, oil heating, electromagnetic induction heating, etc.

[0049] The oil separator 11 may be in the form of a tank separator, a tower separator, a spiral separator, etc., but is not limited to the above.

[0050] In summary, the present invention provides a hydrothermal treatment system for perishable organic waste, wherein the odor exhaust ports of the pretreatment system and the reaction system are connected to the odor treatment device, so that the odor in the pretreatment system and the reaction system is effectively treated, and the heat exchange device is respectively connected with a plurality of reaction tanks to form a heat exchange circulation structure, so that the waste heat is utilized in stages, and the waste heat is utilized to the greatest extent, and heat loss is avoided. The plurality of reaction tanks are arranged at the output end of the pretreatment system and are connected in sequence, so that graded hydrothermal treatment of food waste is realized, and the food waste processed materials after the reaction system can be effectively distributed through the fertilizer making system, thereby greatly improving the utilization rate of the food waste processed materials.

[0051] The present invention realizes step-by-step heat recovery by setting an intermediate heat exchange device, thereby effectively reducing the heating power required for system operation. By setting a primary crushing device, efficient separation of food waste can be achieved. By setting a cooling tower, the reaction temperature can be flexibly adjusted to achieve full temperature range processing for food waste with different source characteristics, thereby increasing the universality of the system. By setting a fertilizer blending device, the material after high-temperature sterilization can be blended into plant foliar fertilizer, thereby increasing by-product income.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrothermal treatment system for perishable organic waste, characterized in that: It comprises a pretreatment system, a reaction system, a fertilizer making system, a heat exchange system and an odor treatment device (12); the odor discharge ports of the pretreatment system and the reaction system are connected to the odor treatment device (12); the reaction system comprises a plurality of reaction tanks, the plurality of reaction tanks are connected in sequence, and a heat exchange coil is arranged in each of the plurality of reaction tanks; the output end of the pretreatment system is connected to the input end of the head end reaction tank and the input end of the fertilizer making system of the tail end reaction tank, and the heat exchange system is respectively connected to the plurality of reaction tanks to form a heat exchange circulation structure; The plurality of reaction tanks include a first reaction tank (5), a second reaction tank (6) and a third reaction tank (7), wherein the first reaction tank (5), the second reaction tank (6) and the third reaction tank (7) are each provided with a heat exchange coil; the output end of the pretreatment system is connected to the input end of the first reaction tank (5), the output end of the first reaction tank (5) is connected to the input end of the second reaction tank (6), the output end of the second reaction tank (6) is connected to the input end of the third reaction tank (7), and the output end of the third reaction tank (7) is connected to the input end of the fertilizer making system; the heat exchange system is connected to the first reaction tank (5), the second reaction tank (6) and the third reaction tank (7) to form a heat exchange circulation structure; The heat exchange system comprises a four-way valve (13), a heater (14) and a cooler (15); one interface of the four-way valve (13) is connected to the output end of the heater (14), and the other three interfaces are respectively connected to the input ends of the heat exchange coils in the first reaction tank (5), the second reaction tank (6) and the third reaction tank (7); the output ends of the heat exchange coils in the first reaction tank (5), the second reaction tank (6) and the third reaction tank (7) are collected and respectively connected to the input ends of the heater (14) and the cooler (15); the output end of the cooler (15) is connected to the input end of the heater (14); The pretreatment system comprises a hopper (1), a crusher (2), a sorting pulping machine (3) and a grinding pump (4); the output port of the hopper (1) is connected to the input port of the crusher (2), the output port of the crusher (2) is connected to the input port of the sorting pulping machine (3), and the output port of the sorting pulping machine (3) is connected to the input end of the head end reaction tank through the grinding pump (4); The fertilizer making system comprises an oil separator (11), an oil tank (17) and a blending tank (18), wherein the input end of the oil separator (11) is connected to the output end of the tail end reaction tank, and a branch line is arranged at the output end of the oil separator (11), wherein one branch line is connected to the input end of the oil tank (17), and the other branch line is connected to the input end of the blending tank (18).

2. A hydrothermal treatment system for perishable organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first oil discharge device (5a) is provided at the lower end of the first reaction tank (5), a second oil discharge device (6a) is provided at the lower end of the second reaction tank (6), and a third oil discharge device (7a) is provided at the lower end of the third reaction tank (7).

3. The hydrothermal treatment system for perishable organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first delivery pump (8) is provided between the first reaction tank (5) and the second reaction tank (6), a second delivery pump (9) is provided between the second reaction tank (6) and the third reaction tank (7), and a third delivery pump (10) is provided between the third reaction tank (7) and the fertilizer production system.

4. The hydrothermal treatment system for perishable organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tops of the first reaction tank (5), the second reaction tank (6) and the third reaction tank (7) are all provided with odor discharge ports, and the odor discharge ports are connected to the input end of the odor treatment device (12).

5. A hydrothermal treatment system for perishable organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom ends of the hopper (1) are both provided with odor discharge ports, and the odor discharge ports are connected to the input end of the odor treatment device (12).

6. A hydrothermal treatment system for perishable organic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the blending tank (18) is also connected to the raw material tank (16).

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