A ladle for use in smelting to improve the purity and surface quality of superalloys and a method of use thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and provides a tundish for smelting to improve the purity of high-temperature alloy and a use method thereof. U-shaped filter screen, first sheet filter screen, second sheet filter screen and third sheet filter screen are sequentially arranged in the tundish from left to right, and a pouring opening is arranged at the bottom of the tundish. The tundish for smelting to improve the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloy master alloy has a simple structure, and the tundish is designed without a baffle. The U-shaped filter screen can increase the contact area of the falling molten steel and effectively reduce splashing. The design of the baffle-free structure can intercept most of the slag and inclusions at the U-shaped filter screen and the first sheet filter screen in the initial pouring stage. The second sheet filter screen and the third sheet filter screen with small pore diameters reduce the pressure of slag blocking and avoid dam break accidents, reduce the pouring time, and reduce the temperature drop of the alloy liquid, thereby improving the purity of the high-temperature alloy. The content of inclusions in the high-temperature alloy master alloy prepared by smelting is controlled to be below 0.5.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metallurgical technology, and in particular to a smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature alloys possess excellent high-temperature mechanical properties and resistance to oxidation and corrosion, and are mainly used in the manufacture of hot-end components for aero engines and gas turbines. Due to the generation of slag and inclusions during the smelting process, the high-temperature alloy master alloy is filtered through a filter screen in a chute after smelting and then poured into a mold. The alloy liquid in the mold solidifies and cools to form a master alloy ingot.

[0003] In the smelting and casting process, the existing slag baffle chute has the following main problems: (1) Inclusions in the molten alloy cannot immediately float to the surface of the molten alloy, which greatly reduces the function of the slag baffle. The inclusions and slag that are not blocked will block the filter screen and cause the molten alloy to overflow the filter screen and be poured directly into the mold tube, resulting in the scrapping of the alloy ingot due to the presence of a large number of inclusions; (2) Due to the small contact area when the molten alloy is poured to the surface of the chute, it is very easy to form splashes. The splashes solidify first in the un-poured mold tube, which may cause the final alloy ingot to have casting defects; (3) After the molten alloy is poured into the chute from the crucible, the slag baffle is easily eroded by the high-temperature molten alloy for a long time, causing the refractory material of the slag baffle to fall off and enter the molten alloy. Finally, it exists in the form of inclusions in the master alloy ingot, resulting in the scrapping of the alloy ingot due to the presence of a large number of inclusions. Because high-temperature alloys are used in special environments, the purity requirements of the alloys are extremely high. Therefore, developing a chute that can reduce splashing during casting and significantly reduce inclusions in the high-temperature alloy master alloy is of great engineering significance for improving the purity and surface quality of the high-temperature alloy master alloy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome and supplement the deficiencies in the existing technology, and to provide a smelting chute and its usage method for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys. This chute and its usage method can reduce the intensity of splashing during casting and significantly reduce inclusions in the high-temperature alloy master alloy. The baffle-free design and U-shaped filter screen increase the contact area of ​​the molten steel as it falls, effectively reducing splashing. The baffle-free structure allows most of the slag to be intercepted at the U-shaped filter screen and the first sheet filter screen in the early stages of casting. If the U-shaped filter screen and the first sheet filter screen are blocked by slag or inclusions, the molten steel can flow over them and directly to the second and third sheet filters for filtration, avoiding the risk of changing the chute midway and the occurrence of overflow accidents. This reduces casting time, minimizes the temperature drop of the alloy liquid, and thus improves the purity of the high-temperature alloy.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0006] A smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys and its usage method, wherein: a chute is provided, and a U-shaped filter screen, a first sheet filter screen, a second sheet filter screen, and a third sheet filter screen are arranged sequentially from left to right in the chute, and a pouring port is provided at the bottom of the chute between the chute and the third sheet filter screen.

[0007] Preferably, the smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of the high-temperature alloy master alloy has the following characteristics: the chute has a length of 600-1200 mm, a width of 200-400 mm, a depth of 180-550 mm, and a wall thickness of 10-60 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of the high-temperature alloy master alloy comprises: a groove on each of the two side walls of the chute; a protrusion on each side of the U-shaped filter screen that cooperates with the groove; the horizontal length of the U-shaped filter screen is 3 / 8 of the total length of the chute; the distance from the top of each side of the U-shaped filter screen to the bottom of the chute is 200-400 mm; and the mesh size of the U-shaped filter screen is 5-30 PPI.

[0009] Preferably, in the smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of the high-temperature alloy master alloy, a second protrusion is provided on the side of the first sheet-like filter screen near the bottom of the chute, a second groove is provided at the bottom of the chute to cooperate with the second protrusion, the vertical height of the first sheet-like filter screen is 1 / 2 of the depth of the chute, and the mesh size of the first sheet-like filter screen 3 is 5 to 30 PPI.

[0010] Preferably, in the smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of the high-temperature alloy master alloy, a protrusion three is provided on the side of the second sheet-like filter screen near the bottom of the chute, a groove three is provided at the bottom of the chute to cooperate with the protrusion three, the vertical height of the second sheet-like filter screen is 2 / 3 of the depth of the chute, the distance between the second sheet-like filter screen and the first sheet-like filter screen is 1 / 8 of the total length of the chute 1, and the mesh size of the second sheet-like filter screen is 5-30 PPI.

[0011] Preferably, in the smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of the high-temperature alloy master alloy, the third sheet-like filter screen has a protrusion four on one side near the bottom of the chute, a groove four that cooperates with the protrusion four is provided at the bottom of the chute, the vertical height of the third sheet-like filter screen is 2 / 3 of the depth of the chute, and the mesh size of the third sheet-like filter screen is 10-30 PPI.

[0012] Preferably, in the smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of the high-temperature alloy master alloy, the diameter of the pouring port is 10-40 mm, and the distance between the pouring port and the third sheet-like filter screen is 1 / 4 of the chute length.

[0013] A method for using a smelting chute to improve the purity and surface quality of a high-temperature alloy master alloy, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. Install the U-shaped filter screen, the first sheet filter screen, the second sheet filter screen, and the third sheet filter screen in the chute from left to right. After installation, remove dust and bake the chute at a temperature of 650-1100℃ for 2-5 hours.

[0015] S2. 5 to 15 minutes before the start of alloy liquid pouring, send the baked chute into the vacuum induction furnace casting chamber;

[0016] S3. Melting the alloy: Adjust the temperature of the melted alloy to 1480-1550℃, pour the alloy into a chute, and filter the alloy through a U-shaped filter screen, a first sheet filter screen, a second sheet filter screen, and a third sheet filter screen in the chute. Finally, inject the alloy into the mold through the pouring port to complete the casting of the high-temperature alloy ingot.

[0017] Advantages of this invention:

[0018] (1) The smelting chute of the present invention for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloy master alloy has a simple structure. The chute adopts a baffle-less design. The U-shaped filter screen can increase the contact area when the molten steel falls, effectively reducing splashing. The baffle-less structure design can intercept most of the slag and inclusions in the U-shaped filter screen and the first plate filter screen in the early stage of casting. If the U-shaped filter screen and the first plate filter screen are blocked by slag or inclusions, the molten steel can overflow through them and go directly to the second plate filter screen and the third plate filter screen for filtration, avoiding the risk of changing the chute midway and the occurrence of overflow accidents, reducing the casting time, and reducing the temperature drop of the alloy liquid, thereby improving the purity of the high-temperature alloy. The present invention can significantly reduce the inclusion content of high-temperature alloy ingots. The inclusion content in the high-temperature alloy master alloy prepared by smelting is controlled to below 0.5 grade, which is especially suitable for the industrial production of high-temperature alloy master alloys with high requirements for inclusion content. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the chute AA used in this invention to improve the purity of alloy ingots.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the chute for improving the purity of alloy ingots according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the chute in the prior art shown in Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0022] In the diagram: 1-Channel, 2-U-shaped filter screen, 3-First sheet filter screen, 4-Second sheet filter screen, 5-Third sheet filter screen, 6-Pour port. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figure 1-2 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys and its usage method, wherein: it includes a chute 1, and a U-shaped filter screen 2, a first sheet filter screen 3, a second sheet filter screen 4, and a third sheet filter screen 5 are arranged sequentially from left to right in the chute 1. A pouring port 6 is provided at the bottom of the chute 1 between the chute 1 and the third sheet filter screen 5, and 7 is the position for injecting molten alloy.

[0026] Wherein: the chute 1 has a length of 800mm, a width of 300mm, a depth of 260mm, and a wall thickness of 30mm.

[0027] Wherein: both sides of the chute 1 are provided with a groove 1, both sides of the U-shaped filter screen 2 are provided with a protrusion 1 that cooperates with the groove 1, the horizontal length of the U-shaped filter screen 2 is 3 / 8 of the total length of the chute 1, the distance from the top of both sides of the U-shaped filter screen 2 to the bottom of the chute 1 is 260mm, the mesh size of the U-shaped filter screen 2 is 5PPI, and the U-shaped filter screen is snapped onto the chute 1 by the cooperation of the protrusion 1 and the groove 1.

[0028] Wherein: a second protrusion is provided on the side of the first sheet filter 3 near the bottom of the chute 1, a second groove is provided at the bottom of the chute 1 to cooperate with the second protrusion, the vertical height of the first sheet filter 3 is 1 / 2 of the depth of the chute 1, the mesh size of the first sheet filter 3 is 10 PPI, and the first sheet filter 3 is engaged on the chute 1 by the cooperation of the second protrusion and the second groove.

[0029] Wherein: a protrusion three is provided on the side of the second sheet filter 4 near the bottom of the chute 1, and a groove three is provided at the bottom of the chute 1 to cooperate with the protrusion three. The vertical height of the second sheet filter 4 is 2 / 3 of the depth of the chute 1. The distance between the second sheet filter 4 and the first sheet filter 3 is 1 / 8 of the total length of the chute 1. The mesh size of the second sheet filter 4 is 20 PPI. The second sheet filter 4 is engaged with the chute 1 by the cooperation of the protrusion three and the groove three.

[0030] Wherein: a protrusion four is provided on the side of the third sheet filter 5 near the bottom of the chute 1, a groove four is provided at the bottom of the chute 1 to cooperate with the protrusion four, the vertical height of the third sheet filter 5 is 2 / 3 of the depth of the chute 1, the mesh size of the third sheet filter 5 is 30PPI, and the third sheet filter 5 is engaged on the chute 1 by the cooperation of the protrusion four and the groove four.

[0031] Wherein: the diameter of the pouring port 6 is 25mm, and the distance between the pouring port 6 and the third sheet filter 5 is 1 / 4 of the length of the chute 1.

[0032] The U-shaped filter screen 2, with a specification of 5 PPI, serves as the first filter for the floating slag on the top of the molten alloy. The first sheet filter screen 3, with a specification of 10 PPI, serves as the second filter for the molten alloy, blocking slag. The second sheet filter screen 4, with a specification of 20 PPI, serves as the third filter for the molten alloy. The vertical height of the second sheet filter screen 4 is designed to be 2 / 3 of the depth of the chute to prevent it from clogging and to allow the molten steel to quickly flow through the filter screen. The third sheet filter screen 5, with a specification of 30 PPI, is located 1 / 4 of the chute length from the end of the chute near the pouring port and serves as the fourth filter for the molten alloy.

[0033] A smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys and its method of use, comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1. Install the U-shaped filter screen, the first sheet filter screen, the second sheet filter screen, and the third sheet filter screen in the chute from left to right. After installation, remove dust and bake the chute at 650℃ for 5 hours.

[0035] S2. Five minutes before the start of alloy liquid pouring, the baked chute is sent into the vacuum induction furnace casting chamber.

[0036] S3. Melting the alloy: Adjust the temperature of the melted alloy to 1480℃, pour the alloy into a chute, and filter the alloy through multiple filters in the chute, including a U-shaped filter, a first sheet filter, a second sheet filter, and a third sheet filter. Finally, inject the alloy into the mold through the pouring port to complete the casting of the high-temperature alloy ingot.

[0037] The chute of this invention was used to complete the smelting and preparation of 4 batches of GH3230 master alloy ingots. The high-temperature alloy selected in this comparative example is a high-temperature alloy GH3230. An existing ordinary chute was used to smelt 4 batches.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] like Figure 1-2 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys and its usage method, wherein: it includes a chute 1, and a U-shaped filter screen 2, a first sheet filter screen 3, a second sheet filter screen 4, and a third sheet filter screen 5 are arranged sequentially from left to right in the chute 1. A pouring port 6 is provided at the bottom of the chute 1 between the chute 1 and the third sheet filter screen 5, and 7 is the position for injecting molten alloy.

[0040] Wherein: the chute 1 has a length of 800mm, a width of 300mm, a depth of 260mm, and a wall thickness of 30mm.

[0041] Wherein: both sides of the chute 1 are provided with a groove 1, both sides of the U-shaped filter screen 2 are provided with a protrusion 1 that cooperates with the groove 1, the horizontal length of the U-shaped filter screen 2 is 3 / 8 of the total length of the chute 1, the distance from the top of both sides of the U-shaped filter screen 2 to the bottom of the chute 1 is 260mm, and the mesh size of the U-shaped filter screen 2 is 5PPI.

[0042] Wherein: a second protrusion is provided on the side of the first sheet filter 3 near the bottom of the chute 1, a second groove is provided at the bottom of the chute 1 to cooperate with the second protrusion, the vertical height of the first sheet filter 3 is 1 / 2 of the depth of the chute 1, and the mesh size of the first sheet filter 3 is 10 PPI.

[0043] Wherein: a protrusion three is provided on the side of the second sheet filter 4 near the bottom of the chute 1, a groove three is provided at the bottom of the chute 1 to cooperate with the protrusion three, the vertical height of the second sheet filter 4 is 2 / 3 of the depth of the chute 1, the distance between the second sheet filter 4 and the first sheet filter 3 is 1 / 8 of the total length of the chute 1, and the mesh size of the second sheet filter 4 is 20 PPI.

[0044] Wherein: a protrusion four is provided on the side of the third sheet filter 5 near the bottom of the chute 1, a groove four is provided at the bottom of the chute 1 to cooperate with the protrusion four, the vertical height of the third sheet filter 5 is 2 / 3 of the depth of the chute 1, and the mesh size of the third sheet filter 5 is 30 PPI.

[0045] Wherein: the diameter of the pouring port 6 is 25mm, and the distance between the pouring port 6 and the third sheet filter 5 is 1 / 4 of the length of the chute 1.

[0046] The U-shaped filter screen 2, with a specification of 5 PPI, serves as the first filter for the floating slag on the top of the molten alloy. The first sheet filter screen 3, with a specification of 10 PPI, serves as the second filter for the molten alloy, blocking slag. The second sheet filter screen 4, with a specification of 20 PPI, serves as the third filter for the molten alloy. The vertical height of the second sheet filter screen 4 is designed to be 2 / 3 of the depth of the chute to prevent it from clogging and to allow the molten steel to quickly flow through the filter screen. The third sheet filter screen 5, with a specification of 30 PPI, is located 1 / 4 of the chute length from the end of the chute near the pouring port and serves as the fourth filter for the molten alloy.

[0047] A smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys and its method of use, comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1. Install the U-shaped filter screen, the first sheet filter screen, the second sheet filter screen, and the third sheet filter screen in the chute from left to right. After installation, remove dust and bake the chute at 800℃ for 3 hours.

[0049] S2. Ten minutes before the start of alloy liquid pouring, the baked chute is sent into the vacuum induction furnace casting chamber.

[0050] S3. Melting the alloy: Adjust the temperature of the melted alloy to 1500℃, pour the alloy into a chute, and filter the alloy through multiple filters in the chute, including a U-shaped filter, a first sheet filter, a second sheet filter, and a third sheet filter. Finally, inject the alloy into the mold through the pouring port to complete the casting of the high-temperature alloy ingot.

[0051] The sluice of the present invention was used to complete the smelting and preparation of 4 batches of K452 master alloy ingots. The high-temperature alloy selected in Comparative Examples 1-2 is a high-temperature alloy K452. An existing ordinary sluice was used to smelt 4 batches.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] like Figure 1-2 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys and its usage method, wherein: it includes a chute 1, and a U-shaped filter screen 2, a first sheet filter screen 3, a second sheet filter screen 4, and a third sheet filter screen 5 are arranged sequentially from left to right in the chute 1. A pouring port 6 is provided at the bottom of the chute 1 between the chute 1 and the third sheet filter screen 5, and 7 is the position for injecting molten alloy.

[0054] Wherein: the chute 1 has a length of 800mm, a width of 300mm, a depth of 260mm, and a wall thickness of 30mm.

[0055] Wherein: both sides of the chute 1 are provided with a groove 1, both sides of the U-shaped filter screen 2 are provided with a protrusion 1 that cooperates with the groove 1, the horizontal length of the U-shaped filter screen 2 is 3 / 8 of the total length of the chute 1, the distance from the top of both sides of the U-shaped filter screen 2 to the bottom of the chute 1 is 260, and the mesh size of the U-shaped filter screen 2 is 5PPI.

[0056] Wherein: a second protrusion is provided on the side of the first sheet filter 3 near the bottom of the chute 1, a second groove is provided at the bottom of the chute 1 to cooperate with the second protrusion, the vertical height of the first sheet filter 3 is 1 / 2 of the depth of the chute 1, and the mesh size of the first sheet filter 3 is 10 PPI.

[0057] Wherein: a protrusion three is provided on the side of the second sheet filter 4 near the bottom of the chute 1, a groove three is provided at the bottom of the chute 1 to cooperate with the protrusion three, the vertical height of the second sheet filter 4 is 2 / 3 of the depth of the chute 1, the distance between the second sheet filter 4 and the first sheet filter 3 is 1 / 8 of the total length of the chute 1, and the mesh size of the second sheet filter 4 is 20 PPI.

[0058] Wherein: a protrusion four is provided on the side of the third sheet filter 5 near the bottom of the chute 1, a groove four is provided at the bottom of the chute 1 to cooperate with the protrusion four, the vertical height of the third sheet filter 5 is 2 / 3 of the depth of the chute 1, and the mesh size of the third sheet filter 5 is 30 PPI.

[0059] Wherein: the diameter of the pouring port 6 is 25mm, and the distance between the pouring port 6 and the third sheet filter 5 is 1 / 4 of the length of the chute 1.

[0060] The U-shaped filter screen 2, with a specification of 5 PPI, serves as the first filter for the floating slag on the top of the molten alloy. The first sheet filter screen 3, with a specification of 10 PPI, serves as the second filter for the molten alloy, blocking slag. The second sheet filter screen 4, with a specification of 20 PPI, serves as the third filter for the molten alloy. The vertical height of the second sheet filter screen 4 is designed to be 2 / 3 of the depth of the chute to prevent it from clogging and to allow the molten steel to quickly flow through the filter screen. The third sheet filter screen 5, with a specification of 30 PPI, is located 1 / 4 of the chute length from the end of the chute near the pouring port and serves as the fourth filter for the molten alloy.

[0061] A smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys and its method of use, comprising the following steps:

[0062] S1. Install the U-shaped filter screen, the first sheet filter screen, the second sheet filter screen, and the third sheet filter screen in the chute from left to right. After installation, remove dust and bake the chute at 1100℃ for 2 hours.

[0063] S2. 15 minutes before the start of alloy liquid pouring, send the baked chute into the vacuum induction furnace casting chamber;

[0064] S3. Melting the alloy: Adjust the temperature of the melted alloy to 1550℃, pour the alloy into a chute, and filter the alloy through multiple filters in the chute, including a U-shaped filter, a first sheet filter, a second sheet filter, and a third sheet filter. Finally, inject the alloy into the mold through the pouring port to complete the casting of the high-temperature alloy ingot.

[0065] The chute of this invention was used to complete the smelting and preparation of four batches of K4648 master alloy ingots. The high-temperature alloy selected in Comparative Examples 1-3 is K4648, and four batches were smelted using an existing conventional chute. The structure of the existing conventional chute is as follows: Figure 3 The sluices used in Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 are used in the same way, as are the sluices used in Comparative Example 2 and Example 2, and the sluices used in Comparative Example 3 and Example 3.

[0066] The inclusion content of the high-temperature alloy master alloy ingots obtained in the examples and comparative examples was detected, and the results are shown in Table 1:

[0067] Table 1. Comparison of inclusion grades in high-temperature alloy master alloy ingots prepared in the examples and comparative examples.

[0068]

[0069] As shown in Table 1, the content of slag and inclusions in the high-temperature alloy master alloy cast by the sluice and its usage method of the present invention is significantly lower than that of the master alloy cast by the existing sluice, and the surface qualification rate is significantly improved. This indicates that the smelting sluice and its usage method of the present invention can effectively reduce the content of slag and inclusions in high-temperature alloys and improve the purity and surface quality of the alloy.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys, characterized in that: Includes a chute (1), in which a U-shaped filter screen (2), a first sheet filter screen (3), a second sheet filter screen (4), and a third sheet filter screen (5) are arranged from left to right in the chute (1), and a pouring port (6) is provided at the bottom of the chute (1) between the chute (1) and the third sheet filter screen (5). The chute (1) has grooves on both sides, and the U-shaped filter (2) has protrusions on both sides that cooperate with the grooves. The horizontal length of the U-shaped filter (2) is 3 / 8 of the total length of the chute (1). The first sheet filter (3) has a protrusion two on one side near the bottom of the chute (1), and the bottom of the chute (1) has a groove two that cooperates with the protrusion two. The vertical height of the first sheet filter (3) is 1 / 2 of the depth of the chute (1). The second sheet filter (4) has a protrusion three on one side near the bottom of the chute (1), and the bottom of the chute (1) has a groove three that cooperates with the protrusion three. The vertical height of the second sheet filter (4) is 2 / 3 of the depth of the chute (1), and the distance between the second sheet filter (4) and the first sheet filter (3) is 1 / 8 of the total length of the chute (1). The third sheet filter (5) has a protrusion four on one side near the bottom of the chute (1), and the bottom of the chute (1) has a groove four that cooperates with the protrusion four. The vertical height of the third sheet filter (5) is 2 / 3 of the depth of the chute (1). The distance between the pouring port (6) and the third sheet filter (5) is 1 / 4 of the length of the chute (1).

2. The smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The chute (1) has a length of 600~1200 mm, a width of 200~400 mm, a depth of 180~550 mm, and a wall thickness of 10~60 mm.

3. The smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the top of both sides of the U-shaped filter (2) and the bottom of the chute (1) is 200~400 mm, and the mesh size of the U-shaped filter (2) is 5~30 PPI.

4. The smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh size of the first sheet filter (3) is 5~30 PPI.

5. The smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh size of the second sheet filter (4) is 5~30 PPI.

6. The smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh size of the third sheet filter (5) is 10~30 PPI.

7. The smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the pouring gate (6) is 10~40mm.

8. The method of using the smelting chute for improving the purity and surface quality of high-temperature alloys as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Install U-shaped filter screen (2), first sheet filter screen (3), second sheet filter screen (4) and third sheet filter screen (5) in the chute (1) from left to right. After installation, remove dust and bake the chute (1) at a temperature of 650~1100℃ for 2~5 hours. S2. 5-15 minutes before the alloy liquid is poured, send the baked chute (1) into the vacuum induction furnace casting chamber; S3. Melting the alloy: Adjust the temperature of the melted alloy liquid to 1480~1550℃, pour the alloy liquid into the chute (1), and the alloy liquid is filtered multiple times through the U-shaped filter screen (2), the first sheet filter screen (3), the second sheet filter screen (4), and the third sheet filter screen (5) in the chute (1). Finally, it is injected into the module through the pouring port (6) to complete the pouring of the high-temperature alloy ingot.

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