Water-air dual medium switchable propulsion device

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses a water-air dual medium switchable propelling device, which comprises a duct shell, a bidirectional driving structure, and a pneumatic screw assembly and a water screw assembly; the bidirectional driving structure comprises a rotating mechanism formed with two connecting ends, and a speed reduction mechanism connected to one of the connecting ends of the rotating mechanism; the water screw assembly is connected to one end of the rotating mechanism connected with the speed reduction mechanism through a first one-way rotating piece, and the pneumatic screw assembly is connected to the other connecting end of the rotating mechanism through a second one-way rotating piece; the first one-way rotating piece and the second one-way rotating piece can be locked in only one direction; the locking directions of the first one-way rotating piece and the second one-way rotating piece are opposite. The switchable adjustment of the pneumatic screw assembly and the water screw assembly is realized, the integrated operation requirement of the underwater and aerial propelling functions is achieved, and the whole has the advantages of compact structure, light weight, high reliability and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The embodiment of the present application relates to the field of vehicle propulsion technology, in particular to a water-air dual-medium switchable propulsion device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The ocean is the main border of China and the strategic channel to the world sea area, and the complex sea-air environment and combat task requirements put forward the requirements of strong space adaptability, high maneuverability and high concealment to the design and manufacture of vehicles. The cross-water-air medium vehicle can independently navigate in water-air medium and realize stable motion transition, which can effectively reduce the complexity of cross-space unmanned system cooperative combat, greatly expand the navigation space and application scenarios, and form multi-dimensional situation awareness, information interaction and full-space penetration capability.

[0003] In order to ensure that the cross-water-air medium vehicle continuously and stably operates in two or more media, the propulsion device needs to meet the power demand of navigation mode switching. The working principle and design principle of the propulsion system in different medium environments are completely different. The characteristics of the water-driven propeller are large torque and low speed, and the characteristics of the aerodynamic propeller are small torque and high speed. The traditional propulsion form cannot adapt to the working environment of multiple media. Even if the rocket propeller is not limited, the propulsion characteristics in the air and underwater are quite different.

[0004] If the cross-water-air vehicle adopts two sets of propulsion devices respectively used in underwater and air, the volume and weight of the whole propulsion system will increase, thereby causing the reduction of propulsion efficiency and the increase of system complexity, and the usability is not high. Because the propulsion forms in water and air are difficult to be universal, a new type of cross-water-air medium integrated propeller needs to be designed to meet the motion demand in different media. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application provides a water-air dual-medium switchable propulsion device, which realizes switchable adjustment of the aerodynamic screw assembly and the water-driven screw assembly by adjusting the output torque and speed, thereby realizing the integration of underwater and air propulsion functions. At the same time, the cooperative matching of the structures of the two further makes the whole have the characteristics of compact structure, light weight, high reliability and the like.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0007] In one aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a water-air dual-medium switchable propulsion device is provided, which comprises a duct housing with a cavity formed therethrough, a bidirectional driving structure partially located in the cavity and coaxially arranged with the duct housing, and an aerodynamic screw assembly and a water-driven screw assembly respectively arranged at one end of the bidirectional driving structure; wherein,

[0008] The bidirectional driving structure comprises a rotating mechanism with two connecting ends, and a speed reduction mechanism connected to one of the connecting ends of the rotating mechanism;

[0009] The water-driven screw assembly is connected to one end of the rotating mechanism connected with the speed reduction mechanism through a first one-way rotating member, and the air-driven screw assembly is connected to the other connecting end of the rotating mechanism through a second one-way rotating member;

[0010] The first one-way rotating member and the second one-way rotating member can be locked in only one direction, and when the first one-way rotating member or the second one-way rotating member is locked, the rotating mechanism can drive the water-driven screw assembly or the air-driven screw assembly to rotate through the locked first one-way rotating member or second one-way rotating member;

[0011] The locking directions of the first one-way rotating member and the second one-way rotating member are opposite.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the duct housing comprises a cylindrical duct and a flow expansion lip connected in sequence in the axial direction, and the flow expansion lip gradually increases in cross-sectional area from the end close to the cylindrical duct to the end away from the cylindrical duct;

[0013] The flow expansion lip is located at the end close to the air-driven screw assembly.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the present application, a bracket fixedly connected with the duct housing is further arranged in the cavity, and an impeller is formed on the outer surface of the bracket;

[0015] The driving structure is at least partially installed inside the bracket.

[0016] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the rotating mechanism is a motor, and the speed reduction mechanism is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor through the first one-way rotating member;

[0017] The speed reduction mechanism is a planetary reducer.

[0018] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the planetary reducer comprises a sun gear coaxially connected to the first one-way rotating member, a plurality of planetary gears meshing with the outer circumferential surface of the sun gear, and an internal gear meshing outside the planetary gears, and a planetary support is further connected to the plurality of planetary gears, and the output shaft of the planetary support is coaxial with the rotating shaft.

[0019] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the output shaft of the planetary support is connected with the water-driven screw assembly at the end away from the first one-way rotating member;

[0020] The water-driven propeller assembly comprises, in sequence from the side close to the first one-way rotating member, a rear fairing, a water-driven propeller and a retreat-preventing hub cap arranged on the output shaft of the planetary support.

[0021] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the air-driven propeller assembly comprises, in sequence from the side close to the second one-way rotating member, an air-driven propeller and a front fairing.

[0022] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the sun gears and the planetary gears arranged in engagement form a set of speed reduction adjusting members, a plurality of sets of the speed reduction adjusting members are formed in the ring gear along the axial direction, the diameters of the sun gears on the plurality of sets of the speed reduction adjusting members are different, and the axial lines of the planetary gears on the plurality of sets of the speed reduction adjusting members are on the same straight line.

[0023] An end of the rotating shaft of the motor towards the speed reduction mechanism is connected with a clamping shaft through an extension member, the clamping shaft penetrates through a plurality of the sun gears and is clamped with one of the sun gears;

[0024] The extension of the clamping shaft driven by the extension member can make the clamping shaft clamp different sun gears.

[0025] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the clamping shaft comprises a polished rod part and a clamping part with convex strips formed on the surface, and the length of the clamping part along the axial direction is not greater than the length of the sun gear along the axial direction.

[0026] The ring gear is formed in multiple sections along the axial direction, and the inner diameters of the multiple sections of the ring gear are different.

[0027] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the planetary support penetrates through the planetary gears in a plurality of sets of the speed reduction adjusting members.

[0028] The adjacent two sets of the speed reduction adjusting members are separated by a fixedly arranged spacer, and the spacer is formed with through holes for the clamping shaft and the planetary support to penetrate.

[0029] The embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:

[0030] 1. The present application can realize water-air integrated propulsion function, and is a key component for realizing cross-medium vehicles.

[0031] 2. The present application can realize high-speed, small-torque air propulsion in the form of large-diameter, multi-blade, small-pitch ducted fan, and has a large thrust-to-weight ratio; at the same time, it can also realize low-speed, large-torque underwater propulsion through the speed reduction mechanism and the water-driven propeller assembly with small diameter, few blades and large pitch, and the overall working efficiency is effectively improved.

[0032] 3、 The water-air dual medium switchable propelling device has reasonable structure, convenient installation, compact structure, light weight, high reliability and the like, and can improve the integration and load capacity of the aircraft system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative labor for those skilled in the art.

[0034] The structure, proportion, size and the like shown in the specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification, to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and do not have technical substantive significance, and any modification of the structure, change of the proportion relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present application.

[0035] Figure 1 A sectional view of a water-air dual medium switchable propelling device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 A partial internal structure schematic view of a water-air dual medium switchable propelling device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 A partial structure schematic view of a bidirectional driving structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 An end face view of a water-air dual medium switchable propelling device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 A structure schematic view of a water-air dual medium switchable propelling device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 A structure schematic view of a water-air dual medium switchable propelling device provided by an embodiment of the present application from another perspective;

[0041] Figure 7 A partial structure schematic view of another speed reduction mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] In the drawings:

[0043] 1 - front fairing; 2 - duct housing; 3 - aerodynamic propeller; 4 - second one-way rotating member; 5 - rotating shaft; 6 - frame; 7 - impeller; 8 - motor; 9 - front reducer bearing; 10 - planetary reducer; 11 - first one-way rotating member; 12 - rear reducer bearing; 13 - output shaft; 14 - rear fairing; 15 - bidirectional bearing; 16 - hydrodynamic propeller; 17 - anti-back hub cap; 18 - sun gear; 19 - planetary gear; 20 - inner gear; 21 - planetary support; 22 - spacer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be described by specific embodiments to illustrate the embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the disclosure of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0045] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0046] As shown in the drawings, Figures 1-6 The present application provides a water-air dual medium switchable propulsion device, which can be used as a cross-medium vehicle power device and can meet the power demand in the air and underwater at the same time. The propeller mainly comprises a front fairing 1, a duct housing 2, an aerodynamic propeller 3, a second one-way rotating member 4, a rotating shaft 5, a frame 6, an impeller 7, a motor 8, a planetary reducer 10, a first one-way rotating member 11, an output shaft 13, a rear fairing 14, a bidirectional bearing 15, a hydrodynamic propeller 16, and an anti-back hub cap 17. The aerodynamic propeller 3, the rotating shaft 5, the motor 8, the planetary reducer 10, the output shaft 13, and the hydrodynamic propeller 16 are located on the same axis. The aerodynamic propeller 3 rotates clockwise to generate thrust, the hydrodynamic propeller 16 rotates counterclockwise to generate thrust, the second one-way rotating member 4 is locked inside and outside when rotating clockwise, and the first one-way rotating member 11 is locked inside and outside when rotating counterclockwise. The first one-way rotating member 11 and the second one-way rotating member 4 can be selected from the structural types that can be understood and selected by those skilled in the art, as long as they can only rotate to one side, for example, they can be selected as one-way bearing structure. Of course, other structures that can be used by those skilled in the art can also be used here.

[0047] The duct housing 2 is divided into a flow expansion lip and a cylindrical guide pipe in structure. The flow expansion lip is tightly connected with the cylindrical guide pipe without gap, and the minimum diameter of the flow expansion lip is the same as the diameter of the cylindrical guide pipe. Further, the cross-sectional area of the flow expansion lip gradually increases from the end close to the cylindrical guide pipe to the end away from the cylindrical guide pipe.

[0048] The frame 6, the impeller 7 and the duct housing 2 are integrally machined, and the three together constitute the main frame of the propulsion device.

[0049] The front fairing 1 is connected with the hub of the aerodynamic propeller 3, the front end of the rear fairing 14 is connected with the planetary reducer 10, the tail end of the rear fairing 14 is connected with the outer ring of the double-direction bearing 15, and the inner ring of the double-direction bearing 15 is connected with the output shaft 13 of the planetary reducer 10. It should be noted that the front fairing 1 and the rear fairing 14 are both streamline structures, and the surface curvature thereof is further determined by the arrangement space and the size of the blades.

[0050] Further, the aerodynamic propeller 3 and the hydrodynamic propeller 16 can be further selected, for example, the aerodynamic propeller 3 is a multi-blade small-pitch aerodynamic propeller structure, the hydrodynamic propeller 16 is a few-blade large-pitch hydrodynamic propeller structure, the blades of the two propellers are uniformly arranged on the hub but generate opposite rotation directions, the aerodynamic propeller 3 rotates clockwise to generate thrust, and the hydrodynamic propeller 16 rotates counterclockwise to generate thrust.

[0051] The hub of the aerodynamic propeller 3 is connected with the outer ring of the second one-way rotating member 4 through a key groove, and the inner ring of the second one-way rotating member 4 is connected with the first end of the rotating shaft 5 of the motor 8 through a key groove. The hydrodynamic propeller 16 is connected with the output shaft 13 through a key groove and is fixed through the anti-back hub cap 17.

[0052] The planetary reducer 10 is composed of a sun gear 18, a planetary gear 19, an inner gear 20, a planetary support 21, a front reducer bearing 9 and a rear reducer bearing 12. The planetary reducer 10 is fixed at the front end with the frame 6 and connected at the rear end with the rear fairing 14. The inner gear 20 of the planetary reducer 10 is fixed, the sun gear 18 is connected with the rotating shaft 5 of the motor through the first one-way rotating member 11, wherein the inner ring of the rear one-way bearing 11 is connected with the rotating shaft 5 of the motor 8 through a key groove, and the outer ring is connected with the sun gear 18 through a key groove. The planetary support 21 rotates synchronously with the planetary gear 19 and is connected with the output shaft 13. Through such a setting, based on the setting of the planetary reducer 10, the torque of the hydrodynamic propeller 16 connected on the rear fairing 14 can be effectively adjusted under the premise of using the same motor 8. In a further preferred embodiment, as Figure 7As shown, the sun gear 18 and the planetary gear 19 in the set of engagement arrangement are matched to form a set of speed reduction adjusting members, a plurality of sets of the speed reduction adjusting members are sequentially formed in the inner gear 20 along the axial direction, the diameters of the sun gears 18 in the plurality of sets of the speed reduction adjusting members are different, and the axes of the planetary gears 19 in the plurality of sets of the speed reduction adjusting members are on the same straight line; one end of the rotating shaft 5 of the motor 8 towards the speed reduction mechanism is connected with a clamping shaft through an extension member, the clamping shaft penetrates through a plurality of the sun gears 18 and is clamped with one of the sun gears 18; the extension of the clamping shaft can be driven by the extension member, so that the clamping shaft can be clamped with different sun gears 18. Based on the extension of the extension member, the corresponding sun gear 18 can be clamped (i.e. limited in the circumferential direction) and connected, and the rotation of the sun gear 18 in the set of speed reduction adjusting members can be driven, so as to realize the rotation of the corresponding planetary gear 19, thereby driving the planetary support 21 to rotate and outputting the torque through the output shaft 13. By arranging the sun gears 18 with different diameters and the corresponding planetary gears 19, the rotation of different sun gears 18 can be driven, and different torques can be outputted through the planetary support 21, so as to further adjust the size of the torque.

[0053] It should be noted that the clamping shaft includes a light pole part and a clamping part with convex strips on the surface, and the length of the clamping part in the axial direction is not greater than the length of the sun gear 18 in the axial direction. That is, the other sun gears 18 are limited by the light pole part of the clamping shaft penetrating through, so as to avoid the shift of the position, and the light pole part will not affect the follow-up speed of the sun gear 18. Therefore, the clamping shaft and the driving sun gear 18 will not interfere with each other.

[0054] Further, in order to make the axes of the plurality of sets of planetary gears 19 on the same straight line, the inner gear 20 is formed in multiple sections along the axial direction, and the inner diameters of the multiple sections of the inner gear 20 are different. Moreover, the planetary support 21 penetrates through the planetary gears 19 in the plurality of sets of the speed reduction adjusting members.

[0055] In order to better limit the distance of the sun gear 18 and the planetary gear 19 in the axial direction, the two adjacent sets of the speed reduction adjusting members are separated by a fixedly arranged spacer 22, and the spacer 22 is formed with through holes for the clamping shaft and the planetary support 21 to penetrate through.

[0056] It should be noted that the motor 8 is a self-sealing pressure type motor structure, the motor 8 is fixed in the rack 6, the first end of the rotating shaft 5 is connected with the air propeller 3 through the second one-way rotating part 4, the rear end is connected with the inner ring of the first one-way rotating part 11, and is further connected with the sun gear 18. It should be noted that for the case of having a plurality of sun gears 18, the rotating shaft 5 can be driven to move to the corresponding sun gear 18 through the telescopic part, and the specific structure can be seen from Figure 7 And the foregoing description, here is not much redundant.

[0057] Since the locking directions of the second one-way rotating part 4 and the first one-way rotating part 11 are opposite, the motor 8 rotates clockwise and counterclockwise to drive the air propeller 3 and the water propeller 16 to rotate respectively. The locking directions of the second one-way rotating part 4 and the first one-way rotating part 11 are the same as the rotation directions of the air propeller 3 and the water propeller 16 respectively.

[0058] The working principle of the cross-water medium integrated propeller provided by the application in the air and underwater is as follows:

[0059] When propelling in the air, the motor 8 drives the rotating shaft 5 to rotate clockwise, the inner and outer rings of the second one-way rotating part 4 are locked, and the inner and outer rings do not rotate relative to each other, the rotating shaft 5 drives the air propeller 3 to rotate at high speed through the locked second one-way rotating part 4, and the air propelling function of high rotating speed and low torque is realized; the inner ring of the first one-way rotating part 11 rotates with the rotating shaft 5 of the motor 8, the outer ring is connected with the sun gear 18 in the planetary reducer 10, and is in a relatively free state, at this time, the rotating shaft 5 does not drive the planetary support 21, the reducer output shaft 13 and the water propeller 16 to rotate.

[0060] When propelling in the water, the motor 8 drives the rotating shaft 5 to rotate counterclockwise, the inner and outer rings of the first one-way rotating part 11 are locked, and the inner and outer rings do not rotate relative to each other, the rotating shaft 5 drives the sun gear 18 in the planetary reducer 10 through the first one-way rotating part 11, the inner gear 20 is in a fixed state, the sun gear 18 drives the planetary support 21 to rotate, the planetary support 21 rotates synchronously with the output shaft 13, after the reduction of rotating speed and the increase of torque of the planetary reducer 10, the rotating shaft 5 drives the water propeller 16 to rotate at low speed, and the underwater propelling function of low rotating speed and high torque is realized; the inner ring of the second one-way rotating part 4 rotates with the rotating shaft 5, the outer ring is connected with the hub of the air propeller 3, and is in a relatively free state, at this time, the rotating shaft 5 does not drive the air propeller 3 to rotate. The rotating direction of the motor 8 in the air and underwater propelling of the propeller can be determined according to the actual installation and propeller processing needs.

[0061] Combining the first one-way rotating member 11, the second one-way rotating member 4, the planetary reducer 10, the air propeller 3 and the water propeller 16, the clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the motor 8 can adjust the output torque and rotation speed of the motor 8 according to the propulsion demand in the air and underwater, realize the integrated propulsion function in the air and underwater, and have the characteristics of compact structure, light weight, high reliability and the like, and can provide a low-cost, small-weight and high-efficiency power device for the cross-medium vehicle.

[0062] Although the present application has been described in detail with general description and specific embodiments above, some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present application, which is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made on the basis of not deviating from the spirit of the present application are within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A water-air dual medium switchable propulsion device, characterized in that, The application relates to a double-direction driving structure, which comprises a duct shell (2) with a cavity, a double-direction driving structure partially arranged in the cavity and coaxially arranged with the duct shell (2), a water-driven screw assembly and an air-driven screw assembly arranged at two ends of the double-direction driving structure respectively, wherein, The double-direction driving structure comprises a rotating mechanism with two connecting ends and a speed reduction mechanism connected to one of the connecting ends of the rotating mechanism; The water-driven screw assembly is connected to one end of the rotating mechanism with the speed reduction mechanism through a first one-way rotating part (11), and the air-driven screw assembly is connected to the other connecting end of the rotating mechanism through a second one-way rotating part (4); The first one-way rotating part (11) and the second one-way rotating part (4) can only be locked in one direction, and when the first one-way rotating part (11) or the second one-way rotating part (4) is locked, the rotating mechanism can drive the water-driven screw assembly or the air-driven screw assembly to rotate through the locked first one-way rotating part (11) or the second one-way rotating part (4); The locking directions of the first one-way rotating part (11) and the second one-way rotating part (4) are opposite; The duct shell (2) comprises a flow expansion lip and a cylindrical guide pipe connected in sequence along the axial direction, and the cross-sectional area of the flow expansion lip gradually increases from the end close to the cylindrical guide pipe to the end far from the cylindrical guide pipe; The flow expansion lip is located at the end close to the air-driven screw assembly; A rack (6) fixedly connected with the duct shell (2) is arranged in the cavity, and an impeller (7) is formed on the outer surface of the rack (6); The driving structure is at least partially arranged in the interior of the rack (6).

2. A water-air dual medium switchable propulsion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism is a motor (8), and the speed reduction mechanism is connected to the rotating shaft (5) of the motor (8) through the first one-way rotating part (11); The speed reduction mechanism is a planetary reducer (10).

3. A water-air dual medium switchable propulsion device according to claim 2, characterized in that The planetary reducer (10) comprises a sun gear (18) coaxially connected to the first one-way rotating part (11), a plurality of planetary gears (19) meshing with the outer circumferential surface of the sun gear (18), and an internal gear (20) meshing with the outside of the planetary gears (19), and a planetary support (21) is further connected to the plurality of planetary gears (19), and the output shaft (13) of the planetary support (21) is coaxial with the rotating shaft (5).

4. A water-air dual medium switchable propulsion device according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the output shaft (13) of the planetary support (21) far from the first one-way rotating part (11) is connected with the water-driven screw assembly; The water-driven screw assembly comprises a rear flow guide cover (14), a water-driven screw propeller (16) and a retreat-preventing hub cap (17) arranged in sequence on the output shaft (13) of the planetary support (21) from the side close to the first one-way rotating part (11).

5. A water-air dual medium switchable propulsion device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The air-driven screw assembly comprises an air-driven screw propeller (3) and a front flow guide cover (1) connected in sequence from the side close to the second one-way rotating part (4).

6. A water-air dual medium switchable propulsion device according to claim 3, characterized in that The sun gear (18) and the planetary gear (19) in the set of meshing arrangement are matched to form a set of speed reduction adjusting members, a plurality of sets of the speed reduction adjusting members are sequentially formed in the inner gear (20) along the axial direction, the diameters of the sun gears (18) in the plurality of sets of the speed reduction adjusting members are different, and the axes of the planetary gears (19) in the plurality of sets of the speed reduction adjusting members are on the same straight line; One end of the rotating shaft (5) of the motor (8) towards the speed reduction mechanism is connected with a clamping shaft through an extension member, the clamping shaft penetrates through a plurality of the sun gears (18) and clamps one of the sun gears (18); The extension of the extension member can drive the extension of the clamping shaft, so that the clamping shaft clamps different sun gears (18).

7. A water-air dual medium switchable propulsion device according to claim 6, characterized in that The clamping shaft comprises a light pole part and a clamping part with convex strips on the surface, and the length of the clamping part along the axial direction is not greater than the length of the sun gear (18) along the axial direction; The inner gear (20) is formed in multiple sections along the axial direction, and the inner diameters of the multiple sections of the inner gear (20) are different.

8. A water-air dual medium switchable propulsion device according to claim 6, characterized in that The planetary support (21) penetrates through the planetary gears (19) in the plurality of sets of the speed reduction adjusting members; Two adjacent sets of the speed reduction adjusting members are separated by a fixedly arranged spacer (22), and the spacer (22) is formed with through holes for the clamping shaft and the planetary support (21) to penetrate.

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