A structure and method for removing the counterweight when the tower crane boom is unbalanced and tilted

Abstract

The invention discloses a structure and method for disengaging a mobile counterweight when the boom of a tower crane is unbalanced and tilted, and belongs to the technical field of tower cranes. When the lifting wire rope breaks in the hoisting state of the tower crane, the boom tilts backward and becomes unbalanced, and the tilting movement of the boom drives the counterweight disengagement device to operate, cuts off the traction wire rope of the mobile counterweight, and pulls out the limit pin of the mobile counterweight at the tail of the counterweight arm at the same time. Under the action of gravity, the mobile counterweight is disengaged from the tail of the counterweight arm, instantly reducing the backward tilting torque of the tower crane. Under the action of the gravity of the lifting arm, the boom returns to the initial position, achieving the anti-overturning effect of the tower crane in an extreme state, effectively improving the safety of the tower crane, and providing an anti-overturning solution for the tower crane industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a structure and method for dropping a counterweight when an unbalanced tilting movement of a tower crane boom is caused, and belongs to the technical field of tower cranes. Background Art

[0002] The existing support plate fixed counterweight has a serrated fixing groove on the counterweight support plate, and the support plate is fixedly connected to the balance arm structure by welding. The counterweight is a reinforced concrete structure with a counterweight connecting pin pre-embedded, and the counterweight connecting shaft is hung in the serrated fixing groove to fix the counterweight. This type of counterweight limits the disengagement action of the counterweight under extreme working conditions and cannot provide the tower crane with a rope breaking anti-overturning function.

[0003] The existing mobile counterweight is only provided with a counterweight limit device at the root and tail of the counterweight arm, and the moving range of the counterweight on the counterweight arm is limited by the stop block. It only considers ensuring that the mobile counterweight does not separate from the counterweight arm, and does not consider the need for the counterweight to separate in the extreme boom unbalance state. Since this counterweight cannot fall off the counterweight arm, it cannot provide anti-overturning function for the tower crane.

[0004] Most of the existing tower crane counterweights are fixed with support plates. The counterweights are mounted on the counterweight support plates through mounting pins. When the tower crane boom is unbalanced and tilted, the counterweights cannot be separated from the counterweights in time, which aggravates the tower crane imbalance and causes the tower crane to overturn quickly. Especially for super-large tonnage tower cranes, the hoisting load is large, and the risk of overturning after the tower crane rope breaks is higher. The existing counterweight structure cannot fully guarantee the safety of the tower crane under extreme conditions. For mobile counterweight tower cranes, only the root and tail of the counterweight are used to limit the counterweight, and the method of separating the counterweight when the boom is unbalanced is not considered. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a structure and method for the detachment of a mobile counterweight when the boom of a tower crane is unbalanced and tilted. When the lifting wire rope breaks in a hoisting state of the tower crane, the boom tilts backward and becomes unbalanced, and the tilting movement of the boom drives the counterweight detachment device to operate, cutting off the traction wire rope of the mobile counterweight and simultaneously pulling out the limit pin of the mobile counterweight at the tail of the counterweight arm. Under the action of gravity, the mobile counterweight is detached from the tail of the counterweight arm, instantly reducing the backward tilting torque of the tower crane. Under the action of the gravity of the lifting arm, the boom returns to its initial position, thereby achieving the anti-overturning effect of the tower crane in extreme states, effectively improving the safety of the tower crane, and providing an anti-overturning solution for the tower crane industry.

[0006] The present invention is realized through the following technical scheme: a tower crane boom unbalanced tilting mobile counterweight falling structure, characterized in that: it includes a traction wire rope cutting device and a limit pin pulling device, the traction wire rope cutting device includes a power wire rope, a guide pulley I, a pulley shaft I, a wire rope limit device, a cutting lever and a connecting ear plate, the limit pin pulling device includes a pin pulling wire rope, a guide pulley II, a pulley shaft II and a limit pin shaft, the rope ends of the power wire rope and the pin pulling wire rope are fixedly connected to the slewing upper support, the tower crane upper mount is hinged to the rear end of the slewing upper support, the tower crane upper mount is semi-openly connected to the front end of the slewing upper support, the boom of the tower crane upper mount can rotate around the rear end hinge point of the slewing upper support, the limit pin shaft is connected to the pin shaft hole of the lower chord of the crane arm, and provides a limit for the mobile counterweight, at this time, the traction wire rope of the mobile counterweight passes through the wire rope limit device and does not contact the cutting lever.

[0007] The power steel wire rope is connected to the tail of the cutting lever through the guide pulley Ⅰ, the other end of the power steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the rotating upper support, the guide pulley Ⅰ is installed on the pulley shaft Ⅰ, the pulley shaft Ⅰ is fixedly connected to the belly rod of the balance arm structure, a blade is fixedly installed on the cutting lever, the end of the cutting lever is hinged to the connecting ear plate, the connecting ear plate is welded to the upper surface of the lower chord of the balance arm, the mobile counterweight pulls the steel wire rope through the steel wire rope limiting device, and the cutting lever can rotate around the connecting ear plate axis under the drag of the power steel wire rope.

[0008] The rope end of the power steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the rotary upper support after passing through two pulleys.

[0009] A semi-open circular hole is provided on the wire rope limiting device to limit the position of the moving counterweight pulling wire rope.

[0010] The pin-pulling wire rope is fixedly connected to the limit pin shaft through the guide pulley II, the guide pulley II is installed on the pulley shaft II, the pulley shaft II is fixedly connected to the balance arm belly rod, the other end of the pin-pulling wire rope is fixedly connected to the slewing upper support, the limit pin shaft penetrates the lower chord flange plate of the balance arm, and limits the movable balance weight. The dragging action of the pin-pulling wire rope can drive the limit pin shaft to move upward, thereby opening the position limit of the movable balance weight.

[0011] The head of the limit pin shaft is provided with a lifting eye screw, which is convenient for connecting and fixing the pin pulling wire rope.

[0012] The pin-pulling steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the rotary upper support through two pulleys.

[0013] A method for removing a structure by moving a counterweight due to an unbalanced tilt of a tower crane boom, characterized in that:

[0014] The method of falling off the counterweight when the tower crane boom is unbalanced and tilted includes four stages: tower crane state I, tower crane state II, tower crane state III and tower crane state IV.

[0015] When the tower crane is working normally, the traction wire rope cutting device and the limit pin pulling device do not work, and the limit pin is located in the pin hole of the lower chord of the boom to provide a limit for the moving counterweight. At this time, the traction wire rope of the counterweight passes through the wire rope limit device and does not contact the cutting lever. At this time, the tower crane is in state I.

[0016] When the hoisting wire rope of the tower crane breaks, the boom frame rises counterclockwise under the action of inertia force, pulling the power wire rope and the pin-pulling wire rope, thereby driving the cutting lever to act, cooperating with the wire rope limit device, cutting the traction wire rope of the counterweight, and pulling out the limit pin shaft upward. At this time, the mobile counterweight is in the unlocked state and has the conditions to detach from the balance arm. This is the tower crane state II;

[0017] Under the action of gravity, the mobile counterweight detaches from the tail of the balance arm along the lower chord. The backward tilt moment on the tower crane decreases sharply due to the detachment of the force. The mobile counterweight finally falls freely to the ground. At this time, the tower crane is in state III.

[0018] After the mobile counterweight is detached, the structure weight on one side of the boom is large. Under the action of gravity, the unbalanced and tilted boom gradually returns to its initial position, achieving the purpose of tower crane anti-overturning when the rope breaks. This is the tower crane state IV.

[0019] In the tower crane state II, the boom arm is tilted up counterclockwise under the action of inertia force, and then the power wire rope and the pin pulling wire rope are pulled through mechanical linkage.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when the lifting wire rope breaks under the hoisting state of the tower crane, the boom tilts backward and becomes unbalanced, and the tilting movement of the boom drives the counterweight disengagement device to operate, cutting off the traction wire rope of the mobile counterweight and simultaneously pulling out the mobile counterweight limit pin at the tail of the counterweight arm. Under the action of gravity, the mobile counterweight is detached from the tail of the counterweight arm, instantly reducing the backward tilting moment of the tower crane. Under the action of the gravity of the lifting arm, the boom returns to its initial position, achieving the anti-overturning effect of the tower crane under extreme conditions, and effectively improving the safety of the tower crane. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the traction wire rope cutting device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a side view of the traction wire rope cutting device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified image of point A;

[0025] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of the position limiting pin pulling device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a side view of the position limiting pin pulling device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the tower crane state I of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the tower crane state II of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the tower crane state III of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the tower crane state IV of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: 1. traction wire rope cutting device; 2. limit pin pulling device; 3. slewing upper support; 4. tower crane upper installation; 5. mobile counterweight; 6. mobile counterweight traction wire rope; 7. balance arm structure belly bar; 11. power wire rope; 12. guide pulley Ⅰ; 13. pulley shaft Ⅰ; 14. wire rope limit device; 15. cutting lever; 16. connecting ear plate; 17. blade; 21. pin pulling wire rope; 22. guide pulley Ⅱ; 23. pulley shaft Ⅱ; 24. limit pin shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] like Figures 1 to 5 The structure of the tower crane boom unbalanced tilting moving counterweight is characterized in that it includes a traction wire rope cutting device 1 and a limit pin pulling device 2, wherein the traction wire rope cutting device 1 includes a power wire rope 11, a guide pulley Ⅰ12, a pulley shaft Ⅰ13, a wire rope limit device 14, a cutting lever 15 and a connecting ear plate 16, and the limit pin pulling device 2 includes a pin pulling wire rope 21, a guide pulley Ⅱ22, a pulley shaft Ⅱ23 and a limit pin shaft 24, and the power wire rope 11 includes a guide pulley Ⅰ12, a pulley shaft Ⅰ13, a wire rope limit device 14, a cutting lever 15 and a connecting ear plate 16, and the limit pin pulling device 2 includes a pin pulling wire rope 21, a guide pulley Ⅱ22, a pulley shaft Ⅱ23 and a limit pin shaft 24. The rope ends of the wire rope 11 and the pin-pulling wire rope 21 are fixedly connected to the slewing upper support 3, the tower crane upper mount 4 is hinged to the rear end of the slewing upper support 3, the tower crane upper mount 4 is semi-openly connected to the front end of the slewing upper support 3, and the arm of the tower crane upper mount 4 can rotate around the rear end hinge point of the slewing upper support 3. The limit pin 24 is connected to the pin hole of the lower chord of the crane arm to provide a limit for the mobile counterweight 5. At this time, the mobile counterweight traction wire rope 6 passes through the wire rope limit device 14 and does not contact the cutting lever 15.

[0033] The power steel wire rope 11 is connected to the tail of the cutting lever 15 through the guide pulley Ⅰ12. The other end of the power steel wire rope 11 is fixedly connected to the rotating upper support 3. The guide pulley Ⅰ12 is installed on the pulley shaft Ⅰ13. The pulley shaft Ⅰ13 is fixedly connected to the balance arm structure belly rod 7. A blade 17 is fixedly installed on the cutting lever 15. The end of the cutting lever 15 is hinged to the connecting ear plate 16. The connecting ear plate 16 is welded to the upper surface of the lower chord of the balance arm. The mobile counterweight traction steel wire rope 6 passes through the steel wire rope limiting device 14. The cutting lever 15 can rotate around the connecting ear plate 16 axis under the drag of the power steel wire rope 11.

[0034] The rope end of the power steel wire rope 11 is fixedly connected to the rotary upper support 3 after passing through two pulleys.

[0035] The wire rope limiting device 14 is provided with a semi-open circular hole to limit the position of the moving counterweight pulling wire rope 6 .

[0036] The pin-pulling wire rope 21 is fixedly connected to the limit pin 24 through the guide pulley Ⅱ22, the guide pulley Ⅱ22 is installed on the pulley shaft Ⅱ23, the pulley shaft Ⅱ23 is fixedly connected to the balance arm belly rod 7, the other end of the pin-pulling wire rope 21 is fixedly connected to the rotating upper support 3, the limit pin 24 penetrates the lower chord flange plate of the balance arm, and limits the movable balance weight 5. The dragging action of the pin-pulling wire rope 21 can drive the limit pin 24 to move upward, thereby opening the position limit of the movable balance weight 5.

[0037] The head of the limit pin shaft 24 is provided with a lifting eye screw, which is convenient for connecting and fixing the pull-out wire rope 21 .

[0038] The pin-pulling wire rope 21 is fixedly connected to the rotary upper support 3 through two pulleys.

[0039] like Figures 6 to 9 The method for dropping a structure using a tower crane boom unbalanced and tilted moving counterweight is characterized in that:

[0040] The method of falling off the counterweight when the tower crane boom is unbalanced and tilted includes four stages: tower crane state I, tower crane state II, tower crane state III and tower crane state IV.

[0041] When the tower crane is working normally, the traction wire rope cutting device and the limit pin pulling device do not work, and the limit pin shaft 24 is located in the pin shaft hole of the lower chord of the crane arm to provide a limit for the moving counterweight 5. At this time, the counterweight traction wire rope 6 passes through the wire rope limit device 14 and does not contact the cutting lever 15. At this time, the tower crane is in state I. Figure 6 As shown;

[0042] When the hoisting wire rope of the tower crane breaks, the boom arm rises counterclockwise under the action of inertia, pulling the power wire rope 11 and the pin-pulling wire rope 21, thereby driving the cutting lever 15 to act, cooperating with the wire rope limit device 14, cutting the traction wire rope 6 of the counterweight, and pulling out the limit pin shaft 24 upward. At this time, the mobile counterweight 5 is in the unlocked state and has the conditions to detach from the balance arm. At this time, it is the tower crane state II, such as Figure 7 As shown;

[0043] Under the action of gravity, the mobile counterweight 5 is separated from the tail of the balance arm along the lower chord. The backward tilting moment on the tower crane is suddenly reduced due to the separation of the force. The mobile counterweight 5 finally falls freely to the ground. At this time, the tower crane is in state III. Figure 8 As shown;

[0044] After the mobile counterweight 5 is separated, the weight of the structure on one side of the boom is large. Under the action of gravity, the unbalanced and tilted boom gradually returns to the initial position, achieving the purpose of anti-overturning of the tower crane when the rope breaks. At this time, the tower crane is in state IV. Fig. 9 shown.

[0045] In the tower crane state II, the boom arm is tilted up counterclockwise under the action of inertia force, and then the power wire rope 11 and the pin-pulling wire rope 21 are pulled through mechanical linkage.

Claims

1. A structure for removing the counterweight when the tower crane boom is unbalanced and tilted, characterized in that: The invention comprises a traction wire rope cutting device (1) and a limit pin pulling device (2), wherein the traction wire rope cutting device (1) comprises a power wire rope (11), a guide pulley I (12), a pulley shaft I (13), a wire rope limit device (14), a cutting lever (15) and a connecting ear plate (16), and the limit pin pulling device (2) comprises a pin pulling wire rope (21), a guide pulley II (22), a pulley shaft II (23) and a limit pin shaft (24), wherein the power wire rope (11) and the pin pulling wire rope (21) are ) is fixedly connected to the slewing upper support (3), the tower crane upper mount (4) is hinged to the rear end of the slewing upper support (3), the tower crane upper mount (4) is semi-openly connected to the front end of the slewing upper support (3), the boom of the tower crane upper mount (4) can rotate around the rear end hinge point of the slewing upper support (3), the limit pin shaft (24) is connected to the pin shaft hole of the lower chord of the crane arm, and provides a limit for the mobile counterweight (5). At this time, the mobile counterweight traction wire rope (6) passes through the wire rope limit device (14) and does not contact the cutting lever (15); The power steel wire rope (11) is connected to the tail of the cutting lever (15) through the guide pulley I (12), the other end of the power steel wire rope (11) is fixedly connected to the slewing upper support (3), the guide pulley I (12) is installed on the pulley shaft I (13), the pulley shaft I (13) is fixedly connected to the balancing arm structure belly rod (7), the cutting lever (15) is fixedly installed with a blade (17), the end of the cutting lever (15) is hinged to the connecting ear plate (16), the connecting ear plate (16) is welded to the upper surface of the lower chord of the balancing arm, the mobile counterweight traction steel wire rope (6) passes through the steel wire rope limiting device (14), and the cutting lever (15) can rotate around the connecting ear plate (16) axis under the drag of the power steel wire rope (11); The pin-pulling wire rope (21) is fixedly connected to the limit pin shaft (24) through the guide pulley II (22), the guide pulley II (22) is installed on the pulley shaft II (23), the pulley shaft II (23) is fixedly connected to the balance arm belly rod (7), the other end of the pin-pulling wire rope (21) is fixedly connected to the slewing upper support (3), the limit pin shaft (24) penetrates the balance arm lower chord flange plate, and limits the movable balance weight (5). The dragging action of the pin-pulling wire rope (21) can drive the limit pin shaft (24) to move upward, thereby opening the position limit of the movable balance weight (5).

2. The structure for removing the counterweight when the tower crane boom is unbalanced and tilted according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rope end of the power steel wire rope (11) is fixedly connected to the rotating upper support (3) after passing through two pulleys.

3. The structure for removing the counterweight when the tower crane boom is unbalanced and tilted according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire rope limiting device (14) is provided with a semi-open circular hole to limit the position of the moving counterweight pulling wire rope (6).

4. The structure for removing the counterweight when the tower crane boom is unbalanced and tilted according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head of the limit pin shaft (24) is provided with a lifting eye screw, which is convenient for connecting and fixing the pin-pulling wire rope (21).

5. The structure for removing the counterweight when the tower crane boom is unbalanced and tilted according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin-pulling steel wire rope (21) is fixedly connected to the rotary upper support (3) via two pulleys.

6. A method for removing the structure for removing the counterweight when the tower crane boom is unbalanced and tilted according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method of falling off the counterweight when the tower crane boom is unbalanced and tilted includes four stages: tower crane state I, tower crane state II, tower crane state III and tower crane state IV. When the tower crane is working normally, the traction wire rope cutting device and the limit pin pulling device are not in operation, the limit pin shaft (24) is located in the pin shaft hole of the lower chord of the crane arm, and provides a limit for the moving counterweight (5). At this time, the traction wire rope (6) of the counterweight passes through the wire rope limit device (14) and does not come into contact with the cutting lever (15). At this time, the tower crane is in state I; When the hoisting wire rope of the tower crane breaks, the boom frame is tilted counterclockwise under the action of inertia force, pulling the power wire rope (11) and the pin pulling wire rope (21), thereby driving the cutting lever (15) to act, cooperating with the wire rope limiting device (14), cutting the traction wire rope (6) of the counterweight, and pulling the limit pin shaft (24) upward. At this time, the movable counterweight (5) is in an unlocked state and has the conditions to be separated from the balance arm. At this time, the tower crane is in state II; Under the action of gravity, the mobile counterweight (5) is separated from the tail of the counterweight arm along the lower chord. The backward tilting moment on the tower crane is suddenly reduced due to the separation of the force. The mobile counterweight (5) finally falls freely to the ground. At this time, the tower crane is in state III. After the mobile counterweight (5) is separated, the weight of the structure on one side of the boom is large. Under the action of gravity, the unbalanced and tilted boom gradually returns to its initial position, achieving the purpose of preventing the tower crane from overturning when the rope breaks. At this time, the tower crane is in state IV.

7. The method for removing a structure for removing a counterweight when a tower crane boom is unbalanced and tilted according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the tower crane state II, the boom arm is tilted counterclockwise under the action of inertia force, and then the power steel wire rope (11) and the pin pulling steel wire rope (21) are pulled through mechanical linkage.

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