A solid hydrogen source charging and discharging hydrogen flow automatic control device and control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a solid-state hydrogen source hydrogen charging and discharging flow automatic control device and a control method thereof. A hydrogen charging pipeline is set as a plurality of parallel sub-pipelines with pneumatic valves of different ranges and flow meters of different ranges, and a hydrogen discharging pipeline is set as a plurality of parallel sub-pipelines with pneumatic valves of different ranges and flow controllers of different flow intervals. In the process of hydrogen charging and discharging, the sub-pipelines with the largest rated hydrogen charging flow rate / rated hydrogen discharging flow rate are first selected for hydrogen charging and discharging, and the flow rate of the hydrogen charging pipeline / hydrogen discharging pipeline in the process of hydrogen charging and discharging is monitored by a flow meter, so that when the hydrogen flow rate changes in the process of hydrogen charging and discharging of the solid-state hydrogen source, different sub-pipelines are switched, and a flow meter of a suitable range is automatically selected according to the hydrogen charging and discharging flow rate; hydrogen flow controllers of different ranges are entered through the hydrogen discharging parallel pipeline, so as to realize hydrogen discharging at different set flow rates, which has high safety and can realize full automatic unattended operation, and has important significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to a solid-state hydrogen source charging and discharging hydrogen flow automatic control device and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of industry, a large number of non-renewable fossil fuels have been over-exploited, and the negative impacts brought to human society by the energy crisis and the continuous deterioration of the environment and climate can no longer be ignored. Therefore, a renewable, environmentally friendly and low-carbon new energy is urgently needed to solve the existing dilemma. Hydrogen energy, as a clean, safe, efficient and renewable energy, is one of the most ideal alternative energy sources for mankind to get rid of its dependence on traditional fossil energy.

[0003] Hydrogen energy is a clean, high-calorific value renewable energy that meets the needs of today's society for new energy technologies. Fuel cell technology is currently the focus of development in various countries and is the core technology of hydrogen energy that is strongly advocated internationally. Hydrogen fuel cells are regarded as the main way and best form of hydrogen energy development. From the current research status, finding a more efficient, safe and cheap storage method is the key factor to solve the problem of restricting the development of hydrogen energy.

[0004] Solid-state hydrogen storage technology is a technology that stores hydrogen in solid materials to achieve hydrogen storage. Hydrogen storage is achieved by combining solid hydrogen storage materials with metal hydrides and other material forms based on metal bonds, covalent bonds, etc.; solid-state hydrogen storage materials need to be loaded into pressure vessels to form solid-state hydrogen source devices to conduct tests and research on the charging and discharging performance and cycle life performance of solid-state hydrogen sources. Solid-state hydrogen source technology has the advantage of low working pressure compared to other hydrogen source technologies. However, during the hydrogenation or activation process of the solid-state hydrogen source device, medium and low pressure hydrogen needs to be introduced into the device. In this state, the flow value on the hydrogen filling pipeline corresponds to its hydrogen absorption rate. However, once the pressure vessel of the solid-state hydrogen source device leaks, it is difficult to judge the actual state by the instantaneous flow of hydrogen filling, so there are certain safety hazards. The charging and discharging of the solid-state hydrogen source device is accompanied by the transfer and transfer of heat. As the hydrogen evolution / hydrogenation reaction continues, the reaction rate will gradually decay. Therefore, the corresponding charging and discharging flow is difficult to maintain as a constant value for a long time. The use of fixed range flow test components will seriously affect the accuracy of the cumulative flow. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a solid-state hydrogen source charging and discharging hydrogen flow automatic control device and control method thereof to solve the problem in the prior art that the charging and discharging hydrogen flow is difficult to maintain a constant value for a long time, and the use of fixed-range flow test components will seriously affect the accuracy of the accumulated flow.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, in the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a solid hydrogen source charging and discharging flow automatic control device, comprising a hydrogen storage / hydrogen production device, a hydrogen charging pipeline, a hydrogen discharging pipeline and a control feedback system; the hydrogen charging pipeline and the hydrogen discharging pipeline are both connected to the hydrogen storage / hydrogen production device;

[0007] The hydrogen filling pipeline comprises a plurality of hydrogen filling sub-pipelines connected in parallel, each of which is provided with a pneumatic valve in front of a hydrogen filling flow controller and a hydrogen filling flow meter, the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen filling flow controller has a rated hydrogen filling flow, and the range of the hydrogen filling flow meter matches the rated hydrogen filling flow; the rated hydrogen filling flow of each hydrogen filling sub-pipeline is different;

[0008] The hydrogen discharge pipeline comprises a plurality of hydrogen discharge sub-pipelines connected in parallel, each of the hydrogen discharge sub-pipelines is provided with a pneumatic valve in front of a hydrogen discharge flow controller and a hydrogen discharge flow controller, the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge flow controller has a rated hydrogen discharge flow, and the hydrogen discharge flow interval of the hydrogen discharge flow controller matches the rated hydrogen discharge flow; the rated hydrogen discharge flow of each hydrogen discharge sub-pipeline is different;

[0009] The control feedback system is used to obtain the real-time hydrogen filling flow of the hydrogen filling pipeline in the hydrogen filling mode, and control the opening and closing state of the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen filling flow controller on the corresponding hydrogen filling sub-pipeline based on the matching relationship between the real-time hydrogen filling flow and the rated hydrogen filling flow; in the hydrogen degassing mode, obtain the set hydrogen degassing flow of the hydrogen degassing flow controller, and if it is determined that the set hydrogen degassing flow reaches the hydrogen degassing cut-off flow, close the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen degassing flow controller.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the hydrogen filling pipeline includes a first hydrogen filling sub-pipeline and a second hydrogen filling sub-pipeline;

[0011] The first hydrogen filling sub-pipeline is provided with a pneumatic valve in front of a first hydrogen filling flow controller, a first hydrogen filling flow meter and a first hydrogen filling check valve, and the second hydrogen filling sub-pipeline is provided with a pneumatic valve in front of a second hydrogen filling flow controller, a second hydrogen filling flow meter and a second hydrogen filling check valve; the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller has a first rated hydrogen filling flow, the range of the first hydrogen filling flow meter matches the first rated hydrogen filling flow, the pneumatic valve in front of the second hydrogen filling flow controller has a second rated hydrogen filling flow, the range of the second hydrogen filling flow meter matches the second rated hydrogen filling flow, and the first rated hydrogen filling flow is greater than the second rated hydrogen filling flow;

[0012] The hydrogen filling pipeline also includes a hydrogen filling straight-through pipeline, and the hydrogen filling straight-through pipeline is connected in parallel with the plurality of hydrogen filling sub-pipelines; a hydrogen filling straight-through valve is arranged on the hydrogen filling straight-through pipeline.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the hydrogen discharge pipeline includes a first hydrogen discharge sub-pipeline and a second hydrogen discharge sub-pipeline;

[0014] The first hydrogen desorption sub-pipeline is provided with a pneumatic valve in front of a first hydrogen desorption flow controller, a first hydrogen desorption flow controller and a first hydrogen desorption check valve, and the second hydrogen desorption sub-pipeline includes a pneumatic valve in front of a second hydrogen desorption flow controller, a second hydrogen desorption flow controller and a second hydrogen desorption check valve; the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen desorption flow controller has a first rated hydrogen desorption flow, the hydrogen desorption flow interval of the first hydrogen desorption flow controller matches the first rated hydrogen desorption flow, the pneumatic valve in front of the second hydrogen desorption flow controller has a second rated hydrogen desorption flow, the hydrogen desorption flow interval of the second hydrogen desorption flow controller matches the second rated hydrogen desorption flow, and the first rated hydrogen desorption flow is greater than the second rated hydrogen desorption flow;

[0015] The hydrogen discharge pipeline further comprises a hydrogen discharge straight-through pipeline, and the hydrogen discharge straight-through pipeline is connected in parallel with a plurality of hydrogen discharge sub-pipelines; a hydrogen discharge straight-through valve is arranged on the hydrogen discharge straight-through pipeline.

[0016] In some possible implementations, a solid hydrogen source inlet valve is provided at the inlet of the hydrogen storage / production equipment;

[0017] The hydrogen filling pipeline is connected with a hydrogen filling cylinder, and a first filter and a hydrogen inlet valve are arranged on the pipeline connecting the hydrogen filling pipeline and the hydrogen filling cylinder.

[0018] In some possible implementations, a second filter and a pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge pipeline are provided on the pipeline connecting the hydrogen storage device and the hydrogen discharge pipeline, and a flame arrester is provided at the venting port of the hydrogen discharge pipeline;

[0019] A plurality of the hydrogen discharge sub-pipelines are connected in parallel and connected to one end of a hydrogen discharge pipeline pressure reducing valve, and the other end of the hydrogen discharge pipeline pressure reducing valve is connected to the front pneumatic valve of the hydrogen discharge pipeline.

[0020] On the basis of the above implementation, preferably, a vacuum pipeline is connected in parallel between the hydrogen discharge pipeline pressure reducing valve and the pneumatic valve before the hydrogen discharge pipeline, and a vacuum pipeline valve and a vacuum pump are provided on the vacuum pipeline.

[0021] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a solid-state hydrogen source charging and discharging flow rate automatic control method according to the solid-state hydrogen source charging and discharging flow rate automatic control device of the first aspect of the present invention, comprising:

[0022] In the hydrogen filling mode, if it is determined that the solid hydrogen source inlet valve and the hydrogen gas inlet valve are opened, the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller is opened, and the first real-time hydrogen filling flow of the first hydrogen filling flow meter is obtained in real time; if it is determined that the first real-time hydrogen filling flow is attenuated to the switching cut-off flow, the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller is closed, and the pneumatic valve in front of the second hydrogen filling flow controller is opened, and the second real-time hydrogen filling flow of the second hydrogen filling flow meter is obtained in real time; if it is determined that the second real-time hydrogen filling flow is attenuated to the hydrogen filling flow threshold, the pneumatic valve in front of the second hydrogen filling flow controller is closed, and hydrogen filling is completed;

[0023] In the hydrogen discharge mode, if it is determined that the hydrogen inlet valve, the solid hydrogen source inlet valve and the vacuum pipeline valve are all opened, the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge pipeline and the vacuum pump are opened until the hydrogen discharge pipeline pressure of the hydrogen discharge pipeline reaches the vacuum cut-off pressure, then the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge pipeline and the vacuum pump are closed, and the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen discharge flow controller and the pneumatic valve in front of the second hydrogen discharge flow controller are opened; if it is determined that the hydrogen discharge pipeline pressure reaches the hydrogen charging cut-off pressure, the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen discharge flow controller, the pneumatic valve in front of the second hydrogen discharge flow controller, and the vacuum pipeline valve are closed; the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen discharge flow controller is opened, and hydrogen is discharged based on the set hydrogen discharge flow rate. If it is determined that the set hydrogen discharge flow rate decays to the preset hydrogen discharge cut-off flow rate, or the hydrogen discharge pipeline pressure is less than the hydrogen discharge cut-off pressure, the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen discharge flow controller is closed, and the set hydrogen discharge flow rate is set to zero.

[0024] Some possible implementations also include:

[0025] If it is determined that the first real-time hydrogen filling flow rate is greater than the preset maximum hydrogen filling flow rate and the duration is greater than the maximum continuous hydrogen filling time, it is determined that there is a leak and the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller is automatically closed.

[0026] Some possible implementations also include:

[0027] Determine a first time parameter for the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller to be opened and closed, determine a second time parameter for the pneumatic valve in front of the second hydrogen filling flow controller to be opened and closed, and determine the cumulative hydrogen filling flow according to the integral of the first real-time hydrogen filling flow and the first time parameter and the integral of the second real-time hydrogen filling flow and the second time parameter.

[0028] In some possible implementations, adjusting the hydrogen discharge line pressure of the hydrogen discharge line to the vacuum cut-off pressure specifically includes:

[0029] If it is determined that the hydrogen inlet valve, the solid hydrogen source inlet valve and the vacuum pipeline valve are all opened, the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge pipeline and the vacuum pump are opened until the hydrogen discharge pipeline pressure of the hydrogen discharge pipeline reaches the vacuum cut-off pressure, and then the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge pipeline and the vacuum pump are closed.

[0030] The beneficial effect of adopting the above embodiment is: by setting the hydrogen filling pipeline as a plurality of parallel sub-pipelines with pneumatic valves of different ranges and flow meters of different ranges, and setting the hydrogen discharge pipeline as a plurality of parallel sub-pipelines with pneumatic valves of different ranges and flow controllers of different flow intervals, during the hydrogen filling and discharge process, the rated hydrogen filling flow rate / rated hydrogen discharge flow rate is first selected for hydrogen filling and discharge, and the flow rate of the hydrogen filling pipeline / hydrogen discharge pipeline during the hydrogen filling and discharge process is monitored by the flow meter, so that when the hydrogen flow rate changes during the hydrogen filling and discharge process of the solid hydrogen source, different sub-pipelines are switched, and the appropriate range is automatically selected according to the hydrogen filling and discharge flow rate. flowmeter; enter the hydrogen flow controllers of different ranges through the hydrogen discharge parallel pipeline to realize hydrogen discharge at different set flow rates, and switch the pneumatic valve parallel pipeline. The flowmeter of the appropriate range can be automatically selected through the control feedback system to integrate the flow data, and monitor the pressure and flow parameters in real time. It can realize full-automatic operation under different working conditions, and automatic opening, closing and switching of valve instruments; it overcomes the shortcomings of insufficient automation, insufficient test accuracy and greater safety hazards of the hydrogen source test device, and can perform automated high-precision cyclic charging and discharging hydrogen tests on the hydrogen source equipment. It has high safety and can be fully automatic and unattended, which is of great significance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the automatic control device for the flow rate of hydrogen charging and discharging of a solid hydrogen source provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the process of charging and discharging hydrogen for the device provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process for replacing the device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Some of the block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are functional entities that do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities can be implemented in software form, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and / or processor systems and / or microcontroller systems.

[0037] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0038] The charging and discharging of hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen source device is accompanied by the transfer and transfer of heat. As the hydrogen evolution / hydrogenation reaction continues, the reaction rate will gradually decay. Therefore, the corresponding charging and discharging flow rate is difficult to maintain a constant value for a long time. The use of fixed-range flow test components in the prior art will seriously affect the accuracy of the cumulative flow rate.

[0039] Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention provides a solid hydrogen source charging and discharging flow automatic control device and control method thereof, which performs hydrogen charging and discharging through multiple parallel hydrogen charging sub-pipelines and hydrogen discharging sub-pipelines, wherein each hydrogen charging sub-pipeline and hydrogen discharging sub-pipeline corresponds to hydrogen charging and discharging tasks with different flow rates, and automatically selects a flow meter with a suitable range through a control feedback system to perform flow data integration, pressure, and flow parameter real-time monitoring, thereby achieving fully automatic operation under different working conditions. The following will be described and introduced through multiple embodiments.

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a solid hydrogen source charging and discharging hydrogen flow automatic control device provided by the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a solid hydrogen source charging and discharging flow automatic control device comprises a hydrogen storage / hydrogen production device, a hydrogen charging pipeline, a hydrogen discharging pipeline and a control feedback system; the hydrogen charging pipeline and the hydrogen discharging pipeline are both connected to the hydrogen storage / hydrogen production device;

[0041] The hydrogen filling pipeline comprises a plurality of hydrogen filling sub-pipelines connected in parallel, each of which is provided with a pneumatic valve in front of a hydrogen filling flow controller and a hydrogen filling flow meter, the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen filling flow controller has a rated hydrogen filling flow, and the range of the hydrogen filling flow meter matches the rated hydrogen filling flow; the rated hydrogen filling flow of each hydrogen filling sub-pipeline is different;

[0042] The hydrogen discharge pipeline comprises a plurality of hydrogen discharge sub-pipelines connected in parallel, each of the hydrogen discharge sub-pipelines is provided with a pneumatic valve in front of a hydrogen discharge flow controller and a hydrogen discharge flow controller, the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge flow controller has a rated hydrogen discharge flow, and the hydrogen discharge flow interval of the hydrogen discharge flow controller matches the rated hydrogen discharge flow; the rated hydrogen discharge flow of each hydrogen discharge sub-pipeline is different;

[0043] The control feedback system is used to obtain the real-time hydrogen filling flow of the hydrogen filling pipeline in the hydrogen filling mode, and control the opening and closing state of the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen filling flow controller on the corresponding hydrogen filling sub-pipeline based on the matching relationship between the real-time hydrogen filling flow and the rated hydrogen filling flow; in the hydrogen decompression mode, obtain the real-time hydrogen decompression flow of the hydrogen decompression pipeline, and control the opening and closing state of the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen decompression flow controller on the corresponding hydrogen decompression sub-pipeline based on the matching relationship between the real-time hydrogen decompression flow and the rated hydrogen decompression flow to perform hydrogen decompression.

[0044] It is understandable that the control device in this embodiment can be applied to hydrogen storage equipment and hydrogen production equipment. When applied to hydrogen storage equipment, it is preferred to use a solid-state hydrogen source device. The solid-state hydrogen storage materials can be: rare earth system (AB5 type), titanium iron system (AB type), zirconium system (AB2 type), magnesium system (A2B type) and multi-element system (vanadium, niobium, lead, etc.). The state can be cake-shaped, granular, or block-shaped. For example, the solid-state hydrogen source device is filled with solid-state hydrogen storage materials such as LaNi5, ZrMn2, TiMn2, TiFe, Mg2Ni, vanadium-based solid solution, etc.

[0045] In this embodiment, the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen filling flow controller and the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge flow controller can be remotely and automatically controlled through PLC and configuration software, and the hydrogen discharge flow rate can be remotely set, and the opening and closing of the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen filling flow controller and the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge flow controller, as well as the corresponding hydrogen filling flow rate and hydrogen discharge flow rate can be remotely controlled; wherein, in each hydrogen filling sub-pipeline, the range of the corresponding hydrogen filling flowmeter matches the rated hydrogen filling flow rate; more preferably, in a plurality of hydrogen filling sub-pipelines connected in parallel, the rated hydrogen filling flow rates are arranged from large to small When the rated hydrogen discharge flow rates are arranged from large to small in a plurality of hydrogen discharge sub-pipelines, the flow interval formed by each two adjacent rated hydrogen discharge flow rates matches the measuring range of the hydrogen discharge flow meter in the hydrogen discharge sub-pipeline corresponding to the larger rated hydrogen discharge flow rate; similarly, in each hydrogen discharge sub-pipeline, the measuring range of the corresponding hydrogen discharge flow meter matches the rated hydrogen discharge flow rate; more preferably, in a plurality of hydrogen discharge sub-pipelines connected in parallel, when the rated hydrogen discharge flow rates are arranged from large to small, the flow interval formed by each two adjacent rated hydrogen discharge flow rates matches the measuring range of the hydrogen discharge flow controller in the hydrogen discharge sub-pipeline corresponding to the larger rated hydrogen discharge flow rate.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the solid-state hydrogen source charging and discharging flow automatic control device in this embodiment sets the hydrogen charging pipeline as a plurality of parallel sub-pipelines with pneumatic valves of different ranges and flow meters of different ranges, and sets the hydrogen discharging pipeline as a plurality of parallel sub-pipelines with pneumatic valves of different ranges and flow controllers of different flow intervals. In the process of hydrogen charging and discharging, the sub-pipelines with the largest rated hydrogen charging flow rate / rated hydrogen discharging flow rate are first selected for hydrogen charging and discharging, and the flow rates of the hydrogen charging pipeline / hydrogen discharging pipeline in the process of hydrogen charging and discharging are monitored by the flow meter, so that the hydrogen flow rate is controlled during the process of hydrogen charging and discharging of the solid-state hydrogen source. When the amount changes, different sub-pipelines are switched, and the flowmeter with the appropriate range is automatically selected according to the hydrogen charging and discharging flow rate; the hydrogen flow controllers with different ranges are entered through the hydrogen discharging parallel pipeline to realize hydrogen discharging at different set flow rates. It can realize full-automatic operation under different working conditions, and automatic opening, closing and switching of valve instruments, which overcomes the shortcomings of insufficient automation, insufficient test accuracy and greater safety hazards of hydrogen source control devices. It can perform automated high-precision cyclic charging and discharging control and testing of hydrogen source equipment, has high safety and can be fully automatic and unattended, which is of great significance.

[0047] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred implementation, Figure 1 As shown in , the hydrogen filling pipeline includes a first hydrogen filling sub-pipeline and a second hydrogen filling sub-pipeline;

[0048] The first hydrogen filling sub-pipeline is provided with a pneumatic valve PV101 in front of a first hydrogen filling flow controller, a first hydrogen filling flow meter MFM01 and a first hydrogen filling check valve CHV201, and the second hydrogen filling sub-pipeline is provided with a pneumatic valve PV102 in front of a second hydrogen filling flow controller, a second hydrogen filling flow meter MFM02 and a second hydrogen filling check valve CHV202; the pneumatic valve PV101 in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller has a first rated hydrogen filling flow, the range of the first hydrogen filling flow meter MFM01 matches the first rated hydrogen filling flow, the pneumatic valve PV102 in front of the second hydrogen filling flow controller has a second rated hydrogen filling flow, the range of the second hydrogen filling flow meter MFM02 matches the second rated hydrogen filling flow, and the first rated hydrogen filling flow is greater than the second rated hydrogen filling flow; the first hydrogen filling pipeline is a large-flow hydrogen filling pipeline, and the second hydrogen filling pipeline is a small-flow hydrogen filling pipeline; the pneumatic valve can be automatically switched according to the change of the hydrogen filling flow value, so that the hydrogen filling flow is in an appropriate range to ensure accurate testing.

[0049] The hydrogen filling pipeline also includes a hydrogen filling straight-through pipeline, which is connected in parallel with the plurality of hydrogen filling sub-pipelines; a hydrogen filling straight-through valve HV102 is provided on the hydrogen filling straight-through pipeline, and the hydrogen filling straight-through valve HV102 on the hydrogen filling straight-through pipeline is in a normally closed state.

[0050] In this embodiment, when in the hydrogen filling mode, the control feedback system automatically opens the pneumatic valve PV101 in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller and records the time t1. When the first real-time hydrogen filling flow of the first hydrogen filling flow meter MFM01 is greater than the maximum hydrogen filling flow Qmax, and the duration is greater than the maximum continuous hydrogen filling time tmax, the control feedback system believes that the output flow is continuously too large in this state and there is a serious leakage. To ensure safety, the system automatically closes the pneumatic valve PV101 in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller.

[0051] As the hydrogen absorption reaction proceeds, the hydrogen storage capacity in the solid hydrogen source device gradually increases, the pressure gradually rises, and the pressure difference with the high-pressure gas source gradually decreases. The hydrogen absorption flow rate will not be a constant value, but will gradually decay until the flow rate is 0.

[0052] When the first real-time hydrogen filling flow rate of the first hydrogen filling flow meter MFM01 decays to the switching cut-off flow rate Qmin, the control feedback system closes the pneumatic valve PV101 in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller, and opens the pneumatic valve PV102 in front of the second hydrogen filling flow controller at the same time, until the second real-time hydrogen filling flow rate measured by the second hydrogen filling flow meter MFM02 decays to the hydrogen filling cut-off flow rate Q0, and PV102 is automatically closed, prompting the completion of the hydrogen filling test. The integral of the first real-time hydrogen filling flow rate and the second real-time hydrogen filling flow rate and the corresponding time is the cumulative hydrogen filling flow rate.

[0053] The hydrogen filling pipeline is equipped with a filter to prevent potential impurities from entering the solid hydrogen source device due to the hydrogen filling cylinder (i.e. the high-pressure cylinder in the figure). The hydrogen filling pressure is read by a pressure sensor. The hydrogen filling pipeline is equipped with three parallel sub-pipelines. There are two ranges of high-pressure hydrogen mass flowmeters placed in the parallel pipelines. The front end is equipped with a pneumatic valve for switching, and the rear end is equipped with a one-way valve to prevent adverse effects of hydrogen reflux. The other parallel pipeline has no pneumatic valve and flowmeter but only a manual ball valve, which is in a normally closed state for equipment maintenance. The solid hydrogen source device is connected to the device through a fixed interface and a manual ball valve is installed.

[0054] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred implementation, Figure 1 As shown in , the hydrogen discharge pipeline includes a first hydrogen discharge sub-pipeline and a second hydrogen discharge sub-pipeline;

[0055] The first hydrogen release sub-pipeline is provided with a first hydrogen release flow controller front pneumatic valve PV104, a first hydrogen release flow controller MFC03 and a first hydrogen release check valve CHV203, and the second hydrogen release sub-pipeline includes a second hydrogen release flow controller front pneumatic valve PV105, a second hydrogen release flow controller MFC04 and a second hydrogen release check valve; the first hydrogen release flow controller front pneumatic valve PV104 has a first rated hydrogen release flow, the first hydrogen release flow controller MFC03 has a hydrogen release flow interval that matches the first rated hydrogen release flow, and the second hydrogen release flow The pneumatic valve PV105 in front of the hydrogen flow controller has a second rated hydrogen desorption flow rate, the hydrogen desorption flow rate range of the second hydrogen desorption flow controller MFC04 matches the second rated hydrogen desorption flow rate, and the first rated hydrogen desorption flow rate is greater than the second rated hydrogen desorption flow rate; in this embodiment, the pneumatic valve PV104 in front of the first hydrogen desorption flow controller and the pneumatic valve PV105 in front of the second hydrogen desorption flow controller are used to adjust the opening and closing of the corresponding sub-pipelines, and the first hydrogen desorption flow controller MFC03 and the pneumatic valve PV105 in front of the second hydrogen desorption flow controller are used to pre-set the hydrogen desorption flow rate based on the target.

[0056] The hydrogen discharge pipeline also includes a hydrogen discharge straight pipeline, and the hydrogen discharge straight pipeline is connected in parallel with the plurality of hydrogen discharge sub-pipelines; a hydrogen discharge straight valve HV102 is provided on the hydrogen discharge straight pipeline.

[0057] The inlet of the hydrogen storage / production equipment is provided with a solid hydrogen source inlet valve HV103; the hydrogen discharge pipeline is also connected in parallel with a vacuum pipeline, and the vacuum pipeline is provided with a vacuum pipeline valve HV104 and a vacuum pump. The hydrogen filling pipeline is connected to a hydrogen filling cylinder, and the pipeline connecting the hydrogen filling pipeline and the hydrogen filling cylinder is provided with a first filter ( Figure 1 Medium filter 1) and hydrogen inlet valve HV101.

[0058] A second filter is provided on the pipeline connecting the hydrogen storage device and the hydrogen discharge pipeline. Figure 1The middle filter 2) and the pneumatic valve PV103 in front of the hydrogen discharge pipeline, and a flame arrester is provided at the venting port of the hydrogen discharge pipeline;

[0059] A plurality of the dehydrogenation sub-pipelines are connected in parallel to one end of the dehydrogenation pipeline pressure reducing valve JV201, and the other end of the dehydrogenation pipeline pressure reducing valve JV201 is connected to the dehydrogenation pipeline front pneumatic valve PV103. A vacuum pipeline is also connected in parallel between the dehydrogenation pipeline pressure reducing valve JV201 and the dehydrogenation pipeline front pneumatic valve PV103.

[0060] A filter is provided at the front end of the hydrogen discharge pipeline to prevent the pulverized solid hydrogen storage material from entering the pipeline. The released hydrogen enters the hydrogen discharge pipeline through a pneumatic valve. A pressure sensor is provided to read the internal pressure of the solid hydrogen source device. The pipeline is provided with a pressure reducing valve to reduce the hydrogen pressure in the device to an appropriate pressure. The hydrogen enters hydrogen flow controllers of different ranges through the hydrogen discharge parallel pipeline to realize hydrogen discharge at different set flow rates. A pneumatic valve is provided at the front end of the hydrogen flow controller and a one-way valve is provided at the rear end.

[0061] In this embodiment, since the hydrogen storage material is extremely sensitive to substances such as oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air and is easily poisoned by them, the hydrogen storage performance is greatly reduced. After being poisoned, the performance of some solid hydrogen storage materials such as Ti-based hydrogen storage materials cannot be fully restored. Therefore, whether it is due to material poisoning or to avoid contact between hydrogen and air, the solid-state hydrogen source device must be strictly isolated from the air during use, and the pipeline must be replaced when the solid-state hydrogen source device is connected to the test device.

[0062] In this embodiment, an automatic pipeline replacement function is used. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in , ensure that there is no impurity gas mixed in the solid hydrogen source and the hydrogen pipeline, set the PI02 hydrogen discharge pipeline pressure, set the maximum hydrogen charging flow rate Qmax, the maximum continuous hydrogen charging time tmax, the switching cut-off flow rate Qmin, the hydrogen charging cut-off flow rate Q0, the hydrogen discharge cut-off pressure P0, the hydrogen discharge cut-off flow rate MF0, the total number of cycles N0 and other parameters.

[0063] The hydrogen charging process in this embodiment has been described in the above embodiments, so it will not be repeated here.

[0064] The system prompts that after the hydrogen charging test is completed, the solid-state hydrogen source device needs to adjust the heat exchange cut-off temperature according to demand. Click to confirm to start hydrogen discharge. In the hydrogen discharge mode, the system prompts to confirm whether the hydrogen inlet valve HV101, solid-state hydrogen source inlet valve HV103 and vacuum pipeline valve HV104 are open. Confirm that the hydrogen inlet valve HV101, solid-state hydrogen source inlet valve HV103 and vacuum pipeline valve HV104 are in the open state.

[0065] After confirmation, the pneumatic valve PV103 and the vacuum pump in front of the hydrogen discharge pipeline are automatically opened. When the pressure PI02 of the hydrogen discharge pipeline reaches the set pressure value (usually -1 bar, gauge pressure), the timing starts. The time is usually set to 5 minutes. At this time, the pipeline connected to the solid-state hydrogen source device is in a vacuum state. After the system closes the pneumatic valve PV103 and the vacuum pump in front of the hydrogen degassing pipeline, it opens the pneumatic valve PV101 in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller and the pneumatic valve PV102 in front of the second hydrogen filling flow controller. After the hydrogen degassing pipeline pressure PI02 reaches the hydrogen filling cut-off pressure (usually 36 bar, gauge pressure), the pneumatic valve PV101 in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller and the pneumatic valve PV102 in front of the second hydrogen filling flow controller are closed, prompting to close the vacuum pipeline valve HV104, and automatically opening the pneumatic valve PV104 in front of the first hydrogen degassing flow controller. The first hydrogen degassing flow controller MFC03 is opened to the set hydrogen flow value XXslm (usually 0.5SLM). When the hydrogen degassing pipeline pressure PI02 reaches the set pressure value (hydrogen degassing cut-off pressure P0) (usually 1 bar, gauge pressure), or the hydrogen degassing flow rate decays to less than the hydrogen degassing cut-off flow MF0, the pneumatic valve PV104 in front of the first hydrogen degassing flow controller is closed, and the first hydrogen degassing flow controller MFC03 is set to 0SLM. Complete the automatic replacement function.

[0066] After the hydrogen discharge test is completed, the cyclic charging and discharging test is continued through a simple accumulation procedure until the number of cycles is greater than the total number of cycles N0.

[0067] The control feedback system can automatically switch the hydrogen flow meter according to the change of charging / discharging flow, automatically generate the charging / discharging curve, and complete the hydrogen discharging curve test and cycle life test under fully automatic conditions.

[0068] In order to better implement the solid-state hydrogen source charging and discharging flow automatic control method in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the solid-state hydrogen source charging and discharging flow automatic control device, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a solid-state hydrogen source charging and discharging flow automatic control method, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in, the automatic control method of the hydrogen charging and discharging flow of the solid hydrogen source includes:

[0069] In the hydrogen filling mode, if it is determined that the solid hydrogen source inlet valve and the hydrogen gas inlet valve are open, the pneumatic valve PV101 in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller is opened, and the first real-time hydrogen filling flow of the first hydrogen filling flow meter MFM01 is obtained in real time; if it is determined that the first real-time hydrogen filling flow has decayed to the switching cut-off flow, the pneumatic valve PV101 in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller is closed, and the pneumatic valve PV102 in front of the second hydrogen filling flow controller is opened, and the second real-time hydrogen filling flow of the second hydrogen filling flow meter MFM02 is obtained in real time; if it is determined that the second real-time hydrogen filling flow has decayed to the hydrogen filling flow threshold, the pneumatic valve PV102 in front of the second hydrogen filling flow controller is closed, and the hydrogen filling is completed; if it is determined that the first real-time hydrogen filling flow is greater than the preset maximum hydrogen filling flow, and the duration is greater than the maximum continuous hydrogen filling time, it is determined that there is a leak, and the pneumatic valve PV101 in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller is automatically closed.

[0070] In the hydrogen discharge mode, if it is determined that the hydrogen inlet valve HV101, the solid hydrogen source inlet valve HV103 and the vacuum pipeline valve HV104 are all opened, the pneumatic valve PV103 in front of the hydrogen discharge pipeline and the vacuum pump are opened until the hydrogen discharge pipeline pressure of the hydrogen discharge pipeline reaches the vacuum cut-off pressure, then the pneumatic valve PV103 in front of the hydrogen discharge pipeline and the vacuum pump are closed, and the pneumatic valve PV104 in front of the first hydrogen discharge flow controller and the pneumatic valve PV105 in front of the second hydrogen discharge flow controller are opened; if it is determined that the hydrogen discharge pipeline pressure reaches the hydrogen charging cut-off pressure, the pneumatic valve PV103 in front of the hydrogen discharge pipeline and the vacuum pump are closed, and the pneumatic valve PV104 in front of the first hydrogen discharge flow controller and the pneumatic valve PV105 in front of the second hydrogen discharge flow controller are opened; Stop pressure, close the pneumatic valve PV104 in front of the first hydrogen desorption flow controller, the pneumatic valve PV105 in front of the second hydrogen desorption flow controller, and the vacuum pipeline valve HV104; open the pneumatic valve PV104 in front of the first hydrogen desorption flow controller, obtain the set hydrogen desorption flow of the first hydrogen desorption flow controller MFC03, if it is determined that the set hydrogen desorption flow decays to the preset hydrogen desorption cut-off flow, or the hydrogen desorption pipeline pressure is less than the hydrogen desorption cut-off pressure, then close the pneumatic valve PV104 in front of the first hydrogen desorption flow controller, and set the set hydrogen desorption flow to zero.

[0071] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing related hardware (such as a processor, a controller, etc.) through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium is a disk, an optical disk, a read-only storage memory, or a random access memory, etc.

[0072] The above is a detailed introduction to a solid hydrogen source charging and discharging hydrogen flow automatic control device and a control method thereof provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid hydrogen source charging and discharging hydrogen flow automatic control device, characterized in that: It includes hydrogen storage equipment and hydrogen production equipment, a hydrogen filling pipeline, a hydrogen discharge pipeline and a control feedback system; the hydrogen filling pipeline and the hydrogen discharge pipeline are both connected to the hydrogen storage equipment and the hydrogen production equipment; The hydrogen filling pipeline comprises a plurality of hydrogen filling sub-pipelines connected in parallel, each of which is provided with a pneumatic valve in front of a hydrogen filling flow controller and a hydrogen filling flow meter, the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen filling flow controller has a rated hydrogen filling flow, and the range of the hydrogen filling flow meter matches the rated hydrogen filling flow; the rated hydrogen filling flow of each hydrogen filling sub-pipeline is different; The hydrogen discharge pipeline comprises a plurality of hydrogen discharge sub-pipelines connected in parallel, each of the hydrogen discharge sub-pipelines is provided with a pneumatic valve in front of a hydrogen discharge flow controller and a hydrogen discharge flow controller, the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge flow controller has a rated hydrogen discharge flow, and the hydrogen discharge flow interval of the hydrogen discharge flow controller matches the rated hydrogen discharge flow; the rated hydrogen discharge flow of each hydrogen discharge sub-pipeline is different; The control feedback system is used to obtain the real-time hydrogen filling flow of the hydrogen filling pipeline in the hydrogen filling mode, and control the opening and closing state of the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen filling flow controller on the corresponding hydrogen filling sub-pipeline based on the matching relationship between the real-time hydrogen filling flow and the rated hydrogen filling flow; in the hydrogen discharge mode, obtain the set hydrogen discharge flow of the hydrogen discharge flow controller, and close the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge flow controller if it is determined that the set hydrogen discharge flow reaches the hydrogen discharge cut-off flow; The hydrogen filling pipeline comprises a first hydrogen filling sub-pipeline and a second hydrogen filling sub-pipeline; The first hydrogen filling sub-pipeline is provided with a pneumatic valve in front of a first hydrogen filling flow controller, a first hydrogen filling flow meter and a first hydrogen filling check valve, and the second hydrogen filling sub-pipeline is provided with a pneumatic valve in front of a second hydrogen filling flow controller, a second hydrogen filling flow meter and a second hydrogen filling check valve; the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller has a first rated hydrogen filling flow, the range of the first hydrogen filling flow meter matches the first rated hydrogen filling flow, the pneumatic valve in front of the second hydrogen filling flow controller has a second rated hydrogen filling flow, the range of the second hydrogen filling flow meter matches the second rated hydrogen filling flow, and the first rated hydrogen filling flow is greater than the second rated hydrogen filling flow; The hydrogen filling pipeline also includes a hydrogen filling straight-through pipeline, and the hydrogen filling straight-through pipeline is connected in parallel with the plurality of hydrogen filling sub-pipelines; a hydrogen filling straight-through valve is provided on the hydrogen filling straight-through pipeline; The hydrogen discharge pipeline comprises a first hydrogen discharge sub-pipeline and a second hydrogen discharge sub-pipeline; The first hydrogen desorption sub-pipeline is provided with a pneumatic valve in front of a first hydrogen desorption flow controller, a first hydrogen desorption flow controller and a first hydrogen desorption check valve, and the second hydrogen desorption sub-pipeline includes a pneumatic valve in front of a second hydrogen desorption flow controller, a second hydrogen desorption flow controller and a second hydrogen desorption check valve; the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen desorption flow controller has a first rated hydrogen desorption flow, the hydrogen desorption flow interval of the first hydrogen desorption flow controller matches the first rated hydrogen desorption flow, the pneumatic valve in front of the second hydrogen desorption flow controller has a second rated hydrogen desorption flow, the hydrogen desorption flow interval of the second hydrogen desorption flow controller matches the second rated hydrogen desorption flow, and the first rated hydrogen desorption flow is greater than the second rated hydrogen desorption flow; The hydrogen discharge pipeline further comprises a hydrogen discharge straight-through pipeline, and the hydrogen discharge straight-through pipeline is connected in parallel with a plurality of hydrogen discharge sub-pipelines; a hydrogen discharge straight-through valve is arranged on the hydrogen discharge straight-through pipeline.

2. The solid hydrogen source charging and discharging hydrogen flow automatic control device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A solid hydrogen source inlet valve is provided at the inlet of the hydrogen storage device and the hydrogen production device; The hydrogen filling pipeline is connected with a hydrogen filling cylinder, and a first filter and a hydrogen inlet valve are arranged on the pipeline connecting the hydrogen filling pipeline and the hydrogen filling cylinder.

3. The solid hydrogen source charging and discharging hydrogen flow automatic control device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A second filter and a pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge pipeline are provided on the pipeline connecting the hydrogen storage device and the hydrogen discharge pipeline, and a flame arrester is provided at the venting port of the hydrogen discharge pipeline; A plurality of the hydrogen discharge sub-pipelines are connected in parallel and connected to one end of a hydrogen discharge pipeline pressure reducing valve, and the other end of the hydrogen discharge pipeline pressure reducing valve is connected to the front pneumatic valve of the hydrogen discharge pipeline.

4. The solid hydrogen source charging and discharging hydrogen flow automatic control device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A vacuum pipeline is also connected in parallel between the decompression valve of the hydrogen discharge pipeline and the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge pipeline, and a vacuum pipeline valve and a vacuum pump are arranged on the vacuum pipeline.

5. A solid-state hydrogen source charging and discharging flow rate automatic control method of the solid-state hydrogen source charging and discharging flow rate automatic control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: include: In the hydrogen filling mode, if it is determined that the solid hydrogen source inlet valve and the hydrogen gas inlet valve are opened, the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller is opened, and the first real-time hydrogen filling flow of the first hydrogen filling flow meter is obtained in real time; if it is determined that the first real-time hydrogen filling flow is attenuated to the switching cut-off flow, the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller is closed, and the pneumatic valve in front of the second hydrogen filling flow controller is opened, and the second real-time hydrogen filling flow of the second hydrogen filling flow meter is obtained in real time; if it is determined that the second real-time hydrogen filling flow is attenuated to the hydrogen filling flow threshold, the pneumatic valve in front of the second hydrogen filling flow controller is closed, and hydrogen filling is completed; In the hydrogen decomposition mode, the hydrogen decomposition line pressure of the hydrogen decomposition line is adjusted to the vacuum cut-off pressure, and the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen decomposition flow controller and the pneumatic valve in front of the second hydrogen decomposition flow controller are opened; if it is determined that the hydrogen decomposition line pressure reaches the hydrogen charging cut-off pressure, the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen decomposition flow controller, the pneumatic valve in front of the second hydrogen decomposition flow controller, and the vacuum line valve are closed; the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen decomposition flow controller is opened, and hydrogen is decompressed based on the set hydrogen decomposition flow rate. If it is determined that the set hydrogen decomposition flow rate decays to the preset hydrogen decomposition cut-off flow rate, or the hydrogen decomposition line pressure is less than the hydrogen decomposition cut-off pressure, the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen decomposition flow controller is closed, and the set hydrogen decomposition flow rate is set to zero.

6. The method for automatically controlling the flow rate of hydrogen charging and discharging of a solid hydrogen source according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: If it is determined that the first real-time hydrogen filling flow rate is greater than the preset maximum hydrogen filling flow rate and the duration is greater than the maximum continuous hydrogen filling time, it is determined that there is a leak and the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller is automatically closed.

7. The method for automatically controlling the flow rate of hydrogen charging and discharging of a solid hydrogen source according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: Determine a first time parameter for the pneumatic valve in front of the first hydrogen filling flow controller to be opened and closed, determine a second time parameter for the pneumatic valve in front of the second hydrogen filling flow controller to be opened and closed, and determine the cumulative hydrogen filling flow according to the integral of the first real-time hydrogen filling flow and the first time parameter and the integral of the second real-time hydrogen filling flow and the second time parameter.

8. The method for automatically controlling the flow rate of hydrogen charging and discharging of a solid hydrogen source according to claim 5, characterized in that: Adjust the hydrogen discharge pipeline pressure of the hydrogen discharge pipeline to the vacuum cut-off pressure, specifically including: If it is determined that the hydrogen inlet valve, the solid hydrogen source inlet valve and the vacuum pipeline valve are all opened, the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge pipeline and the vacuum pump are opened until the hydrogen discharge pipeline pressure of the hydrogen discharge pipeline reaches the vacuum cut-off pressure, and then the pneumatic valve in front of the hydrogen discharge pipeline and the vacuum pump are closed.

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