Photovoltaic array agriculture and light complementary irrigation system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, in particular to a photovoltaic array agriculture and light complementary irrigation system and method. The photovoltaic array agriculture and light complementary irrigation system comprises an irrigation mechanism, a photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism and a flexible external pipe. Wherein the irrigation mechanism comprises a first pipeline and a plurality of spraying assemblies, the spraying assemblies are arranged on the first pipeline at equal intervals and communicate with the first pipeline, and the spraying assemblies are configured to spray pasture on the ground. The photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism comprises a second pipeline, a third pipeline and a cleaning assembly, one end of the second pipeline communicates with the first pipeline, the other end of the second pipeline communicates with the third pipeline, the cleaning assembly is arranged on the third pipeline and communicates with the third pipeline, and the cleaning assembly is configured to clean a photovoltaic panel. One end of the flexible external pipe communicates with the first pipeline, and the other end of the flexible external pipe is used for being connected with a water source. The photovoltaic array agriculture and light complementary irrigation system can reduce irrigation blind areas, improves the utilization rate of water resources, has high integration level, and achieves the purpose of saving cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic array agricultural-photovoltaic complementary irrigation system and method. Background Technology

[0002] The photovoltaic array agricultural-photovoltaic complementary model achieves three-dimensional land use by planting crops such as pasture under and in the intervals of the photovoltaic array, which combines the ecological and economic benefits of new energy power generation and agricultural production. It has become one of the mainstream directions for the integrated development of the photovoltaic industry and modern agriculture.

[0003] In related technologies, crop irrigation around photovoltaic arrays mainly uses modified traditional agricultural drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation systems, which are prone to problems such as irrigation blind spots and water waste, and are difficult to meet the water supply needs of pasture growth. Photovoltaic panel cleaning mainly relies on vehicle-mounted high-pressure water guns or robotic cleaning, which generally suffer from high water consumption, high energy consumption, and direct discharge of cleaning wastewater, resulting in resource waste. At the same time, cleaning devices and irrigation devices are set up independently, resulting in complex pipeline layouts and high equipment costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system and method to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to propose a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system and method, which can reduce irrigation blind spots, improve water resource utilization, has a high degree of integration, and achieve the goal of saving costs.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: On one hand, the present invention provides a photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system, comprising: An irrigation system, comprising a first pipeline and a plurality of spraying components, wherein the plurality of spraying components are equally spaced on the first pipeline and connected to the first pipeline, and the spraying components are configured to spray pasture on the ground. A photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism includes a second pipeline, a third pipeline, and a cleaning component. One end of the second pipeline is connected to the first pipeline, and the other end is connected to the third pipeline. The cleaning component is disposed on the third pipeline and connected to the third pipeline. The cleaning component is configured to clean photovoltaic panels. A flexible external connector is provided, one end of which is connected to the first pipeline, and the other end of which is used to connect to a water source.

[0007] As an optional technical solution for a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system, the angle between the second pipeline and the horizontal plane is R1, the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane is R2, 0° < R1 = R2 < 90°, and the second pipeline is located on the side of the photovoltaic panel, while the third pipeline is located on the top of the photovoltaic panel.

[0008] As an optional technical solution for a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system, the sprinkler assembly includes a diversion pipe, an irrigation nozzle, and a flow limiting and stabilizing component. One end of the diversion pipe is connected to the first pipeline, and the other end is connected to the irrigation nozzle. The flow limiting and stabilizing component is fixed above the irrigation nozzle.

[0009] As an optional technical solution for a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system, the flow limiting and stabilizing component includes a connecting rod and a diffusion plate, a turbulence plate, and a water collection plate distributed from top to bottom; One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the water collection plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the diffuser plate. The turbulence plate protrudes from the water collection plate, and the diffuser plate, the turbulence plate, and the water collection plate are coaxially arranged. The bottom surface of the diffuser is a convex curved surface to impact and diffuse the water flow; the turbulence plate has multiple asymmetrically arranged oblique guide holes to generate rotating turbulence; the edge of the water collection plate is provided with a guide skirt.

[0010] As an optional technical solution for a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system, the cleaning component includes multiple cleaning spray heads, which are evenly arranged along the length of the third pipeline, and the spraying direction of the cleaning spray heads is all facing the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0011] As an optional technical solution for a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system, the photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism further includes an adaptive fixing component. One end of the adaptive fixing component is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third pipeline, and the other end is detachably connected to the photovoltaic panel. The adaptive fixing component is configured to fix the third pipeline to the photovoltaic panel.

[0012] As an optional technical solution for a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system, the adaptive fixing component includes a fixing block fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third pipeline, an active clamping arm and a driven clamping arm pivotally connected to the lower end of the fixing block, and the active clamping arm and the driven clamping arm together form a clamping part for clamping the photovoltaic panel. The clamping part is provided with a bidirectional memory alloy spring and a composite clamping pad. The two ends of the bidirectional memory alloy spring are respectively connected to the active clamping arm and the driven clamping arm, and the composite clamping pad is fitted to the inner wall of the clamping part.

[0013] As an optional technical solution for a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system, the composite clamping pad includes a rubber damping layer, a porous elastic adsorption layer and an anti-slip textured surface layer stacked in sequence. The rubber damping layer is connected to the inner wall of the clamping part, and the anti-slip textured surface layer is used for clamping and contacting the photovoltaic panel.

[0014] As an optional technical solution for a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system, the inlet end of the first pipeline is equipped with a main solenoid valve, which is connected to the outlet end of the flexible external pipe. The second pipeline is equipped with a first auxiliary solenoid valve, which is used to control the on / off state of the second pipeline.

[0015] As an optional technical solution for a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system, the photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system also includes a water circulation component, which includes a water guide and collection trough disposed at the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel and a return pipe connected to the water guide and collection trough, and a filter and a circulation pump are disposed on the return pipe; The first pipeline is equipped with a four-way sleeve, which has an interface A, an interface B, an interface C and an interface D. The interface A is connected to the water inlet of the second pipeline, the interface B is connected to the water outlet of the return pipe, the interface C is connected to the water outlet of the flexible external pipe, and the interface D is connected to the water inlet of the first pipeline.

[0016] As an optional technical solution for a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system, the sprinkler assembly is equipped with a second auxiliary solenoid valve, which is used to control the flow of water in the sprinkler assembly.

[0017] As an optional technical solution for a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system, the photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism also includes an angle-adjustable elbow. One end of the angle-adjustable elbow is sealed to the water outlet of the second pipeline, and the other end is sealed to the water inlet of the third pipeline. The angle-adjustable elbow is configured to adjust the spatial angle of the third pipeline.

[0018] As an optional technical solution for a photovoltaic array agricultural-photovoltaic complementary irrigation system, the angle-adjustable elbow is a universal ball joint, or it is composed of two connecting parts with arc-shaped grooves spliced ​​together by locking bolts.

[0019] On the other hand, the present invention provides a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation method, which is applied to the photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system described in any of the above optional technical solutions. The photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system includes a control module and a sensing module. The control module is signal-connected to the sensing module. The sensing module includes an optical sensor, a soil moisture sensor, and an environmental weather station. The optical sensor is disposed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the soil moisture sensor is buried in the soil of the pasture planting area, and the environmental weather station is located at the photovoltaic array site. The photovoltaic array-based agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation method includes the following steps: S1. Sensing Data Acquisition: The surface cleanliness data of the photovoltaic panel is collected through optical sensors, the soil moisture data of the pasture planting area is collected through soil moisture sensors, and the environmental meteorological data of the photovoltaic array site is collected through environmental meteorological stations. All data are transmitted to the control module in real time. S2. Operation mode selection: The control module compares and analyzes the collected data with preset thresholds and automatically selects the pure irrigation mode, pure cleaning mode, or combined cleaning and irrigation operation mode. S3. Operation Mode Execution: The control module controls the water flow in the irrigation mechanism and / or photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism according to the selected operation mode to execute the corresponding operation mode.

[0020] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation method, in step S2, the triggering condition for pure irrigation mode is: the soil moisture data collected by the soil moisture sensor is lower than the preset humidity threshold, and the environmental meteorological data collected by the environmental meteorological station shows no recent rainfall; the control module controls the main solenoid valve and the second auxiliary solenoid valve to open and the first auxiliary solenoid valve to close, and only spray irrigation is carried out on the pasture planting area through the spray component.

[0021] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation method, in step S2, the triggering condition for pure cleaning mode is: the surface cleanliness data of photovoltaic panel collected by optical sensor exceeds the preset dirt threshold, and the light intensity data collected by environmental meteorological station reaches the preset light threshold; the control module controls the main solenoid valve and the first auxiliary solenoid valve to be opened and the second auxiliary solenoid valve to be closed, and the photovoltaic panel is cleaned only by the cleaning component.

[0022] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic array-based agricultural-photovoltaic complementary irrigation method, the execution steps of the combined cleaning and irrigation operation mode in step S2 are as follows: The control module first opens the main solenoid valve and the first auxiliary solenoid valve, and closes the second auxiliary solenoid valve. It then cleans the photovoltaic panels through the cleaning components and prioritizes using the wastewater flowing down after cleaning the photovoltaic panels to naturally irrigate the ground pasture. The control module uses a soil moisture sensor to detect the soil moisture in real time after irrigation. If the soil moisture does not reach the preset moisture threshold, it opens the second auxiliary solenoid valve and uses the sprinkler components to supplement irrigation to the pasture planting area.

[0023] As an optional technical solution for a photovoltaic array-based agricultural-solar complementary irrigation method, the method further includes a low-temperature anti-freezing protection step: When the control module determines that there is a risk of icing on site based on the ambient temperature data collected by the environmental meteorological station, it automatically closes the first auxiliary solenoid valve and disables the cleaning function. At the same time, it controls the drainage structure of the first, second, and third pipelines to open and perform an emptying operation.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention include at least the following: This invention provides a photovoltaic array-based agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system, comprising an irrigation mechanism, a photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism, and a flexible external connection. The irrigation mechanism includes a first pipeline and multiple spray components. The spray components are evenly spaced and connected to the first pipeline, and are configured to spray pasture on the ground. The photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism includes a second pipeline, a third pipeline, and a cleaning component. One end of the second pipeline is connected to the first pipeline, and the other end is connected to the third pipeline. The cleaning component is located on and connected to the third pipeline, and is configured to clean the photovoltaic panels. One end of the flexible external connection is connected to the first pipeline, and the other end is used to connect to a water source.

[0025] In this invention, by connecting the second pipeline of the photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism to the first pipeline of the irrigation mechanism, and connecting the two ends of the flexible external pipe to the first pipeline and the water source respectively, the irrigation mechanism and the photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism can be integrated together and share the same water source. This eliminates the need for a separate water supply pipeline for the cleaning mechanism, reducing redundant investment in equipment and pipelines, simplifying construction and pipeline layout, and saving costs. Multiple spray components are evenly spaced along the length of the first pipeline, with the spacing between adjacent spray components set according to the row spacing of the pasture planting, thereby reducing irrigation blind spots and improving the irrigation effect on the pasture. Furthermore, the water from the photovoltaic panel cleaning process can naturally fall along the photovoltaic panels to the pasture planting area below, achieving secondary utilization of the cleaning water. Compared to traditional vehicle-mounted high-pressure water gun cleaning or robot cleaning methods where wastewater is lost on roads or wasteland, the photovoltaic array agricultural-photovoltaic complementary irrigation system of this invention allows wastewater to be used for irrigating pasture nearby, achieving the goal of "dual use of water".

[0026] This invention also provides a photovoltaic array-based agricultural-solar complementary irrigation method. This method can automatically select the operating mode based on the actual conditions of photovoltaic panel cleanliness, soil moisture, and environmental weather, thereby improving operating efficiency. It achieves fully automated operation of irrigation and cleaning operations without manual intervention, significantly reducing the operation and maintenance labor costs of photovoltaic power stations. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the irrigation mechanism provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another part of the photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the composite pad provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart of the photovoltaic array-based agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure Labels 10. Irrigation mechanism; 11. First pipeline; 12. Sprinkler assembly; 121. Diversion pipe; 122. Flow limiting and stabilizing assembly; 123. Diffuser plate; 124. Turbulence plate; 125. Water collection plate; 126. Connecting rod; 13. Sealing plug; 20. Photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism; 21. Second pipeline; 22. Third pipeline; 23. Cleaning assembly; 24. Adaptive fixing assembly; 241. Fixing block; 242. Active clamping arm; 243. Driven clamping arm; 244. Bidirectional memory alloy spring; 245. Composite clamping pad; 2451. Rubber damping layer; 2452. Porous elastic adsorption layer; 2453. Anti-slip textured surface layer; 25. First auxiliary solenoid valve; 26. Angle-adjustable elbow; 30. Flexible external connecting pipe; 31. Main solenoid valve; 40. Four-way sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0032] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Example 1 This embodiment provides a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system, which can reduce irrigation blind spots, improve water resource utilization, has a high degree of integration, and achieve the goal of saving costs.

[0039] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the photovoltaic array agricultural-photovoltaic complementary irrigation system mainly includes an irrigation mechanism 10, a photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism 20, and a flexible external connection pipe 30. The irrigation mechanism 10 includes a first pipe 11 and multiple spray components 12. The multiple spray components 12 are equally spaced on and connected to the first pipe 11, and are configured to spray the forage on the ground. The photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism 20 includes a second pipe 21, a third pipe 22, and a cleaning component 23. One end of the second pipe 21 is connected to the first pipe 11, and the other end is connected to the third pipe 22. The cleaning component 23 is located on and connected to the third pipe 22, and is configured to clean the photovoltaic panels. One end of the flexible external connection pipe 30 is connected to the first pipe 11, and the other end of the flexible external connection pipe 30 is used to connect to a water source.

[0040] Based on the above design, in this embodiment, by connecting the second pipe 21 of the photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism 20 to the first pipe 11 of the irrigation mechanism 10, and connecting both ends of the flexible external pipe 30 to the first pipe 11 and the water source respectively, the irrigation mechanism 10 and the photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism 20 can be integrated together and share the same water source. This eliminates the need for a separate water supply pipe for the cleaning mechanism, reducing redundant investment in equipment and pipe networks, lowering the complexity of construction and pipe network layout, and saving costs. Multiple spray components 12 are evenly spaced along the length of the first pipe 11, with the spacing between adjacent spray components 12 set according to the row spacing of the pasture planting, thereby reducing irrigation blind spots and improving the irrigation effect on the pasture. In addition, the water flow after cleaning the photovoltaic panels in this embodiment can fall naturally along the photovoltaic panels to the pasture planting area below the photovoltaic panels, realizing the secondary use of cleaning water. Compared with the traditional vehicle-mounted high-pressure water gun cleaning or robot cleaning methods where wastewater is lost on roads or wasteland, the photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system in this embodiment can make wastewater be used to irrigate pasture nearby, achieving the purpose of "one water for two uses".

[0041] Optionally, in this embodiment, the angle between the second pipe 21 and the horizontal plane (i.e., the plane where the ground is located) is R1, and the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane is R2, where 0° < R1 = R2 < 90°. The second pipe 21 is located on the side of the photovoltaic panel, and the third pipe 22 is located on the top of the photovoltaic panel. Specifically, the photovoltaic panel is installed at a fixed angle R2 to the horizontal plane via a bracket. The second pipe 21 is a rigid pipe or an engineering plastic pipe, which is fixed to the side of the photovoltaic panel's bracket by pipe clamps. This ensures that the angle between the second pipe 21 and the horizontal plane is precisely set to R1, and that R1 and R2 are completely consistent. The laying direction of the second pipe 21 is parallel to the tilt direction of the photovoltaic panel, thereby facilitating the flow of cleaning water sprayed by the cleaning assembly 23 from the top to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel, achieving comprehensive cleaning of the photovoltaic panel.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the sprinkler assembly 12 in this embodiment includes a diversion pipe 121, an irrigation nozzle, and a flow limiting and stabilizing assembly 122. One end of the diversion pipe 121 is connected to the first pipeline 11, and the other end is connected to the irrigation nozzle. The flow limiting and stabilizing assembly 122 is fixed above the irrigation nozzle.

[0043] The water jet from the irrigation nozzle has a certain initial velocity and a tendency to concentrate; direct spraying can easily form impact pits or runoff on the soil surface. The flow-limiting and stabilizing component 122 receives this water flow and disperses the concentrated water column into a uniform water film, which is then guided and buffered before being evenly distributed. This process significantly reduces the direct impact of the water flow on the soil, avoids soil compaction and surface runoff, and allows water to slowly penetrate into the soil, improving the uniformity of irrigation.

[0044] like Figure 3As shown, the flow-limiting and stabilizing assembly 122 in this embodiment includes a connecting rod 126 and a diffuser 123, a turbulence disk 124, and a water collection disk 125 distributed from top to bottom. One end of the connecting rod 126 is fixedly connected to the water collection disk 125, and the other end is fixedly connected to the diffuser 123. The turbulence disk 124 protrudes from the water collection disk 125, and the diffuser 123, turbulence disk 124, and water collection disk 125 are coaxially arranged. The bottom surface of the diffuser 123 is a convex curved surface to impact and diffuse the water flow; the turbulence disk 124 has multiple asymmetrically and obliquely arranged guide holes to generate rotating turbulence; the edge of the water collection disk 125 is provided with a guide skirt.

[0045] Specifically, the connecting rod 126 is a rigid stainless steel rod, with its lower end welded and fixed to the center of the upper surface of the water collecting tray 125, and its upper end welded and fixed to the center of the lower surface of the diffuser 123, so that the diffuser 123, the turbulence tray 124, and the water collecting tray 125 are coaxially arranged. The turbulence tray 124 is integrally formed and protrudes from the center of the upper surface of the water collecting tray 125. The bottom surface of the diffuser 123 is an arc-shaped convex surface. After the water jet from the irrigation nozzle hits the convex surface, it spreads evenly in all directions along the convex surface to form a water film. Multiple asymmetrical oblique guide holes on the turbulence plate 124 are arranged in a ring array, and the guide holes are at a preset angle to the horizontal plane of the turbulence plate 124. When the water film passes through the guide holes, it generates rotating turbulence, which further breaks the water flow into uniform water droplets. The edge of the water collection plate 125 extends downward to form a ring-shaped guide skirt. The height of the guide skirt is preferably such that it can completely constrain the water droplets after turbulence, so that the water droplets fall vertically downward along the guide skirt to the designated pasture planting area.

[0046] The convex surface of the diffuser 123 achieves initial uniform diffusion of the water column. The asymmetrically angled guide holes of the turbulence plate 124 generate swirling turbulence in the water flow, breaking the water film into finer, more uniform droplets, thus improving irrigation uniformity and meeting the needs of precision irrigation in shaded areas under photovoltaic panels. The guide skirt of the water collection plate 125 effectively constrains the water spray range, preventing water from drifting with the wind and reducing water waste. At the same time, it creates a stable circular water curtain in the irrigation area, ensuring uniform soil moisture in the pasture planting area and preventing local soil compaction or drought.

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown, the cleaning assembly 23 includes multiple cleaning spray heads, which are evenly distributed along the length of the third pipe 22, and the spray direction of the cleaning spray heads is all towards the surface of the photovoltaic panel. Optionally, the cleaning spray heads can be high-pressure atomizing spray heads, which are linearly arranged at equal intervals along the length of the third pipe 22. The spacing between adjacent cleaning spray heads is set according to the width of the photovoltaic panel to ensure that the spray range of all cleaning spray heads is connected and there are no cleaning blind spots.

[0048] like Figure 5As shown, the photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism 20 also includes an adaptive fixing component 24. One end of the adaptive fixing component 24 is fixed to the outer wall of the third pipe 22, and the other end is detachably connected to the photovoltaic panel. The adaptive fixing component 24 is configured to fix the third pipe 22 to the photovoltaic panel, realizing the detachable connection between the third pipe 22 and the photovoltaic panel, and the installation and disassembly operations are convenient.

[0049] like Figures 5-6 As shown, the adaptive fixing component 24 in this embodiment includes a fixing block 241 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third pipeline 22, an active clamping arm 242 and a driven clamping arm 243 pivotally connected to the lower end of the fixing block 241. The active clamping arm 242 and the driven clamping arm 243 enclose each other to form a clamping part for clamping the photovoltaic panel. A bidirectional memory alloy spring 244 and a composite clamping pad 245 are provided inside the clamping part. The two ends of the bidirectional memory alloy spring 244 are respectively connected to the active clamping arm 242 and the driven clamping arm 243, and the composite clamping pad 245 is fitted against the inner wall of the clamping part.

[0050] Specifically, the photovoltaic panel frame expands and contracts due to diurnal temperature variations and seasonal changes. Traditional rigid clamps may loosen as the frame expands when temperatures rise, or deform due to excessive stress caused by frame contraction when temperatures drop. The bidirectional memory alloy spring 244 possesses temperature-sensitive hyperelastic properties. When the ambient temperature rises, the photovoltaic panel frame expands, and the bidirectional memory alloy spring 244 elongates due to heat, increasing the opening between the active clamping arm 242 and the driven clamping arm 243. However, the restoring force of the bidirectional memory alloy spring 244 maintains an inward clamping tendency, ensuring that the clamping force does not decrease. When the ambient temperature drops, the frame contracts, and the bidirectional memory alloy spring 244 contracts accordingly, avoiding destructive tensile stress on the contracting frame. This adaptive mechanism keeps the clamping force constant over a wide temperature range, solving the installation reliability problem caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of metal structures in outdoor environments. The composite pad 245 further absorbs wind load vibration and mechanical impact, protecting the photovoltaic panel frame from damage.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, the composite clamping pad 245 includes a rubber damping layer 2451, a porous elastic adsorption layer 2452 and an anti-slip textured surface layer 2453 stacked in sequence. The rubber damping layer 2451 is connected to the inner wall of the clamping part, and the anti-slip textured surface layer 2453 is used for clamping and contacting the photovoltaic panel.

[0052] The rubber damping layer 2451, serving as the connecting substrate with the clamping part, utilizes the high elasticity and internal friction properties of rubber to absorb vibration transmission from the third pipe 22 and the photovoltaic panel, preventing loosening caused by mechanical resonance. The porous elastic adsorption layer 2452, through its porous structure, generates local deformation under pressure, increasing the actual contact area with the photovoltaic panel frame and dispersing contact stress. Simultaneously, the microporous structure generates a capillary adsorption effect in humid environments, enhancing frictional resistance. The anti-slip textured surface layer 2453, through its micro-uneven surface structure, forms a mechanical engagement with the photovoltaic panel frame surface under clamping pressure, maintaining a sufficient coefficient of friction even under rain or frost conditions to prevent slippage. The synergistic effect of these three layers enables the adaptive fixing component 24 to maintain reliable clamping force and positional stability even under harsh combined environments such as vibration, impact, humidity, and temperature differences, significantly improving the long-term operational reliability of the photovoltaic array agricultural-photovoltaic complementary irrigation system.

[0053] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the inlet end of the first pipeline 11 is equipped with a main solenoid valve 31, which is connected to the outlet end of the flexible external connector 30. The second pipeline 21 is equipped with a first auxiliary solenoid valve 25, which is used to control the opening and closing of the second pipeline 21. For example, the main solenoid valve 31 and the first auxiliary solenoid valve 25 are of the same type and can both be set as normally closed solenoid valves.

[0054] Furthermore, a second auxiliary solenoid valve is provided on the spray assembly 12, which is used to control the flow of water in the spray assembly 12. For example, the second auxiliary solenoid valve can also be a normally closed solenoid valve.

[0055] When the photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system only needs to clean the photovoltaic panels, the second auxiliary solenoid valve can be closed to cut off the water flow to the spray assembly 12, achieving a pure cleaning mode. When the photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system only needs to irrigate the pasture, the first auxiliary solenoid valve 25 can be closed to cut off the water flow to the second pipe 21 and the third pipe 22. When the photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system needs to clean the photovoltaic panels and irrigate the pasture simultaneously, the main solenoid valve 31, the first auxiliary solenoid valve 25, and the second auxiliary solenoid valve are all open.

[0056] like Figure 4As shown, the photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism 20 also includes an adjustable elbow 26. One end of the adjustable elbow 26 is sealed to the water outlet of the second pipe 21, and the other end is sealed to the water inlet of the third pipe 22. The adjustable elbow 26 is configured to adjust the spatial angle of the third pipe 22. By setting the adjustable elbow 26, the spatial angle of the third pipe 22 can be freely and finely adjusted, and can be precisely adjusted according to the actual installation tilt angle and orientation of the photovoltaic panel to ensure that the spray direction of the cleaning spray head is always optimal.

[0057] For example, the angle-adjustable elbow 26 is a universal ball joint, or it is composed of two connecting parts with arc-shaped grooves spliced ​​together by locking bolts.

[0058] like Figures 1-2 As shown, multiple first pipes 11 can be configured, connected in series to accommodate irrigation of pasture planting areas of different sizes. A sealing plug 13 is installed at the end of the last first pipe 11 to prevent water overflow.

[0059] like Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment also provides a photovoltaic array-based agricultural-photovoltaic complementary irrigation method, which is applied to the aforementioned photovoltaic array-based agricultural-photovoltaic complementary irrigation system. The photovoltaic array-based agricultural-photovoltaic complementary irrigation system includes a control module and a sensing module. The control module and the sensing module are signal-connected. The sensing module includes an optical sensor, a soil moisture sensor, and an environmental weather station. The optical sensor is located on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the soil moisture sensor is buried in the soil of the pasture planting area, and the environmental weather station is located at the photovoltaic array site.

[0060] The photovoltaic array-based agricultural-solar hybrid irrigation method includes the following steps: S1. Sensing Data Acquisition: The surface cleanliness data of the photovoltaic panel is collected through optical sensors, the soil moisture data of the pasture planting area is collected through soil moisture sensors, and the environmental meteorological data of the photovoltaic array site is collected through environmental meteorological stations. All data are transmitted to the control module in real time.

[0061] For example, optical sensors, such as dust monitors or image recognition sensors based on the principle of light attenuation, are installed on the surface of representative photovoltaic panels to monitor changes in light transmittance or dust coverage area in real time, converting cleanliness data into electrical signals that are transmitted to the control module. Soil moisture sensors employ frequency domain reflectance or time domain reflectance sensors, with the burial depth determined based on the distribution of grass roots. An environmental meteorological station integrates a light intensity sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, wind speed and direction sensor, and rain gauge, installed in an open location at the photovoltaic array site to ensure the representativeness of the measurement data. Each sensor is connected to the control module via wired or wireless communication, with the data transmission cycle ranging from one to ten minutes, determined according to control response requirements.

[0062] S2. Operation Mode Selection: The control module compares and analyzes the collected data with preset thresholds and automatically selects the pure irrigation mode, pure cleaning mode, or combined cleaning and irrigation operation mode.

[0063] Specifically, the control module uses an industrial PLC or embedded industrial computer, with built-in comparators and decision logic units. It compares the received cleanliness data with preset dirt thresholds, soil moisture data with preset humidity thresholds, and environmental meteorological data with rainfall forecast models. Based on the comparison results, it selects the optimal mode from pure irrigation, pure cleaning, and combined cleaning and irrigation operation modes.

[0064] S3. Operation mode execution: The control module controls the water flow in the irrigation mechanism 10 and / or photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism 20 according to the selected operation mode to execute the corresponding operation mode.

[0065] Specifically, the control module sends switching combination commands to the main solenoid valve 31, the first auxiliary solenoid valve 25, and the second auxiliary solenoid valve according to the selected operating mode, driving the corresponding irrigation mechanism 10 and / or photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism 20 to perform irrigation and / or cleaning operations.

[0066] This photovoltaic-agricultural complementary irrigation method can automatically select the operating mode based on the actual conditions of photovoltaic panel cleanliness, soil moisture, and environmental weather, thereby improving operational efficiency. Simultaneously, the control module manages the water flow, achieving fully automated irrigation and cleaning operations without manual intervention. This significantly reduces the labor costs of photovoltaic power station maintenance and enhances the timeliness and accuracy of operations.

[0067] In step S2, the triggering condition for the pure irrigation mode is: the soil moisture data collected by the soil moisture sensor is lower than the preset humidity threshold, and the environmental meteorological data collected by the environmental meteorological station shows no recent rainfall; the control module controls the main solenoid valve 31 and the second auxiliary solenoid valve to open and the first auxiliary solenoid valve 25 to close, and only spray irrigation is carried out on the pasture planting area through the spray assembly 12.

[0068] Specifically, the preset humidity threshold for the pure irrigation mode is set according to the growth cycle of the pasture. The recent rainfall judgment based on environmental meteorological data is the rainfall signal collected by the environmental meteorological station and the short-term rainfall forecast data. When the control module detects that the soil moisture data collected by the soil moisture sensor is continuously lower than the preset humidity threshold, and the environmental meteorological data collected by the environmental meteorological station shows no rainfall signal and no recent rainfall, the pure irrigation mode is automatically triggered. In this mode, the control module sends an opening command to the main solenoid valve 31 and the second auxiliary solenoid valves of all sprinkler components 12, and a closing command to the first auxiliary solenoid valve 25. The external water source enters the first pipeline 11 through the flexible external connection 30, and after passing through the diversion pipe 121, irrigation nozzles, and flow limiting and stabilizing components 122, it is evenly sprayed onto the pasture planting area to achieve pure irrigation operation until the soil moisture data reaches the preset threshold. Then, the control module sends a command to close the main solenoid valve 31 and the second auxiliary solenoid valve.

[0069] In step S2, the triggering condition for the pure cleaning mode is: the surface cleanliness data of the photovoltaic panel collected by the optical sensor exceeds the preset dirt threshold, and the light intensity data collected by the environmental meteorological station reaches the preset light threshold; the control module controls the main solenoid valve 31 and the first auxiliary solenoid valve 25 to be opened and the second auxiliary solenoid valve to be closed, and the photovoltaic panel is cleaned only by the cleaning component 23.

[0070] Specifically, the preset dirt threshold for the pure cleaning mode is set based on the power generation efficiency requirements of the photovoltaic panel, and the preset light threshold is set based on the normal power generation light intensity of the photovoltaic panel. When the control module detects that the surface cleanliness data of the photovoltaic panel collected by the optical sensor exceeds the preset dirt threshold, and the light intensity data collected by the environmental weather station continuously reaches the preset light threshold, the pure cleaning mode is automatically triggered. In this mode, the control module sends an opening command to the main solenoid valve 31 and the first auxiliary solenoid valve 25, and a closing command to all the second auxiliary solenoid valves. External water enters the second pipeline 21 and the third pipeline 22 sequentially through the flexible external connecting pipe 30, and is sprayed out by the cleaning spray head to clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel. Until the surface cleanliness data of the photovoltaic panel is lower than the preset dirt threshold, the control module sends a command to close the main solenoid valve 31 and the first auxiliary solenoid valve 25.

[0071] In step S2, the execution steps of the combined cleaning and irrigation operation mode are as follows: the control module first opens the main solenoid valve 31 and the first auxiliary solenoid valve 25, closes the second auxiliary solenoid valve, and cleans the photovoltaic panel through the cleaning component 23. The wastewater flowing down after cleaning the photovoltaic panel is used to naturally irrigate the ground pasture. The control module detects the soil moisture after irrigation in real time through the soil moisture sensor. If the soil moisture does not reach the preset moisture threshold, the second auxiliary solenoid valve is opened, and the spray component 12 is used to supplement irrigation to the pasture planting area.

[0072] Specifically, the control module automatically triggers when it detects that the surface cleanliness of the photovoltaic panel exceeds a preset dirt threshold and the soil moisture data is below a preset humidity threshold. In this mode, the control module first sends an opening command to the main solenoid valve 31 and the first auxiliary solenoid valve 25, and a closing command to the second auxiliary solenoid valve. External water enters the cleaning water path, and the photovoltaic panel is cleaned by the cleaning spray head. The wastewater flowing down after cleaning the photovoltaic panel drips down the surface of the photovoltaic panel to the pasture planting area below, realizing natural irrigation of the pasture. This achieves the dual use of water and the return of wastewater to the fields, saving water resources. The control module detects the soil moisture data after natural irrigation in real time through the soil moisture sensor and compares it with the preset humidity threshold. If the soil moisture data still does not reach the preset humidity threshold, the control module immediately sends an opening command to the second auxiliary solenoid valve, and the water flows into the spray assembly 12 of the first pipeline 11. The spray assembly 12 then provides supplementary and precise irrigation to the pasture planting area until the soil moisture data reaches the preset threshold.

[0073] The photovoltaic array agricultural-photovoltaic complementary irrigation method in this embodiment also includes a low-temperature antifreeze protection step: when the control module determines that there is a risk of freezing on site based on the ambient temperature data collected by the environmental meteorological station, the control module first sends a closing command to the first auxiliary solenoid valve 25 to disable the cleaning function and prevent the water in the cleaning water path from freezing; at the same time, the control module sends an opening command to the drain valves (drainage structures) set at the lowest points of the first pipeline 11, the second pipeline 21, and the third pipeline 22, so that the water in the first pipeline 11, the second pipeline 21, and the third pipeline 22 is completely discharged through the drain valves under the action of gravity, realizing the emptying operation. After the emptying is completed, the control module sends a command to close the drain valves until the ambient temperature rises back to the safe threshold, then the antifreeze protection is released and normal operation is restored.

[0074] Example 2 This embodiment provides a photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system, which differs from Embodiment 1 in that: this photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system also includes a water circulation component.

[0075] Specifically, the water circulation component includes a guide water collection trough located at the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel, a return pipe connected to the guide water collection trough, and a storage tank connected to the return pipe. A filter and a circulation pump are installed on the return pipe, with the circulation pump located at the outlet of the storage tank. A four-way sleeve 40 is installed on the first pipeline 11, having interfaces A, B, C, and D. Interface A is connected to the inlet of the second pipeline 21, interface B is connected to the outlet of the return pipe, interface C is connected to the outlet of the flexible external connecting pipe 30, and interface D is connected to the inlet of the first pipeline 11.

[0076] Wastewater from cleaning the photovoltaic panels flows down the surface to the lower edge and is completely collected by the guide collection tank, preventing direct spillage or evaporation. The wastewater is then transported via a return pipe to a filter to remove dust particles and impurities, meeting irrigation water quality requirements. It then flows to a storage tank for storage. A circulation pump provides the power to overcome the resistance of the return pipe, transporting the filtered water from the storage tank through a four-way sleeve 40 to the second pipeline 21 for further cleaning of the photovoltaic panels; or to the spray assembly 12 on the first pipeline 11 for irrigating pasture, thereby improving water resource utilization efficiency.

[0077] The remaining structures of the photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.

[0078] Obviously, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

[0079] Note that in the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "some embodiments," "other embodiments," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system, characterized in that, include: An irrigation system, comprising a first pipeline and a plurality of spraying components, wherein the plurality of spraying components are equally spaced on the first pipeline and connected to the first pipeline, and the spraying components are configured to spray pasture on the ground. A photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism includes a second pipeline, a third pipeline, and a cleaning component. One end of the second pipeline is connected to the first pipeline, and the other end is connected to the third pipeline. The cleaning component is disposed on the third pipeline and connected to the third pipeline. The cleaning component is configured to clean photovoltaic panels. A flexible external connector is provided, one end of which is connected to the first pipeline, and the other end of which is used to connect to a water source.

2. The photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second pipe has an angle of R1 with the horizontal plane, and the photovoltaic panel has an angle of R2 with the horizontal plane, where 0° < R1 = R2 < 90°. The second pipe is located on the side of the photovoltaic panel, and the third pipe is located on the top of the photovoltaic panel.

3. The photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray assembly includes a diversion pipe, an irrigation nozzle, and a flow limiting and stabilizing component. One end of the diversion pipe is connected to the first pipeline, and the other end is connected to the irrigation nozzle. The flow limiting and stabilizing component is fixed above the irrigation nozzle.

4. The photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow limiting and stabilizing assembly includes a connecting rod and a diffuser plate, a turbulence plate, and a water collection plate distributed from top to bottom; One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the water collection plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the diffuser plate. The turbulence plate protrudes from the water collection plate, and the diffuser plate, the turbulence plate, and the water collection plate are coaxially arranged. The bottom surface of the diffuser is a convex curved surface to impact and diffuse the water flow; the turbulence plate has multiple asymmetrically arranged oblique guide holes to generate rotating turbulence; the edge of the water collection plate is provided with a guide skirt.

5. The photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly includes multiple cleaning spray heads, which are evenly arranged along the length of the third pipeline, and the spraying direction of the cleaning spray heads is all towards the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

6. The photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism also includes an adaptive fixing component, one end of which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third pipeline, and the other end is detachably connected to the photovoltaic panel. The adaptive fixing component is configured to fix the third pipeline to the photovoltaic panel.

7. The photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adaptive fixing assembly includes a fixing block fixed to the outer wall of the third pipeline, an active clamping arm and a driven clamping arm pivotally connected to the lower end of the fixing block, wherein the active clamping arm and the driven clamping arm enclose to form a clamping part for clamping the photovoltaic panel. The clamping part is provided with a bidirectional memory alloy spring and a composite clamping pad. The two ends of the bidirectional memory alloy spring are respectively connected to the active clamping arm and the driven clamping arm, and the composite clamping pad is fitted to the inner wall of the clamping part.

8. The photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The composite clamping pad includes a rubber damping layer, a porous elastic adsorption layer, and an anti-slip textured surface layer stacked in sequence. The rubber damping layer is connected to the inner wall of the clamping part, and the anti-slip textured surface layer is used for clamping and contacting the photovoltaic panel.

9. The photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pipeline is equipped with a main solenoid valve at the inlet end, which is connected to the outlet end of the flexible external connector. The second pipeline is equipped with a first auxiliary solenoid valve, which is used to control the on / off state of the second pipeline.

10. The photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system also includes a water circulation component, which includes a water guide and collection trough located at the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel and a return pipe connected to the water guide and collection trough. A filter and a circulation pump are installed on the return pipe. The first pipeline is equipped with a four-way sleeve, which has an interface A, an interface B, an interface C and an interface D. The interface A is connected to the water inlet of the second pipeline, the interface B is connected to the water outlet of the return pipe, the interface C is connected to the water outlet of the flexible external pipe, and the interface D is connected to the water inlet of the first pipeline.

11. The photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The spray assembly is equipped with a second auxiliary solenoid valve, which is used to control the flow of water in the spray assembly.

12. The photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism also includes an angle-adjustable elbow, one end of which is sealed to the water outlet of the second pipeline and the other end of which is sealed to the water inlet of the third pipeline. The angle-adjustable elbow is configured to adjust the spatial angle of the third pipeline.

13. The photovoltaic array agricultural-solar complementary irrigation system according to claim 12, characterized in that, The adjustable elbow is a universal ball joint, or it is composed of two connecting parts with arc-shaped grooves spliced ​​together by locking bolts.

14. A photovoltaic array-based agricultural-solar complementary irrigation method, characterized in that, The photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation method is applied to the photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system according to any one of claims 1-13. The photovoltaic array agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation system includes a control module and a sensing module. The control module is signal-connected to the sensing module. The sensing module includes an optical sensor, a soil moisture sensor, and an environmental weather station. The optical sensor is disposed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The soil moisture sensor is buried in the soil of the pasture planting area. The environmental weather station is located at the photovoltaic array site. The photovoltaic array-based agricultural photovoltaic complementary irrigation method includes the following steps: S1. Sensing Data Acquisition: The surface cleanliness data of the photovoltaic panel is collected through optical sensors, the soil moisture data of the pasture planting area is collected through soil moisture sensors, and the environmental meteorological data of the photovoltaic array site is collected through environmental meteorological stations. All data are transmitted to the control module in real time. S2. Operation mode selection: The control module compares and analyzes the collected data with preset thresholds and automatically selects the pure irrigation mode, pure cleaning mode, or combined cleaning and irrigation operation mode. S3. Operation Mode Execution: The control module controls the water flow in the irrigation mechanism and / or photovoltaic panel cleaning mechanism according to the selected operation mode to execute the corresponding operation mode.

15. The photovoltaic array-based agricultural-solar complementary irrigation method according to claim 14, characterized in that, In step S2, the triggering condition for the pure irrigation mode is: the soil moisture data collected by the soil moisture sensor is lower than the preset humidity threshold, and the environmental meteorological data collected by the environmental meteorological station shows no recent rainfall; the control module controls the main solenoid valve and the second auxiliary solenoid valve to open and the first auxiliary solenoid valve to close, and only sprays the pasture planting area through the spray assembly.

16. The photovoltaic array-based agricultural-solar complementary irrigation method according to claim 14, characterized in that, In step S2, the triggering condition for the pure cleaning mode is: the surface cleanliness data of the photovoltaic panel collected by the optical sensor exceeds the preset dirt threshold, and the light intensity data collected by the environmental meteorological station reaches the preset light threshold; the control module controls the main solenoid valve and the first auxiliary solenoid valve to open and the second auxiliary solenoid valve to close, and only the cleaning component cleans the photovoltaic panel.

17. The photovoltaic array-based agricultural-solar complementary irrigation method according to claim 14, characterized in that, In step S2, the execution steps of the combined cleaning and irrigation operation mode are as follows: The control module first opens the main solenoid valve and the first auxiliary solenoid valve, and closes the second auxiliary solenoid valve. It then cleans the photovoltaic panels through the cleaning components and prioritizes using the wastewater flowing down after cleaning the photovoltaic panels to naturally irrigate the ground pasture. The control module uses a soil moisture sensor to detect the soil moisture in real time after irrigation. If the soil moisture does not reach the preset moisture threshold, it opens the second auxiliary solenoid valve and uses the sprinkler components to supplement irrigation to the pasture planting area.

18. The photovoltaic array-based agricultural-solar complementary irrigation method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The photovoltaic array-based agricultural-solar hybrid irrigation method also includes a low-temperature antifreeze protection step: When the control module determines that there is a risk of icing on site based on the ambient temperature data collected by the environmental meteorological station, it automatically closes the first auxiliary solenoid valve and disables the cleaning function. At the same time, it controls the drainage structure of the first, second, and third pipelines to open and perform an emptying operation.

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