A helium leak source location method for salt cavern helium storage well sites

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for locating the source of helium leakage in a salt cavern helium storage well field. A rotary laser gas detection device is arranged according to the well field to monitor the helium concentration in the air. Combined with the wind direction and speed conditions of the well field, the diffusion law of helium in the well field after leakage can be analyzed, and the spatiotemporal distribution law of the three-dimensional concentration field of the leaked gas in the well field can be obtained. By calculating the cumulative value of the helium concentration detected on each laser, combined with the wind direction, a three-dimensional physical model of the well field is constructed. At the same time, the well field is divided into regions in the model and the area where the gas leakage point is located is locked in combination with the wind direction. The facilities in the locked target area are gridded and evenly distributed. Combined with the wind speed value, the diffusion law of helium in the well field after leakage at each point is simulated, and the point closest to the actual situation is screened out, which is the leakage source. Based on a rigorous theoretical model, the present invention can achieve accurate positioning of the leakage source, greatly improving the efficiency of handling leakage accidents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground energy storage, and in particular to a method for locating a helium leakage source in a salt cavern helium storage well field. Background Art

[0002] With the dramatic expansion of helium applications, particularly in the medical, industrial, and electronics sectors, global helium demand is growing at an annual rate of 4% to 6%. This has led to a chronic shortage of helium, currently in short supply. The construction of large-scale underground salt rock energy storage facilities is a crucial strategic imperative for increasing my country's helium storage capacity and ensuring the security of its supply. While helium in salt cavern helium storage is an inert gas and inherently harmless, if it leaks into the air and reduces the oxygen content to 19%, it poses a risk of asphyxiation and hypoxia. Furthermore, large-scale helium leaks can waste resources. Therefore, ensuring the safe and stable operation of salt cavern helium storage facilities is fundamental to the industrialization of this project.

[0003] Currently, widely used gas microleak monitoring equipment can be categorized into point-type and spot-shooting types based on their monitoring method. Point-type gas microleak monitoring devices use fixed alarms installed on pipelines or equipment, while spot-shooting gas microleak monitoring devices are gas detection instruments based on infrared spectroscopy. As gas concentration increases, the instrument receives a linearly varying signal that changes accordingly. Both point-type and spot-shooting gas microleak monitoring devices have limited detection ranges and cannot monitor the entire well site.

[0004] Furthermore, due to the complex layout of operating equipment at well sites, potential leak sources primarily include the wellhead, valve block area, and injection and production gas pipelines, which are widely distributed. Existing gas leak monitoring equipment can only issue an alarm for gas leaks, but its positioning is ambiguous and cannot accurately pinpoint the leak point, resulting in low monitoring efficiency and making subsequent gas leak remediation difficult to carry out in a timely and accurate manner. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention solves the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a helium leakage source locating method for a salt cavern helium storage well field.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for locating a helium leakage source in a salt cavern helium storage well field, comprising:

[0007] With the laser emitting device as the center of the circle, the laser is emitted outward along the circumferential direction;

[0008] The laser is received by laser receiving devices uniformly distributed around the periphery;

[0009] By formula Calculate the concentration of helium on the laseri , and calculate Cmax; where Area is the intensity of the laser received by the laser receiving device, P is the total gas pressure, S(T) is the line intensity of the spectral line, and L is the absorption path length;

[0010] By formula The wind speed value v after angle compensation is calculated; where ΔP is the pressure difference and θ is the rotation angle of the on-site angle sensor around the z-axis;

[0011] Combined with the above θ, the area Ai between the ray Zi with the highest helium concentration and the ray Zj on the opposite wind direction of Zi is determined to be the area where the leakage point is located;

[0012] Based on the determined area Ai and the wind speed value v after degree compensation, the diffusion law of the gas in the well site after leakage is analyzed to obtain the three-dimensional spatial and temporal distribution of the concentration field of the leaked gas in the well site;

[0013] Simplify the facilities in the well site into a symmetrical and regular surface, and use two sets of mutually perpendicular parallel planes to intersect the surface area. The two sets of planes intersect on the surface, and each intersection point is a potential leakage point. All potential leakage points are the potential leakage point set L;

[0014] Based on the spatiotemporal distribution of the three-dimensional concentration field, the helium leakage diffusion concentration field at the potential leakage point set L is simulated, and the cumulative helium concentration value C′ at the laser Zi where the highest helium concentration is detected in the concentration field is calculated. i ;

[0015] Compare C′ i C′ with the smallest difference from Cmax and Cmax i The corresponding potential leakage point is leakage point D.

[0016] Specifically, the laser emitting device is used as the center of the circle and the laser is emitted outward along the circumferential direction, including:

[0017] With the laser emitting device as the center of the circle, the laser emitting device is controlled to rotate upward or downward according to a preset period to emit laser outward.

[0018] Specifically, in the comparison C' i C′ with the smallest difference from Cmax and Cmax i The corresponding potential leakage point is leakage point D, and also includes:

[0019] Calculate the helium concentration value C' at the ray Zj on the opposite wind direction of the ray Zi with the highest helium concentration in the concentration field of the leakage point D. j ;

[0020] If C′ jIf the proportion in the air is less than 0.0005%, the output leakage point D is the leakage source.

[0021] One or more technical solutions provided in the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0022] A rotating laser gas detection device is deployed at a wellsite to monitor helium concentration in the air. Combined with the wind direction and speed conditions at the wellsite, the diffusion pattern of helium within the wellsite after a leak is analyzed, resulting in a three-dimensional spatial and temporal distribution of the leaked gas concentration within the wellsite. By calculating the cumulative helium concentration detected at each laser beam and incorporating wind direction into the model, a three-dimensional physical model of the wellsite is constructed. The model then divides the wellsite into regions and uses wind direction to pinpoint the gas leak point. Facilities within the targeted area (such as the wellhead, valve block area, and injection and production gas pipelines) are then gridded and evenly distributed. Wind speed is then used to simulate the diffusion pattern of helium within the wellsite after a leak at each point. The point that best matches the actual situation is identified as the leak source. Based on a rigorous theoretical model, this invention enables precise location of the leak source, addressing the technical limitations of traditional methods that only provide alarms and rough location, significantly improving the efficiency of leak incident response. Furthermore, the invention achieves full three-dimensional coverage of the monitoring area by rotating and raising the laser transmitter, enabling monitoring of the entire wellsite. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A flow chart of a helium leak source locating method for a salt cavern helium storage well site provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring system built based on the method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of well site area division in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A flow chart of leak source location using the monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] In the figure, 1, laser emitting device, 2-17, laser gas receiving device, 18-25, well site device (potential leakage source), 26, differential pressure sensor, 27, angle sensor, 28, controller, 29, laser control circuit, 30, laser signal collection end, 31, signal detection circuit, 32, server, 33, client. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention solve the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a helium leakage source locating method for a salt cavern helium storage well field.

[0029] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0030] The laser sensing system uses the rotation and elevation of the laser diverging end to achieve full, three-dimensional, real-time monitoring of helium concentration in the wellsite air. The wind measurement system monitors wind direction and speed data in real time. Data from both systems is transmitted to the helium diffusion simulation system, which analyzes data from the laser sensing and wind measurement systems to calculate and evaluate the helium concentration in the wellsite and determine whether it reaches the leak warning threshold. If the threshold is exceeded, the laser Zi position with the highest cumulative helium concentration is located. A three-dimensional physical model of the wellsite is constructed using a CFD simulation program. The model divides the wellsite into n areas (A1, A2, A3, ..., An). The leak point is located based on the measured wind direction data. Facilities within the area are gridded and evenly distributed to simulate the helium concentration distribution at each leak point. The leak point location system compares the concentration distribution at each leak point simulated by the helium diffusion simulation system with the actual situation and identifies the leak point with the smallest difference.

[0031] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0032] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for locating a helium leak source in a salt cavern helium storage well field, comprising:

[0033] Step S110: emitting laser light outward along a circumferential direction with the laser emitting device as the center of the circle;

[0034] To specifically describe this step, emitting laser light outward along the circumference with the laser emitting device as the center of the circle, including:

[0035] With the laser emitting device as the center of the circle, the laser emitting device is controlled to rotate upward or downward according to a preset period to emit laser outward.

[0036] Step S120: The laser light is received by laser receiving devices uniformly distributed around the periphery;

[0037] Step S130: By formula Calculate the concentration of helium on the laser i , and calculate Cmax; where Area is the intensity of the laser received by the laser receiving device, P is the total gas pressure, S(T) is the line intensity of the spectral line, and L is the absorption path length;

[0038] Step S140: By formula Calculate the wind speed value v after angle compensation; where ΔP is the pressure difference in Pa. θ is the rotation angle of the on-site angle sensor around the z-axis;

[0039] Step S150: Based on θ, determine that the area Ai between the ray Zi with the highest helium concentration and the ray Zj on the opposite wind direction of Zi is the leakage point area;

[0040] Step S160: Analyze the diffusion law of the gas in the well site after the gas leak occurs based on the determined area Ai and the wind speed value v after degree compensation, and obtain the three-dimensional spatiotemporal distribution of the concentration field of the leaked gas in the well site;

[0041] Step S170: Simplify the facilities in the well site into a symmetrical regular surface, and intersect the surface area with two sets of mutually perpendicular parallel planes. The two sets of planes intersect on the surface, and each intersection point is a potential leakage point. All potential leakage points are the potential leakage point set L;

[0042] Step S180: Based on the spatiotemporal distribution of the three-dimensional concentration field, simulate the helium leakage diffusion concentration field at the potential leakage point set L, and calculate the cumulative helium concentration value C' at the laser Zi where the highest helium concentration is detected in the concentration field i ;

[0043] This step is explained in detail. Based on the spatiotemporal distribution of the three-dimensional concentration field, the helium leakage diffusion concentration field at the potential leakage point set L is simulated, and the cumulative helium concentration value C′ at the laser Zi where the highest helium concentration is detected in the concentration field is calculated. i ,include:

[0044] The concentration field setting module in the CFD software was used to set the mass, momentum, energy, and component transport conservation equations for helium leakage and diffusion. Combined with the Realizable k-ε turbulence model, a mathematical model for helium leakage and diffusion was established. Furthermore, based on the established physical model of the wellsite, the initial and boundary conditions for the governing equations were given. Specifically, the initial conditions were as follows: Initially, the wellsite was filled with air, and the gas flow was steady. Therefore, the gas flow within the wellsite was set to the prevailing wind speed, and the initial helium concentration was set to zero. The initial temperature within the wellsite was 300K, and the initial pressure was atmospheric pressure. Boundary conditions: Velocity inlet boundary conditions were used for both the air and leaking gas inlets, with the inlet velocity set based on the actual velocity. Pressure outlet boundary conditions were used for the gas diffusion outlet, and wall boundary conditions were used for the ground at the wellsite. Internal boundary conditions were used for surfaces formed by the physical model that did not hinder gas diffusion. The CFD software selected was COMSOL Multiphysics. The helium leakage and diffusion process at the wellsite can be considered a turbulent diffusion process involving the interaction of multiple gas components, and gas diffusion must adhere to a series of basic conservation laws. COMSOL was used to simulate the concentration field after a helium leak at a specific point in the well site under the influence of specific wind speeds and directions. The basic governing equations for gas leakage and diffusion within the software module were used to generate a helium concentration cloud map within the well site after the leak, and the helium leakage diffusion concentration field at the potential leak point set L was obtained.

[0045] At this time, in the concentration field of the helium leakage simulation, the helium concentration cumulative value C′ at the position of the laser Zi is calculated by the method of step S130 i .

[0046] Step S190: Compare C′ i C′ with the smallest difference from Cmax and Cmax i The corresponding potential leakage point is leakage point D.

[0047] In order to verify the accuracy of the leak point, the C′ i C′ with the smallest difference from Cmax and Cmax i The corresponding potential leakage point is leakage point D, and also includes:

[0048] Calculate the helium concentration value C′ at the ray Zj on the opposite wind direction of the ray Zi with the highest helium concentration in the concentration field of the leakage point D. j ;

[0049] If C′ j The proportion in the air is less than 0.0005%, that is, C' j≈0, it means that the helium leakage starts from the area where point D is located, and the concentration field of point D is most consistent with the actual situation among the concentration fields of all potential leakage points in the area. The leakage point D is output as the leakage source.

[0050] See also Figure 2 The monitoring system constructed based on the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes: a laser sensing system, a wind measurement system, a helium diffusion simulation system and a leakage point positioning system; the laser sensing system can realize full three-dimensional real-time monitoring of the helium concentration in the air of the well site by rotating and lifting the laser divergent end; the wind measurement system monitors the wind direction and wind speed data of the well site in real time; the data monitored by the two are transmitted to the helium diffusion simulation system, and the helium diffusion simulation system calculates and evaluates the helium concentration value in the well site by analyzing the data obtained by the laser sensing system and the wind measurement system, and determines whether the value reaches the leakage warning value, and whether it exceeds the warning value. After the warning value is exceeded, the laser Zi position with the highest cumulative helium concentration is locked. A three-dimensional physical model of the well site is constructed using the CFD simulation program built into the client. In the model, the well site is divided into n areas (A1, A2, A3, ..., An). The area where the leakage point is located is determined based on the measured wind direction data. The facilities in the area are gridded and evenly distributed to simulate the helium concentration field distribution in the well site at each leakage point. The leakage point positioning system compares the concentration field distribution of each leakage point simulated by the helium diffusion simulation system with the actual situation, and the point with the smallest difference is determined as the leakage point.

[0051] The laser sensing system includes: a laser emitting device 1, a laser gas receiving device 2-17, a laser control circuit 29, a laser signal collection terminal 30, and a signal detection circuit 31. The laser gas receiving devices 2-17 are uniformly distributed around the outer side of the laser emitting device 1 with the laser emitting device 1 as the center, thereby dividing the entire area into arc-shaped areas Z1-Z16. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the laser control circuit 29 modulates the current to cause the laser emitting device 1 to rotate at a certain angular velocity and emit laser light. Simultaneously, the laser emitting device 1 moves up and down in multiple gears, rotating once at each height before moving to the next. The number of gears and gear heights are determined based on the actual wellsite conditions. The laser light is received by the laser gas receiving device 2-17 and aggregated to the laser signal collection terminal 30. The signal detection circuit 31 extracts the reflected laser harmonic signal.

[0052] Specifically, the laser emitting device 1 consists of a laser head and a screw jack. While the laser head emits laser light, the screw jack rotates at 30 rpm. The screw jack is configured with three height settings (high, medium, and low). With each rotation, the screw jack raises the laser head to the next height (in a reciprocating cycle of low-medium-high-medium-low), enabling full three-dimensional, real-time monitoring of the well site.

[0053] The wind measurement system includes a differential pressure sensor 26, an angle sensor 27, and a controller 28. At the start of measurement, the differential pressure sensor 26 and the angle sensor 27 collect differential pressure and angle signals, respectively. After receiving the signals from the two sensors, the controller 28 calculates the wind speed value v after adding angle compensation.

[0054] The helium diffusion simulation system includes a server 32 and a client 33. After receiving laser data from the signal detection circuit 31, the server 32 calculates the cumulative helium concentration along each laser beam. When the cumulative helium concentration along a laser beam reaches a warning threshold (typically, when the helium concentration in air reaches 5%), an alarm is issued and the ray Zi with the highest helium concentration and the concentration value Cmax measured at Zi are transmitted to the client 33. The CFD simulation program built into the client 33 constructs a three-dimensional physical model of the well site. The model divides the well site into n regions (A1, A2, A3, ..., An). The leak point is determined by wind direction derived from data measured by the angle sensor 27. All facilities within region Ai (a portion of the well site equipment 18-25) are gridded and evenly distributed to simulate the helium concentration distribution within the well site at each leak point.

[0055] The leakage point location system includes: client 33. Client 33 compares the concentration field distribution of each leakage point simulated by the helium diffusion simulation system with the actual situation, and determines the point with the smallest difference as the leakage source D.

[0056] See also Figure 4 The steps for using the monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the present invention to monitor the well site in real time and promptly determine the location of the leak when helium leaks are as follows:

[0057] (1) Helium micro-leakage monitoring and concentration calculation

[0058] The infrared laser emitted by the laser emitting device 1 is received by the laser receiving device 2-17. The laser signal is then received by the laser receiving device 2-17. The gas concentration is determined by measuring the infrared absorption characteristics of the gas. Different wavelengths are selected based on the unique absorption peak of helium to ensure that there is no interference from other types of gases. When the laser passes through the target gas, the light intensity is absorbed. The relationship between the intensity of the absorbed light energy and the integral of the target gas concentration conforms to the Lambert-Beer law:

[0059]

[0060] Where, I t is the laser intensity after passing through the measured gas; I0 is the reference intensity of the laser, mW; S(T) is the line intensity of the spectral line, which is only related to temperature and its unit is cm -2 MPa -1; P is the total gas pressure, its unit is MPa; L is the absorption path length, its unit is cm; Ci is the unit gas volume concentration; φ(v) is a linear function of the measured absorption light shape, which is related to temperature, pressure, gas type and the content of each component therein.

[0061] Among them, the unit gas volume concentration Ci can be expressed as:

[0062]

[0063] Because the integral of the linear function φ(v) in the entire frequency domain is 1, that is:

[0064]

[0065] Therefore, a tunable laser can be used to scan the entire absorption spectrum to eliminate the influence of the line shape on the measurement results.

[0066]

[0067] Where Area is the actual absorption value. When the total pressure, spectral line intensity, laser absorption distance, and transmittance integral are known, substituting Area into Equation (4) yields the measured helium concentration Ci on the laser and Cmax.

[0068] Cmax=max{Ci} (5)

[0069] (2) Wind speed and direction monitoring

[0070] ① Wind speed calculation

[0071] The pressure sensor 26 is an S-shaped pitot tube. When the wind is blowing in the right direction, the measurement result is positive; when the wind is blowing in the opposite direction, the measurement result is negative. Therefore, the positive or negative output value of the differential pressure sensor 26 can be used to determine the current wind direction.

[0072] From the Bernoulli equation, we know that if the density of the measured medium is ρ, then the following relationship exists:

[0073]

[0074] Where v is the flow rate of the measured medium, in m / s; P is the static pressure of the fluid, in Pa; P0 is the total fluid pressure, in Pa; ρ is the density of the fluid, in kg / m 3 .

[0075] Formula (6) can be transformed into:

[0076]

[0077] Therefore, v is as shown in formula (7):

[0078]

[0079] The pressure-taking device of differential pressure sensor 26 incorporates an S-shaped pitot tube, which is welded from two identical metal tubes. The probe has two parallel, oppositely oriented cutouts. The cutout facing the incoming airflow is the total pressure port, while the cutout facing away from the incoming airflow is the static pressure port. These two cutouts are connected to differential pressure sensor 26, and the airflow passing through them measures the fluid pressure P0 and the static pressure P. Here, ΔP is the pressure difference in Pa; ρ is the air density in kg / m². 3 At the same time, the air density (kg / m 3 )for:

[0080]

[0081] Where p is the absolute pressure in MPa; T is the thermodynamic temperature in K; ρ0 is the air density at standard atmospheric pressure, which is 1.185 kg / m 3 .

[0082] From formula (8), we can get that under standard atmospheric pressure, the relationship between wind speed and differential pressure is:

[0083] v 2 =1.3ΔP (10)

[0084]

[0085] ② Wind direction monitoring and angle compensation calculation

[0086] Due to the limitations of the well site environment and the installation location of the wind measurement system, it is difficult for the air inlet of the wind speed sensor to always be consistent with the wind flow direction. It may even happen that the air inlet is perpendicular to the wind direction, resulting in inaccurate wind speed measurement or no wind speed measurement. Therefore, two differential pressure sensors 26 are set perpendicular to each other, and each differential pressure sensor is equipped with an angle sensor 27 with a range of -180° to 180°. The working principle of the angle sensor 27 is to fuse the angle measured by the acceleration sensor with the angle measured by the gyroscope to finally obtain the optimal angle data. The rotation along the x-axis is called the roll angle, the rotation along the y-axis is called the heading angle, and the rotation along the z-axis is called the pitch angle. When in use, the sensor usually rotates around the z-axis. Assuming that the sensor rotates θ around the z-axis, then according to formula (11), the compensated wind speed value is:

[0087]

[0088] The wind speed values v1 and v2 measured by the two sensors after adding angle compensation are transmitted to the client 33 and then v=max{v1, v2}

[0089] (3) Regional division and target area locking

[0090] A three-dimensional physical model of the well site is constructed through the CFD simulation program built into the client 33 and the well site is divided into n areas (for example, the area between Z1 and Z2 is set to A1, and so on, to An areas). Combined with the measured wind direction data, the area Ai between the ray Zi with the highest helium concentration and the ray Zj on the opposite side of Zi is determined to be the area where the leakage point is located.

[0091] (4) Helium diffusion simulation

[0092] Based on the locked target area Ai and the wind speed value after angle compensation, the diffusion law of gas in the well site after leakage is analyzed, and the three-dimensional spatial and temporal distribution of the leaked gas concentration field in the well site is obtained through the CFD simulation program.

[0093] (5) Leak point location

[0094] ①Surface discretization and point distribution method

[0095] The facilities in the target area (wellheads, valve group areas, and injection and production gas pipelines, etc.) are simplified into symmetrical and regular surfaces such as spheres, cylinders, cones, and rotation surfaces. Two sets of mutually perpendicular parallel planes are used to intersect the surface area (each set of plane data is determined according to the required accuracy, and one set of planes is perpendicular to the generatrix). The two sets of planes intersect on the surface, and each intersection point is a potential leakage point. All potential leakage points are the set L.

[0096] ②Location of leak source

[0097] Use CFD software to simulate the helium leakage diffusion concentration field at each point on the suspected leakage source, and calculate the cumulative helium concentration value C' at the laser Zi where the highest helium concentration is detected in the field. i , compared with C′ i When the difference between the two is the smallest, the point is judged to be the leakage source D. At the same time, in order to verify the accuracy of the positioning result, the helium concentration value C′ at the ray Zj on the opposite side of the ray Zi with the highest helium concentration in the concentration field of the leakage source D is calculated. j When C′ j When ≈0, the leakage source D is output.

[0098]

[0099] The embodiments of the present invention fully consider the distribution characteristics of potential leakage sources within the helium storage well site and the impact of wind direction and speed on gas leakage and diffusion, achieving full three-dimensional spatial coverage of the helium storage well site and precise positioning of leakage sources, thereby providing an optimal solution for leakage monitoring in salt cavern helium storage and ensuring the long-term safe and efficient operation of salt cavern helium storage.

[0100] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0101] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for locating a helium leak source at a salt cavern helium storage well site, characterized in that: include: With the laser emitting device as the center of the circle, the laser is emitted outward along the circumferential direction; The laser is received by laser receiving devices uniformly distributed around the periphery; By formula Calculate the concentration of helium on the laser i , and calculate Cmax; where I t is the laser intensity after passing through the measured gas, I0 is the reference intensity of the laser, Cmax is the maximum concentration of helium on the laser, Area is the intensity of the laser output by the laser receiving device, P is the total gas pressure, S(T) is the line intensity of the spectral line, and L is the absorption path length; By formula The wind speed value v after angle compensation is calculated; where ΔP is the pressure difference between the total fluid pressure and the fluid static pressure, and θ is the angle of rotation of the on-site angle sensor around the z-axis; Combined with the above θ, the area Ai between the ray Zi with the highest helium concentration and the ray Zj adjacent to the ray Zi and located in the upwind direction of Zi is determined to be the area where the leakage point is located; Based on the determined area Ai and the wind speed value v after degree compensation, the diffusion law of the gas in the well site after leakage is analyzed to obtain the three-dimensional spatial and temporal distribution of the concentration field of the leaked gas in the well site; Simplify the facilities in the well site into a symmetrical and regular surface, and use two sets of mutually perpendicular parallel planes to intersect the surface area. The two sets of planes intersect on the surface, and each intersection point is a potential leakage point. All potential leakage points are the potential leakage point set L; Based on the spatiotemporal distribution of the three-dimensional concentration field, the helium leakage diffusion concentration field at the potential leakage point set L is simulated, and the cumulative helium concentration value C′ at the laser Zi where the highest helium concentration is detected in the concentration field is calculated. i ; Compare C′ i C′ with the smallest difference from Cmax and Cmax i The corresponding potential leakage point is leakage point D.

2. The method for locating a helium leak source at a salt cavern helium storage well site according to claim 1, wherein: The laser emitting device is used as the center of the circle and the laser is emitted outward along the circumferential direction, including: With the laser emitting device as the center of the circle, the laser emitting device is controlled to rotate upward or downward according to a preset period to emit laser outward.

3. The helium leakage source locating method for a salt cavern helium storage well site according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the comparison C' i C′ with the smallest difference from Cmax and Cmax i The corresponding potential leakage point is leakage point D, and also includes: Calculate the helium concentration value C' at the ray Zj on the opposite wind direction of the ray Zi with the highest helium concentration in the concentration field of the leakage point D. j ; If C′ j If the proportion in the air is less than 0.0005%, the output leakage point D is the leakage source.

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