A low-cost phase shifter and 5G Massive-MIMO antenna

Abstract

The present application discloses a low-cost phase shifter and a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna, wherein the phase shifter comprises: a lower cover plate, an upper cover plate is arranged on the lower cover plate, the sliding plate is slidably connected between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, a U-shaped strip line is arranged on the sliding plate through a mounting device, and a plurality of feed plates are arranged on the upper cover plate, and the feed plates are connected to the U-shaped strip line. By using the above-mentioned device, a physical length variable phase shifter in the form of an equivalent air strip line is formed, wherein the equivalent air strip line is composed of an incompletely enclosed metal cavity and an independent U-shaped strip line formed by mutual conduction between the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the sliding plate, and the structure is simpler and the cost of parts is lower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of phase shifters, and in particular to a low-cost phase shifter and a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the 5G era, operators have gradually expanded the layout of 5G base stations. In view of the contradiction between the coverage capability, power consumption, cost, and number of channels of 5G base stations, the market has put forward new requirements for the economy of the beamforming function of 5G Massive-MIMO base station antennas.

[0003] The base station antenna mainly relies on its phase shifter module to achieve beam scanning; the phase shifter modules involved can be divided into digital phase shifter and analog phase shifter. The former relies on several T / R (T is TXD, which is the abbreviation of Transmit (tx) Data, R is RXD, which is the abbreviation of Receive (rx) Data) components to work under the software control of the main device, and the latter can be divided into dielectric phase shifter (equivalent dielectric constant change type) and physical length variable phase shifter (electrical path length change type), which relies on mechanical movement to change the phase of the transmission line.

[0004] During the operation of existing base station antennas, the inventors have found that there are at least the following problems: 1. The T / R component of the digital phase shifter uses the two different switching states of the PIN diode when it is forward biased and reverse biased to connect or disconnect a section of the transmission line to achieve phase shifting. The phase shift amount is discontinuous, and its phase shift accuracy is positively correlated with the number of transmission channels, power consumption, and cost, and the cost is relatively high. 2. The dielectric phase shifter mostly continues the traditional 4G design, and uses a large number of components such as cavities, dielectric plates, and mechanical transmissions, involving molds, electroplating, and assembly. The cost is relatively high. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a low-cost phase shifter and a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna to solve the problems of low phase shift accuracy, high cost, and high power consumption of existing digital phase shifters, as well as the problems of high cost and complex assembly of dielectric phase shifters.

[0006] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a low-cost phase shifter, comprising: a lower cover plate, an upper cover plate is provided on the lower cover plate, a sliding plate is provided on the lower cover plate, the sliding plate is slidably connected between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, a U-shaped strip line is provided on the sliding plate through an installation device, a plurality of feeding plates are provided on the upper cover plate, and the feeding plates are conductively connected to the U-shaped strip line.

[0007] In a specific possible implementation scheme, the U-shaped belt line is connected to the sliding plate through a clamping member, and the clamping member includes a first clamp and a second clamp arranged on the sliding plate, and the first clamp and the second clamp are arranged opposite to each other.

[0008] In a specific possible implementation scheme, the upper cover plate is provided with a compression rivet for fixing the upper cover plate, the compression rivet comprises a riveting structure and an embedding structure, the embedding structure is embedded in the upper cover plate, and the riveting structure fixes the upper cover plate to the lower cover plate by plastic deformation.

[0009] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna, comprising an antenna module, a phase shifting module and a calibration module, characterized in that the phase shifting module comprises the phase shifter described in the first aspect and a RET device for driving the sliding plate to move, the RET device is arranged on the lower cover plate, the antenna module and the calibration module are respectively arranged at two ends of the phase shifter module, the antenna module comprises an antenna cover, a sealing groove is provided on the outer edge of the antenna cover, the phase shifter module and the calibration module are located in the antenna cover, and a sealing member for waterproofing is provided on the antenna cover.

[0010] In a specific feasible implementation scheme, a plurality of metal radiating plates are provided on the end face of the antenna module facing the antenna cover, and a plurality of feeding networks are provided on the outside of the antenna module. The feeding network includes a pair of feeding structures, a pair of 1-input and 3-output power distribution stripline structures and three patch structures. The patch structure is aligned with the center of the metal radiating plate, and isolation strips are equidistantly provided on the outside of the feeding network. The feeding network and the metal radiating plate are respectively fixed to the inside of the antenna cover by fastening structures and clamp structures. A slot structure is opened in the antenna cover, and the isolation strips are interference fit in the slot structure.

[0011] In a specific feasible implementation scheme, the cross-section of the clamp structure is set as a regular hexagonal interface, the geometric centers of the regular hexagon of the inner cross-section of the clamp structure and the regular hexagon of the outer cross-section are arranged to coincide, an outer cylindrical step is arranged on the top of the clamp structure, a regular hexagonal hole matching the outer cross-section of the clamp structure is opened in the center of the metal radiation sheet, a circular hole matching the outer cylindrical step of the clamp structure is opened in the center of the patch structure of the feeding network, and the clamp structure is also provided with plastic rivets for fixing the feeding network and the metal radiation sheet.

[0012] In a specific implementation scheme, the calibration module includes a calibration network board, which includes an equal power division circuit structure and a coupling circuit structure. The calibration network board is provided with a shielding cover, a connector and a feed plate of the calibration module, and the connector includes a calibration port connector and a T / R port connector.

[0013] In a specific implementation scheme, a filter is provided between the T / R port connector and the coupling circuit structure.

[0014] The advantages of the phase shifter and antenna of the present invention over the existing ones are: simpler structure and lower parts cost; the upper cover plate, lower cover plate, sliding plate, U-shaped strip line and feeding plate of the phase shifter module are metal sheet metal parts, and the processing cost and mold cost are low; the antenna of the antenna module is directly used as the assembly carrier of the antenna module, which reduces the antenna bracket material and reduces the material and assembly cost; the calibration network of the calibration module is an ordinary double-sided board with a surface-mounted sheet metal shielding cover, which replaces the traditional 4-layer board strip line calibration network, further reducing the cost; in summary, the phase shifter and antenna provided by the present invention have lower parts, molds and assembly costs; and are more adaptable to the market's economic requirements for the beamforming function of 5G Massive-MIMO base station antennas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a low-cost phase shifter of the present application.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a low-cost phase shifter of the present application.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a low-cost phase shifter of the present application.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another direction of a low-cost phase shifter of the present application.

[0020] Figure 5 It is an exploded schematic diagram of a low-cost phase shifter of the present application.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of two parts of a compression riveted component in an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna in this application.

[0023] Figure 8 This is an exploded schematic diagram of an embodiment of a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna of the present application.

[0024] Fig. 9This is a structural schematic diagram of a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna module of the present application.

[0025] Fig.10 This is an exploded schematic diagram of a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna used in the present application to illustrate an antenna module.

[0026] Fig.11 This is a structural schematic diagram of a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna used in the present application to embody an antenna module.

[0027] Fig.12 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna used in the present application to illustrate the clamp structure.

[0028] Fig.13 This is a structural diagram of a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna used in the present application to reflect the feeding network.

[0029] Fig.14 This is a structural schematic diagram of a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna used in the present application to embody the material strip processing.

[0030] Fig.15 This is a structural schematic diagram of a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna used in the present application to embody a calibration module feed plate.

[0031] Fig.16 This is a structural schematic diagram of a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna used in the present application to embody an optimized U-shaped strip line.

[0032] Fig.17 This is a structural diagram of a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna used in the present application to embody a calibration module.

[0033] Fig.18 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna of the present application, which is used to embody an equal power division circuit structure and a coupling circuit structure.

[0034] Fig.19 This is a structural schematic diagram of a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna used in the present application to embody a filter.

[0035] Fig. 20 This is a general schematic diagram of a 5G Massive-MIMO antenna used in the present application to embody a calibration module.

[0036] Reference numerals: 1. antenna module; 2. phase shifter module; 3. calibration module;

[0037] 11. Radome; 12. Feed network; 13. Metal radiator; 14. Isolation strip; 15. Plastic rivet; 16. Isolation strip;

[0038] 21. Upper cover plate; 22. Lower cover plate; 23. Sliding plate; 24. U-shaped strip line; 25. First buckle; 26. Second buckle; 27. Feed plate; 28. Rivet; 29. ​​RET device;

[0039] 31. Calibration network board; 32. Shielding cover; 33. Connector; 34. Feed sheet of calibration module; 35. Filter;

[0040] 111. Fastening structure; 112. Slot structure; 113. Clamp structure; 121. Feeding structure; 122. Power distribution strip line structure; 123. Patch structure; 129. Continuous material processing strip; 1291. Continuous material point;

[0041] 241. Optimized U-shaped strip line; 271. Feeding plate in the calibration direction; 272. Feeding plate in the antenna module direction; 281. General pressure rivet; 282. Nut column pressure rivet; 2301. Friction reduction structure; 2801. Riveting structure; 2802. Embedded structure; 2803. Nut column structure;

[0042] 311. equal-two power division circuit structure; 312. coupling circuit structure; 331. calibration port connector; 332. T / R port connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will describe the embodiments of the scheme of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is specially noted that the embodiments described herein only represent one or more implementation methods of the scheme, not all embodiments; other persons in the art can obtain more embodiments based on these embodiments without creative work, which are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In the description of this article, the term "electrical conductivity" means the path of a high-frequency radio frequency circuit achieved through direct or indirect welding, elastic contacts, gap coupling, etc. The term "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, which can be an integrated manufacturing, a detachable installation, or a mechanical connection of local movable parts; "longitudinal", "transverse" and "normal" are only temporary definitions to indicate direction and can be replaced by other definitions.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in one embodiment of the low-cost phase shifter provided by the present invention, the lower cover plate 22 serves as a bearing body, which is usually a flat rectangular metal plate reinforced on all sides, and a plurality of round holes or square holes are arranged on its large surface for use as wire holes, conduction holes, fixing holes, rivet holes, etc.; the rectangular long side direction of the lower cover plate 22 is temporarily defined as the longitudinal direction, the short side is temporarily defined as the transverse direction, and the vertical direction of the large surface is temporarily defined as the normal direction; the upper cover plate 21 is fixed to the lower cover plate 22 by rivets 28, and the two-dimensional geometric cross-section of the upper cover plate 21 in the longitudinal direction is a regular "J" shape, and the "J" shape extends along the transverse array; the rivets 28 are equidistantly arranged on the upper cover plate The sliding plate 23 is embedded in the "J"-shaped groove of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22. Under the restriction of the slot position of the longitudinal end face of the lower cover plate 22, the sliding plate 23 can only slide in the longitudinal direction, while the lateral and normal translational freedom and the rotational freedom in three directions are restricted; the RET device 29 is arranged on one side of the longitudinal direction of the sliding plate 23 and fixed to the lower cover plate 22. The RET device 29 drives the sliding plate 23 to move back and forth in the longitudinal direction; usually, the RET device 29 includes a DC reduction rotor motor, a control circuit, an SBT, a housing, and electrical components and mechanical mechanisms such as gear racks or screw sliders. Preferably, the upper cover plate 21, the lower cover plate 22, and the sliding plate 23 are processed by sheet metal bending, rolling and other processing processes, which can greatly reduce the mold and material costs of the three major materials; further, the RET device 29 can use a gear rack mechanism to transmit mechanical motion to the sliding plate 23, so that the rack can be stamped integrally on the sliding plate 23, which can further save materials and reduce costs. Optionally, the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 can be integrated into one by extrusion and then CNC processing technology, and the rivet 28 is omitted, which can reduce materials and reduce costs to a certain extent, and can also improve the dimensional accuracy of the equivalent cavity.

[0046] like Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, inside the incompletely enclosed space formed by the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22, the U-shaped strip line 24 is fixed on the sliding plate 23 by the first buckle 25 and the second buckle 26, and the two feed plates 27 are respectively connected to the long arms on both sides of the U-shaped strip line 24, and the relative position of the feed plate 27 and the upper and lower cover plates 21 and 22 is fixed. When the RET device 29 drives the sliding plate 23 to move back and forth in the longitudinal direction, the length of the electrical path between the two feed plates 27 changes, so that the phase between the two feed plates 27 changes. The first buckle 25 and the second buckle 26 are insulating plastic parts, which fix the U-shaped strip line 24 through elastic buckles, and can also fix themselves on the bent edge of the sliding plate 23 through elastic buckles; the U-shaped strip line 24 and the feed plate 27 are metal parts, and a serrated notch is set at the end of the U-shaped strip line 24. It is particularly noted that the first clip 25 only serves as an insulating fixing member, while the second clip 26, in addition to its insulating fixing function, is located at the end of the open-circuit branch of the entire electrical path and can also tune the matching phase of the entire circuit by cooperating with the serrated notch at the end of the U-shaped strip line 24.

[0047] Preferably, the feed sheet 27 adopts a metal partial PTFE coating process, utilizing the wear resistance and insulation of the PTFE coating to achieve circuit coupling and conduction when in contact and sliding with the U-shaped strip line 24, thereby avoiding the impact of uneven adhesion force during direct contact on performance.

[0048] In the embodiment of the phase shifter provided by the present invention, two feed plates 27 are respectively connected to the long arms on both sides of the U-shaped strip line 24, and the "J"-shaped inner cavity of the upper cover plate 21, the lower cover plate 22, and the bent edge of the sliding plate 23 form an incompletely closed metal grounding cavity, forming a T / R circuit equivalent to an air strip line, that is, the minimum phase shifter unit of the phase shifter array of the present invention. Generally, the feed plate 27 extends into the equivalent cavity through the holes on the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 in different directions in the normal direction, and does not contact the upper cover plate 21, the lower cover plate 22, and the sliding plate 23; according to the embodiment of the 5G massive MIMO antenna provided by the present invention, it can be divided into a feed plate 271 in the direction of the calibration module and a feed plate 272 in the direction of the antenna module. When the embodiment of the phase shifter provided by the present invention is arrayed, the "U"-shaped openings of the U-shaped strip lines 24 adjacent in the longitudinal direction are arranged in opposite directions, generally 4 T / R circuits in the longitudinal direction, two positive and two negative are arranged at intervals; in the transverse direction, they are arranged in pairs in the same direction, corresponding to the two polarizations of +45° and -45° of the directional antenna, generally 8 pairs of polarizations in the transverse direction; that is, the embodiment of the phase shifter array provided by the present invention is (4×8×2=) 64 T / R circuits. In practice, when the length of the electrical path of 8 pairs of T / R circuits in a row (transversely) is shortened under the drive of the RET device 29, its phase is advanced; while the electrical path of 8 pairs of T / R circuits in an adjacent row will be lengthened, and its phase will lag; in this way, the electrical downtilt angle of the antenna module is adjusted to achieve the spatial shaping of the antenna radiation waveform.

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown, the used rivet 28 can be derived into a rivet 282 with a nut column, and the nut column 2803 on it is used to assemble and fix the phase shifter module with other modules. In the rivet 28, the riveting structure 2801 fixes the matching part (such as the upper and lower cover plates 21 and 22) through plastic deformation, and the embedded structure 2802 is embedded in the surface of the matching part, causing the latter to partially plastically deform and play a role in preventing loosening.

[0050] like Figure 7As shown, the 5G massive MIMO antenna provided by the present invention includes an antenna module 1, a phase shifter module 2, and a calibration module 3. The antenna module 1 is provided with 96 radiating units, using two polarizations of +45° and -45°, so it can be called 192 units, and every 3 units are combined into a T / R port through a power division and combination circuit, with a total of 64 T / R ports; the phase shifter module 2 includes the array of 64 T / R circuits (phase shifter units) and the RET device 29 mentioned above; the calibration module 3 is provided with 64 T / R ports and 2 calibration ports through coupling and power division circuits. The 64 T / R ports of the antenna module, the 64 T / R circuits of the phase shifter module, and the 64 T / R ports of the calibration module correspond one to one.

[0051] like Figure 8 As shown, in an embodiment of the 5G massive MIMO antenna provided by the present invention, the antenna module 1 and the calibration module 3 are respectively arranged on both sides of the phase shifter module, and the antenna cover 11 of the antenna module 1 has sufficient depth to wrap the above three modules upside down to play an overall protective role, and a sealing groove can be provided on the outer edge of the antenna cover 11; because this embodiment is all in the antenna cover 11, there is no additional transfer assembly part, and with the waterproof glue or sealing strip 16, it has excellent outdoor waterproof effect after being assembled with the back-end equipment.

[0052] like Figure 9-11 As shown, for an embodiment of the antenna module 1 , 96 metal radiation plates 13 are arranged in a longitudinal direction (12×) and a transverse direction (8×), respectively, near the inner surface of the top of the antenna cover 11 . The outer side is provided with 4× longitudinal and 8× transverse metal stripline feed networks 12, a total of 32. Each feed network 12 can be subdivided into a pair of feed structures 121, a pair of 1-in 3-out power distribution stripline structures 122, and 3 patch structures 123; a total of 96 patch structures 123 are aligned with the 96 radiation plates 13 in the middle, and there is a certain height difference in the normal direction. This patch plus parasitic antenna form is conducive to expanding the bandwidth under limited size; each row of 8 transverse feed networks 12 has exactly the same characteristics, and each column of 4 longitudinal feed networks 12 is preferably set into 4 structural forms, changing the power distribution stripline structure 122, so that the 4 pairs of feed structures 121 in each column in the longitudinal direction are centered and gathered in the longitudinal direction, which is conducive to reducing the size of the phase shifter module 2 and the calibration module 2; the feed structure 121 here is equivalent to the feed plate 272 in the antenna module direction of the phase shifter array embodiment described above. Isolation strips 14 are equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the feed network 12. The radiation plate 13, the feeding network 12 and the isolation strip 14 of the antenna module are installed in sequence inverted inside the antenna cover 11; the feeding network 12 and the radiation plate 13 are fixed by the fastening structure 111 and the clamp structure 113 inside the antenna cover 11, and the isolation strip 14 is fixed by the interference fit of the slot structure 112 inside the antenna cover 11.

[0053] like Fig.12 As shown, each clamp structure 113 of the antenna cover 11 described above is non-circular columnar in the normal direction, preferably a regular hexagonal cross-section, the geometric center of the regular hexagon of the inner cross-section coincides with the geometric center of the regular hexagon of the outer cross-section, and is rotated 30°. A regular octagonal cross-section can also be selected, the geometric center of the regular octagon of the inner cross-section coincides with the geometric center of the regular octagon of the outer cross-section, and is rotated 22.5°. An outer cylindrical step is set at the top of the non-circular column; and a regular hexagonal hole with a size slightly larger than the above-mentioned outer cross-section is provided in the center of the radiation plate 13, and the patch of the feed network 12 The center of the structure 123 is provided with a circular hole slightly larger than the outer cylindrical step; the diameter of the circular cross-section plastic rivet 15 is between the inscribed circle and the circumscribed circle of the inner cross-section regular hexagon of the clamp structure 113; the purpose of this structural setting is that when the plastic rivet 15 is inserted into the clamp structure 113 of the antenna cover 11 by external force, the clamp structure 113 undergoes plastic deformation, and the angle difference between the inner and outer cross-sections due to the regular hexagon is more conducive to plastic deformation of the thin wall without fracture, and the feeding network 12 and the radiation sheet 13 are fixed from the inside to the outside. Several clamp structures 113 and slot structures 112 can be integrally formed in the antenna cover and evenly distributed in an array, without the need for additional assembly parts, reducing the number of materials, reducing the material assembly process, and reducing the cost of the antenna module.

[0054] like Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the feed network 12 can be formed by integral sheet metal continuous material stamping; after the feed strip line is made on the entire plane, the material is not completely punched and blanked, and the continuous material processing strip 129 is retained; the feed structure 121 is then bent, and at this time only the feed structure 121 is higher than the sheet metal plane, and the feed structure 121 can be hoisted as a whole to make a local insulation coating for the feed structure 121; then the whole is installed in the antenna cover 11, and fixed by the above-mentioned clamp 113 and plastic rivet 15; finally, the connecting points 1291 are cut off one by one, and the strip 129 is removed. In this feed point network embodiment, 32 feed network parts are processed and assembled as a whole as one part, which greatly reduces the number of parts and further reduces the inventory, assembly, and mold costs.

[0055] like Fig.15 As shown, for any column of two pairs of positive and negative 45-degree polarization four T / R circuits, the T / R port of the antenna module 1 can be connected with the T / R circuit of the phase shifter module 2. Because the U-shaped strip line 24 is arranged in reverse, when the entire U-shaped strip line 24 moves in a certain direction, the radiation phase of the three patch structures 123 of a certain feeding network 12 at the antenna end will be advanced, while the radiation phase of the three patch structures 123 of another feeding network 12 will be delayed; and vice versa. This type of physical length variable phase shifter can achieve a large angle of antenna electrical downtilt within a relatively short stroke of mechanical movement.

[0056] like Fig.16 As shown, optionally, in another phase shifter array embodiment, when the phase shifter module 2 can reduce the number of T / R channels, an optimized U-shaped strip line 241 can be used, the number of feeding plates 271 in the calibration direction is reduced by half while the number of feeding plates 121 in the antenna direction remains unchanged, and the original four T / R circuits are integrated into two T / R circuits with two power division circuits; when the U-shaped strip line 241 moves in a certain direction, the opposite effect of phase advance or lag of the two feeding networks 12 can also be achieved.

[0057] like Fig.17 and Fig.18 As shown, for an embodiment of the calibration module 3, 32 shielding covers 32, 66 connectors 33 and 64 feeding plates 34 are arranged on a calibration network board 31. The calibration network board 31 is a double-sided copper-clad board, one side of which is provided with a microstrip circuit, which can be subdivided into an equal power division circuit structure 311 and a coupling circuit structure 312, and the other side is provided as a whole-surface grounding layer, and at the pads where the shielding cover 32 needs to be surface-mounted, there are several PTHs (Plating Through Hole) connected to the side provided with the microstrip circuit. The connector 33 can be divided into a calibration port connector 331 and a T / R port connector 332 according to the function, so the 66 connectors 33 are divided into 64 T / R ports and 2 calibration ports, and each calibration port can calibrate the 33 T / R ports close to it; in particular, an equal power division circuit structure 311 can be added to connect the two calibration ports on the calibration network board 31, and the two calibration ports can be combined into one, so that one calibration port can calibrate 64 T / R ports. The feed plate 34 is equivalent to the feed plate 271 in the calibration module direction in the embodiment of the phase shifter array described above.

[0058] like Fig.19 As shown, for another embodiment of the calibration module 3, on the basis of the above embodiment, a line can be set between each T / R port connector and the coupling circuit structure 312 and a filter 35 can be arranged, that is, 64 filters 35 are added to 64 T / R ports to achieve filtering and noise reduction of the T / R channel.

[0059] like Fig. 20 As shown, preferably, the shielding cover 32 can be formed by welding sheet metal stamping, and tin holes are set on the welding feet to increase SMT reliability and reduce the cost of the entire calibration module. When the shielding cover 32 is surface-mounted on the pads around the coupling circuit structure 312 on the calibration network board 31, the local microstrip circuit of the coupling circuit is equivalent to a strip line with a dielectric on one side and air on the other side. Compared with the traditional calibration network implemented with a multi-layer board, the cost advantage is great.

[0060] In this specification, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. In particular, for the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the device embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description in the device embodiment.

[0061] The present application is described in detail above in conjunction with specific implementation methods and exemplary examples, but these descriptions cannot be understood as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art understand that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, a variety of equivalent replacements, modifications or improvements can be made to the technical solution of the present application and its implementation methods, all of which fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A low-cost phase shifter, characterized in that: The low-cost phase shifter comprises: a lower cover plate (22), an upper cover plate (21) is provided on the lower cover plate (22), a rivet (28) for fixing the upper cover plate (21) is provided on the upper cover plate (21), the rivet (28) comprises a riveting structure (2801) and an embedding structure (2802), the embedding structure (2802) is embedded in the upper cover plate (21), and the rivet structure (2801) fixes the upper cover plate (21) to the lower cover plate (22) by plastic deformation; the long side direction of the rectangle of the lower cover plate (22) is defined as the longitudinal direction, the short side is defined as the transverse direction, and the vertical direction of the large surface is defined as the normal direction; the two-dimensional geometric cross section of the upper cover plate (21) in the longitudinal direction is a regular "J" shape, and the "J" shape extends along the transverse array; the rivets (28) are equidistantly arranged in the "J"-shaped groove of the upper cover plate (21); A sliding plate (23) is provided on the lower cover plate (22), and the sliding plate (23) is slidably connected between the upper cover plate (21) and the lower cover plate (22). A U-shaped strip line (24) is provided on the sliding plate (23) via a mounting device. A plurality of feed plates (27) are provided on the upper cover plate (21), and the feed plates (27) are conductively connected to the U-shaped strip line (24).

2. The low-cost phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that The U-shaped belt line (24) is connected to the sliding plate (23) via a snap-fitting piece, wherein the snap-fitting piece comprises a first snap-fitting piece (25) and a second snap-fitting piece (26) arranged on the sliding plate (23), wherein the first snap-fitting piece (25) and the second snap-fitting piece (26) are arranged opposite to each other.

3. A 5G Massive-MIMO antenna, comprising an antenna module (1), a phase shifter module (2) and a calibration module (3), characterized in that: The phase shifter module comprises the phase shifter according to claim 1 or 2 and a RET device (29) for driving the sliding plate (23) to move, the RET device (29) being arranged on the lower cover (22), the antenna module (1) and the calibration module (3) being arranged at both ends of the phase shifter module (2), the antenna module (1) comprising a radome (11), a sealing groove being provided on the outer edge of the radome (11), the phase shifter module (2) and the calibration module (3) being located inside the radome (11), and a sealing member for waterproofing being provided on the radome (11); The antenna module (1) is provided with a plurality of metal radiation sheets (13) on the end surface facing the antenna cover (11), and a plurality of feed networks (12) are provided on the outside of the antenna module (1). The feed network (12) includes a pair of feed structures (121), a pair of 1-input 3-output power distribution strip line structures (122), and three patch structures (123). The patch structures (123) are aligned with the center of the metal radiation sheets (13). Isolation strips (14) are equidistantly provided on the outside of the feed network (12). The feed network (12) and the metal radiation sheets (13) are fixed inside the antenna cover (11) by a fastening structure (111) and a clamp structure (113), respectively. A slot structure (112) is provided inside the antenna cover (11), and the isolation strips (14) are interference-fitted in the slot structure (112).

4. The 5G Massive-MIMO antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the clamp structure (113) is set as a regular hexagonal interface, the geometric centers of the regular hexagon of the inner cross section and the regular hexagon of the outer cross section of the clamp structure (113) are arranged to coincide, an outer cylindrical step is arranged on the top of the clamp structure (113), a regular hexagonal hole matching the outer cross section of the clamp structure (113) is provided at the center of the metal radiation sheet (13), a circular hole matching the outer cylindrical step of the clamp structure (113) is provided at the center of the patch structure (123) of the feed network (12), and a plastic rivet (15) for fixing the feed network (12) and the metal radiation sheet (13) is also provided on the clamp structure (113).

5. The 5G Massive-MIMO antenna according to claim 3, wherein: The calibration module (3) comprises a calibration network board (31), the calibration network board (31) comprising an equal power division circuit structure (311) and a coupling circuit structure (312), the calibration network board (31) being provided with a shielding cover (32), a connector (33) and a feed plate (27) of the calibration module (3), the connector (33) comprising a calibration port connector (331) and a T / R port connector (332).

6. The 5G Massive-MIMO antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: A filter (35) is provided between the T / R port connector (332) and the coupling circuit structure (312).

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