A broadband medium resonant antenna applied to 5G communication

Abstract

This invention discloses a broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication, comprising a substrate assembly and a dielectric resonator. The substrate assembly includes a dielectric substrate with a top ground layer on its top surface. A coupling slot and the dielectric resonator are located on the top ground layer. The dielectric resonator comprises four rectangular bodies and three dielectric arms. Adjacent rectangular bodies are connected by dielectric arms. The four rectangular bodies and three dielectric arms are integrally formed into a single structure, with a rectangular slot in the center of each rectangular body. This broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication has a simple and compact structure, small overall size, and low production cost. By integrating the four units through dielectric arms, the dielectric resonator only needs to be installed once, significantly reducing alignment errors during unit installation and ensuring antenna performance. This dielectric resonant antenna can cover the N257, N258, and N261 frequency bands in 5G communication, achieving broadband coverage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication. Background Technology

[0002] According to 3GPP TS38.101-2 5G Terminal RF Technical Specification and TR38.817 Terminal RF Technical Report, the 5G mmWave frequency bands include N257 (26.5-29.5GHz), N258 (24.25-27.25GHz), N260 (37-40GHz), N261 (27.5-28.35GHz), and the newly added N259 (39.5-43GHz). Clearly, in 5G millimeter-wave mobile terminal communication, we can use multiple antennas to cover the above frequency bands, but this will inevitably reduce the terminal space. Therefore, using a single antenna to achieve dual-band or even multi-band characteristics will simplify the structure and design process of integrated antennas.

[0003] Dielectric resonator antennas made of ceramic bodies offer significant advantages due to their high manufacturing precision, small size, and lower cost in the millimeter-wave band. Conventional 5G terminal millimeter-wave antenna designs typically have 1×4 elements. If a DRA (dielectric resonator antenna) design is used, four discrete dielectric resonators are required for installation, and the bonding and fixing of these resonators must be repeated four times. This design method results in significant discrepancies between simulated and actual antenna performance. If the antenna is designed as a single unit, the installation of the four elements only requires one step, reducing uncertainties and facilitating mass production. Therefore, a four-element integrated dielectric resonator antenna module is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a broadband dielectric resonant antenna that is easy to mass-produce and can be used in 5G communication.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication, comprising a substrate assembly and a dielectric resonator. The substrate assembly includes a dielectric substrate, the top surface of which is provided with a top ground layer. A coupling slot and the dielectric resonator are provided on the top ground layer. A matching microstrip line for feeding the dielectric resonator through the coupling slot is provided on the dielectric substrate. The dielectric resonator includes four rectangular bodies and three dielectric arms. The four rectangular bodies are arranged in a row, and two adjacent rectangular bodies are connected by the dielectric arms. The four rectangular bodies and the three dielectric arms are integrally formed into a single structure. A rectangular slot is provided in the center of each rectangular body. The coupling slot is provided in the central area of ​​the rectangular slot. The coupling slot is generally H-shaped. The coupling slot includes a first slot and two second slots. The two ends of the first slot are respectively connected to the second slots. The length direction of the first slot is consistent with the width direction of the rectangular slot.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication has a simple and compact structure, small overall size, and low production cost; by integrating the four units through a dielectric arm, the dielectric resonator only needs to be installed once as a whole, which greatly reduces the alignment error generated during the installation of the dielectric resonator units and helps to ensure the antenna performance of the dielectric resonant antenna; this dielectric resonant antenna can cover the N257, N258 and N261 frequency bands in 5G communication, achieving broadband coverage. Attached Figure Description

[0007] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a broadband dielectric resonant antenna applied to 5G communication according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0009] Figure 2 This is a top view of a broadband dielectric resonant antenna applied to 5G communication according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dielectric substrate in a broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 4 A comparison diagram of S-parameters before and after setting a rectangular slot on a rectangular body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 5 This is an S-parameter diagram of a broadband dielectric resonant antenna applied to 5G communication according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the antenna radiation efficiency of a broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication under different d values, according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 7 This is an antenna gain curve of a broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention under different d values.

[0015] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0016] 1. Dielectric substrate;

[0017] 2. Top stratum; 21. Coupling fracture; 211. First fracture; 212. Second fracture;

[0018] 3. Dielectric resonator; 31. Rectangular body; 311. Rectangular slot; 32. Dielectric arm;

[0019] 4. Matching microstrip lines;

[0020] 5. Bottom strata;

[0021] 6. Metal column;

[0022] 7. Chip components;

[0023] d. The distance between the first virtual plane and the second virtual plane. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture as shown in the attached figure. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0027] Furthermore, if the embodiments of the present invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," such descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

[0028] Furthermore, if the meaning of "and / or" appears throughout the text, it refers to three parallel solutions. For example, "and / or" includes solution 1, solution 2, and solution 3, which simultaneously satisfy the above conditions. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0029] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 The first embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Please refer to... Figures 1 to 3 A broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication includes a substrate assembly and a dielectric resonator 3. The substrate assembly includes a dielectric substrate 1, with a top ground layer 2 on the top surface of the dielectric substrate 1. The top ground layer 2 has a coupling slot 21 and the dielectric resonator 3, i.e., the top ground layer 2 is located between the dielectric resonator 3 and the dielectric substrate 1. Optionally, the dielectric resonator 3 is glued to the top ground layer 2, or the dielectric resonator 3 is connected and fixed to the dielectric substrate 1 by a fastening structure. The dielectric substrate 1 has a matching microstrip line 4 for feeding the dielectric resonator 3 through the coupling slot 21.

[0032] The dielectric resonator 3 includes four rectangular bodies 31 and three dielectric arms 32. The four rectangular bodies 31 are arranged in a row at intervals, and adjacent rectangular bodies 31 are connected by the dielectric arms 32. The four rectangular bodies 31 and the three dielectric arms 32 are integrally formed into a single structure. A rectangular groove 311 is provided in the center of each rectangular body 31. The coupling gap 21 is provided in the central area of ​​the rectangular groove 311. The coupling gap 21 is generally H-shaped and includes a first gap 211 and two second gaps 212. The two ends of the first gap 211 are respectively connected to the second gaps 212. The connection between the first gap 211 and the second gap 212 is located at the midpoint of the second gap 212. The length direction of the first gap 211 is consistent with the width direction of the rectangular groove 311, and the length direction of the second gaps 212 is consistent with the length direction of the rectangular groove 311. In this embodiment, the dielectric constant of the dielectric resonator 3 is 21.

[0033] In this embodiment, the rectangular body 31 has a length of 5.2 mm, a width of 3.3 mm, and a height of 0.85 mm; the rectangular groove 311 has a length direction consistent with the length direction of the rectangular body 31, a height direction consistent with the height direction of the rectangular body 31, a length of 3.25 mm, a width of 1.4 mm, and a height of 0.85 mm.

[0034] Specifically, the dielectric arm 32 is rectangular in shape. The distance between the first virtual plane containing the centerline of the dielectric arm 32 and the second virtual plane containing the centerline of the first slot 211 along its length is d, where 1.26mm ≤ d ≤ 1.5mm. The first virtual plane and the second virtual plane are parallel and perpendicular to the top layer 2, respectively. Alternatively, when viewing the broadband dielectric resonant antenna used for 5G communication from above, the distance between the extension of the centerline of the first slot 211 along its length and the centerline of the dielectric arm 32 is d.

[0035] For ease of manufacturing, the top surface of the dielectric arm 32 is flush with the top surface of the rectangular body 31, and the bottom surface of the dielectric arm 32 is flush with the bottom surface of the rectangular body 31. Specifically, the center lines of the three dielectric arms 32 are collinear.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the matching microstrip line 4 is disposed within the dielectric substrate 1. Disposing the matching microstrip line 4 inside the dielectric substrate 1 reduces external signal interference and signal leakage, thereby improving the performance of the broadband dielectric resonant antenna used in 5G communication. Of course, in other embodiments, the matching microstrip line 4 may be disposed on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate 1.

[0037] To further reduce external signal interference, a bottom ground layer 5 is provided on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and the bottom ground layer 5 is conductive to the top ground layer 2. Preferably, the bottom ground layer 5 and the top ground layer 2 are conductive through metal pillars 6, and the metal pillars 6 are respectively provided on both sides of the matching microstrip line 4. The metal pillars 6 can be metallized holes or columnar filling structures provided on the dielectric substrate 1.

[0038] The substrate assembly further includes a chip assembly 7 disposed on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate 1. The chip assembly 7 includes a radio frequency chip and a power chip and a digital chip that are electrically connected to the radio frequency chip respectively. The radio frequency chip is connected to the matching microstrip line 4.

[0039] Next, let me explain the inventor's design concept:

[0040] First, a dual-mode rectangular dielectric resonator (i.e., the rectangular body) with a dielectric constant DK of 21 is designed using transcendental equations. The length, width, and height of the rectangular body are 5.2 x 3.3 x 0.85 mm. The S-parameter curve of the rectangular body is as follows: Figure 4 The line indicating "not hollowed out" is shown in the middle;

[0041] Then, the rectangular slot is set on the rectangular body to generate a broadband antenna. At this time, the S-parameter curve of the rectangular body is as follows: Figure 4 As shown by the "hollowed-out" lines in the middle;

[0042] from Figure 4 It can be observed that the two resonant points of the dual-mode rectangular body are generated by the TE111 mode (lower left point in the figure) and the TE311 mode (lower right point in the figure), but its S-parameters exhibit dual-frequency characteristics. After removing a 1.4 x 3.25 x 0.85 mm volume from the middle of the rectangular body to form a rectangular slot, the coupling slot begins to radiate and generate a third resonant point. The three radiation modes—TE111, coupling slot, and TE311—generate three resonant points, enabling the dielectric resonator antenna bandwidth to cover (22.8-29.6 GHz). Its S-parameters after arraying are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, that is Figure 5 This is the S-parameter diagram of the broadband dielectric resonant antenna used in 5G communication in this embodiment.

[0043] Next, the medium arms are used to form an array. In the top view, the distance d from the medium arm to the long axis of symmetry of the coupling slot affects the antenna efficiency and gain, so there is an optimal distance range.

[0044] like Figure 6 As shown, the radiation efficiency of a broadband dielectric resonator antenna decreases around 28.6 GHz because at 28.6 GHz, the dielectric arm generates a mode or field that interferes with the antenna. The degree of interference varies with different d values, with the coupling being strongest and the radiation efficiency decreasing the most when d = 0 mm.

[0045] like Figure 7 As shown, when d = 1.89 mm, the broadband dielectric resonator antenna experiences a significant gain drop at 29.2 GHz. This is because the antenna's symmetry is most severely compromised. When d = 0 mm, the antenna is symmetrical along the gap height, so the gain curve for d = 0 mm shows virtually no drop at 29.2 GHz. Figure 7 As can be seen, the antenna gain drops more and more as d increases, and the gain drop is particularly severe when d = 1.89 mm.

[0046] Therefore, in summary Figure 6 and Figure 7 The optimal range for the distance from the dielectric arm to the long axis of symmetry of the coupling gap is 1.26mm≤d≤1.5mm, with the optimal point value being d=1.26mm.

[0047] The above are merely optional embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication, comprising a substrate assembly and a dielectric resonator, wherein the substrate assembly includes a dielectric substrate, a top ground layer is provided on the top surface of the dielectric substrate, a coupling slot and the dielectric resonator are provided on the top ground layer, and a matching microstrip line for feeding the dielectric resonator through the coupling slot is provided on the dielectric substrate, characterized in that: The dielectric resonator includes four rectangular bodies and three dielectric arms. The four rectangular bodies are arranged in a row, and two adjacent rectangular bodies are connected by the dielectric arms. The four rectangular bodies and the three dielectric arms are integrally formed into a single structure. A rectangular groove is provided in the center of each rectangular body. The coupling gap is provided in the central area of ​​the rectangular groove. The rectangular groove penetrates the top and bottom surfaces of the rectangular bodies to expose the coupling gap. The coupling gap is generally H-shaped and includes a first gap and two second gaps. The two ends of the first gap are respectively connected to the second gaps. The length direction of the first gap is consistent with the width direction of the rectangular groove. The medium arm is rectangular in shape. The distance between the first virtual plane containing the center line of the medium arm and the second virtual plane containing the center line of the first gap length direction is d, 1.26mm≤d≤1.5mm. The first virtual plane and the second virtual plane are parallel and perpendicular to the top layer of the formation, respectively. The centerlines of the three dielectric arms are collinear; the top surface of the dielectric arm is flush with the top surface of the rectangle, and the bottom surface of the dielectric arm is flush with the bottom surface of the rectangle.

2. The broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectangle has a length of 5.2 mm, a width of 3.3 mm, and a height of 0.85 mm; the rectangular groove has a length of 3.25 mm, a width of 1.4 mm, and a height of 0.85 mm.

3. The broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matching microstrip line is disposed within the dielectric substrate.

4. The broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a bottom ground layer, which is connected to the top ground layer.

5. The broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom layer and the top layer are connected by metal pillars, and the metal pillars are respectively provided on both sides of the matching microstrip line.

6. The broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate assembly also includes a chip assembly disposed on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate.

7. The broadband dielectric resonant antenna for 5G communication according to claim 6, characterized in that: The chip assembly includes a radio frequency (RF) chip and a power chip and a digital chip, which are electrically connected to the RF chip respectively, and the RF chip is connected to the matching microstrip line.

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